2022年中山大學(xué)新華學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年中山大學(xué)新華學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. _. Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow. A、It tells

2、 us not to use the injured part until it heals. B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord（脊髓）to the brain, and back down again. C、The first message is the warning signal. D、The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正確答案】B【答案解析】第一句講的是疼痛的感覺是由兩

3、種信號(hào)signals 組成的，所以緊接著就提到兩種信號(hào)的傳播路線。B項(xiàng)恰恰照應(yīng)了首句意思。第2題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百歲老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案

4、選C。題目說的是“這五位百歲老人生活在一個(gè)非常友好的社區(qū)”，文章開頭部分提到了“community(社區(qū))”，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人生活的社區(qū)是否是一個(gè)友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。第3題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題。【譯文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第4題【單選題

5、】【2008.10】Never before _ so rapidly developing as it is today. A、has our country been B、has been our country C、our country has been D、our country been has【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查語法?！咀g文】我們國家從未像現(xiàn)在這樣高速發(fā)展?！驹敿?xì)解答】否定詞never在句首，該句子應(yīng)采用部分倒裝。第5題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas nati

6、onal income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP

7、 because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, pro

8、perty taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true a

9、ccording to the paragraph? A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes. B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes. C、Personal income is regarded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid. D、The money that go

10、es for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題的依據(jù)是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.這個(gè)句子。對(duì)原句的詞語選項(xiàng)D用了別的表達(dá)方法，但大意仍保持不變。第6題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、a

11、pply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析?！咀g文】她花了幾秒鐘時(shí)間使眼睛適應(yīng)黑暗?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應(yīng)用，申請(qǐng) D 調(diào)整，使適合第7題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: “In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think.” Today, not too far off Nixons deadline,

12、America is looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.Q: Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。問題句說“迄今為止在美國沒有一個(gè)女人曾經(jīng)被選舉為總統(tǒng)”。

13、本段說的是“1969年，美國總統(tǒng)Richard Nixon 很有信心地預(yù)測(cè)：在下一個(gè)50年里，我們將會(huì)看見一個(gè)女總統(tǒng)，這或許比你想象的更快些。今天距離Nixon總統(tǒng)給出的最終期限已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了，美國人現(xiàn)在正關(guān)注這可能性”。相鄰語句的句意相關(guān)，顯然，定冠詞結(jié)構(gòu)“the possibility”指答案相關(guān)句中提到的“可能出現(xiàn)美國女總統(tǒng)”。從該句中可以推斷出“從1969年到現(xiàn)在為止，美國還沒有出現(xiàn)女總統(tǒng)”。因此問題句提供了正確信息。第8題【單選題】【概括大意】The key to gardening with kids, says Patti Kraemer-Doell, family garden c

14、oordinator at the New York Botanical Gardens, is “Letting them experience it themselves. We have tried to guide them, but not tell them to put the sunflowers here and the tomatoes there. The emphasis is on developing their imagination and their appreciation for being out in the garden.”The main idea

15、 of this paragraph is_. A、Different Kinds of Gardens. B、Kinds of Plants in s Home Garden C、The Most Important Point in Family Gardening D、How to plan sunflowers and tomatoes【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段指出家庭園藝的主旨是讓孩子去體驗(yàn)，培養(yǎng)他們的想象力和鑒賞力。所以答案為C。第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology

16、are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because _. A、resources on land are running short in ten years B、man can use it to explo

17、re the deeper sea C、it is a lot of fun diving into the sea D、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive，人類利用技術(shù)可以開發(fā)的海洋資源是驚人的。段末說到：Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the oc

18、ean floor. 然而，大量有價(jià)值的礦物均還埋藏于海底。如鐵，銅等等。其他三項(xiàng)都沒有提到。第10題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會(huì)很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第11題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】When our Neolithic ancestors, living

19、in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Q: People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food

20、about 10,000 years ago. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。利用“10，000”作為答案線索詞(因?yàn)槟甏ǔＪ怯脭?shù)字表示)，于是發(fā)現(xiàn)有句子提到當(dāng)生活在約一萬年前中東地區(qū)的人們發(fā)現(xiàn)從某些植物中可以收獲糧食，并且播種后下一個(gè)收獲季節(jié)還能產(chǎn)出更多的糧食時(shí)，就邁開了植物和人類聯(lián)系的第1 大步。第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived

21、for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦納）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportunity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his

22、 area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each village _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of land D、has a meeting each week【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)所考關(guān)

23、鍵詞chief迅速鎖定本段介紹chief的內(nèi)容。每個(gè)村莊都會(huì)有一個(gè)自己的首領(lǐng)，而每個(gè)首領(lǐng)都擁有一定量的土地。第13題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記住：不要以貌取人。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第14題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】All children in the United States have to

24、 receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. _. There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today. A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their childr

25、en. B、In some countries, however, children are educated by their parents. C、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. D、Children who are educated at home are known as home-schoolers.【正確答案】D【答案解析】后文出現(xiàn)了home-schoolers，根據(jù)選項(xiàng)，這里應(yīng)該是對(duì)這個(gè)詞的定義，因此選D。第15題【單選題】【2009.04】When you _ know Bob better

26、, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：當(dāng)你更加了解鮑勃時(shí)，你將會(huì)喜歡他的。試題分析：本題考查主將從現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句用了一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 第16題【單選題】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be r

27、elated to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with defic

28、iency of _. A、industrially polluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正確答案】B【答案解析】通過關(guān)鍵詞Some serious diseases，可將題目定位于最后一句話：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表達(dá)同樣的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根據(jù)這句話可以判斷答案為B。第17

29、題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守衛(wèi)地盤的天性) are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kin

30、d of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to

31、 an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading ro

32、le in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that _. A、it threatens the existing social systems B、it is influenced by society C、it has roots i

33、n religious conflicts D、it is directed against institutions of law【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人類暴力的兩個(gè)特性，其中第二個(gè)特性是“a learned behavior”?？梢灾辣绢}的答案應(yīng)該就在本段的后面部分。接下來的第二句話即說人類暴力的諸多表現(xiàn)形式都受社會(huì)習(xí)慣的制約：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior，將其

34、定型為侵略性行為。第18題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. What can we learn about Tom? A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first. B、It was the first time that Tom had dated a gi

35、rl. C、Tom was blind. D、Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。從The two were satisfied with each other可知，相親過后，兩人對(duì)對(duì)方都很滿意，所以A選項(xiàng)正確，湯姆第一次見對(duì)方就留下了很好的印象。B項(xiàng)所表述內(nèi)容在文中找不到根據(jù)，不能判斷這是湯姆第幾次約會(huì)。根據(jù)文章描述，湯姆只是near-sighted，遠(yuǎn)不到盲了的地步。文章僅講述了湯姆和某一個(gè)女孩相親的精力，對(duì)他的個(gè)人魅力以及是否受女孩歡迎并未提及。第19題【單選題】【2007.04】Jenn

36、y complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment. A、expended B、paid C、cost D、charged【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。charge：要價(jià)；索價(jià)；要人支付；收費(fèi)。例如：The fruit seller charged me too much money.這個(gè)水果商要了我很多的錢。 第20題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it autom

37、atically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock

38、were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically. B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock. C、Our internal clock as well as the

39、 alarm clock can be reset automatically. D、Our internal clock, like the alarm clock, can be reset.【正確答案】C【答案解析】是非判斷題，根據(jù)第五自然段首句But just like（和一樣） your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代詞

40、 it指代biological clock，不是選項(xiàng)internal clock和alarm clock都可以自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)。得到答案為C。A D 我們的生物鐘自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)。B 光線通過我們的眼睛調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘，與原文一致。第21題【單選題】Each of us should _ aside a few minutes to have a rest every day. A、push B、provide C、turn D、set【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。set aside：留出，撥出。是固定搭配。第22題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】There is a difference between sc

41、ience and technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of

42、 science. A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology. C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questi

43、ons; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學(xué)和技術(shù)是有差別的。缺空后是對(duì)兩者的分述，因此缺空處也應(yīng)是對(duì)兩者的分述，故選D。第23題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: “In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think.” Today, not too f

44、ar off Nixons deadline, America is looking at that possibility. Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.Q: Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。問題句說

45、“迄今為止在美國沒有一個(gè)女人曾經(jīng)被選舉為總統(tǒng)”。本段說的是“1969年，美國總統(tǒng)Richard Nixon 很有信心地預(yù)測(cè)：在下一個(gè)50年里，我們將會(huì)看見一個(gè)女總統(tǒng)，這或許比你想象的更快些。今天距離Nixon總統(tǒng)給出的最終期限已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了，美國人現(xiàn)在正關(guān)注這可能性”。相鄰語句的句意相關(guān)，顯然，定冠詞結(jié)構(gòu)“the possibility”指答案相關(guān)句中提到的“可能出現(xiàn)美國女總統(tǒng)”。從該句中可以推斷出“從1969年到現(xiàn)在為止，美國還沒有出現(xiàn)女總統(tǒng)”。因此問題句提供了正確信息。第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】I dont claim there isnt a force which guides us,

46、 which takes care of us, but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way of being. Our personality, our character, our way of perceiving（感知）reality and everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring us to the top, or on the contrary, make us miserable. The author thi

47、nks that our future is decided mainly by _. A、a superior force like God B、our way of being, such as our character C、things and persons that surround us D、others choice and responsibility【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。雖然作者也聲明自己并不否認(rèn)世界上存在任何一種具有超自然力量的東西，但是根據(jù)文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future

48、 is our way of being可知，作者認(rèn)為影響我們未來的最主要的因素還是我們自己的所作所為，答案為B項(xiàng)。第25題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket（板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答

49、案選A。本題對(duì)應(yīng)的語句為：the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket，因此是正確的。第26題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. _. Unless the person really hates being interviewed

50、, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary. B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well. C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting. D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正確答案】A【答案解析】抓住關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換，也就是afraid，選項(xiàng)中

51、this fear就是對(duì)這種擔(dān)心的補(bǔ)充，這種擔(dān)心是完全沒有必要的，除非被采訪者確實(shí)是討厭別人問自己。第27題【單選題】【2008.10】It is strongly held that new _ must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants. A、statistics B、constructions C、measures D、concessions【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】強(qiáng)烈支持采取新措施維護(hù)移民的權(quán)力。【詳細(xì)解答】A 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) B 建設(shè) C 措施，辦法 D 讓步，特許權(quán)第28題【單選題】【2

52、008.04】The farming methods have been _ improved with the invention of the new machine. A、efficiently B、proficiently C、professionally D、intentionally【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句子翻譯為：由于新機(jī)器的發(fā)明，人們已經(jīng)高效率地改進(jìn)了農(nóng)業(yè)耕種方法。A 高效率地 B熟練地 C 職業(yè)地、專職地 D 故意地、有意地。第29題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many years passed and the young man was very suc

53、cessful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had pass

54、ed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed C、horrible D、nervous【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)

55、題。年輕人回到家里，出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞sadness和regret，可以判斷年輕人的心情是非常傷心的。故選A。第30題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers

56、around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should _. A、change your decision B、blame your parents for it C、stick to your decision and go on D

57、、make more friends【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。根據(jù)文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on可知答案。作者認(rèn)為你出國后可能會(huì)面臨各種困難，面對(duì)周圍的陌生人、工作，你可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)，但是仔細(xì)想想這個(gè)決定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后繼續(xù)。第31題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy d

58、rinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。文章說到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. 避免喝牛奶和奶油飲料。第

59、32題【單選題】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several secon

60、ds.One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning. A、occurs most infrequently B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is often hidden from our view D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字與題目相關(guān)的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small lumi