基礎(chǔ)寫作之圖表類

1、基礎(chǔ)寫作之圖表類1圖表式作文的幾種形式:一是以表格形式,將統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)或被說明的事物直接用表格形式體現(xiàn)出來,即統(tǒng)計(jì)表。二是以圖形形式 A 表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的曲線圖; B 表示數(shù)據(jù)的大小或數(shù)量之間的差異 的柱狀圖; C 表示總體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)變化的扇形圖2Graph表示兩組數(shù)的關(guān)系-通常為函數(shù)關(guān)系圖3Pie Chart餅狀圖4Table矩形的豎行和橫行進(jìn)行排列的表格 Item19941995199619971998Food65%60%48%42%35%Clothing8%9%12%15%17%Recreation3%5%7%8%10%Others24%26%33%35%38%Total100%100%100

2、%100%100%5Bar Chart / Graph 柱狀圖6圖表式作文寫作一般分三步:第一步：開門見山地點(diǎn)明本圖表所反映的主題常用詞匯： table, chart, figure, graph, describe/ tell, show, represent常用句型：1.The graph/chart/table above shows 2. From the above graph/chart, it can be seen that.3. As is shown in the graph, .4.The chart/table shows the differences between

3、7第二步：數(shù)據(jù)說明，即分析數(shù)據(jù)間的主要差異及趨勢，然后描寫，并闡明必要的理由。即 facts and reasons常用轉(zhuǎn)折，對比及比較的詞匯：while, but, on the contrary, however, compare with, in contrast to ,asas, the same as, be similar to, difference between, among, more than, less than常用描寫趨勢變化的詞匯：increase, rise, go up, reduce, drop, go down, fall, reach, remain,

4、by/to, slowly, slightly, gradually, sharply, rapidly, the number of, fromto及比較級，倍數(shù)句型等。8常用句型：Facts: 1. There was a great /slight increase /rise in2. There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in3. It is 20% lower/higher than4. The number is times as much as that of.5. It increases/rises/decreases/r

5、educes by/% / two thirds.6. By comparison with, it decreased/ increased/ fell fromto9Reasons:1.The reason foris that2.One may think of the change as a result of3.The change inlargely results from the fact that4.There are several causes for this significant growth in. First, . Second, 5.This brings o

6、ut the important fact that10第三步：歸納總結(jié)或發(fā)表評論。常用詞匯：in a word,/ in short, /generally speakingIts clear from the chart thatIn summary, it is importantFrom what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that Obviously, if we want to,it is necessary There is no doubt that attention must be paid t

7、o11練習(xí)：1）開頭常用套語1.圖表顯示/表明 The graph shows/indicates that2. 從以上表格中我們可以明顯地看出，中國人口在高速增長。From the graph/table/diagram/chart above, we can see obviously that the population of China is increasing fast. 3.正如能夠從圖表中所看到的，我國的飲食習(xí)慣正在發(fā)生巨大的變化。As can be seen from the table, great changes have been taking place in th

8、e eating habit in our country.124. 根據(jù)表中所給的數(shù)字，自1980年至2008年中國農(nóng)民的個人收入穩(wěn)步增長。According to the figures given in the graph, the Chinese farmers personal income rose steadily from 1980 to 2008. 5. 從曲線圖可以得出結(jié)論，最近5年來中國人口的出生率已經(jīng)大大下降。It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth r

9、ates in China in the past five years. 132）數(shù)據(jù)說明常用套語1. 在英國37萬6千位百萬富翁中，女性約占46%。Women make up about 46 percent of Britains 376,000 millionaires.2. 學(xué)生人數(shù)達(dá)到5000人，與上個學(xué)期相比上升了20%。 The number of students has reached 5000, indicating a rise of 20% compared to last semester. 3. 現(xiàn)在我們地區(qū)的糧食產(chǎn)量相當(dāng)于1990年的3倍。The output

10、of grain in our area now is three times as much as that of 1990. 144. 和去年同期相比，其銷售額上漲8.3%，達(dá)到1063億美元，創(chuàng)歷史新高。 Sales increased by 8.3% compared with the same period last year, to a record of $106.3 billion. 5. 從1979年到1991年間，加拿大的香煙實(shí)際價(jià)格增長了159，在青少年中吸煙率從42降低到16。 From 1979 to 1991 in Canada, the real price of

11、 cigarettes increased by 159% and teenage smoking fell from 42% to 16%. 153）原因說明常用套語的原因是 The reason for. is that. 2.首先其次還有最后 Firstly/ First of all/ To begin with. Secondly, . Besides/ In addition/ Furthermore/ Moreover,. Finally/ Last but not least/, .3. 有兩個原因可以解釋這樣一種現(xiàn)象。There are two reasons that ac

12、count for this phenomenon. For one thing, ; for another,4. 許多因素可以說明/導(dǎo)致/引起這個變化/成功/增長。A number of factors could account for (contribute to /lead to /result in) the change (success /increase).161.依我之見Personally /in my opinion /as far as Im concerned /as for me /on my personal note / from my point of vi

13、ew2. 由圖表提供的信息，我們可以得出一個結(jié)論According to the information shown in the graph, we can draw the conclusion that 3. 從圖表的變化來看，我們可以預(yù)計(jì)From the changes in the charts, we can predict that4）結(jié)尾的常用套語179. 簡介某市教育發(fā)展情況以下是你所在市的歷年在校學(xué)生數(shù)目表：教育高速發(fā)展影響要素第一，經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展，奠定了基礎(chǔ)。第二，政府鼓勵教育教育發(fā)展。第三，家長重視。1. 簡介某市教育發(fā)展情況以下是你所在市的歷年在校學(xué)生數(shù)目表：18寫作內(nèi)容假設(shè)你在政府部門見習(xí)，你要向幾位到訪的外國客人介紹你所在城市的教育發(fā)展情況。 在介紹前，你先寫一篇短文作準(zhǔn)備，內(nèi)容包括：1. 描述你市歷年在校學(xué)生人數(shù)；2. 分析教育高速發(fā)展的原因。參考詞匯：打基礎(chǔ) lay foundation 改革開放 reform and opening up19練習(xí)：2. 導(dǎo)致交