賓語從句中考復(fù)習(xí) (2)

1、中考總復(fù)習(xí)系列之單位：尼二中 曹艷萍賓語從句一 . 定義 簡單的說 , 賓語從句就是一個(gè)或是幾個(gè)從句充當(dāng)主句中的賓語成分。Can you tell me which class you are in ?Do you know what kind of person she is ?She asked me if she could borrow these books .Please tell me which book I should read first .You may ask the man over there how you can get to the bus stop二. 賓

2、語從句中應(yīng)該注意的一些情況 1.引導(dǎo)詞 由陳述句變來的賓語從句，用連詞 that 等引導(dǎo)，并且在口語中常常省略此詞：e.g He said （ that ）he had a new dictionary . I know ( that ) Lucy can play football very well . 但是，如果 that 引導(dǎo)的是幾個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的賓語從句時(shí)，最后一個(gè) that 不能省略。 e.g I know ( that ) Tom comes from France and that he teaches in a middle school in Guilin now . 由一

3、般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換而來的賓語從句，用 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)，并且兩詞可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 連用，而 if 不能。 e.g I want to know whether ( if ) she still lives there . Please tell me whether you can come or not . 由特殊疑問句變來的賓語從句，由特殊疑問詞 who , whom , whose , which , when , where , why , how 等引導(dǎo) 。 e.g I dont know whose book it is . Do you

4、 know where our English teacher lives ? The teacher asked what was happening . He wanted to know why you can play the piano so well .2 . 語句的順序 無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都是運(yùn)用陳述句的語序，即是“主語在前，謂語在后”的順序。 e.g Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you know wha

5、ts the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？ Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower .3 . 時(shí)態(tài)的變化 . 當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g Tom has been to Guilin twice . she will come tomorrow .I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . he is interested in En

6、glish .當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。 e.g he would go to Xian . he was ill yesterday .He said ( that ) he was reading a book . he had had supper already . 當(dāng)賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told th

7、e students that no news is good news . We should know what he said is only the truth . I know that he is an exellent student . The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health .4 . 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào) 賓語從句末尾的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)由主句決定，不受從句的限制。如果主句是陳述句或者是祈使句時(shí)用句號(hào)；而主句是疑問句時(shí)，句末則用問號(hào)。 e.g He asked me if / whether I

8、 could help him . Please tell me which colour you like best . Do you know where Li Ping is ? Could you tell me how to go the No.28 Middle School ? Would you please tell the teacher how old you are ?5 . 賓語從句的否定形式 一般而言，賓語從句的否定式與一般句子的否定式是一樣的。但若主句謂語動(dòng)詞是 think , expect , believe , guess , imagine , suppos

9、e 等表示“認(rèn)為，猜想”的詞時(shí)，一般要把賓語從句中的否定式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中。 e.g I dont think its going to rain . I dont believe she will lend you the money . .6 . 賓語從句中的特殊情形 在把簡單句變?yōu)閺?fù)合句的練習(xí)中，千萬要注意： 句式的轉(zhuǎn)變：若原句是祈使句，不能用賓語從句改寫，而應(yīng)該用 “ ask sb. to do sth. ” 的句式。 e.g Dont open the door . （用 they 作主語變?yōu)橘e語從句） They ask not to open the door . 代詞的變化：如果將某

10、人的原話變?yōu)橘e語從句時(shí)，我們就應(yīng)該考慮代詞的變化。 e.g “ I come from Canada ” , Lucy says . Lucy says that she comes from Canada . 若由一般疑問句或特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，應(yīng)該用陳述句語序。具體如下：當(dāng)助動(dòng)詞是 does 或 did 時(shí)，要去掉助動(dòng)詞，并把動(dòng)詞恢復(fù)為第三人稱單數(shù)形式或過去式；當(dāng)是其它的助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則要把這些助動(dòng)詞放在主語的后面。 e.g I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” I asked Tom what he liked best . The teac

11、her asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ” The teacher asked me if I have read the book . He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ” He asked who could carry the box . 三、賓語從句轉(zhuǎn)化為簡單句1.當(dāng)主從句的主語一致時(shí)：1) I dont know what I shall do next. I dont know what to do next.2)John didnt decide which shirt he would buy.

12、 John didnt decide which shirt to buy.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語含有雙賓語時(shí)，如果間賓與從句（直賓）中的主語一致時(shí)： 1)Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the police station? 2)Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to start the recorder.四 . 專項(xiàng)練習(xí) 1、Do you know how much

13、 hot water? AMum is neededBdoes Mum need CMum needsDdid Mum need 2、Can you tell me? Awhere he is Bwhere is he Che is whereDwhat is he 3、I didnt know how to London? Awould they goBare they going Cthey would goDthey are going 4、I want to know how long Ahas he been backBhas he come back Che has been ba

14、ckDhe has come back 5、Do you know? Awhat the news areBwhat is the news Cwhat the news is Dwhat are the newsCACCC 6.- is true that she may fall behind the others. A.There B.This C.That D.It 7.The foreign friends think - the Chinese people are very friendly. A.that B.if C.since D.because 8.Id like to

15、know - Chinese. A.when he began to learn B.when did he begin to learn C.when did he begin learning D.for how long he began to learn 9.The teacher asked us - the classroom after school. A.cleaned B.clean C.to clean D.cleans DAAC二、將下列句子改為同義句，每空一詞。10.Could you tell me how to get to the shop ? Could you tell me get to the shop 11. Can you tell me when I should water the flowers? Can you tell me water the flowers?12. I decided that I would visit Mr Black. I decided Mr Black. 13. He said ,“Did you see him las