江蘇省2022年牛津譯林版中考定語從句講義

1、中考定語從句精講一、基本概念 在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。二、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞分為關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, whose, which, that)和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)，用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起連接作用。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞又在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分：關(guān)系代詞可作主語、賓語、定語，關(guān)系副詞可作狀語。注意：初中階段對(duì)于關(guān)系副詞只需了解作主語：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。關(guān)系

2、代詞that, who, which可在定語從句中作主語。I dont like the people who/that talk much but do little.The cars which/that are produced here sell very well.2. 作賓語：關(guān)系代詞that, who, whom, which可在定語從句中作賓語。The man that/who/whom you want to see has arrived.The book that/which my grandmother gave me is of great value.3. 作定語：

3、關(guān)系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語Whats the hobby of the child whose father is a famous actor?The magazine whose cover is colourful belongs to me.作狀語：關(guān)系副詞when在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語；where在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語；why在定語從句中作原因狀語Ill never forget the day when I first came here.This is the town where I was born.This is the reason why he was lat

4、e for school this morning. 三、注意點(diǎn)：1. 當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞所指代的先行詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞可以省略。He is the actor (who/whom/that) the fans have waited for a long time.2. when/where可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“介詞+ which”Ill never forget the day when I first came here.=Ill never forget the day on which I first came here.(on which=on the day)This is the to

5、wn where I was born.=This is the town in which I was born.(in which=in the town)3. 只能用that,不用which的情況： (1)當(dāng)先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時(shí)：all, much, little, few, none, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等 All that he said is true.All the people that were invited are pop stars.Can you give me examples that may s

6、upport your idea? Is there anything that I can do for you? There are no people that never make mistakes.(2)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時(shí) He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. The man is the very person that I saw yesterday.(3)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)This is the best book