一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)態(tài)有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，叫主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：Wecleantheclassroom.我們打掃教室。主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，叫被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如：Theclassroomiscleaned（byus）.教室被（我們）打掃。、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+（by+賓語(yǔ)）其中by意為“被；由”，表動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如:Theglassisbrokenbythatboy.玻璃杯是那個(gè)男孩打破的。be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其肯定式、否定式、疑問式的變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。如:Englishiswidelyspokenaroundthew

2、orld.(肯定式)Englishisnotwidelyspokenaroundtheworld.(否定式)IsEnglishwidelyspokenaroundtheworld?(疑問式)Yes,itis./No,itisnt.、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：在沒有指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或者不知道動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者的情況下可用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:Thiscoatismadeofcotton.這件大衣是棉制的。要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:Herbikeisstolen.她的自行車被偷了。四、主、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)（+其它）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：主語(yǔ)+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+by+

3、賓語(yǔ)（+其它）主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)互轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變，但有人稱和數(shù)的變化。主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)是代詞的主格形式，變成被動(dòng)態(tài)by的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用賓格形式。主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)是代詞的賓格形式，變成被動(dòng)時(shí)，要轉(zhuǎn)換為主格。如：(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.Riceisgrown(bypeople)inthesouth.(2)Shetakescareofthebaby.Thebabyistakencareof(byher).含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+（by+賓語(yǔ)）如:Theworkcanbedone.這項(xiàng)工作很容易做。Otherplanetsmaybevisitedinth

4、efuture.將來其他的星球也會(huì)有人登陸。主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)如果是不帶to的不定式，在變被動(dòng)句時(shí)，要加上to.使役動(dòng)詞make/have/letsbdosth及感官動(dòng)詞see/hear/feel/noticesbtodosth如：theyheardagirlsinginthenextroom（bythem）.fagirlwasheardtosinginthenextroom（bythem）.五、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+（by+人代賓格）+其他eg.Englishisstudied(byus)everyday.否定句：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not

5、+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+（by+人代賓格）+其他eg.Englishisnotstudied(byus)everyday.疑問句：IsEnglishnotstudied(byus)everyday.?特殊疑問句：What/Where/When+am/is/are+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他?鞏固練習(xí)】把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。HecleanstheroomeverySunday.Farmersgrowriceinthesouth.PeopleinEnglandspeakEnglishWeplayfootballontheplaygroundeveryafternoon.DoyouoftenwatchT

6、Vathomeintheevening?ShedoesntfinishherhomeworkTheydontreadthatbook.Wheredotheywatchbasketballmatcheveryweek?WhatdoesTomstudy?Whendoyoulistentomusic?把被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變成主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。keysareusedforlocking.(we)Footballisplayed.(thestudents)Desksaremadeofwood.(workers)Chineseisnthadintheclassroom.(theteacher)Isthisbookreadeveryday?Wherearebikesmade(they)?Whatisdone?