主謂一致 (3)

1、主謂一致兩個或兩個以上由and 連接的單數(shù)名詞做主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。e.g. A smile and handshake show welcome.但當and 連接兩個或兩個以上的名詞指同一個人，同一個單位整體概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. Bread and butter is her favourite food.用and 連接的兩個或兩個以上的單數(shù)名詞做主語。如果有no, many a, every, each 等詞修飾，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. No host and no guest is allowed to smoke in the office.2由or, nor, e

2、itheror, neithernor, not onlybut(also), notbut等連接的兩個并列主語，謂語動詞一般應與最近的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。 e.g. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.3在there/ here be句型中，主語不止一個，則be 的數(shù)常和最近的主語保持一致。 e.g. Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.4A as well as B, A with B, A together with B, A rather

3、 than B, A but B, A except B, A like B, A no less than B(兩者都)等結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語動詞與A在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 e.g. You, as well as I , are interested in Pop music.5主語是一個表示抽象概念的動詞不定式（短語），動名詞短語，名詞性從句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 e.g. Learning new words and useful expressions is important for me. Whether they come or not doesnt matter.但what 引導的主語從

4、句的單復數(shù)應根據(jù)句子的意義來確定。 e.g. What I need most now is time. What I need most now are books.6表時間，重量，距離，金錢等復數(shù)名詞做主語時，若做整體看時，常用單數(shù)動詞，如果不可數(shù)名詞前有表數(shù)量的復數(shù)名詞，其后常跟復數(shù)動詞做謂語。 e.g. One hundred Li was covered in a single night. Ten years is a moment in history. Three million tons of coal were exported that year.另外，在加，乘這種運算算

5、式時，動詞習慣用單數(shù)，復數(shù)也可以。Two and two make(s) four. 但Two fives are ten. 7集體名詞如family, class, group, team, enemy, army, crowd, company, government, committee 等做主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于句子的含義，若做為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，若側(cè)重指組成該集體中的個體時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 e.g. The whole family is going for two months. My family are very well.集體名詞police, peop

6、le, cattle等做主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 e.g. People need energy to live. The police have caught the thief. 但“people”做民族解時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，多民族用復數(shù)。 e.g.The Chinese are a great, brave and hard-working people. The Chinese people is a great, brave and hard-working people. The Chinese people are brave and hard-working.復數(shù)詞形的單數(shù)名詞

7、，如：politics,physics,maths, news等做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. There is good news for the people of our city. The means to an end is important to us.10Some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的復合不定代詞做主語時，動詞用單數(shù)。e.g.In the Future House everything is worked by the computer. Is anyone seeing you off.11Some, any, none, all, such, most等

8、代詞和half, the rest等名詞做主語，應根據(jù)上下文或具體場合確定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。e.g.Some of us do not know much about the theatre. Some of the money was missing.注：all 指人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。指物，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。all of 后接復數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。后接不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。12Either(of), neither(of) 做主語時，謂語動詞習慣用單數(shù)，但也可用復數(shù)。但bothand做主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 e.g. I wrote to White and Davi

9、d but neither of them have/has replied. Both Smith and Charlie are invited to the family party but neither has come.13each做主語或修飾的名詞做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。若each位于復數(shù)名詞之后做同位語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。e.g. Each of the students speaks English in class. Each student has got an English-Chinese dictionary. The students each enjoy read

10、ing interesting stories.14“more than one + 單數(shù)名詞”和“many a + 單數(shù)名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. More than one person was said to have seen UFO. Many a taxi driver is polite to the passengers.15“one or two + 復數(shù)名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)?！皁ne and a half + 復數(shù)名詞”做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 e.g. One or two of them were surprised to see him. O

11、ne and a half years has passed.16. “the+adj.” 做主語，表示一類人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。“the+adj.” 做主語，表示一類事物，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. The beautiful is liked by us. The sick here are taken good care of.17. a quantity of +n. 做主語，謂語動詞取決于名詞。名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。名詞是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。quantities of +n. 做主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。the quantity of + n. 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。e.g. Quantities of books were on the desk.Great quantities of water are needed for cooling purposes.There is a large quantity of milk. A quantity of books