第三版第一冊課后題答案

1、Unit1-SectionALanguageFocus-WordsinUseGiventhechaneetoshowhisability,heregained(confidenee)andbegantosucceedinschool.Itissodifficultto(explore)thebottomoftheoceanbecausesomepartsareverydeep.Itwasabout30secondsbeforeAlex(emerged)fromthewater;wewerequitescared.Weoften(assume)thatwhenotherpeopledothesa

2、methingsaswedo,theydothemforthesamereasons;butthisassumptionisnotalwaysreasonable.Thereiswidespreadconcernthattherisingunemploymentmay(pose)athreattosocialstability.Aftera(n)(comprehensive)physicalexam,mydoctorsaidIwasingoodconditionexceptthatmybloodpressurewasalittlehigh.ItiswellknownthatChinaisaco

3、untrywithrichnatural(resources)andaverybigpopulation.Somepeoplebelievethattheearthcan(yield)enoughfoodtosupportatleasttwiceitspresentpopulation.Sam(inherited)thegiftofimaginationfromhisfamily,buthelackedthedrivingpowertotakeaction.Abeethathasfoundhoneyisableto(transmit)tootherbeestheinformationtheyn

4、eedinordertocollectthehoney.WordBuilding1.cover1.uncover2.easy2.uneasy3.load3.unioad4.apply4.applicant5.resist5.resistant6.account6.accountant7.assistant7.assist8.simple8.simplify9.note9.notify10.quality10.qualify11.class11.classify1.Despitebeing(classified)asameat-eater,thepandahasadietthatisoverwh

5、elminglyvegetarian.Theyhavedevelopedcomputerizedsystemswhichwillgreatly(assist)alllibraryuserssothattheywillnotneedthehelpofothers.Changeshavebeenmadetotheconstructionrequirementsinthiscityinordertomakethebuildingsandhighwaysmore(resistant)toearthquakes.Afteratwo-monthinquiry,thepolicehave(uncovered

6、)thethreemensintentiontorobabankandhavearrestedthem.Consumerssaytheyare(uneasy)aboutusingtheircreditcardsovertheInternetbecausetheyareafraidofInterentfraud.Acollegedegreeandsomeworkingexperieneeshould(qualify)youforthejobadvertisedinthenewspaper.TheBritishshiparrivedattheportthismorningandis(unioadi

7、ng)itscontentsintheharbornow.Asahumanresourcesmanager,Iseemanyjob(applicants)whoaretechnicallyskilled,buthavebadattitudes.Theteacher(simplified)hisinstructionssothatthesmallchildrencouldunderstandhimbetter.Mymajorwasliterature.However,nowImworkinginafirmasa(n)(accountant),dealingwithnumberseveryday.

8、Thecommitteesdecisionwillbe(notified)toallemployeesnextweek.BankedClozeUniversitystudentscomefromdifferentpartsofthecountrywithvariouspurposes.However,acloserlookattheirreasonsforstudyingattheuniversitywillenableusto(1)(classify)themroughlyintothreegroups:thosewhohavea(n)(2)(passion)forlearning,thos

9、ewhowishto(3)(attain)abrightfuture,andthosewholearnwithnodefinitepurpose.Firstly,therearemanystudentswholearnsimplybecausethey(4)(pursue)theirgoaloflearning.SomereadawealthofBritishandAmericannovelsbecausetheyarekeenlyinterestedinliterature.Otherssitinfrontofthecomputerscreen,workingonanewprogram,(5

10、)(virtually)dayandnight,becausetheyfindsomecomputerprograms(6)(fascinating),andtheydreamofbecomingaBillGatesoneday.Secondly,therearestudentswhoworkhardmainlyforabetterandmore(7)(prosperous)future.Itseemsthatthemajorityofstudentsfallintothisgroup.Afteradmissiontotheuniversity,theyreadbooksafterbookst

11、o(8)(acquire)knowledgefromalloftheresourceswhichare(9)(available)tothem,andfinally,tosucceedinthefuturejobmarket.Thirdly,therearestillsomestudentswholearnwithoutacleargoal.Theytakecourses,finishhomework,enjoylifeoncampus,butdontwantto(10)(sample)anythingneworchallenging.Theyhavenoideawhattheywillbed

12、oingaftercollege.Andtheymayendupwithnothingintheirlives.LanguageFocus-ExpressionsinUseMyfamily(gotby)onmyfathersunemploymentbenefitafterhelosthisjob.Manysubwayridersreadbooksorlistentomusicinorderto(makethemostof)theirtimeonthewaytowork.Inordertomakesurehewouldbeabletoattendthemeeting,Icalledhimuptw

13、oweeks(inadvanee).Expertssayourcompanyisamazinginthatsaleshavebeenincreasingsteadily(overtime).Inorderto(reapthebenefitsof)thephysicalexercise,youhavetoexerciseregularly,andforatleasthalfanhoureachtime.Theyalltriedtotalk(allatonce),butIcouldnthearanythingtheysaid.Yellowflowersinthefieldalways(1)(rem

14、ind)me(2)(of)mychildhoodinthecountryside.Wehavebeenpracticingforsolongandsohardthatourteamshould(standachaneeof)winningthegame.Researchongeneswill(openthedoorto)excitingnewmedicaltreatments.EveryoneofyouhasmadeacontributionandI(takepleasurein)acknowledgingwhateachofyouhasdonetomakethisacademicconven

15、tionsuchasuccess.Translation英譯漢SocrateswasaclassicalGreekphilosopherwhoiscreditedwithlayingthefundamentals(基礎(chǔ))ofmodernWesternphilosophy.Heisamysteriousfigureknownchieflythroughtheaccountsoflaterclassicalwriters,especiallythewritingsofhismostfamousstudentPlato.Socrateshasbecomewellknownforhiscontribu

16、tiontothefieldofethics.Hismethodofteaching,knownastheSocraticMethod,byaskingandansweringquestionstostimulatecriticalthinkingandtoexplainideasremainsacommonlyusedtoolinawiderangeofdiscussions.Healsomadeimportantandlastingcontributionstothefieldofepistemology(認識論)andlogic,andtheinfluenceofhisideasanda

17、pproachremainsastrongfoundationforWesternphilosophythatfollowed.Socrateswasthemostcolorfulfigureinthehistoryofancientphilosophy.Hisfamewaswidespreadinhisowntime,andhisnamesoonbecameahouseholdwordalthoughheconstructednophilosophicalsystem,establishednoschool,andfoundednosect(宗派).蘇格拉底是古希臘哲學家，被譽為現(xiàn)代西方哲學

18、的奠基人。他是一個謎一般的人物，人們主要通過后期的一些古典作家的敘述，尤其是他最著名的學生柏拉圖的作品去了解他。蘇格拉底以他對倫理學的貢獻而聞名。他的教學法亦稱為蘇格拉底法，即通過提問和回答來激發(fā)批判性思維以及闡述觀點。該方法在各種討論中仍被普遍使用。他還在認識論和邏輯領(lǐng)域作出了重大而深遠的貢獻。他的思想和方法所帶來的影響一直是后來的西方哲學的堅實基礎(chǔ)。蘇格拉底是古代哲學史上最豐富多彩的人物。他在他那個時代已威名遠揚。雖然他未曾建立什么哲學體系，未曾設(shè)立什么學派，也未曾創(chuàng)立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就變得家喻戶曉了。漢譯英孔子是中國歷史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家學派(confucianism

19、)的創(chuàng)始人，被尊稱為古代的”圣人”(sage)。他的言論和生平活動記錄在論語(TheAnalects)一書中。論語是中國古代文化的經(jīng)典著作，對后來歷代的思想家、文學家、政治家產(chǎn)生了很大影響。不研究論語，就不能真正把握中國幾千年的傳統(tǒng)文化?？鬃拥暮芏嗨枷耄绕涫瞧浣逃枷?，對中國社會產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。在21世紀的今天，孔子的學說不僅受到中國人的重視，而且也越來越受到整個國際社會的重視。ConfuciuswasagreatthinkerandeducatorinChinesehistory.HewasthefounderofConfucianismandwasrespectfullyreferre

20、dtoasanancientsage.HiswordsandlifestorywererecordedinTheAnalects.AnenduringclassicofancientChineseculture,TheAnalectshashadagreatinflueneeonthethinkers,writers,andstatesmenthatcameafterConfucius.Withoutstudyingthisbook,onecouldhardlytrulyunderstandthethousands-of-yearstraditionalChineseculture.Mucho

21、fConfuciusthought,especiallyhisthoughtoneducation,hashadaprofoundinflueneeonChinesesociety.Inthe21stcentury,ConfucianthoughtnotonlyretainstheattentionoftheChinese,butitalsowinsanincreasingattentionfromtheinternationalcommunity.Unit1-SectionBLanguageFocus-WordsinUseBydecreasingthetaxrate,thegovernmen

22、tcan(stimulate)orencourageconsumerspending,businesstransactions(交易)andinvestments.Ourbodieshavegreater(potential)thanmostofusrealize,andwecanbenefitbyrememberingthis.Oneimportantfeatureofteamsportsisthattheycan(cultivate)peoplesteamspiritandsenseofcollectivehonor.Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearn

23、ing,whileanimalbehaviordependsmainlyupon(instinet).Shehasbeensavingmoneyinthepasttwoyears,sosheis(confident)thatinthecomingsummershewillbeabletoaffordajourneyabroad.Thedoctor(assured)himthathisconditionwasnotseriousandhewouldrecoversoonafteraminoroperation.Generally,childrendisplaygreat(curiosity)ab

24、outeverynewthingtheysee,andtheywanttofindoutmoreaboutit.Hewasproudofbeingchosento(participate)inthegame,andhepromisedthathewouldtryashardaspossible.Thoughithasmetwithconsiderableenthusiasm,therehasbeenresistaneefromsomeparentstothisnew(approach)toteachingandlearning.Theroomonlyhada(n)(capacity)for10

25、0people.However,over200enthusiasticstudentscametolistentothelecture.LanguageFocusExpressionsinUseEndlesswarshaveturnedthisoncewealthycountry(into)oneofthepoorestnationsintheworld.Ifyoufeel(like)stayingathome,wecouldwatchoneofyourfavoritemovieDVDs.Shewasaconfidentandoutgoinggirl,butthepreseneeofthepr

26、esidentreducedher(to)silenee.Idliketosign(up)forvolunteer(志愿的)workwithanenvironmentalorganization.Ihearitisagreatwaytoconnectwiththecommunity.Iknowheisannoyingandunfriendly,butyoushouldntlethimget(to)you.Thegovernmentislaunchinganewprogramwhichisaimedatopening(up)newemploymentopportunities.Sharonwas

27、nowheretobefound.Maybeshehadgone(off)tothebeachwithTony.Theydevelopthespecializedskills,knowledge,andpositiveattitudesneededtoparticipate(in)sportsandphysicalactivities.Sentencestructure1.(正是山姆認為)thatthegreatestachievementoflastcenturywasthelandingofmankindonthemoon.Referenee:ItisSamthat/whothinks2.

28、(正是在本科學習期間)Ifoundoutwhatmypassionwas.Referenee:Itwasduringmyundergraduatestudiesthat3.(正是孩子的好奇心和創(chuàng)造力)causesmanyeducatorstobelievethatteachingshouldstimulatechildrensinterestinlearning.Referenee:ItisthecuriosityandcreativityofchildrenthatUnit2-SectionALanguageFocus-WordsinUseHehasaspecialfeelingforthe

29、brilliantbirds,andeachspringheeagerly(awaits)theirreturn.Thankstothe(efficiency)ofairtransport,everyoneisfreetogoanywhereatanytime.Johnbelievesthatthe(donation)offoodtothehungryismorehelpfulthangivingmoney.Marywasacarefulspeaker;everywordseemedtohavebeen(polished)beforeitwasallowedtoescapethroughher

30、lips.Whenshehearditwassnowinginthecitytheyweregoingto,she(stuffed)twomoresweatersintoherbag.DuringourstayinEuropewevisitedmanyplacesof(historical)interest,includingseveralcastles.Theweddingceremonyofmysisterwasavery(emotional)experieneeforourfamily.Hewas(embarrassed)whenhediscoveredthathedidnthaveen

31、oughmoneytopayfortheredwinehehadordered.Thelocalgovernmentispressedtofindnewplacesto(dump)waste.Thenewsystemdesignedto(curb)harmfulemissions(排放物)fromfactorieswillbeputintousesoon.WordBerpret4.atom4.atomic5.artist5.artistic6.economy6.economic7.history7.historic8.electronic8.elec

32、tron9.envy9.envious10.continue10.continuous11.famous11.fame12.various12.varyLackofeyecontactmightbe(interpreted)aslackofattentioninAmerica,whileeyecontactmightbeconsideredrudeinJapan.Whenapplyingforajob,makesureyouemphasizetheskillsandknowledgeyouhavethatthe(employer)willfindimportanttothejob.Manyof

33、ourstudentsarebeginnerswhohaveneverdonepaintingbeforeandarelookingtodeveloptheir(artistic)interests.Itissurprisingthatyoudontknowaboutsucha(n)(historic)event.Itmarkedthebeginningofanewperiodforournation.Theyhopedtocreateacomputerwhichcould(compute)at10timesthespeedofcomputersonthemarket.Educationisa

34、(n)(continuous)learningprocessthatneverends.Ateacherhastheresponsibilityofmakingstudentsthinkforthemselvesbygivingeffectiveguidanee.Ontheonehand,weshouldmakeeffortstoimprovetheeconomy;ontheotherhand,wemustkeepabalaneebetween(economic)developmentandenvironmentalprotection.Somesuccessfulpeoplemanagedt

35、ogain(fame)andfortuneeventhoughtheydroppedoutofschool.A(n)(electron)isaverysmallpieceofmatterwithanegativeelectricalcharge,foundinallatoms.The(atomic)bombs,alsoknownasnuclearbombs,wouldcausedisastersiftheywereusedinwars.Ineverfeltanxiousor(envious)whensomebodyelsegotahigherpositionormadealotofmoney.

36、Theeffectsofthismedicinewill(vary)accordingtoapersonshealth,weight,andsex.BankedClozeParentsandteenagershavedifferentorevenoppositethingstoworryabout.Forexample,whileamothermighthaveahardtimeunderstandingwhyherteenagersroomisalwaysa(n)(1)(embarrassment)ofdirtystuff,theteenagersaremoreworriedaboutthe

37、irnextexamsandmaythinkitis(2)(ridiculous)fortheirmothertoinsistonkeepingacleanroom.Itisthereforeimportantforyouto(3)(appreciate)thedifferencesandlearntocommunicatewithyourteenagersproperly.(4)(Otherwise),yourteenagersmaysaynothingandshutyououtoftheirpersonallives.Theirrefusaltotalkwithyoumayevencrea

38、te(5)(emotional)stressinyourlife.Learningeffectivewaystocommunicatecan(6)(reverse)thesituationofadifficultrelationship,(7)(reduce)thestressofyourlife,andleadtoafriendlyrelationshipwithyourteenagers.First,youshouldlearntodiscussseriousproblemsindailyconversations.So,importanttopics,suchasdrivingavehi

39、cleandbuildinga(n)(8)(romantic)relationship,couldbedealtwiththroughdailyconversations.Second,learntobeanactivelistener.Manyparentsareso(9)(overwhelmed)withtheirworkthattheycouldhardlytakesometimefortheir(10)(beloved)children.Spendyourtimelisteningcarefullytowhatyourchildrenliketotalkabout,andmakesur

40、eyourchildrenfeeltheyarebeingtakenseriously.Thiswillincreasethechancesofgoodcommunication.LanguageFocus-ExpressionsinUseAfter10yearsoffull-timetraining,shehasfinally(madeit)asaprofessionaldancer.2.(Afterall),whatisthepointintakingpartinthecompetitiveeventiftheresultisonlytoprovehowincompetentyouare?

41、Redecoratingthehouseisachallengingtask.Itsnecessaryto(stripoff)thewallpaperfirst.Ineverreallyhadanyproblemswithchange.Onthecontrary,Iwelcomechange(withopenarms).Alotofwhatwe(throwaway)ismadefromrawmaterialswhicharenotrenewable.MeganandJohnrealizedthattheirhousewastoomessyforanewbaby,sotheydecidedto(

42、straightenup)theirhousebeforethebabywasborn.Jennifercouldnt(keepback)hertearswhenshesawthesickchildrenatanewbloodcancercenterinVirginia.Wewanttogiveallchildrenaworld(freeof/from)violenee.Translation英譯漢Christmasisawidelyobservedculturalholiday,celebratedonDecember25bymillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.It

43、commemorates(纟己念)thebirthofJesusChrist.Thefestivaldatedfromasearlyas336AD.Graduallyitevolvedintoareligiousaswellassecular(非宗教的)celebration,celebratedbyanincreasingnumberofnon-Christians.TodayChristmasisobservedasanimportantfestivalandpublicholidayaroundtheworld.Christmascustomsdifferindifferentcount

44、ries.PopularmoderncustomsoftheholidayincludeanexchangeofChristmascardsandgifts,Christmassinging,churchattendance,thedisplayofvariousChristmasdecorationsandtrees,familygatherings,andaspecialmealpreparation.Tosmallchildren,thefestivalisfulloffantasyandsurprise.Legend(傳說)hasitthatSantaClauswillentereac

45、hhousethroughthechimneyandbringgiftstowell-behavedchildrenonChristmasEve.Becausegift-givingandmanyotheraspectsoftheChristmasfestivalheighteneconomicactivityamongbothChristiansandnon-Christians,theholidayhasalsobecomeasignificanteventandakeysalesperiodforbusinesses.圣誕節(jié)是一個被廣泛慶祝的文化節(jié)日，全世界有許許多多的人在12月25日慶

46、祝這一節(jié)日。它是為了紀念耶穌基督的誕辰。該節(jié)日最早可追溯到公元336年。漸漸地，這一節(jié)日演變?yōu)橐粋€既是宗教又是非宗教的節(jié)日，越來越多的非基督徒也慶祝圣誕節(jié)。如今，圣誕節(jié)在全球被作為一個重大的節(jié)日和公共假日來慶祝。不同國家的圣誕節(jié)風俗也各不相同?，F(xiàn)代流行的圣誕節(jié)風俗包括交換圣誕賀卡和圣誕禮物、唱圣誕歌曲、參加教堂活動、擺放各種圣誕裝飾品和圣誕樹、舉行家庭聚會以及準備一頓特別的大餐。對小孩子們來說，這個節(jié)日充滿了幻想和驚喜。據(jù)傳說，圣誕老人會在圣誕夜從煙囪進入每戶人家，給乖巧聽話的孩子帶來禮物。由于圣誕節(jié)送禮物以及許多其他方面推動了基督徒和非基督徒的經(jīng)濟活動，圣誕節(jié)也因此成為商家的一個重大活動和主

47、要銷售季。漢譯英每年農(nóng)歷(Chineselunarcalendar)八月十五是我國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中秋節(jié)(theMid-AutumnFestival)。這時是一年秋季的中期，所以被稱為中秋。中秋節(jié)的一項重要活動是賞月。夜晚，人們賞明月、吃月餅，共慶中秋佳節(jié)。中秋節(jié)也是家庭團圓的時刻，遠在他鄉(xiāng)的游子，會借此寄托自己對故鄉(xiāng)和親人的思念之情。中秋節(jié)的習俗很多，都寄托著人們對美好生活的熱愛和向往。自2008年起，中秋節(jié)成為中國的法定節(jié)假日。AccordingtotheChineselunarcalendar,August15ofeveryyearisatraditionalChinesefestivalth

48、eMid-AutumnFestival.Thisdayisthemiddleofautumn,soitiscalledMid-Autumn.OneoftheimportantMid-AutumnFestivalactivitiesistoenjoythemoon.Onthatnight,peoplegathertogethertocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival,lookingupatthebrightmoonandeatingmooncakes.Thefestivalisalsoatimeforfamilyreunion.Peoplelivingfarawayfr

49、omhomewillexpresstheirfeelingsofmissingtheirhometownsandfamiliesatthisfestival.Therearemanycustomstocelebratethefestival,allexpressingpeoplesloveandhopeforahappylife.Since2008,theMid-AutumnFestivalhasbecomeanofficialnationalholidayinChina.Unit2-SectionBLanguageFocus-WordsinUseAsatallgirl,Ifeelveryun

50、comfortableand(awkward)inhighheels.Althoughweweresupposedtofinishtheprojectthismonth,itlooksliketheworkwill(stretch)wellintothenextmonth.Itisbelievedthatthedriverhadlostcontroloverhiscarwhilehewas(overtaking)andrunningintoanothercar.Afterthequarrel,thingsbecamevery(delicate)betweenmeandmyboss,andasa

51、resultIhadtogiveupmyjob.Thescientistdidnot(anticipate)thathisresearchresultwouldbeputtoanentirelydifferentuse.WithfivedaysbeforetheopeningoftheCollegeStudentArtsFestival,thereisa(n)(immense)amountofworktobedone.Hansisawarm-heartedperson.Whenneeded,hewouldshowno(reluctanee)tohelpothers.Someolderpeopl

52、etendtobequiteconservativeandabit(suspicious)ofanysupposedadvances.Duringtheperiodofadjustment(適應),theinternationalstudenttendsto(complain)abouteverythinginthenewenvironment.Heranger(melted)awaywhenshereadhisletterofapology.LanguageFocus-ExpressionsinUseIlikethismarketmost,becauseallthefruitsandvege

53、tables,shadedbyumbrellas,arelaid(out)sonicely.Hesaid,politelyandkindly,Ifyoudontcare(for)thefilm,perhapsyoudliketoreadthebook.Heseldomspoke,andhewasneverimpatient(with)her;hewasalwaysakindandfriendlyfather.Thesharpsurge(in/of)housepricemakesitdifficultforyoungpeopletobuyhouses,especiallyinbigcities.

54、Thoughverybusywithhiswork,hedoesmountainclimbingonce(in)awhilewithhisfriends.Thisareawitnessedaleapineconomicgrowthinthepastdecade,butnowthegrowthisslowing(down).Sinceyoudontknowmuchaboutthiscity,letmeaccompanyyou（to）yourhotelincaseyouloseyourway.Leavingbehindtheirfamilieswhengetting（aboard）theplane

55、departingforAmericaistheirmostchallengingexperienee.SentencestructureAllofJustinspaindisappeared.（他的腿也不痛了）.Referenee:SodidtheacheinhislegsHisfatherdoesnthavegreathopeforhimnow.（他的母親也一樣）.Referenee:NordoeshismotherCNNthenreportedthestoryand（其他電視新聞節(jié)目和各大報紙也都報道了）.Referenee:sodidothertelevisionnewsprogram

56、sandmajornewspapersUnit3-SectionALanguageFocus-WordsinUseTomakeourcompanies(competitive)inthemarket,wehavetobemorecreativeandproductive.Peoplearebeginningtorealizethatto(transform)natureatwillisthebiggestmistakethatmanhasevermade.Itisdifficulttoconcludewhata(n)(typical)studentdoesinhissparetimebecau

57、seeverystudenthasdifferentinterests.AmonthagoIwrotetothestorecomplainingaboutitsbadservice,butIhaventgottena(n)(response)yet.Someofyoursuggestionshavebeen(adopted),butothershavebeenturneddownastheyarenotworkable.Allofasudden,helosthisinterestinengineering,and(focused)hisattentiononlearningaforeignIa

58、nguage.Ifacompanydecreaseshealthbenefitsforitsemployees,theyshouldincreasesalariesto(compensate)theworkers.IfailedtopasstheexamalthoughIhadworkedveryhard.Ishould(analyze)thecausesofmyfailure.Whenyoudoyoga,tryto(regulate)yourbreathing.Dontbreathetoofastandmakesureyoubreatheonlythroughyournose.Itwasdi

59、fficultto(estimate)howmanypeoplehadbeenwoundedintheearthquake.WordBuildingNewZealandisfamousforitscleanbeaches,friendlypeopleandmagnificent(scenery)puterize12.summary12.summarizeThecompanydecidedafteraboardmeetingthattheold(machinery)inthefactoriesbedoneawaywith.Thekeytoaneffectivepresentationistost

60、ateyourpointsclearlyand(summarize)eachofyourpointsattheendofyourpresentation.Myfavoritestoreistheonethat(specializes)inhand-madechocolatesandletsyousamplethem.Itissadthatwhenheisalone,healwaysdrinksa(n)(massive)amountofalcoholtogethimselfdrunk.Toourdelight,thisnewsmokealarmsystemcaneffectively(detec