牛津譯林版八年級英語下冊8BU1知識點講解和練習(附答案)

1、8B Unit 1 Past and PresentWelcome to the unit預(yù)習熱身1. present n. 3. n. 過去5. share with 7. by underground2. just adv. 4.conj. 自以來6. used to 一小時前- Eddie, have you seen my food? - Yes. Ive just eaten it. You used to share food with me! Well, there were always too many people on the bus, and it took a lon

2、g time to wait for the next one.知識點講解1 - Eddie ， have you seen my food? 埃迪，你看到我 的食物了嗎？Yes. Ive just eaten it 是的。我剛剛把它吃了。思考：have you seen 與 Ive just eaten 用的是什么時態(tài)？講解：have you seen 和 Ive just eat en 都用了現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時由“助動詞 have/has 過去分詞”構(gòu)成，其中 Ive 是 I have 的縮略形式，seen 是 see 的過去分詞， eaten 是 eat 的過去分詞。例如： - Hav

3、e you eaten your breakfast? 你吃過早飯了嗎？Yes ， I have. 是的，我吃過了。( )- Would you like to go and see Avatar with me tonight?Thank you very much, but Iit already.A. seeB. will see C. have seenD. am seeing2 Youve eaten my food? 你吃了我的食物 ?思考：該句為什么句式？講解：本句為陳述句，但句末用問號，表示疑問。這種問句常用于口語中，表示較弱的疑問語氣。You are fourteen yea

4、rs old? 你十四歲了？Yes ， I am 是的。( ) - - Yes. I can watch TV for half an hour then.What about doing your homework?Youve finished your homework?Do you finish your homework?Did you do your homework?3 Because I was very hungry 因為我很餓。思考： because 的意思是“ ”。講解： because 意為“因為”，后跟原因狀語從句，通常用來回答由 why 引導的特殊疑問句。注意： be

5、cause of 后面加名詞短語Why were you late for school this morning? 今天早上你為什么上學遲到了？Because there was something wrong with my bike. 因為我的自行車壞了。( ) Tony never spends money in buying bookshe doesnt like reading A. butB. because C. thoughD. until4 You used to share food with me! 你過去常和我分享食物！思考： used to 是什么意思？后接動詞時，

6、動詞用什么形式？講解： used to 意為“過去常常”。后接動詞時，動詞用原形。used to do sth. 意為“過去常常做某事”。I used to help the old man. 我過去常常幫助那位老人。 注意 be used to doing sth. 意為“習慣做某事” be used to do sth 意為“被用來做某事”。I am used to getting up at six in the morning. 我習慣于早上六點起床。A knife is used to cut things. 刀子是用來切東西的。in()He used to in a small v

7、illage, but now he has been used to.a big city.A. live; livingB. live; live C. living; living( ) Do you know what the box?A. is used to doingB. is used to doC use to doD used to do思考：share - with的意思是講解：share with意為與一起分享I share the same bedroom with my sister. 我和我妹妹同住一室。你經(jīng)常與別人分享你的信息嗎？Do you oftenRead

8、ing預(yù)習熱身1. northern adj.3. wife n.5 n污染；污染物7 n廢料；廢品9 n形勢，情況11 n 丈夫13 . turn into 15. from time to time17. 結(jié)婚19 多年來?2 married adj. 4.improve vt. vi. 6 n 工廠8 vt. & vi. 意識到；實現(xiàn)10. adj. 孤獨的，寂寞的12. n 采訪；會見14.in some ways16. all ones life18. 變化很大20. 感到有點兒寂寞Has the area changed/a lot over the years?Now, the

9、government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.Anyway, its good to see the amazing changes in the town.Tell me more about your interview with Mr Chen, Millie.知識點講解- Do you know Sunshine Town very well, Mr Chen?陳先生，您對陽光鎮(zhèn)非常了解嗎 ？- Sure. Ive lived

10、 here since l was born.當然。我從出生就住在這里了。思考：knowwell的意思是講解：know”意為對清楚，對熟悉”，后面可以跟人或物。對程度提問 時用 how well 。I know Mr. Green very well. 我對格林先生很熟悉。How well do you know your hometown? 你對你的家鄉(xiāng)了解多少？( ) - How well do you know your school? -I know it quite.A. good B. wellC. fineD. badWhen I got married in 1965, my

11、wife and I moved two blocks away and weve lived in this flat since then 在 1965 年，當我和我妻子結(jié)婚時，我們搬到了兩個街區(qū)外并且一直在這個公寓里住到現(xiàn)在。思考： get married 的意思是“ ”。講解： get married 意為“結(jié)婚”，表示結(jié)婚的動作，不能和一段時間連用。My parents got married twenty years ago.我的父母是二十年前結(jié)婚的。拓展：marry既可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞，意為“結(jié)婚；嫁；娶；與結(jié)婚”等。其常見用法如下：(1 ) marry sb. 嫁給

12、某人；與某人結(jié)婚。John married Mary last week. 上星期約翰和瑪麗結(jié)婚了。(2) marry sb. to sb. 表示父每把女兒嫁給某人或為兒子娶媳婦。She married her daughter to a businessman. 她把女兒嫁給了一位商人：(3)marry 作不及物動詞時，常常用副詞或介詞短語來修飾。She married very early. 她很早就結(jié)婚了。marry - 般不與介詞 with 連用，而與介詞 to 連用，即 be/get married to sb. 與某人 結(jié)婚。Jane was married to a doctor

13、 last month. 上個月簡和一位醫(yī)生結(jié)婚了。Rose got married to a teacher. 羅絲和一位教師結(jié)婚了。問某人是否結(jié)婚，而不涉及結(jié)婚的對象時，可以用 be/get married ，相當于系表結(jié) 構(gòu)。Are you married? /Have you got married? 你結(jié)婚了嗎？( ) Catherine got marrieda policeman twenty years ago.A withB forC toHas the area changed a lot over the years?這個地區(qū)近些年的變化大嗎？思考： over the y

14、ears 的意思是“ ”。講解： over the years 意為“歷年；多年來；多年以來”，相當于during the years ，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。He says this number has not changed much over the years.他說這個數(shù)字歷年來沒有太大的變化。練習 : 用所給單詞的適當形式填空This village(not change) over the years.Now, the government has turned part of the town center into a new park.現(xiàn)在，政府已經(jīng)把部分鎮(zhèn)中心變成了一個新的

15、公園。思考：turn - into的意思是。講解：turninto意為“把變成 ,相當于 changeinto；表示變成.”，也可以用 turn into 或 change into 。They turned the reading room into a laboratory. 他們把閱覽室改建成了一個實驗室。Bad beginnings may turn into good endings. 糟糕的開端可能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槊篮玫慕Y(jié)局。( ) Pleasethese sentencesEnglish.A. turn; into B. turn; on C. turn; down D. turn; of

16、fLater the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.后來，政府意識到這個問題并采取措施改善了形勢。思考：realize 的意思是“ ”，講解：realize 為“意識到”，后面可以跟表示事物的名詞、代詞或從句。He hasnt realized his mistake yet. 他還沒有意識到他的錯誤。When I heard the noise on the roof, I realized that it was raining.當我聽到屋頂上的聲音時，我意識到正在下雨。此外

17、， realize 還可以表示“實現(xiàn)”，后面跟賓語。He hoped to be a policeman and he realized his hope in the end.他希望當一名警察而且最終實現(xiàn)了他的愿望。()At last she her dream of becoming an actress.A. came true B. realize C. realized D. come true思考： improve 意為“ ”，其英文釋義是 。講解：improve意為改進，改善”，其英文釋義是make - better 0He practices speaking English

18、every day in order to improve his spoken English.他每天練習說英語以便提高他的英語口語(水平)。 He is trying to improve his reading skills. 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換He is trying tohis reading skills.Well ， in some ways it is 嗯，在某些方面是(比以前好)。思考：in some ways 的意思是“ ”。講解：in some ways 意為“在某些方面；在某種程度上”，在句中通常作狀語。類似的短語有： in ma ny ways 在許多方面； in most

19、ways 在大多數(shù)方面。In some ways you are right. 在某些方面你是對的。In most ways we are all the same. 在大多數(shù)方面我們是一樣的。人們在許多方面用到植物。 People use plants.Now I feel a bit lonely from time to time.現(xiàn)在我時常感到有點兒寂寞。思考： a bit 意為“ ”。講解： (1)a bit 意為“一點兒；有一點兒”，可以修飾形容詞或副詞的原級和比較級，相當于 a little 。I am a bit hungry. = I am a little hungry.我

20、有一點兒餓。Tom runs a bit faster than Sam. = Tom runs a little faster than Sam.湯姆跑得比薩姆快一點兒。(2)a bit of 后面可以跟不可數(shù)名詞，相當于a little 后面跟不可數(shù)名詞。There is a bit of tea in the cup. = There is a little tea in the cup. 杯子里有一點兒茶。練習：單項選擇( ) It Is hotter today than yesterday.A. a bit of B. a bit C. little D. a little of思

21、考：lonely 與alone有何區(qū)別？講解：(1)alone可以作形容詞，但是只作表語，不作定語。He was alone in the house 他獨自一人在家。注意：alone 也可以作副詞，意為“獨自”。He came alone. 他是獨自一人來的。(2)lonely 既可以作定語，也可以作袁語。作表語是“寂寞、孤立”的意思，一般指人孤獨寂寞；作定語指地方荒無人煙，有濃厚的感情色彩。She often feels lonely because she lives al one.她經(jīng)常感到孤獨，因為她獨自一人生活。This is a lonely place. 這是一個荒無人煙的地方

22、。( ) Though he isat home ， he doesnt feelfor he has manythings to do.A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone思考： from time to time 的意思是“ ”。講解： from time to time 意為“不時，有時，偶爾”，相當于at times ， sometimes 。1 will see you from time to time. 我會時常去看望你們。練習：同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 I go to school by bike sometimes.I go t

23、o school by bike.8. Anyway, its good to see the am azing changes in the town.思考： anyway 的意思是“ ”。講解： anyway 意為“盡管，即使這樣”。No one believes what you said anyway.不管怎樣，沒有人相信你的話。不管怎樣，我們必須保證學生的安全。, we must keep students參考答案：Welcome to the unit 參考答案預(yù)學熱身1 .現(xiàn)在，目前 2 .剛才3 . past 4 . Since 5 .和一起分享6 .過去常常7 乘地鐵 8. an hour ago 9.