中國(guó)古典園林概述全面精煉-英文-英語(yǔ)園林景觀

1、No. NameClassical Chinese Gardens中國(guó)古典園林1教學(xué)pptContents1 the History of Classical Chinese Gardens2 the Classification of Classical Chinese Gardens3 Chinese Garden Design2教學(xué)ppt1 the History of Classical Chinese Gardens3教學(xué)pptShang ZhouQin HanWei JinSui TangSong YuanRising Period生成期Transferring period轉(zhuǎn)折期

2、Heyday Period 全盛期Ming QingMature Period成熟期Mature late Period成熟后期DynastiesStages of Development 4教學(xué)ppt Shang and Zhou Dynasties. Name: You (囿)lit. hunting park” -the hunting ground for emperors and nobles without any artificial cultivation. -coarse, primitive, big and natural.Features:紂為鹿臺(tái)，七年而成，其大三里，

3、高千尺臨望云雨 新序刺奢 “王在靈囿，鹿鹿攸伏。鹿鹿濯濯，白鳥(niǎo)篙篙。 王在靈沼，於軔魚躍?！?詩(shī)經(jīng)大雅 5教學(xué)pptQin and Han Dynasties a villa where the emperors can have a rest and deal with the affairs of the state. e.g.Shanglin Garden(上林苑) Weiyang Palace (未央宮) Changle Palace (長(zhǎng)樂(lè)宮)Name: Yuan (苑)lit. imperial park” Feature:6教學(xué)ppt姑蘇臺(tái)7教學(xué)ppt蓬萊山方丈山瀛洲山Layou

4、t of the Jianzhang Palace(建章宮） in Shanglin Gardenthe layout of “one pond and three mountains”(一池三山) 8教學(xué)pptFrom the period of the Wei and Jin to the period of Southern and Northern DynastiesBackground: China experienced a period of continuous wars and conflicts. Many of the scholar-officials（士大夫）were

5、 bitterly disappointed and tried to evade the society by finding a spiritual sustenance in the natural world. Feature: the garden with natural mountains and rivers.9教學(xué)ppt 流觴曲水10教學(xué)pptSui and Tang Dynasties The economy was flourishing and the civilization was prosperous. The architects always had the

6、interest in the integration of the garden into literature and art.Feature: the garden with imitating mountains and riversBackground:11教學(xué)ppt 大明宮12教學(xué)ppt自居易的履道里宅園13教學(xué)pptThe Song and the Yuan DynastiesThe stage of maturity 皆臺(tái)榭亭閣，花木奇石，影映湖山周圍勝景，言之難盡。 吳自牧夢(mèng)梁錄14教學(xué)pptMing Dynasty and Qing DynastiesThe peak ti

7、me of classical gardening-Building of Imperial Gardens was activated .E.g.the Summer Palacethe Mountain Resort in Chengde-The function of living was reinforced. - “garden of gardens” “園中園”15教學(xué)ppt Yuanye (園冶), the first monograph dedicated to garden architecture in the world, was written by Ji Cheng(

8、計(jì)成), a Ming dynasty garden designer . Building Principle: The garden is created by the human hand, but should appear as if created by heaven. “雖由人作，宛自天開(kāi)”The Craft of Gardens 16教學(xué)ppt2 the Classification of Classical Chinese Gardens17教學(xué)pptPrivate Gardens (私家園林) Imperial Gardens(皇家園林）Owned by ancient C

9、hinese emperors .Owned mainly by the painters, the poets, and other scholars. Beihai Park;the Summer Palace;the Mountain Resort in ChengdeLandscape Garden (風(fēng)景名勝園林) E.g.Places for public recreation. West Lake; Daming LakeE.g.Temple Garden(寺廟園林)18教學(xué)pptImperial Gardens19教學(xué)pptPrivate Gardens20教學(xué)pptLands

10、cape Gardens21教學(xué)pptTemple Gardens22教學(xué)pptHumble Administrators Garden(拙政園)Lingering Garden (留園)Master of the Nets Garden(網(wǎng)師園)Lion Grove Garden (獅子林)Private Gardens:Famous Private Gardens in Suzhou:Geyuan Garden(個(gè)園)Heyuan Garden (何園)Famous Private Gardens in Yangzhou:23教學(xué)ppt3 Chinese Garden Design24教學(xué)

11、ppt obstructive scenery; blocking view( 抑景或障景) The garden builders never show the best part of the garden at the very beginning, but try to use some artistic methods to block the scene at the entrance of a garden, such as a screen, a rockery, etc. 25教學(xué)ppt adding the view（添景） When a scenic spot is a

12、little bit far from the viewer, such as a pagoda, or the natural hills, kinds of flowers, trees, or other plants will be planted in the middle or near to the observers as a kind of transition.26教學(xué)ppt vista line；vista（夾景） A distant view or prospect, especially one seen through an opening, as between

13、rows of buildings or trees. 27教學(xué)ppt opposite scenery; (對(duì)景) view in an opposite place 28教學(xué)ppt enframed scenery（框景） It refers to mainly the doors, the windows, the holes, or the frame formed by the plants naturally will often enframe the views afar into a very beautiful picture. 29教學(xué)ppt leaking throug

14、h scenery(漏景) In walls of the garden or one side of the corridors, there are often some hollows or windows, which are engraved through by traditional Chinese pictures such ancient figures, plants, birds and animals. So people will have a view from the hollow part about the garden. lattice window30教學(xué)

15、ppt borrowed scenery; view borrowing(借景) Borrowed scenery is the principle of incorporating background landscape into the composition of a garden found in traditional Chinese garden design.31教學(xué)ppt “distant borrowing”(遠(yuǎn)借) e.g. mountains, forests, rivers, fields & lakes“ adjacent borrowing” (鄰借)e.g. neighbori