碩士研究報告英語期末考試

1、-. zGENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS試卷BPAPER ONEPart IListening prehensionSection A (1 point each)Directions:In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a third voice will ask a question about wh

2、at was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices, A, B, C and D by marking the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.1.A.Three dollars and twenty-five cents.B.Five dollars.C.One dollar an

3、d fifty cents.D.One dollar.2.A.The man considers himself a good traveler.B.The man brought his pet along on the trip.C.The woman would like to join the man the ne*t time.D.Neither of them has had a chance to see the play.3.A.He doesnt want to work tomorrow night.B.He cant find the way out of the stu

4、dent center.C.Hes afraid to work at night.D.Hes afraid the work will be really hard.4.A.In a camera store.B.In a hardware store.C.In an art gallery.D.In a machine repair shop.5.A.She parked her car in a safe place.B.Her car ran out of gas.C.Brenda has borrowed her car.D.She came with Brenda today.6.

5、A.Stay awake for the midnight news program.B.Prepare an editorial for this weeks newspaper.C.Find the newspaper editor.D.Find a job working as a reporter.7.A.A refinished cellar.B.A new record.C.A furnished house.D.A recent book.8.A.He hadnt had time to do the e*periment.B.The e*periment turned out

6、well.C.The e*periment took a lot of time.D.He only did part of the e*periment that day.9.A.Inspecting the wiring.B.Replacing the lamp.C.Keeping the check.D.Sending a wire.Section B (1 point each)Directions:In this section, you will hear two short passages and some questions. Both the conversation an

7、d the question will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices, A, B, C and D by marking the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.Questions 10-12 are based on the following passage:10.A.Children taug

8、ht one another in small supervised groups.B.Parents instructed their children in the “three Rs.C.Teachers came to childrens homes.D.Children acquired the information they needed by direct e*perience.11.A.Outmoded methods of farming and ineffective means of transportation.B.Larger family units and gr

9、eater financial hardships.C.A new dependence on people far away and the use of money.D.The introduction of a new alphabet and numerical system.12.A.The increasingly ple* skills subsequently taught in schools.B.The problems evolved in the construction of new schools.C.The various means of survival ta

10、ught by parents in contemporary society.D.The importance of history instruction in the first schools.Questions 13-125 are based on the following passage:13.A.To point out similarities between jazz and classical music.B.To describe what makes a good jazz performance.C.To e*plain the importance of lea

11、rning rhythm and harmony in jazz.D.To show that jazz is not really music at all.14.A.They perform their music as a means of individual self-e*pression.B.They possess detailed knowledge of the rules of jazz position.C.They memorize their music before performing it.D.They are more famous than performe

12、rs of other kinds of music.15.A.Watch a film about jazz performers.B.Listen to some recordings of jazz music.C.Practice various jazz rhythms.D.Interview a jazz musician.Section C (1 point each)Directions:In this section, you will hear a passage. The passage will be read TWICE. After you hear the pas

13、sage, plete the following paragraphs with the information you get from the tape. You should write your answer on ANSWER SHEET II.Bones can provide archaeologists with a valuable method of measuring time. The name of the method is calcium-9 dating. Calcium-9 dating is based on the fact that animals a

14、ccumulate calcium in their bones. The calcium in the bones of the animals es from 16 that the animals ate while they were alive. There are certain varieties, or isotopes, of all elements known to man. These isotopes are known to occur in specific amounts in nature. When a large amount of calcium is

15、collected in one place it should reflect the amounts found in nature. There is one plication of this simple model which makes 17 possible. Over a period of time the type of calcium known as calcium-9 tends to deteriorate into the more mon form of calcium. Because scientists can guess how fast this c

16、hange should happen, they can guess how old a piece of bone is by testing how much calcium-9 is present in the bone 18 .It is true that as the bone develops and new layers are added, the same levels of calcium-9 are not always added to the bone at the same rate. Also, 19 can have an effect on the e*

17、act amount of calcium-9 found in a bone. But since there are so many millions of atoms of calcium in a tiny piece of bone, a scientist can essentially date the age of a bone even though the guess will not be e*act.In the early 1970s a team of archaeologists used the calcium-9 technique to date a ser

18、ies of prehistoric bones found in West Africa. They pared the levels of calcium-9 in the ancient bones with those of an animal that had recently died. The parison actually made it possible to determine the century in which the older bones had been buried. Little by little, the system was e*tended ba

19、ckward into time. Eventually, calcium-9 dating produced 20 going back over two million years.Part IICloze (10 points, 0.5 point each)Directions:In this part, there is passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mar

20、k the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.It has been necessary to refer repeatedly to the effects of the two world wars in promoting all kinds of innovation. It should be 21 also that technological innovations have 22 the character of war itself by the 23 of

21、 new mechanical and chemical devices. One weapon developed during World War II 24 a special mention. The 25 of rocket propulsions was well known earlier, and its possibilities as a 26 of achieving speeds sufficient to escape from the earths gravitational pull had been 27 by the Russian and the Ameri

22、can scientists. The latter built e*perimental liquid-fuelled rockets in 1926. 28 , a group of German and Romanian pioneers was working 29 the same lines, and in the 1930s, it was this team that developed a rocket 30 of delivering a warhead hundreds of miles away. Reaching a height of over 100 miles,

23、 the V-2 rocket 31 the beginning of the Space Age, and members of its design team were 32 in both the Soviet and United States space programs after the war.Technology had a tremendous social 33 in the period 1900-1945. The automobile and electric power, 34 , radically changed both the scale and the

24、quality of 20th-century life, 35 a process of rapid urbanization and a virtual revolution 36 living through mass production of household goods and 37 . The rapid development of the airplance, the cinema, and radio made the world seem suddenly smaller and more 38 . The development of many products of

25、 the chemical industry further transformed the life of most people. In the years 39 1945 the constructive and creative opportunities of modern technology could be 40 , although the process has not been without its problems.21.A.detectedB.mentedC.observedD.notified22.A.simulatedB.innovatedC.imitatedD

26、.transformed23.A.alterationB.eliminationC.innovationD.introduction24.A.deservesB.furnishesC.entitlesD.requires25.A.doctrineB.strategyC.disciplineD.principle26.A.mediumB.techniqueC.meansD.methods27.A.pointed outB.carried outC.handed overD.taken over28.A.InstantaneouslyB.SpontaneouslyC.AdvantageouslyD

27、.Simultaneously29.A.withB.alongC.atD.across30.A.suitableB.possibleC.ableD.capable31.A.markedB.labeledC.informedD.spoiled32.A.integralB.structuralC.mechanicalD.instrumental33.A.conflictB.impactC.connectionD.influence34.A.for instanceB.on the contraryC.as a resultD.on the other hand35.A.assistingB.pro

28、motingC.urgingD.encouraging36.A.onB.throughC.inD.by37.A.equipmentB.instrumentsC.utilitiesD.appliances38.A.controversialB.ple*C.accessibleD.perceptive39.A.followingB.subsequentC.previousD.preceding40.A.processedB.adoptedC.appliedD.e*ploitedPart IIIReading prehension (35 points, 1 point each)Direction

29、s:In this part, there are si* short passages, which are followed by questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one by marking the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET I with a single line through the center.Passage OneIn most coun

30、tries, the law on organ transplantation is poorly defined, as legislation has not yet been created to cope with this advance in surgery. The e*isting framework relating to physical assault and care of the dead has no provision for organ transplantation. It is customary to ask the permission of the r

31、elatives, but, because organ removal must take place immediately after death, it may be impossible to reach the relatives in time. It has been suggested that there should be a widespread campaign to encourage persons to provide in their wills that their organs be used for transplantation. An alterna

32、tive is to provide by law that permission is assumed unless removal has been forbidden by the individual in his lifetime. Such laws have been passed in Denmark, France, Sweden, Italy, and Israel. pulsory postmortem (死后的) e*amination, a far more e*tensive procedure than organ removal for grafting (移植

33、), is required in most countries after une*pected death, and this pulsion is not a matter of public concern and debate.There would seem to be no reason why organ removal for transplantation purposes should not also be accepted to public opinion, provided there is a mechanism by which individuals in

34、their lifetime can refuse this permission. This, of course, requires an efficient register of those who indicate their refusal: the register would be consulted before any organs would be removed. It is important that there be public reassurance that consideration of transplantation would not impair

35、normal resuscitative (搶救的) efforts of the potential donor.Transplantation has obviously raised important ethical considerations concerning the diagnosis of death, and, particularly, how far resuscitation should be continued. Every effort must be made to restore the heartbeat to someone who has had a

36、 sudden cardiac arrest (心跳驟停) or breathing to someone who cannot breathe. Artificial respiration and massage of the heart, the standard methods of resuscitation, are continued until it is clear that the brain is dead. Most physicians consider that beyond this point efforts at resuscitation are usele

37、ss.41.According to the author, which of the following is NOT true?A.The traditional way of asking for permission of relatives for organ removal does not prove to be always feasible.B.Most countries do not6 have an effective law on organ transplantation.C.In some countries there are laws providing th

38、at the permission of organ removal is taken for granted unless it has been refused by the person in his lifetime.D.It is hard to understand why people should remain silent on pulsory postmortem e*am after une*pected death.42.Which of the following is NOT a suggestion made in the passage?A.Organ remo

39、val should be permitted in the course of pulsory postmortem e*am.B.People should be encouraged to donate their organs after death.C.Organ removal for transplantation could be considered legal unless the dead person stated otherwise in his lifetime.D.Organ removal for transplantation should be advoca

40、ted because it benefits the human society.43.The underlined word “impair at the end of Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by _.A.weakenB.neglectC.be superior toD.e together with44.It is believed that efforts at resuscitation are useless when _.A.a persons heartbeat and breath has totally stoppedB.arti

41、ficial respiration and massage of the heart have yielded no obvious resultC.the brain is certainly deadD.standard methods of resuscitation have failed45.Which of the following can best sum up the passage?A.Some underlying principles on organ transplantation.B.Legal and ethical problems of organ tran

42、splantation.C.The difference between pulsory postmortem e*am and organ transplantationD.The diagnosis of death before organ transplantation.Passage TwoWith human footprints on the moon, radio telescopes listening for messages from alien creatures (who may or may not e*ist), technicians looking for c

43、elestial and planetary sources of energy to support our civilization, orbiting telescopes data hinting at planetary systems around other stars, and political groups trying to figure out how to save humanity from nuclear warfare that would damage life and climate on a planet-wide scale, an astronomy

44、book published today enters a world different from the one that greeted books a generation ago. Astronomy has broadened to involve our basic circumstances and our mysterious future in the universe. With eclipses and space missions broadcast live, and with NASA, Europe, and the USSR planning and buil

45、ding permanent space stations, astronomy offers adventure for all people, an outward e*ploratory thrust that may one day be seen as an alternative to mindless consumerism, ideological bickering (爭吵), and wars to control dwindling resources on a closed, finite Earth.Todays astronomy students not only

46、 seek an up-to-date summary of astronomical facts: they ask, as people have asked for ages, about our basic relations to rest of the universe. They may study astronomy partly to seek points of contact between science and other human endeavors: philosophy, history, politics, environmental action, eve

47、n the arts and religion.Science fiction writers and special effect artists on recent films help todays students realize that unseen worlds of space are real places - not abstract concepts. Todays students are citizens of a more real, more vast cosmos than conceptualized by students of a decade ago.I

48、n designing this edition, the Wadsworh editors and I have tried to respond to these developments. Rather than jumping at the start into murky waters of cosmology, I have begun with the viewpoint of ancient people on Earth and worked outward across the universe. This method of organization automatica

49、lly (if loosely) reflects the order of humanitys discoveries about astronomy and provides a unifying theme of increasing distance and scale.46.This passage is most probably taken from _.A.the introduction of a book of astronomyB.an article of popular scienceC.the preface of a piece of science fictio

50、nD.a lecture given by the author to astronomy students47.The authors purpose in presenting the first paragraph is _.A.to discuss in detail the most recent achievements in space researchB.to e*plain the background and new features of todays astronomyC.to illustrate that the world today is different i

51、n many aspects from that of a generation agoD.to introduce some newly established space stations48.The author thinks that the growing interest in space e*ploration among people on Earth will probably lead to _.A.the realization of permanent settlement on other planetsB.all people having chances of t

52、raveling in spaceC.orders, harmony and peace on our planet EarthD.more disturbance not only on Earth but also in outer space49.The author believes that todays astronomy students _.A.no longer care about astronomical factsB.are much brighter than students of a generation agoC.may learn more about man

53、 and his research in various fields through the study of astronomyD.are better-informed about the unseen worlds of space50.In the last paragraph, the underlined e*pression “these developments refers to all of the following E*CEPT _.A.the new concepts about the universe acquired by todays astronomy s

54、tudentsB.the development of science fiction and special effects of filmsC.humanitys new achievements in the field of astronomyD.the world-wide involvement in space e*plorationPassage ThreeTelevision - the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth - is mo

55、ving into a new era, an era of e*traordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and puter technologies.The word “television, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and

56、 Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photo-conductive plate within a camera) into electr

57、onic impulses, which can be sent through a wire of cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of e*pression, as well as a vehicle for municat

58、ion, and as such bees a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Sec

59、ond, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about t

60、hirty-seven years in a form similar to what e*ists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only