觀點(diǎn)論證型作文解析課件

1、觀點(diǎn)論證型作文何 享Foreign Language School第1頁，共79頁。什么是觀點(diǎn)論證型作文？ 觀點(diǎn)論證型作文一般要求考生根據(jù)題目所給論點(diǎn)，按照提綱要求，通過擺事實(shí)、講道理的方式對論點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證。 第2頁，共79頁?；灸Ｊ降谝欢危含F(xiàn)象背景介紹+引出話題（公眾觀點(diǎn)+大概理由）；第二段：關(guān)于話題的相關(guān)因素（影響，作用，好處，危害或原因等）；第三段：陳述自己觀點(diǎn)或預(yù)期未來。 第3頁，共79頁。高分原則文章中必須有五個(gè)左右的銜接詞體現(xiàn)邏輯性。用詞盡量避免重復(fù)，體現(xiàn)語言的靈活和升級。盡量使用非陳述句式，如倒裝、被動(dòng)、虛擬語氣及插入語等。 第4頁，共79頁。例如：It pays to be h

2、onest當(dāng)前社會存在許多不誠實(shí)的現(xiàn)象誠實(shí)利人利己，做人應(yīng)該誠實(shí)第5頁，共79頁。寫作思路（三段式）：1. 提出觀點(diǎn)段引言句（背景）+主題句 （論點(diǎn)）+ 擴(kuò)展句（正確性表現(xiàn)）+結(jié)尾句2. 論證觀點(diǎn)段主題句 + 擴(kuò)展句一（論據(jù)一） + 擴(kuò)展句二（論據(jù)二） + 擴(kuò)展句三（論據(jù)三） 3. 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)段主題句 + 擴(kuò)展句（正確態(tài)度或做法） + 結(jié)尾句第6頁，共79頁。結(jié)構(gòu)模板： 論點(diǎn)背景. It is true that 論點(diǎn). No one can deny that 正確性表現(xiàn). Therefore, 重申論點(diǎn). Many remarkable reasons contribute to this

3、argument. First of all, 論據(jù)一. For example, 支持論據(jù)一的事例. Besides, 論據(jù)二. In addition，論據(jù)三. All mentioned above tell us that 重申觀點(diǎn). Therefore, there is no denying that 正確態(tài)度或做法. In a word, 觀點(diǎn)總結(jié). 第7頁，共79頁。范文：It pays to be honest Nowadays there still exist many dishonesties, such as cheating, over-charging, fake

4、 commodities, etc. , which ruin our moral life. It is true that being honest is not only beneficial to others but also to ourselves. No one can deny that honesty is a traditional virtue of Chinese people. Therefore, we should value honesty highly.第8頁，共79頁。It pays to be honest Many remarkable reasons

5、 contribute to this argument. First of all, honesty can build up a more stable society. For example, Singapore, which is a society of trustworthiness and integrity, has a comparatively low criminal rate. Whats more, honesty can make our life easier and more harmonious. Besides, only honest people ca

6、n be truly respected by others and can have more friends.第9頁，共79頁。It pays to be honest All mentioned above tells us that being honest is of benefit to both state and the individual. Therefore, there is no denying that we should foster the spirit of honesty and let dishonesty have no place to stay in

7、 our society. In a word, laying stress on honesty will become one of the public morals in our society.第10頁，共79頁。College Students Using Credit Cards越來越多年輕人開始使用信用卡你的看法第11頁，共79頁。Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to. Some people argue thatwhile others firmly hold that In my opinion, I thi

8、nk this question should be probed in depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because On the other hand, the second group In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in Otherwise 第12頁，共79頁。 Nowadays more and more people pay more attention to college students using credit cards_

9、. Some people argue that this will lead to a tendency of college students spending money without limitation while others firmly hold that college students are adults and they have the ability to choose whatever way of spending money第13頁，共79頁。 In my opinion, I think this question should be probed in

10、depth. On one hand, the first group is not totally correct because money in a credit card is not countless and the host bank has certain strict disciplines of using credit cards. On the other hand, the second group seems not quite right because there are really some college students who have no self

11、-control when it comes the spending of money.第14頁，共79頁。 In a word, we can see clearly that the key lies in college students self-control when they go shopping with credit cards. Otherwise the advantages of using credit cards may become a burden to them.第15頁，共79頁。TV Dating近年來電視相親節(jié)目很流行；有人反對，有人支持；我的看法第

12、16頁，共79頁。 Recently, TV dating shows produced by some of Chinas provincial satellite TV stations have become very popular. With the success of Jiangsu Satellite TVs “If You Are the One”, some other TV stations have been making their own dating programs. These programs have generated debate among the

13、viewers.第17頁，共79頁。 Some audiences think that these programs may have a bad effect on young people. They are worried about the money worship showed by a few female participants. Watched by millions, one female participant from Beijing once rejected a suitor by saying that she would rather cry in a BM

14、W than smile on a bicycle. 第18頁，共79頁。 Some other audiences support these programs. They hold that no TV shows can fully reflect social reality and that the money worship of a few participants does not represent mainstream Chinese society. People daring to express their love values in public should b

15、e considered as social progress.第19頁，共79頁。 In my opinion, the popularity of the TV dating programs can be employed as an opportunity to advocate positive values of love and marriage. After all, most people disapprove of the idea of money worship.第20頁，共79頁。Teenagers Studying Abroad現(xiàn)在有很多青年出國留學(xué)人們持有不同的觀

16、點(diǎn)我的看法第21頁，共79頁。 Nowadays there are more and more teenagers who choose to go abroad to study in high schools or even elementary schools. Many people, especially the parents, claim that it will certainly do good to their children, for the independent overseas life will teach them confidence and persev

17、erance. Moreover, the quality of overseas education is often higher, thus the child stands a better chance entering a better university and getting a better job in the future.第22頁，共79頁。 After careful consideration, I think the above view is more than biased. On one hand, early independent life is no

18、t necessarily good, if the child cant receive proper guidance and tender care from parents. On the other hand, the educational quality is also doubtful, some foreign schools caring more about money rather than quality. Who can guarantee they can adapt to the fierce domestic competition?第23頁，共79頁。 In

19、 light of the favorable benefits and unavoidable disadvantages, it seems necessary for young students to conduct a thorough investigation before going abroad.第24頁，共79頁。Will E-books replace Traditional Books?現(xiàn)在年輕人流行在網(wǎng)上看電子書籍有人認(rèn)為電子書籍會取代傳統(tǒng)書籍你的看法第25頁，共79頁。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? With the

20、mass production of electronic devices and application of new technologies, mankind has entered an “e” age. We have e-mails, e-tests, and e-books, and consequently, paper-based materials gradually vanish. Nowadays, e-books become extremely popular among youngsters, while traditional ones seem suffer

21、a great loss of their readers. 第26頁，共79頁。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? For some people, electronic and internet based books are convenient and accessible. Environmentalists even advocate the benefit of e-books on the ground of forest protection. E-books lovers even assert that traditional

22、books will disappear in the near future. 第27頁，共79頁。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? For me, reading experience is unique and rewarding. Nothing can be more thought-provoking than thumbing through a book bought years ago under a table lamp in a dark night. As to note-taking, scanning and skimm

23、ing, and portability, traditional books have advantages. Just as the invention of camera didnt put an end to the history of painting, traditional book are, and will still be, an intimate friend of readers. 第28頁，共79頁。Will E-books replace Traditional Books? 點(diǎn)評 ： 本文是觀點(diǎn)論證題型作文。 文章前半部分描述了電子書籍的普遍以及有人認(rèn)為電子書籍

24、會取代傳統(tǒng)書籍這一觀點(diǎn)，后面作者從自己的角度分析了對這一觀點(diǎn)的不認(rèn)可，認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)書籍有自己的優(yōu)勢，不會被電子書籍取代。 第29頁，共79頁。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality?大學(xué)生應(yīng)該打擊犯罪行為嗎？說說你的看法 第30頁，共79頁。Model (2)It becomes a common tendency these days for people to _. Many people are opposed to _ because they think_. They also argue that _.In my mi

25、nd, however, I cant agree with _. At the same time, _. In addition, _.In conclusion, _.第31頁，共79頁。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality? Nowadays, more and more college students are becoming enthusiastic about the healthy development of the society. They even participate in the fight

26、against the criminality at the risk of their lives, which has caused a loft of debate among the media. 第32頁，共79頁。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality? So far as I am concerned, the college students should be very careful in their combat against the criminality for several reasons. O

27、n the one hand, the college students should take their studies as the priority in the four-year campus life. And they need to concentrate on their development and improvement of the skills for a bright future career. Besides, the society has placed too much expectation on them. 第33頁，共79頁。Should Coll

28、ege Students Fight against the Criminality? On the other hand, the college students should deal with the criminality with more strategies. In other words, when they meet the criminals in real life, they can appeal to the authorities like the police for help. Only in this way can they fight effective

29、ly and protect themselves in the mean time. 第34頁，共79頁。Should College Students Fight against the Criminality? In conclusion, the college students are supposed to fight against the criminality in an effective but safe manner instead of risking their lives. 第35頁，共79頁。Should College Students Fight again

30、st the Criminality? 點(diǎn)評 ： 本篇文章屬于觀點(diǎn)論證型作文首段描述了大學(xué)生打擊犯罪行為這種行為，并給出作者自己的觀點(diǎn)大學(xué)生在打擊犯罪行為時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)深思熟慮，理智并機(jī)智得應(yīng)對罪犯。后面一段具體分析了原因，展開論證。最后總結(jié)自己的觀點(diǎn)。 第36頁，共79頁?，F(xiàn)象解釋型作文何 享Foreign Language School第37頁，共79頁。38Para 1：首先應(yīng)總述現(xiàn)象并描述其現(xiàn)狀；Nowadays / In recent years / In modern society, 總述現(xiàn)象, (which has(have) been brought into focus / whi

31、ch has(have) aroused great concern). / 現(xiàn)象 has become a serious problem. / What impresses us most today is 現(xiàn)象.現(xiàn)象表現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)象具體的體現(xiàn)或變化Moreover / In addition, 進(jìn)一步描述現(xiàn)象表現(xiàn)或變化.現(xiàn)象解釋型 第38頁，共79頁。39Para 2：在描述了現(xiàn)象之后，然后，分析這種現(xiàn)象的原因、相關(guān)因素或帶來的影響描述影響 Undoubtedly, 該現(xiàn)象has (have) brought a negative effect (influence) on 影響對象. / 該

32、現(xiàn)象 can bring damage to影響對象. / 現(xiàn)象所涉及的主題can benefit a lot from 該現(xiàn)象. Above all, 影響一. For example, 進(jìn)一步說明影響. Whats more, 影響二. In addition/Besides, 影響三.現(xiàn)象解釋型 第39頁，共79頁。40OR 說明原因 The reasons for this phenomenon are varied. / There are many factors contributing to (influencing)該現(xiàn)象或其相關(guān)情況. Among all these rea

33、sons (factors), 原因一 plays (play) a critical role.Moreover / /Furthermore / Whats more, 原因二.Besides, 原因三.現(xiàn)象解釋型 第40頁，共79頁。41Para 3：最后，闡述自己對該現(xiàn)象的看法或提出相關(guān)建議或希望做評價(jià) No doubt/From my point of view, 對該現(xiàn)象做出總體評價(jià). However, 可能存在的問題 / However, it is worth noting that 應(yīng)該注意的事項(xiàng). 進(jìn)一步描述問題或注意事項(xiàng). All in all / Therefore,

34、總結(jié)全文.現(xiàn)象解釋型 第41頁，共79頁。42OR 提建議 As for me / From my point of view / In my opinion, 對該現(xiàn)象做出整體評價(jià)、對現(xiàn)象的發(fā)展做出預(yù)測或提出建議(, but 指出注意事項(xiàng)/提出建議). For one thing, 評價(jià)一/建議一.For another, 評價(jià)二/建議二.To conclude / In a word, 總結(jié)全文.現(xiàn)象解釋型 第42頁，共79頁。43Secondhand Goods 例文講解Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to wr

35、ite a short essay on the topic of Secondhand Goods. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:目前購買二手貨的人越來越多分析產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因3. 二手貨交易可能帶來的問題第43頁，共79頁。44Secondhand Goods 例文講解目前購買二手貨的人越來越多分析產(chǎn)生這一現(xiàn)象的原因3. 二手貨交易可能帶來的問題Para 1: In recent years, secondhand transactions have become quite

36、common (which have been brought into focus/ which have aroused great concern).Para 2: There are many factors contributing to this phenomenon. / The following reasons can account for this phenomenon.Para 3: However, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.第44頁，共79頁。45Secondhand

37、Goods 例文講解Para 1: In recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common.Para 2: There are many factors contributing to this phenomenon. / The following reasons can account for this phenomenon.Para 3: However, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.price: cheaperth

38、ings itself: make good use of those goods which may be uselessTransaction platform: internet let the transactions become more convenient and quicker 沒有保障，得不到售后二手貨市場缺乏有效監(jiān)管，可能存在欺詐第45頁，共79頁。46Secondhand GoodsIn recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common. / Nowadays there are more a

39、nd more secondhand goods in the market, such as secondhand books, furniture, appliances, cars, and so on. / Why do so many people like to buy secondhand goods?The following reasons can account for this phenomenon. / Above all, secondhand goods are cheaper than new ones. This enables those people who

40、 have poor financial abilities to buy the things they want. / Moreover, secondhand goods transactions make it possible for people to make good use of the goods which may be useless in their hands. Besides, Internet provides a more convenient and quicker transaction platform for secondhand goods.Howe

41、ver, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions. / For one thing, the quality of secondhand goods can not be promised and you can not enjoy the good after-sale service. For another, secondhand goods market lacks enough supervision and management, and there exist many dishonest bus

42、iness activities. In a word, I think secondhand goods transaction is a good trading way, but it needs further perfection of the rules.第46頁，共79頁。47詞匯替換1.individuals，characters， folks替換（people ，persons）2. positive， favorable， rosy （美好的）， promising（有希望的）， perfect， pleasurable ， excellent， outstanding，

43、superior替換good3.dreadful， unfavorable， poor， adverse， ill （有害的）替換bad。 (如果bad做表語，可以有be less impressive替換)4.（an army of， an ocean of， a sea of， a multitude of ，a host of， many， if not most）替換many.5. a slice of， quiet a few ， several替換some6.harbor the idea that， take the attitude that，hold the view tha

44、t， it is widely shared that，it is universally acknowledged that）替換think7. affair ，business ，matter 替換thing第47頁，共79頁。48詞匯替換8. shared 代 common9. reap huge fruits 替換get many benefits ）10. for my part ，from my own perspective 替換 in my opinion11. Increasing（ly），growing 替換more and more12.little if anythin

45、g， 或little or nothing替換hardly13beneficial， rewarding替換helpful，14.shopper，client，consumer，purchaser， 替換customer15.exceedingly，extremely， intensely 替換very16.hardly necessary， hardly inevitable 替換 unnecessary， avoidable17.sth appeals to sb， sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替換sb take interest i

46、n / sb. be interested in18.capture ones attention替換attract ones attention.第48頁，共79頁。49詞匯替換19.facet，dimension，sphere代aspect20.be indicative of，be suggestive of，be fearful of代 indicate， suggest，fear21.give rise to，lead to，result in，trigger 替換cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 替換reasons for

47、 sth23. desire 替換want.24. pour attention into 替換pay attention to25 .bear in mind that 替換remember26. enjoy， possess 替換have27. interaction替換communication28. frown on sth替換 be against，disagree with sth29. to name only a few，as an example替換 for example，for instance30. next to / virtually impossible，替換ne

48、arly / almost impossible第49頁，共79頁。Attend Your Classes Regularly1.現(xiàn)在大學(xué)校園里，遲到、早退、曠課是常見的現(xiàn)象2.保證學(xué)生的出勤率對大學(xué)教育的重要性3.作為一個(gè)大學(xué)生應(yīng)該怎樣做第50頁，共79頁。51Attend your class regularlyNowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes. And still there are some stud

49、ents who slip out of the classroom before the class is over. Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly. First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning. That

50、 is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study. Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers ,too. Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the studen

51、ts. Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on. And some day well benefit fr

52、om it.第51頁，共79頁。College Students Job Hunting1.近幾年出現(xiàn)了大學(xué)生就業(yè)難的現(xiàn)象2.產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象的原因（如大學(xué)生追求的目標(biāo)過高，專業(yè)不對口等）3.如何解決這一問題（改變就業(yè)觀念，大學(xué)生再培訓(xùn)等） 第52頁，共79頁。53College students job hunting In recent years, college students find it increasingly difficult to get a job. It sounds strange since young college students are usually in

53、telligent, well-educated phenomenon, aspirant and eager to bring their talent into full play. Then what underlies the strange phenomenon?There are several reasons for this. To begin with, nowadays college students aim too high. All they want are “good” jobs which could offer good salary, comfortable

54、 working conditions, high social status among others. Consequently, most college students are unwilling to accept vacant jobs they consider not “good” enough. Another reason is that there is a big gap between the majors some students study in school and the demands of vacant jobs. So companies think

55、 some students are not fit for the jobs.Solution to the problem requires efforts on both the society and the students. The companies should value the students, talent and knowledge while the latter should not merely aim at material gains. They should be down-toearth in building up their career. Furt

56、hermore, they should face their weak points so as to improve themselves and be more competent.第53頁，共79頁。Chinas Food Safety1. 目前食品安全事件頻頻出現(xiàn)2. 造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因及保障食品安全的重要性 3. 應(yīng)該怎么做？第54頁，共79頁。55Chinas food safety Recently many problems concerning the safety of food have popped up. Therefore, food security has b

57、ecome a hot topic across society.Generally, three factors can account for this issue. First of all, it is profits that drive many food producers to commit illegal things. They aim to gain more money at the cost of consumers health. Secondly, the overuse of agricultural pesticide has resulted in the

58、degradation of food quality. The excessive pesticide bears enormous health hazard for people. In addition, some food producers inject hormones into domestic animals in order to make them grow more quickly and thus they can make more profits. As a result, peoples health has been seriously disturbed.A

59、ll in all, food safety is such a great concern, and the government and the authorities concerned should establish laws and implement them effectively to avoid producing toxic foods.第55頁，共79頁。對比選擇型作文何 享Foreign Language School第56頁，共79頁。Sample （2006年12月真題）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 m

60、inutes to write a short essay on the topic On the Spring Festival Gala. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1）許多人喜歡在除夕夜觀看春節(jié)晚會2）有些人提出取消春節(jié)晚會3）我的看法第57頁，共79頁。首先論述相反的兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，或分析評論某一社會現(xiàn)象的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，然后給出自己的見解和看法第一段：論述一些人對某一事物或現(xiàn)象的看法，或某一事物的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；第二段：論述另一些人對此事物或現(xiàn)象的看法，或某一事物的缺點(diǎn)；第三段：表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。