be動詞-助動詞、情態(tài)動詞用法課件

1、Be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞專題二：Be動詞一般現(xiàn)在時中be動詞的用法 be am is are （1）am用在I后 I am a student. Im happy. （2）are用于復(fù)數(shù)主語和第二人稱單數(shù)（你，您）等情況 Are you Chinese? They are basketball players. The books are expensive.（3）is用在主語是第三人稱單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞等情況 He is my friend. The dog is yellow. Time is money.be動詞的縮寫形式 I am = Im he/she/it is = hes/she

2、s/its we/you/they are = were/youre/theyre is not = isnt are not = arent who is = whos what is = whatsbe動詞的在一般現(xiàn)在時中的各種句型 1）肯定句： 主語 + be + 其他成分 She is beautiful. 2）否定句： 主語 + be + not + 其他成分 She is not beautiful. 3）一般疑問句（用yes或no來回答）：be + 主語 +其他成分 + ？ Is she beautiful？ 4）特殊疑問句： 疑問詞 + be + 主語（其他成分）+ ？ Wha

3、ts your name? Whos that?be的用法口訣： 我用am，你用are, is跟著他、她、它。 單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)are，勿忘be的三變化。 變疑問，往前提，句末問號莫丟棄。 變否定，更容易，be后not莫忘記。 疑問否定任你變，句首大寫莫遲疑。一般現(xiàn)在時中be動詞的用法相對簡單，上面的口訣基本包括了be動詞的各種問題。Exercises用am/is/are填空1、She（ ）a student.2、His jacket （ ）on the table.3、We （ ）family.4、-How （ ）you? -I （ ）fine, thanks.5、Jack and I （ ）

4、good friends.6、（ ）she a student?7、（ ）you a teacher?I _ an English teacher now.They _ glad to see each other .Helen and Nancy _ good friends.The little dog _ two years old this year. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the

5、first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.The sky blue. I a boy. There _(be) some water in the bottle.amareareareamwasisisisisiswaswere16. The black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _ for me. 19. Some tea _ in the glass.

6、 20. Gao shans shirt _ over there. 21. My sisters name _Nancy.22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23. _ David and Helen from England? 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25. There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28. There _ some

7、 bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China. are is are is is is is Are is are Are Is is are are句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)3. Tom is under the

8、tree.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?Are they doing housework? Yes, they are. / No, they arent. They arent doing housework.Are the students cleaning the classroom?Yes, they are./ No, they arent.Tom is not under the tree.4. The skateboards are black.(改成否定句)5.Its branches are long.(意思不變，改否定句) 6.She is always a good student.(

9、改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) . The skateboards are not black. Its branches are not short. Is she always a good student? No, she isnt.助動詞do/does 什么是助動詞？ 顧名思義，助動詞就是幫助動詞的，而本身沒有實際意義的動詞，是具有雷鋒精神的詞匯。 助動詞do的三種變化形式 do 第三人稱單數(shù)時使用的does 過去式diddo的基本用法： 1 構(gòu)成否定句 2 構(gòu)成一般疑問句及回答 3 構(gòu)成特殊疑問句do的各種形式 肯定式：do 否定式：dont/do notdo用在第一人稱單復(fù)數(shù)、第二人

10、稱單復(fù)數(shù)和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)作主語，且時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時的句子，如： I like that dress. 否定句：I dont like that dress. 一般疑問句及回答：-Do you like that dress? -Yes, I do/ No, I dont. 特殊疑問句：Which dress do you like?does 肯定式：does 否定式：doesntdoes用在第三人稱單數(shù)作主語，且時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時的句子當does出現(xiàn)時，句子中用動詞原形。如： She likes that dress. 否定句： She doesnt like that dress. 一般疑問句及

11、回答：-Does she like that dress? -Yes, she does./No, she doesnt. 特殊疑問句：Which dress does she like? Exercises按要求改寫句子： 1. Ithinkheisveryold.(否定句) I_thinkhe_veryold. 2. Thissignmeans“Nosmoking”.（改為特殊疑問句） What_thissign_? 3. Myplanthastwogreenleaves.(就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ _ _ _plant _? 4. I love my parents.（改為一般疑問句

12、） _?dontisdoesmeanHow many green leaves does yourhaveDo you love your parents用動詞的適當形式填空。1、They_(read)Englishinthemorning.2、She_(like)hercoatverymuch.3、Heusually_(watch)TVat7:00intheevening.4、Thegirl_(fly)akiteeveryspring.5、He_(get)upat7oclockinthemorning.6、Themanandthewomanalways_(listen)totheradio.

13、7、Lucy_(notsing)verywell.8、I_(notgo)toschoolbybuseveryday.9、Daming_(run)araceonMondays.10、We_(do)highjumpwithourfriendsatschool.11、Thelittlegirls_(read)Englishintheevening.12、They_(like)hercoatverymuch.13、Sheusually_(watch)TVwithhersisterintheevening.14、Thegirlsandtheboys_(fly)akiteeveryspring.15、We

14、_(get)upat7oclockinthemorning.16、Mybrotheralways_(listen)tomusicinhisroom.17、LucyandLily_(notspeak)Chinese.18、I_(notgo)toschoolbybuseveryday.19、Daming_(eat)ahamburgeronMondays.20、We_(play)gameswithourfriendsatschool.注意：一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)句的否定句和一般疑問句，當句子中有動詞時，我們就用助動詞do或是does.如果沒有動詞時，我們就選用is或是are，也就是“Be”除了原形的“be”之

15、外，還有另外七種形式：am,is,are,been,being,was,were.助動詞后接動詞原形。We _ ( not watch) TV on Monday.Nick _ ( not go) to the school on Sundays._ your parents _ (read) newspapers every day?dont watchdoesnt go Doread情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞有一定的意義 無人稱和數(shù)的變化 除了ought和have通常不帶to，后加動詞原形 表示說話人的語氣或情緒（請求、警告、命令等）特點：情態(tài)動詞will/wouldcan/couldhave/h

16、ad tomay/mightought toshall/shouldmust1. can/could 1) 表示能力 I can speak English and French. He can do it himself. 2) 表示事物一時的特征，理論上的可能性 Its always warm here, however, sometimes it can be very cold. Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes. 3) 表示允諾，許可 -Can I eat some cakes, mom? -Yes, you can./No,

17、 you cant. You can have my seat. I am going now. might是may的過去式，用法與may類似，常用于過去時中；用在疑問句中，還可表示委婉客氣。 3. must 1) 必須 Must I say sorry? Yes, you must./No, you neednt./No, you dont have to. You must see a doctor. 2) 猜測，“肯定，準是” She must be doing her homework now. There must be something wrong with my compute

18、r. It must have rained last night. The ground is wet. 3) 偏要，硬要 If you must smoke, please go out. 4) 否定，表示“禁止” You mustnt play with fire. You may hurt yourself. must一般疑問句的否定回答用neednt或dont have to, 而不用 mustnt. 因為mustnt表示“不可能，禁止”，語氣比較強硬提到must,就不得不講到它和have to的對比。 1) 二者都有“必須”的意思，have to表示客觀上的需要，有被迫的意為，表示

19、“不得不.”；must表示說話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。 ex: My brother is ill, so I have to call the doctor in the middle of the night. I must work hard for my future. 2) have to有人稱、時態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)上的變化，而must只有一種形式。 have to had to I have to/she has to ex: He had to look after his sister, because his parents were not at home yesterda

20、y. 3) 在否定形式中，“dont have to”表示“不必”,“musnt”表示“禁止” ex: You dont have to tell him this news. 你不必告訴他這個消息。 You musnt tell him this news. 你一定不要告訴他這個消息。4. shall的用法 1)shall常用于第一人稱，表示簡單的將來，構(gòu)成將來時態(tài)。(助詞) ex: I shall think it over and let you know my idea. When shall we meet again? We shall have a good time in th

21、e park. 2) shall用于第一人稱，還可以表示征求對方的意愿。 ex: What shall we do this evening? Shall we go to the movies? 3) shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵尽?ex: Shall we begin our lesson?（征求意見） When shall he be able to leave the hospital?（請示） 4) shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 ex: You shall fail if you dont wor

22、k harder. (警告) He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允諾) You shall get a bike as your birthday. (允諾) He shall be punished. (威脅) shall實際上是一個情態(tài)助詞，表示“將要、要不要、應(yīng)該”等意義，語氣比較委婉，用于疑問句時意思為“干.好嗎？”“要不要.”5. should的用法 1）表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任 You should work hard and take care of your family. Visitors shoud obey the rul

23、es of the zoo. 2）表示勸告或推薦 He should stop smoking. You shouldnt leave the baby alone in the house. They should have called the police. 3）表示假設(shè)的結(jié)果(可簡略) We should move to a large house if we had money. 6 ought to的用法1、ought to比should語氣強烈，一般用于肯定句和否定句。1) （表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)等）應(yīng)當、應(yīng)該 You ought to work harder than that.2)

24、 （表示勸告、建議等）應(yīng)該，該 You dont look well. You ought to go to see the doctor.3) （表示猜測、期望等）總應(yīng)該，理應(yīng) It ought to be a fine day tomorrow morning.7、will的用法 作情態(tài)動詞： 1）（表示意愿、意志）愿、要 ex: You will come, wont you? 你會來的，是不是？ I will do my best to help you. 2）（表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、不可避免性）經(jīng)常，慣于，總是 ex： These things will happen. People

25、will talk. 人總會說閑話。 Water will boil at 100. 3）表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟儐枌Ψ降囊庖?，意思為“?好嗎、你愿.嗎” ex： Will you join us? 你愿意加入我們嗎？ Wont you sit down? 你不坐下嗎？ 4）表示說話人的猜測，意為“大概” ex: That will be the book you want. 那大概是你要的書。 Ask him, he will know. 問他吧，他應(yīng)該知道。 5）表命令或指示 ex： No one will leave the examination room before 12 o

26、clock. 任何人不得在12點之前離開考場。 6）表示許諾、指示、叮囑等 ex: You will have your share. 你會得到你的那一份。 7）表執(zhí)意 ex: He will do these things! 他總是愛干這樣的事！would的用法would與will的用法類似，是will的過去式，但在表示征求意見或提出請求時，will和would都可用，would此時不表示過去，而是表示委婉的語氣（此時主要用于第二人稱的疑問句中） ex:Wont you take off your coat?你要不要把大衣脫掉？ Will/Would you please post the letter for me?請幫我寄了這封信好嗎？一、圈出正確答案。1）Lucyshouldherhomeworknow.A.finishesB.finishingC.finishedD.finish2）Mymotherwouldbacksoon.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.willco