初中英語八大時(shí)態(tài)的課件

1、初中英語八大時(shí)態(tài)的課件1、The Simple Present Tense 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài) 教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) 常與every day , on Sundays, sometimes , often ，usually ,always,等連用結(jié)構(gòu) ： 1、主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Eg. I have a meeting on Sundays . They visit their parents once a month.注: 主語(三單)+ 動(dòng)詞(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)+其他 Eg.She likes it very much.She usually goes to sc

2、hool at 7 oclock every morning. 動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式 在動(dòng)詞后+s在以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞+es以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞， 先變y 為i，再加es 特殊 have-has 等 helpguessflymake leavefixswimknow playclosegostudygetread bring watch寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式carry do washvisit exercise enjoy jump havesiesessessssessiesssshasesssesssesiess一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定式 be + not dont do

3、 / doesnt doII 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定式1.Be 動(dòng)詞的否定式: be + notI am a teacher. You are a workerShe is a doctorWe are friends.Im not a teacherYou arent a workerShe isnt a doctor.We arent friends.is not=isntare not=arent 否定句2.當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)第三人稱時(shí)，它與助動(dòng)詞Does有關(guān)，但是動(dòng)詞謂語一定要恢復(fù)為原形。當(dāng)主語是其他人稱時(shí)，它與助動(dòng)詞Do有關(guān)。I like English.She likes it very mu

4、ch.We go to work by bike.I dont like English.She doesnt like it very much.We dont go to work by bike.否定句概念：用 yes 或 no 來回答的疑問句叫做一般疑問句。一般疑問句句首的第一個(gè)詞一般讀得比較重。III一般疑問句1.對(duì)于be 動(dòng)詞，疑問句要求把be 提前，第一人稱變成第二人稱。疑問句I am a teacher.Are you a teacher?You are a worker.Are you a worker?He is a student.Is he a student?We a

5、re friends.Are you friends?2.對(duì)于實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，疑問句要求是：當(dāng)主語是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)時(shí)，句子前面加does，并把動(dòng)詞恢復(fù)原形；當(dāng)主語是其他人稱時(shí)，句前加do ，第一人稱(I/we) 換第二人稱(you)。I often go there.You like the music.He goes to work by bus .We /You/They like it.Do you often go there ?Do you like the music.?Does he go to work by bus ?Do you/they like it?1

6、.He has a meeting on Sundays .2.He goes to school at seven in the morning .3.My father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays.4.We do our homework after school. 把下列句子改為一般疑問句Does he have a meeting on Sundays ?Does he go to school at seven in the morning?Do your father and mother go out for lunch on S

7、undays ?Do you do your homework after school ?exercise把下列句子改為否定句1.My father has an egg for breakfast .2.Li Lei does his homework after school.3.We do our homework at home.4.They have a meeting every morning .My father doesnt have an egg for breakfast .Li Lei doesnt do his homework after school.We do

8、nt do our homework at home .They dont have a meeting every morning .1.We often _ (play) in the playground.2. He _ (get) up at six oclock.3. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning? 4.What _ he usually_ (do) after school?5.Danny_ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6.Mike some

9、times _(go) to the park with his sister.7.She _ (watch) TV with his parents every evening.8._ Mike _(read) English every day? 用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式及助動(dòng)詞填空playgetsDo brushdoes dostudiesgoeswatchesDoes read 2、一般過去時(shí)The Simple Present Tense教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)指動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去有時(shí)候會(huì)有例如yesterday, last year等表示 過去時(shí)間的標(biāo)志一般過去時(shí)主要要注意動(dòng)詞的變

10、化be動(dòng)詞和實(shí)意動(dòng)詞含有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去式She is in Beijing.She was in Beijing .I am a student.I was a student.We are friends.We were friends. 含有be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變一般過去時(shí),把is和am改成was,把a(bǔ)re改成were練習(xí):1. She is a teacher. She _a teacher.2. They are from Japan. They _ from Japan. I am very tired. I _ very tired. He is too young to go

11、 to school. He _too young to go to school. 5. You are late for school. You _late for school. waswerewaswaswere不含be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí) 不含be動(dòng)詞的句子改寫成一般過去時(shí)，把句子中的動(dòng)詞改為過去式形式。通常有五種寫法。I work in this city.I worked in this city last year.They live in Shanghai .They lived in Shanghai last year.動(dòng)詞過去式的寫法：一般情況，在動(dòng)詞末尾加ed動(dòng)詞以e結(jié)尾

12、的，直接在詞尾加d3、 輔音加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .Study,copyCry ,fly 4、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫詞尾字母加ed she stops. she stopped.5 、特殊 I go to school by bike every day. I went to school by bike yesterday.例如：have/hashad, go-went, eat-ate, say-said thinkthought, come-came不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞練習(xí)I think you are right

13、.I thought you were right.She eats an apple every week.She ate an apple an hour ago.3、一般將來時(shí)The Future Simple Tense 教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)一般將來時(shí)相對(duì)于講話時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況2.時(shí)間狀語（判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）：tomorrow 明天next week 下周the day after tomorrow 后天soon 不久in the future 在將來in+一段時(shí)間 多久之后才. The Future Simple Tense 1.will+動(dòng)詞原形 (I /we shall)2.be goi

14、ng to+動(dòng)詞原形3.be+v-ing4.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來結(jié)構(gòu)1.will/shallv原形表示一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，“要,會(huì)”Eg. 1) She will go to the park tomorrow. 2) I will return home as soon as I finish my task.2、be going to + v原形表示打算做某事表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。- What _do this evening?- I am going to do my lessons. 看那些烏云要下雨了. Loot at the dark clouds. It _rain.

15、 is going toare you going to3. be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take off等動(dòng)詞可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示安排和計(jì)劃或即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。我們明天動(dòng)身去青島.Were leaving for Qingdao. 6.表示與生日,日歷,課時(shí)安排或交通時(shí)刻表有關(guān)的動(dòng)作(一種規(guī)律) ，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)態(tài) 常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞如： ( begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close ）Eg. 1、The even

16、ing class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at two.If 條件句中，動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。If we hurry, we may catch the bus.如果我們快點(diǎn)的話，我們也許會(huì)趕上公交車 If it rains tomorrow, the travel will be canceled.如果明天下雨的話，旅游將取消。1. What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite earl

17、y, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go Exercise:2. My younger brother _be 15 years old next year. A. is going to B. will C. is to D. should 1. The agreement _ come into force next year. Im not feeling well, and I _ go to

18、see a doctor. If you_ _(dont pass) the exam, you will be criticized by your parents.willwilldont pass5.How _ you _ spend your holiday? Ive decided to repaint this room. Oh, have you? What colour _ you _ paint it? The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden. Thats a good idea. I _ join

19、 you.willaregoing toaregoing to4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Review of the Present Continuous Tense教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：知識(shí)要點(diǎn)：一.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義: 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示現(xiàn)在、說話瞬間或當(dāng)前一直正在做著的動(dòng)作.Eg: 1. Jenny is watching TV now. 2.I am writing.五.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的判斷：（1）一般句中用到表示“在現(xiàn)在”的時(shí)間狀語，如：now, right now, at the moment 或Its+幾點(diǎn)鐘”句型，常判斷用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg:Lets go fast .Mr. Wu is waiting fo

20、r us now.Its six oclock.The children are playing basketball.(2)句中用到“Listen！” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Dont make noise!”等提示語時(shí)，表明說話間另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，這時(shí)，句子也要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office. She readisingnow.Listen! The birdis singing.二.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語結(jié)構(gòu): 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為:am/is/are +現(xiàn)在分詞.Am/is/

21、are 在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)句子謂語結(jié)構(gòu)中作助動(dòng)詞用，無詞義。Am/is/are的選擇運(yùn)用由句子的主語人稱或數(shù)決定。A: I am watching TV at home.B: Dave is cleaning the floor.C: The students are seeing a movie.2.將現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，在be動(dòng)詞后面加上not. Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher.The children are eating some apples at my home. -Steve isnt talking to his teacher.-T

22、he children arent eating any apples at my home.四.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式轉(zhuǎn)換：1.將一個(gè)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r(shí)，將句中的is或are提到句首。Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher . I am singing. -Is Steve talking to his teacher?-Are you singing?Talk about the people in the picture.Whats he doing?Hes reading.* What are they doing?*They are play

23、ing basketball. 5、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)Review of the Past Continuous Tense教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)相仿，表示過去某時(shí)刻或階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：be（過去式）+v.ingEg. I was reading a novel when you called.你打 時(shí)我正在看一本小說。exerciseDanny _ _(watch) TV, when you sang.I _ _ _ _(play computer game) at this time yesterday.was watchingwas playing com

24、puter game6、將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：will / shall +be+v.ingEg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一會(huì)兒我們就吃飯。 Danny will be playing football an hour later. Danny 一會(huì)兒將會(huì)在打球。Have a try試一試:He_ (watch) TV now.I _(swim) at this time yesterday.She _(see) the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tom

25、orrow.is watchingwas swimmingwill be seeingTranslate翻譯他們一會(huì)兒就開會(huì)。 They will be having a meeting. 我一會(huì)兒就洗衣服。 I will be washing clothes.7、 The Present Perfect Tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間副詞 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等狀語連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞have (has) + V過去分詞注

26、：has 用于第三人稱單數(shù)，have 用于其他所有人稱。否定句：have/has+ not +V過去分詞Eg. He has never heard of that before. I have worked here for 20 years. She has already finished the work.My aunt havent lived in China for 3 years.2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎狙永m(xù)的時(shí)間狀語連用。 如for、since 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語。（注意：句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）一段時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法

27、有兩種:for: +一段時(shí)間 for a year for two weeks for three years 過去的某一時(shí)刻, since 9 oclock since last week 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語從句 since you came since you got home.注意:for 和since 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語都表示一段時(shí)間.Since注意點(diǎn)（1）：一些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如come, go, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, become等不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，這些動(dòng)作需用表示狀態(tài)的詞連用。I have had this coat

28、 for one year. 試比較：1） I have bought this coat for one year.轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞歸納1.直接轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /becomehavehave a coldkeepbe2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞 join the army join the Party go to school be a soldier be a Party memberbe a student3轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞 die finish begin leave fall sleep close ope

29、nbe deadbe overbe onbe awaybe asleep be closedbe open4.轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+介詞短語 go to school join the armybe in schoolbe in the army2) My uncle has come back for 2 days.My uncle has been back for 2 days.3) The train has left for an hour.The train has been away for an hour.4) The twin brothers have joined the arm

30、y for 2 years.The twin brothers have been in the army for 2 years.注意點(diǎn)（2）have been to 與have gone to 的區(qū)別。（3） have been (to)和have gone (to)的區(qū)別： have / has been (to) 表示“曾經(jīng)到過某地”，說話時(shí)此人不在那里，已經(jīng)回來。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷。have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已經(jīng)去某地了”，說話時(shí)此人可能在路上或已到那里.試比較： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去過北京。 （人已回來，可能在這兒） He has

31、 gone to Beijing. 他已經(jīng)去北京了。 （人已走，不在這兒）。一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之比較一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況。分析比較 I saw this film yesterday. （只說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。） I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） She has returned from Paris.（她已從巴黎回來了。） She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回來的。） H

32、e has been in the League for three years. (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團(tuán)，joined為短暫行為。)注意：句子中如有一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過去時(shí)。例如：（錯(cuò)）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（對(duì)）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Exercises ( )

33、 1. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch( )2. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live( )3. His grandma _ for two years. A. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead BBD( )4. Wher

34、e is Han Mei now? She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone( )5. _ you _to the United Stated ? No, never,but I went to Canada a few years agoA. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go( )6. How long have you _ the football team of the school?A.

35、 played B. been at C. joined D been on AAD( )7. Where have you _ these days? I have _ to Kunming with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone( )8. How long have you _ this book?A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent( )9. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? Yes, I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, sawBCD（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)My daughter _(go) out.I _(hear) from her these days.(改為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句)They _(leave) for two years.The old man _(die) for 4 months.We _(see) you recently.(否定句）has been gonehavent