2021年考研英語模擬測試題及參考答案四

1、2021年考研英語模擬測試題及參考答案四9 2021-12-09來源：中國教育在線Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common, including the sky god, the lord of storm

2、s, and the morning and evening star. _1_the Sumerian worshipped the goddess of fertility, love, and war, she was evidently lower_2_status than the male gods, indicating that in a more urbanized society the_3_that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddess had_4_. The gods see

3、med hopelessly violent and _5_, and one* s life a period of slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that_6_were created to enable the gods to_7_ up working. Each city moreover had its own god, who was considered to_8_ the temple literally and who was in theory the owner of

4、all property within the city. _9_the priests who interpreted the will of the god and controlled the_10_ of the economic produce of the city were favored_11_ their supernatural and material functions _12_. When, after 3,000 B. C., growing warfare among the cities made military leadership_13_, the hea

5、d of the army who became king assumed a(n)_14_position between the god, whose agent he was, and the priestly class, whom he had both to use and to _15_. Thus king and priests represented the upper class in a hierarchical society. _16them were the scribes, the secular attendants of the temple, who_17

6、_every aspect of the city s economic life and who developed a rough judicial system._18_the temple officials,society was divided among an elite or_19- group of large lemdowners and military leaders; a mixed group of merchants, artisans, and craftsmen, free peasants who_20_ the majority of the popula

7、tion; and slaves.A UnlessB AsC Lest D AlthoughA onB inC with D aboutadmiration D gratitudeD attained 5.D unlikely 6. AA worshipB reverence C ：A vanished B recovered C declinedcreaturesB animalsB turnC giveliveC resideC menD mortals 7. AD back 8.D lodgeAinhabituseB9. A HenceIncidentally 10. Aprovisio

8、n 11.A asB introductionThereafterB transactionB forC CCSomehow distribution underDDD ofA along alike 13.A additionalexceptionalBBanywayvitalCCafterwardssingular DDA fundamentalalternativeAmanipulate 16.AA supervised A AroundpacifyBeside BBsecondaryB temptB BeyondheldUnderC intermediate DC suppress D

9、Below D Before 17.C managedC Abovepresided 18.D Outside 19. AA unpredictable B unforgivable C unlimitedleadingB nobleC controllingDprincipal 20.Aconsist1. DB compose2. B3.C compileB4. C5.D consume 答案A6. D8. A 9. AC17. A10. C 11. B18. D 19.12. D13. BB 20. B總體分析14. C15. A7.C16.本文介紹了蘇美爾人對(duì)神的崇拜及由此引起的社會(huì)階層

10、的劃分。第一句至第四句為一 個(gè)意群，主要介紹了蘇美爾人對(duì)神的崇拜，以及神凌駕于人之上。第五句至倒數(shù)第二句為 一個(gè)意群，介紹了由于對(duì)神的崇拜而出現(xiàn)的社會(huì)上層階層及其職能。末句附帶說明了在宗 教體系之外的社會(huì)階層。 試題精解L 精解本題考查邏輯詞?？崭裉幪钊氲倪B詞出現(xiàn)在句首，說明空格所在分句與 下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)中，unless表?xiàng)l件，意為除非；as作連詞，表時(shí)間或原 因，意為“當(dāng)?時(shí)；因?yàn)?，由于：lest表目的，意為“惟恐，以免”，如He emphasized it again and again, lest she should forget.（他反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn)，免得 她忘了。） alt

11、hough表讓步，意為“雖然，盡管。根據(jù)文意，“蘇美爾人崇拜代表繁衍、 愛和戰(zhàn)爭的女神”與“她在地位上卻明顯低于男性的神”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選 D。.精解本題考查介詞用法辨析?？崭袼诓糠执嬖谝粋€(gè)形容詞的比較級(jí)，即， lower than.?？崭裉幍慕樵~和status搭配,表示“在地位方面”。in常用在形容詞 后，表示在？方面“，如She was not lacking in courage.（她并不缺乏勇氣。）a country rich in minerals （礦藏豐富的國家）。因此B in為正確項(xiàng)。其它選項(xiàng)都可與形容詞連用。on表示影響到，如He s hard on his kid

12、s.（他 對(duì)自己的孩子很嚴(yán)厲。）with表示“關(guān)于，對(duì)于“，如Be careful with the glasses. （小心這些玻璃杯。）Are you pleased with the result?（你對(duì)結(jié)果滿意嗎？）with也 可表示因?yàn)?由于，如His fingers were numb with cold.（他的手指凍僵了。） about表示“關(guān)于，對(duì)于”,如What s she so angry about?（她為什么生這么大的氣？）.精解本題考查名詞詞義辨析?？崭袼诓糠譃榉衷~結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語，即， indicating that.。其中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，空格處填入的名詞為從句

13、的主語。該名 詞后乂跟有that引導(dǎo)的定語從句：that the peoples. . . goddess。將空格處的名詞，即 that代替的先行詞放回定語從句，其完整結(jié)構(gòu)是：the peoples of previous times had paid3 to the earth mother goddesso選項(xiàng)中四個(gè)名詞為近義詞，worship意為“崇拜， 敬仰：reverence意為“尊敬,崇敬”：admiration意為欽佩，贊賞，羨慕”： gratitude “感謝”。從含義上看，人類對(duì)神應(yīng)該是“崇拜”或“崇敬”，因此A和 B比較恰當(dāng)。其次，句中的搭配是pay sth. to sb.

14、,表示“付出某事物給某人”。常 用于這種搭配的是reverence及其同義詞respect, pay reverence/respect to意為“尊 敬，向?致敬”。因此本題應(yīng)選B o.精解本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。由上一題的分析可知，indicating后是that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語是the reverence,本題空格處填入的動(dòng)詞是其謂語。由于需要 的是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，首先排除D attain,它只能作及物動(dòng)詞，必須接賓語，意為 ”達(dá)到,獲得“，如attain my purpose （達(dá)到我的目的）。其它選項(xiàng)：vanish意為“消 失；recover意為“恢復(fù)，復(fù)原：decline意為

15、“減少，下降，衰弱”。由上文可知, 蘇美爾人崇拜女神，但她的地位低于男性的神?？梢?，這種崇拜已經(jīng)減少。因此C為 正確答案。.精解本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。空格處填入的形容詞與violent并列，說明 神的特點(diǎn)。unpredictable意為“不可預(yù)知的，捉摸不定的；unforgivable意為不可 原諒的；unlimited意為“無限的，不受限制的：unlikely意為“不太可能的”。下 文and連接的并列分句是對(duì)空格所在分句的解釋：人的一生將是任他們擺布的被奴役的一 生。導(dǎo)致這種結(jié)果的特點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是“捉摸不定的”，因此A為正確項(xiàng)。補(bǔ)充：one是泛指代詞,指“任何一個(gè)人。at will ”任意，隨意

16、，如They were able to come and go at will.（他們能夠來去自由。）.精解本題考查名詞詞義辨析。上文提到，神使人的一生成為任他們擺布和奴 役的一生?？崭袼诜志鋭t從創(chuàng)世記找到證據(jù)支持上文中的觀點(diǎn)，因此該句的內(nèi)容仍 然是關(guān)于神和人的關(guān)系?？崭裉帒?yīng)填入表示“人類”的名詞。creature意為“生物”，指人 時(shí)多帶有感情色彩，指具有某種特征的人，如You pathetic creature!（你這可憐的家 伙！）animals意為“動(dòng)物”。men是man的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意為“男人們”，指人類時(shí)應(yīng)用 其單數(shù)形式 man,如 the damage caused by man

17、 to the environment （人類給環(huán)境帶來 的破壞）。mortal作形容詞時(shí)，意為“終將死亡的”；作名詞時(shí)，意為“凡人，普通人”。 因此本題應(yīng)選D mortalso.精解本題考查短語動(dòng)詞辨析?？崭裉幪钊氲膭?dòng)詞與副詞up搭配構(gòu)成短語動(dòng) 詞。use up意為“用完，耗盡，如He used up all the money.（他把所有的錢都花光 了。）turn up意為“開大（音量、熱量等）：找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)，如The farmer turned up a human skull while ploughing the field.（那個(gè)農(nóng)民犁地時(shí)挖出一個(gè)人類的頭顱骨。） give up意為

18、“放棄”，常接動(dòng)名詞作賓語，如give up smoking （戒煙）。back up意為 “支持，援助“，如 The rebels backed up their demands with threats.（反叛者以恐 嚇手段要挾。）根據(jù)上下文意，神奴役人類，人被創(chuàng)造出來后神就不用再勞動(dòng)。因此C 正確。.精解本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析?？崭裉幪钊雱?dòng)詞，其賓語是the temple （廟 宇），其邏輯主語是who替代的名詞god （神）0選項(xiàng)中的四個(gè)動(dòng)詞為近義詞，都可表示 “居住”，但能夠作及物動(dòng)詞的只有A inhabit,它意為“居住在，棲息于，如Some of the rare species inhabit the area.（一些罕見物種生活在這個(gè)地區(qū)。）因此A 是正確項(xiàng)。其它項(xiàng)意為“居住”時(shí)都只能作不及物動(dòng)詞，如live in a house （住在一所房子 里）。This family has resided in this city for 60 years.（這個(gè)家族住在本城已有 60年了。）I lodged at a friend s house.（我寄住在一個(gè)朋友家里。）live也可作