句子成分與五種句子類型

1、句子成分和五種句子類型第一張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月句子成分的構(gòu)成句子的主要成分：主語、謂語、賓語、表語句子的次要成分：定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語、同位語、插入語第二張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 I saw my friend Tom standing at the station.主語謂語定語賓語同位語狀語賓語補(bǔ)足語第三張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月主語(subject)1. 主語是句子所要說明的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的主體.2.一般在句首。3. 一般由名詞，代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語充當(dāng)。 1. We study in LianPing Middle School. 2

2、.Our classroom is very clean. 3.To teach you English is my job. 4.Surfing, diving and swimming are all water sports. 5.Four plus four is eight. 6.What you said made me sad. 7.The young should respect the old.8.It made me excited that dad bought me a computer.代詞名詞不定式動(dòng)名詞數(shù)詞從句the+adj.it作形式主語第四張，PPT共二十一頁

3、，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月歷屆高考題和模擬題1.He made another wonderful discovery，_ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B.which I think it is C. which I think it D.I think which is A2_ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass（2000 上海）ATwo fifth; is BTwo fifth; are CTwo fifths; is DTwo fif

4、th; are C第五張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. (2009 江蘇) At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport _ that it will bring a lot of jobs tothe area.A. is B. are C. will be D. was4. (2009 湖南 ) Every evening after dinner, if not _ fromwork, I will spend some time walking my dog.A. being tired B. t

5、iring C. tired D. to be tired5. At the foot of the mountain_.A. a village lie B. lies a village C. lie a village D. does a village lie ACB第六張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6._fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A.What B.That C.This D.Which 7.It is prett

6、y well understood_controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A.that B.when C.what D.how BC第七張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月7. Listen ! _ is about the lessons we will have to finish today. It B. The one C. one D. The following8. (NMET95)_is a fact that English is being accepted as an

7、international language.A.There B.This C.That D.ItDD第八張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.謂語(verb)1. 表示主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2. 必須由動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)。3.一般在主語后面，和主語在人稱和數(shù)方面必須一致。謂語有簡(jiǎn)單謂語、復(fù)合謂語之分。(1) 簡(jiǎn)單謂語： 是由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組組成的。 She always studies hard.He often listens to music.(2) 復(fù)合謂語：是由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞”構(gòu)成.He can speak English.We have finished reading th

8、e book.I did see her yesterday.第九張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.表語(predicative)1. 說明主語的身份或特征。2. 位于在be動(dòng)詞, 系動(dòng)詞后面。1.You look younger than before.2.I am a teacher.3.Jim is out.4.Now they are at home.5.Im not quite myself today.6.He got lost in the forest.7.His hobby is swimming.8.My job is to teach you English.

9、9.The book is what I need.形容詞名詞副詞介詞短語反身代詞過去分詞動(dòng)名詞不定式從句第十張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 4.賓語(object)1. 表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或結(jié)果。2.用在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面.She is playing the piano. He often helps me. He likes to sleep in the open air. He is addicted to smoking. We enjoy living in China. 3.賓語包括直接賓語和間接賓語。 Please pass me the book.= Please

10、pass the book to me.He bought her some flowers.=He bought some flowers for her.第十一張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月5.賓語補(bǔ)足語(object complement)放在賓語后面,對(duì)賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明,與賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。I made my room beautiful.I can see her dancing there.He made himself known to them.She asked me to lend her my bike.Please make yourself at ho

11、me.Please keep the dog out.We call her Miss Zhang.形容詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞不定式介詞短語副詞名詞第十二張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月6.主語補(bǔ)足語(subject complement)對(duì)主語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài):1.We saw Tom dancing in his room.Tom was seen dancing in his room.2.They elected Jim monitor of their class.Jim was elected monitor of their class.3.We wil

12、l make our country strong.Our country will be made strong.第十三張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月定語(attribute)用來修飾名詞或代詞,起類似于形容詞的修飾作用.1.You are a clever boy.2.I want to tell you something important. 3.His father works in a shoe factory.4.There are 66 students in our class.5.Do you know bettys sister?6.There is a sl

13、eeping baby in bed.7.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.8.We have nothing to do. 9.His spoken English is good.10.The girl in red is his sister.11.Do you know the man who stands there?形容詞物主代詞數(shù)詞名詞所有格現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞介詞短語形容詞現(xiàn)在分詞短語從句不定式名詞第十四張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 狀語(adverbial)1. 修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞或副詞, 起類似于副詞的

14、作用 。2. 一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，目的，方式，程度，結(jié)果，條件，讓步和伴隨等意義。1.He did it carefully.2.She is very enthusiastic about it.3.He works extremely hard.4.He comes to see us every day.5.He is at the library looking up some information.6.Ill be back in a while.7.Without his help, we couldnt work it out. 8.He was late becau

15、se of the heavy rain.9.Please call me up if it is necessary.10.She was beautiful when she was a girl.第十五張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月同位語apposition對(duì)前面的名詞或代詞做進(jìn)一步解釋,說明它們的性質(zhì)和情況。1. Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. 2. I myself will do the experiment.3. She is the oldest among them six.4. The news that he is i

16、ll worries us.名詞反身代詞數(shù)詞從句第十六張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月插入語(parentheses) 對(duì)一句話進(jìn)行附加說明或解釋，通常由一個(gè)詞、一個(gè)短語或一個(gè)句子構(gòu)成，常置于句首、句中或句末，一般用逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)與句子隔開。1.Generally speaking, the more hard-working you are, the more likely you will succeed. 2.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately，neither of them could swim

17、. 3.Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard，in other words, you failed. 4.It is so nice to hear from her. Believe it or not ，we last met more than thirty years ago. 5. Strange to say, he should have done such a thing. 第十七張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月分析下列句子成分1. Everyone laughed

18、.2. The books pleased the girl.3. I am astonished.4. I heard him shouting.5. He bought his son some books.6.The young girl with long black hair is Kate.7.Stephen apologized at once.8.I have no idea when they will go. 9. I saw my friend Tom standing at the station.第十八張，PPT共二十一頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月簡(jiǎn)單句的五種句型1）SV 主語謂語eg. His father might have d