四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空課件

1、2013選詞填空 Banked Cloze四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空篇章層次的詞匯理解 (選詞填空 Banked Cloze) 220個(gè)單詞左右的文章，在文章當(dāng)中去除了10個(gè)單詞從15個(gè)單詞選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的單詞填入文章四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空出題特點(diǎn)1. 考查學(xué)生綜合語言運(yùn)用能力以詞匯、語法、閱讀為基礎(chǔ)把握文章主題、大意、作者的觀點(diǎn)了解全文的結(jié)構(gòu)、思路了解各段內(nèi)的行文邏輯注意句意的起、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合把握語法結(jié)構(gòu)了解所列單詞的詞性和基本搭配 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空出題特點(diǎn)2. 考查詞匯運(yùn)用能力詞義辨析：同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或形近易混詞固定搭配：動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞的固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法句子

2、之間的邏輯關(guān)系：列舉、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)照、補(bǔ)充、時(shí)間順序、目的、條件等不同邏輯關(guān)系的連接詞詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)：以原詞、指代詞、同義詞、反義詞、概括詞等重現(xiàn)在整篇文章的前后。四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空解題步驟 1)首先跳讀skim全文，抓住中心根據(jù)首段原則以及首末句原則，迅速抓出文章的主題。判定文章主題對(duì)于篇章的整體把握具有很大的積極意義。2)接著閱讀詞匯選項(xiàng)，詞性分類歸納仔細(xì)閱讀詞匯選項(xiàng)。因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)給我們的僅僅是一個(gè)單詞，而非句子或者語段，所以考試難度就大大下降了。我們應(yīng)該根據(jù)詞性把每個(gè)單詞進(jìn)行分類歸納,標(biāo)出詞性。如名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、連詞各有幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)。3)然后瞻前顧后，靈活選擇根

3、據(jù)空格中應(yīng)填入的詞性，大大縮小選擇范圍。根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)在邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)、意義等選擇合適的選項(xiàng)填空:用法搭配、詞的褒貶色彩，平行結(jié)構(gòu)，單復(fù)數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)、等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及排除法選出唯一正確的。4) 最后復(fù)讀全文，謹(jǐn)慎調(diào)整填空完成后，再次復(fù)讀全文，自我感覺上下文是否通順、內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系是否連貫。如有問題，要謹(jǐn)慎的微作調(diào)整。四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空解題技巧：6點(diǎn) 1) 判定詞性時(shí)可以重點(diǎn)分析動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，即哪幾個(gè)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，哪幾個(gè)是過去時(shí)或者過去分詞。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)的原則，進(jìn)一步縮小選擇范圍。2) 如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)指示代詞時(shí)，往往該選項(xiàng)不能放在首句，要注意指代成立的條件。3) 如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)一組反義詞時(shí)，往往有一個(gè)是

4、干擾選項(xiàng)，它注重考察的是對(duì)于文章框架結(jié)構(gòu)的理解，要求理解整篇文章的語境色彩。四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空解題技巧 4) 如果選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)一組近義詞時(shí)，往往也有一個(gè)是干擾選項(xiàng)，它注重考察的是詞匯的精確理解，要求分析清楚其細(xì)微的區(qū)別。5) 如果選項(xiàng)為連詞時(shí)，要關(guān)注上下句內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系。常見的邏輯關(guān)系有：因果，并列平行，遞進(jìn)，強(qiáng)對(duì)比，前后意思一致等。6) 要有總體觀，不必按順序作題。先把自己最有把握的詞選出，然后刪除該選項(xiàng)，為吃不準(zhǔn)的選項(xiàng)縮小選擇范圍。四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空樣題解析 首先跳讀全文，抓住文章中心Dream is a way for the subconscious to communi

5、cate with the 36 mind. Dreaming of something youre worried about is the brains way of helping you rehearse for a disaster if it occurs. Dreaming of a challenge, like giving a presentation at work or playing sports, can enhance your 37 . And cognitive neuroscientists have discovered that dreams and t

6、he rapid eye movement while youre dreaming are 38 to our ability to learn and remember. Dreaming is a “mood regulatory system,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chairman of the psychology 39 at Rush University Medical Center. Shes found that dreams help people work through the days emotional quandaries. “I

7、ts like having a built-in therapist,” says Cartwright. While we 40 , dreams compare new emotional experience to old memories, creating plaid-like patterns of old images laid on top of new ones. As she puts it, “You may wake up and think What was Uncle Harry doing in my dream? I havent seen him for 5

8、0 years. But the old and new images are 41 related.” Its the job of the conscious mind to figure out the relationship. In fact, dream emotions can help real therapists treat patients 42 traumatic life events. In a study of 30 divorced adults, Cartwright tracked their dreams 43 a five-month period, s

9、he discovered those who were angriest at the spouse while dreaming had the best chance of successfully coping with divorce. “If their dreams were bland,” Cartwright says, “they hadnt started to work through their emotions and 44 the divorce.” For therapists, this finding will help 45 if the divorced

10、 need counseling or have already dreamed their troubles away.四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空其次細(xì)察并標(biāo)出備選詞詞性 p6A) deal with v. I) determine v. B) physically ad. J) sleep v./n. C) wake v./n. K) department n. D) performance n. L) conscious a. E) unconscious a. M) presentation n. F) undergoing ing/a. /n-ing N) linked ed/a.

11、G) experience v./n. O) emotionally ad. H) over prep./ad./ a./v.具體分析做題四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 Dream is a way for the subconscious to communicate with the 36 mind. Dreaming of something youre worried about is the brains way of helping you rehearse for a disaster if it occurs. Dreaming of a challenge, like givin

12、g a presentation at work or playing sports, can enhance your 37 . A) deal with v. I) determine v. B) physically ad. J) sleep v./n. C) wake v./n. K) department n. D) performance n. L) conscious a. E) unconscious a. M) presentation n. F) undergoing 現(xiàn)分/a. /動(dòng)名 N) linked 過分/a. G) experience v./n. O) emot

13、ionally ad. H) over prep./ad./ a./v.36. 形. unconscious and conscious 為一對(duì)反義詞；而 unconscious（無意識(shí)的；失去知覺的 ）為干擾項(xiàng).因此，答案為L) conscious37. 名. D) performance 表現(xiàn)四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 And cognitive neuroscientists have discovered that dreams and the rapid eye movement while youre dreaming are 38 to our ability to learn

14、and remember. Dreaming is a “mood regulatory system,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chairman of the psychology 39 at Rush University Medical Center. Shes found that dreams help people work through the days emotional quandaries. A) deal with v. I) determine v. B) physically ad. J) sleep v./n. C) wake v./

15、n. K) department n. D) performance n. L) conscious a. E) unconscious a. M) presentation n. F) undergoing 現(xiàn)分/a. /動(dòng)名 N) linked 過分/a. G) experience v./n. O) emotionally ad. H) over prep./ad./ a./v.38. 形或分詞作表語, 與有關(guān)聯(lián) N) (be) linked to39. n. 大學(xué)的系、部 K) department四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 While we 40 , dreams compare n

16、ew emotional experience to old memories, creating plaid-like patterns of old images laid on top of new ones. As she puts it, “You may wake up and think What was Uncle Harry doing in my dream? I havent seen him for 50 years. But the old and new images are 41 related.” Its the job of the conscious min

17、d to figure out the relationship. A) deal with v. I) determine v. B) physically ad. J) sleep v./n. C) wake v./n. K) department n. D) performance n. L) conscious a. E) unconscious a. M) presentation n. F) undergoing 現(xiàn)分/a. /動(dòng)名 N) linked 過分/a. G) experience v./n. O) emotionally ad. H) over prep./ad./ a

18、./v.40. 此處缺少動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)詞，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，wake /sleep一對(duì)反義詞 J) sleep41. adv. physically/emotionally 一對(duì)反義詞 O) emotionally四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 In fact, dream emotions can help real therapists treat patients 42 traumatic life events. In a study of 30 divorced adults, Cartwright tracked their dreams 43 a five-month period, sh

19、e discovered those who were angriest at the spouse while dreaming had the best chance of successfully coping with divorce. A) deal with v. I) determine v. B) physically ad. J) sleep v./n. C) wake v./n. K) department n. D) performance n. L) conscious a. E) unconscious a. M) presentation n. F) undergo

20、ing 現(xiàn)分/a. /動(dòng)名 N) linked 過分/a. G) experience v./n. O) emotionally ad. H) over prep./ad./ a./v.42. 分詞作定語，只有 F) undergoing43. 介詞，在時(shí)間名詞前， 只有H）over四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 “If their dreams were bland,” Cartwright says, “they hadnt started to work through their emotions and 44 the divorce.” For therapists, this find

21、ing will help 45 if the divorced need counseling or have already dreamed their troubles away.A) deal with v. I) determine v. B) physically ad. J) sleep v./n. C) wake v./n. K) department n. D) performance n. L) conscious a. E) unconscious a. M) presentation n. F) undergoing 現(xiàn)分/a. /動(dòng)名 N) linked 過分/a.

22、G) experience v./n. O) emotionally ad. H) over prep./ad./ a./v.44.前文有動(dòng)詞不定式，并列關(guān)系，動(dòng)詞原形 A) deal with45. 動(dòng)詞原形或名詞，if or 表選擇，需要做決定，I) determine四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空本文的參考答案為：36. L 37.D 38.N 39.K 40.J 41. O 42. F 43. H44. A 45. I 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空Test Six P65A) responsible I) compare B) referenceJ) method C) capacity K

23、) findD) added L) ability E) indirect M) useful F) successfulN) BasicallyG) combinedO) NecessarilyH) adopt annedaaedvvnvnaadad四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. The Accounts Department is 36 for calculations of pay, while the Per

24、sonnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to 37 a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm decide on a 38 of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be 39 that new pay structure will nee

25、d agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in “points”, which are 40 together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher managemen

26、t, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their 41 to solve problems. Due to the difficulty in measuring management work, job grades for managers are often decided without 42 to an evaluation system based on points.四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 In atte

27、mpt to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should 43 the value of each job with these in the job market. 44 , payment for a job should vary with any difference in the way the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with hands, monetary encourageme

28、nt schemes are often chosen, for 45 workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 The Accounts Department is 36 for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.A) responsible I) com

29、pareB) referenceJ) methodC) capacity K) findD) added L) abilityE) indirect M) usefulF) successfulN) BasicallyG) combinedO) NecessarilyH) adopt 此處缺少一個(gè)形容詞性的成分，而且可以與for搭配A. responsible四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 If a firm wants to 37 a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm decide on a 38 of jo

30、b evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. A) responsible I) compareB) referenceJ) methodC) capacity K) findD) added L) abilityE) indirect M) usefulF) successfulN) BasicallyG) combinedO) NecessarilyH) adopt 37. 動(dòng)詞原形。1. compare 2. find 3. adopt H. adopt (根據(jù)意思）38. 名詞，而且可以與“a”

31、搭配。1. capacity 2. ability 3. reference 4. method J. method 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 In order to be 39 that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is gi

32、ven a value, usually in “points”, which are 40 together to give a total value for the job. A) responsible I) compareB) referenceJ) methodC) capacity K) findD) added L) abilityE) indirect M) usefulF) successfulN) BasicallyG) combinedO) NecessarilyH) adopt 形容詞。useful/ successful/ indirect/ added/ comb

33、ined. F. successful. (意思）動(dòng)詞，ed形式。added/ combined. （total:相加，總） D. added四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their 41 to solve problems. Due to the difficulty in measuring management work

34、, job grades for managers are often decided without 42 to an evaluation system based on points.A) responsible I) compareB) referenceJ) methodC) capacity K) findD) added L) abilityE) indirect M) usefulF) successfulN) BasicallyG) combinedO) NecessarilyH) adopt 名詞。(solve problem) : ability/capacity L.

35、ability (capacity:理解，接受能力）名詞。 without reference to. B. reference 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 In attempt to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should 43 the value of each job with these in the job market. 44 , payment for a job should vary with any difference in the way the job is performed. Where it is

36、 simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for 45 workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. A) responsible I) compareB) referenceJ) methodC) capacity K) findD) added L) abilityE) indir

37、ect M) usefulF) successfulN) BasicallyG) combinedO) NecessarilyH) adopt 動(dòng)詞(原形）。搭配withfind/compare I. compare 狀語。副詞。Basically, Necessarily 必須地，（意思） O.形容詞（比較work done with hands)indirect 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空Test Seven A) characterI) recallB) practicalJ) similarlyC) lose K) changeD) expect L) popularE) profes

38、sionalM) individualityF) ordinary N) differentlyG) get O) inspireH) skill四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so 36 in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is

39、that in the eyes of most people they look more 37 than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to 38 superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to 39 more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the 40 of a garage mec

40、hanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to 41 professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many 42 benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more

41、durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of 43 experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without 44 , until retir

42、ement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act 45 , on the job at least.四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空36. 形容詞 (so)37. 形容詞 （more than)38. 動(dòng)詞 （be conditioned to be sth 習(xí)慣于）39. 動(dòng)詞（tends to do) 40. 名詞（theof) 41. 動(dòng)詞 （to do) （step out of uniform)42. 形容詞 43. 名詞（loss of ) (variety ) 44. 名詞 （without ) (any

43、 particular type) 45. 副詞 （alike) 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空Test Eight P89 A) appear I) descriptionB) degreeJ) tallC) hobby K) availableD) fetched L) totallyE) consider M) differentF) full N) backgroundG) alone O) cluesH) taken 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 Nowadays, is it possible to tell a persons class just by looking at him?

44、 Physical details 36 tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago, the working classes very often looked unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often 37 , sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and w

45、orking conditions have improved, and such 38 would no longer be so true. The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their 39 . The most obvious way is the amount of money spent on them. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer is rich. Clothes can provide

46、other 40 as well. The upper classes 41 to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colors, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colors, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation f

47、or this would be that color and interest are missing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is 42 . Clothes are 43 at a price within most peoples reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good, and show some 44 of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are star

48、ted by the lower working class people who want to look 45 and feel important. They want people to look at them.四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空36. 副詞 37.形容詞 （small 相反) 38.名詞 （such指代）39.名詞 40.名詞 (information 相近）41.動(dòng)詞 （與下一句lower, upper classes)42. 動(dòng)詞 ed ( v opportunity) 動(dòng)賓43. 形容詞 (reach) 44. 名詞 (不可數(shù)，some) 45 形容詞 (new fa

49、shions, feel important）四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空Test Nine P101A) detection I) averageB) developing J) sharedC) reason K) monitorD) distributed L) resultsE) dramaticallyM) symbolsF) including N) consequentlyG) symptoms O) commonH) basis 四級(jí)培訓(xùn)閱讀技巧篇選詞填空 It is the first question parents ask when their child is diagn

50、osed with autism(自閉癥). Will his future brothers or sisters have a higher risk of 36 it, too? According to the largest study of siblings in families with autism, the answer is yes. Among 664 children who had at least one older sibling with the developmental disorder, the 37 risk of autism was nearly

51、19%, 38 higher than previous sibling-recurrence estimates that were anywhere from 3% to 10%. Kids with more than one older autistic sibling had an even higher risk of the disorder:32%. The 39 suggest that genes play a key role in autism risk. But they also hint that other environmental factors 40 by siblings, like influences in the womb, may be important as well. On the 41 of the findings, the researchers recomme