國外客車研究報(bào)告整理2

1、 | HYPERLINK / 百度首頁 HYPERLINK /v2/?login 登錄 HYPERLINK /cashier/browse/vipcashier?dqStatCode=topnav_joinvip&cashier_code=topnav_joinvip VIP意見反饋 HYPERLINK /apps?fr=1011 下載客戶端GM “Roadmap to 2030” Blue Pa HYPERLINK javascript:; p HYPERLINK javascript:; er HYPERLINK javascript:void(0); 通用汽車2030城市交通藍(lán)皮書 HY

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3、orm/index 實(shí)用文檔 HYPERLINK /form/index HYPERLINK /list/203 表格/模板 HYPERLINK /list/203 HYPERLINK /list/78 調(diào)查/報(bào)告Forum 4 Summary論壇四 總結(jié)Forum 4 Summary:Objective目標(biāo)創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì)引領(lǐng)未來交通論壇旨在探討創(chuàng)意設(shè)計(jì)如何對城市生活方式帶來積極的影響。演講嘉賓討論了汽車設(shè)計(jì)師如何通過借鑒其它產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)師的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，更好地實(shí)from designers of other products to help bring about GMs vision of 現(xiàn)通用汽車關(guān)于城

4、市交通可持續(xù)發(fā)展的愿景。sustainable urban transportation.Background背景The world is becoming increasingly crowded. There will be an estimated全球人口正不斷增長，預(yù)計(jì)未來 20 年內(nèi)，將達(dá)到 80 億8 billion people within 20 years. Many of these people are moving to人，其中大部分人口將遷往城市。僅在中國，每年就有cities. In China alone, about 15-20 million people a

5、re moving from rural一千五百萬至兩千萬人口從農(nóng)村遷至城市居住。目前全populated area the figure was more than 40,000 people per square 方公里，在人口密度最高的區(qū)域，這一數(shù)字已經(jīng)達(dá)到4kilometer. 萬人 / 平方公里。This growing urbanization is being accompanied by a rising demand 伴隨城市化發(fā)展進(jìn)程而來的是人們對個(gè)人交通需求的上for personal transportation. Urban communities are addre

6、ssing升。城市社區(qū)規(guī)劃者正通過各種途徑解決居民的出行需transportation needs in various ways. There is a realization that urban求。人們意識到，城市需要為交通設(shè)施建設(shè)分配足夠的areas need to allocate sufficient space to transportation facilities and空間，人類及其產(chǎn)品和自然環(huán)境也需要和諧共存。that people, their products, and the environment need to coexist.同時(shí)，人們還認(rèn)識到具有歷史意義的區(qū)

7、域如上海外灘，At the same time, there is a realization that historic areas like也需要得到保護(hù)。上海等大城市正在通過建立衛(wèi)星城市Shanghais Bund need to be preserved. One way that cities like來解決城市發(fā)展問題。但是，這一方法增加了居民上下Shanghai are doing this is through the construction of satellite cities.班的距離，從而對交通產(chǎn)生了新的需求。However, this is creating new

8、 transportation demands, as city dwellersmove farther away from their jobs.盡管公共交通仍然是城市規(guī)劃的重點(diǎn)，但個(gè)人交通需求的增長及其提供的便利和自由依然不可忽視。今年全球范圍內(nèi)汽車保有量預(yù)計(jì)將達(dá)到 10 億輛，未來五年這一數(shù)freedom it offers will not decrease. This year, it is estimated that there字還將增長 25%。will be 1 billion cars on the worlds roads. Within five years, tha

9、t numberis expected to increase 25 percent. 4/13/2019國外客車研究報(bào)告整理2 - 百度文庫GM “Roadmap to 2030” Blue Paper通用汽車2030城市交通藍(lán)皮書The Role of Design設(shè)計(jì)所扮演的角色設(shè)計(jì)能夠以可持續(xù)的方式協(xié)調(diào)大眾對公共交通與個(gè)人交One way to help balance the need for public mass transportationwith the desire for personal transportation in a sustainable manner is

10、通需求之間的矛盾。through design.從本質(zhì)上講，設(shè)計(jì)就是傳播更為先進(jìn)的文化理念。設(shè)計(jì)At its very roots, design is about advancing culture. Designers arecatalysts for bringing people and communities together for the師是推動人類與社區(qū)更好的結(jié)合、并促進(jìn)社會整體進(jìn)步的催化劑。好的設(shè)計(jì)理念也將使人們的生活變得更加便betterment of society as a whole. Design is also fundamentally about捷。makin

11、g peoples lives easier.乘用車是一種消費(fèi)品，而非僅僅是將乘客從一處運(yùn)送到Passenger cars are consumer goods, not just objects for movingindividuals from one location to another. When they purchase anautomobile, consumers are buying an experience. For a vehicle tobe successful, there needs to be an emotional connection with th

12、econsumer.另一處的工具。當(dāng)消費(fèi)者選購汽車時(shí)，他們是在購買某種體驗(yàn)。一款車型需要在市場上取得成功，必須先與消費(fèi)者在情感上建立聯(lián)系。設(shè)計(jì)師需要牢記：消費(fèi)者喜歡駕駛汽車，這一點(diǎn)永遠(yuǎn)不會改變。同時(shí)，讓車上的乘客獲得愉快的體驗(yàn)也非常重要。Designers need to keep in mind that consumers should want to drive acar; and that is not going to change. Their passengers should be able toenjoy an exciting experience as well.這需要設(shè)

13、計(jì)師重新思考與車輛互動的界面。人機(jī)互動界面的改變意味著駕車從個(gè)人體驗(yàn)過渡到社交體驗(yàn)的重大This requires rethinking the interface of the car. The change in thehuman-machine interface will represent a big shift away from轉(zhuǎn)變。通過尋求全新的技術(shù)解決方案，設(shè)計(jì)師不再需要僅僅依賴車載娛樂系統(tǒng)，他們可以使汽車本身成為一種individual experiences to social experiences. Instead of just relying on 娛樂工具。en

14、tertainment systems, by looking to technology for new solutionsdesigners have the potential to make the vehicle the entertainment. 但是，這并不表示他們會忽略產(chǎn)品外觀。品牌的影響力仍然非常重要，尤其在亞洲市場，數(shù)十億消費(fèi)者希望自However, that does not mean they can neglect appearance. Branding己與眾不同。is and will remain important, especially in Asia w

15、hich has beencharacterized as a market with a couple billion people who want to l o在o k電子游戲業(yè)，設(shè)計(jì)師們可以通過同一款“引擎”開發(fā)different from each other.出多款游戲，盡管每款游戲看上去各不相同，但實(shí)際上這些游戲都是基于同一技術(shù)平臺研發(fā)的。In the video game industry, once the “engine” is completed, designersconstruct games on top of it so that every game, even

16、 though it looks與電子游戲業(yè)類似，汽車設(shè)計(jì)師也能夠以“回饋用戶”different, is built on the same technology.的方式，使用戶感到最終收獲遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于購買產(chǎn)品的付出。人們喜歡按照自己的喜好做事，為滿足這一需求我們要Like the video game industry, vehicle designers can “reward the user”and make the user feel as if he or she is getting back more than wh使at消費(fèi)者能夠調(diào)整自己所購買的產(chǎn)品，而這需要汽車廠was or

17、iginally paid for the product. Humans like to do things their 商在售后市場加大投入力度。way. One way to cater to this need is by enabling them to change theirproducts. This requires automakers to devote greater resources to theaftermarket.汽車設(shè)計(jì)師還可以通過更模塊化、人性化的設(shè)計(jì)徹底改變汽車的內(nèi)飾。這需要重新思考各種相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)的細(xì)節(jié)，甚至是諸如安全帶這樣的個(gè)別部件。There is a

18、lso an opportunity for automotive designers to revolutionizethe interior of the vehicle by making it more modular and user friendl傾y.聽消費(fèi)者的需求也非常重要。設(shè)計(jì)師需要了解消費(fèi)者That involves rethinking designs down to individual components such 不斷變化的行為，并設(shè)計(jì)出相應(yīng)的產(chǎn)品以滿足其需求。as seatbelts.群智也是一種新趨勢，如果處理得當(dāng)，將極大地啟發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)師的靈感。設(shè)計(jì)師還需要牢記為

19、每個(gè)市場設(shè)計(jì)針對性Listening is important. Designers need to know the changing behaviors的產(chǎn)品，而不是身處德國或美國為中國市場設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品。of consumers and cater to them. Crowd sourcing is a new trend, which,if its done right, can be very inspiring to designers. Designers also needto keep in mind is that you cannot design for China in

20、Germany orAmerica. You have to design locally for the local market./view/e656a4681eb91a37f1115c1d.html2/6 4/13/2019國外客車研究報(bào)告整理2 - 百度文庫GM “Roadmap to 2030” Blue Paper通用汽車2030城市交通藍(lán)皮書GMs Solutions通用汽車的解決方案在 1939 年紐約世博會上，通用汽車的“未來世界”汽車At the 1939 New York Worlds Fair, GMs Futurama offered the public avisi

21、on of personal mobility undreamed of, creating widespread public 館向公眾展示了當(dāng)時(shí)在個(gè)人交通方面的大膽創(chuàng)想，使美support for a network of superhighways in the U.S. Twenty years later,國高速公路網(wǎng)絡(luò)的概念獲得了廣泛的大眾支持。二十年that vision became reality with the creation of an interstate highway 后，隨著州際高速公路系統(tǒng)的建成，這個(gè)愿景變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。system.通用汽車在 2010 年世博

22、會上提出可持續(xù)發(fā)展的城市交通GM is aiming for the same impact with its vision of sustainable urbantransportation at Expo 2010. GM believes a sensible and reasonablesolution for the future will be the development of vercyienetffismalltwo-seat vehicles like the EN-V concept.愿景，希望也能推動城市交通的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。通用汽車認(rèn)為未來交通的合理解決方案是開發(fā)出像

23、 EN-V 電動聯(lián)網(wǎng)概念車這樣節(jié)能的小型雙人座電動車。正如 EN-V 電動聯(lián)網(wǎng)概念車所展示的，未來的汽車將更As embodied by EN-V, these cars of the future will be smarter, safer, and智能、更安全、更環(huán)保。使用電力將使它們完全擺脫對environmentally sustainable. Electric power will make them free frompetroleum and cities free from vehicle emissions. It will also mean thatthe road

24、system would not have to change s icgannitfliy ; rather, its thevehicle that will change.石油的依賴，實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放。它還意味著城市道路系統(tǒng)無需作出重大改變，而汽車可以根據(jù)道路系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行改變。通過 GPS 技術(shù)、遠(yuǎn)程傳感設(shè)備以及無線通信技術(shù)，車輛Developments in GPS technology, distance-sensing devices, and wireless將可以實(shí)現(xiàn)自動駕駛功能，這將使各種缺乏駕駛經(jīng)驗(yàn)以communications will enable cars that drive

25、 themselves. This will not 及殘障人士自由駕駛車輛成為可能。only compensate for lack of experience but also for physical disability or從設(shè)計(jì)的角度，EN-V 電動聯(lián)網(wǎng)概念車滿足了消費(fèi)者對physical impairment among users.未來城市交通更時(shí)尚、更有樂趣的需求。EN-V 電動聯(lián)From the design standpoint, EN-V addresses the desire among網(wǎng)概念車的技術(shù)可以在未來應(yīng)用于其它車型，這也給設(shè)consumers for fu

26、ture urban transportation that is fun and fashionable.計(jì)師提供了開發(fā)新車型的機(jī)會。It opens the door for designers to explore new vehicle types, as thetechnologies in EN-V could be applied to other forms of vehicles in th實(shí)e 現(xiàn) EN-V 電動聯(lián)網(wǎng)概念車的量產(chǎn)需要設(shè)計(jì)師與城市規(guī)future.劃者以及建筑設(shè)計(jì)師進(jìn)行通力合作，也需要從視頻游戲和手機(jī)等其他產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)中吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Taking vehicles l

27、ike EN-V from concept to production will require thecollaboration of designers as well as planners and architects. It will alsorequire adopting lessons learned from the design of other productssuch as video games and cell phones./view/e656a4681eb91a37f1115c1d.html3/6 4/13/2019國外客車研究報(bào)告整理2 - 百度文庫GM “R

28、oadmap to 2030” Blue Paper通用汽車2030城市交通藍(lán)皮書Speaker Highlights演講嘉賓精彩發(fā)言愛德華威爾本Ed Welburn通用汽車公司全球設(shè)計(jì)副總裁GM Vice President, Global DesignInstead of humanity conquering the natural world, we now seek to 人類不再試圖征服大自然，而是尋求與它和諧共存。人類及其產(chǎn)品和自然環(huán)境需要也必須和諧共存。live in harmony with it. People, their products, and the enviro

29、nmentcan and must co-exist.Although public mass transit is an extremely important partof future urban environments, the demand for personaltransportation and the freedom it offers will not decrease.Cars of the future must be smarter, safer, and environmentally盡管公共交通仍然是未來城市規(guī)劃的重點(diǎn)，但個(gè)人交通需求的增長及其提供的便利和自由依

30、然不可忽視。未來的汽車必須更智能、更安全、更環(huán)保。電動車是解決方案之一。GPS技術(shù)、遠(yuǎn)程傳感設(shè)備以及無線通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展可以實(shí)現(xiàn)汽車的自動駕sustainable. Electric vehicles are part of the answer. Developmentsin GPS technology, distance-sensing devices, and wirelesscommunications will create cars that drive themselves.駛。EN-V is a dramatic statement of the future of perso

31、nal mobility andEN-V電動聯(lián)網(wǎng)概念車精彩地闡釋了未來的個(gè)人交通，并為未來城市交通系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展作了鋪墊。它讓未來的駕駛更時(shí)尚，更有樂趣，也為設(shè)計(jì)師提供了開發(fā)新車型的機(jī)會。will pave the way for future urban transportation, while being funand fashionable. It opens the doors for designers to explore newvehicle types.Designers have a responsibility to propose concepts and create n

32、ewproducts that will contribute to the health and sustainability of t he 設(shè)計(jì)師有責(zé)任提出新概念、設(shè)計(jì)出有利于環(huán)境保earth. 護(hù)和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的新產(chǎn)品。Zheng Shiling鄭時(shí)齡Director of the Institute of Architecture and Urban Space, Tongji Universit同y 濟(jì)大學(xué)建筑與城市空間研究所所長Every year in China about 15-20 million rural population moveto urban areas, c

33、reating high pressure on transportationinfrastructure, housing, and the environment.中國每年差不多都有一千五百萬到兩千萬的農(nóng)村人口遷入城市，這給城市的交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、住房和環(huán)境帶來極大的壓力。In 1958, the population density of Shanghai was only 1,740 people1958年，上海人口密度僅為1740人/平方公里，2008年這一數(shù)字已經(jīng)上升至3000人/平方公里，在人口密度最高的區(qū)域，已經(jīng)超過4萬人/平方公里，大約是北京的三倍。per square kilo

34、meter. But in 2008, it was 3000 people per squarekilometer. In the most densely populated area, thgeurefi is morethan 40, 000 people per square kilometer, approximately threetimes that of Beijing.2010年世博會對上海的未來城市發(fā)展將產(chǎn)生關(guān)鍵性的影響。這個(gè)城市還需要進(jìn)一步調(diào)整城市結(jié)構(gòu)、保持持續(xù)發(fā)展、注重生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)以及未來發(fā)展。Expo 2010 will have a critical impact

35、 on Shanghais space inthe future. What is needed includes restructuring, continuousdevelopment, ecological environmental construction, and emphasison future development.Shanghai is stressing preservation of its historical buildings and its上海在城市發(fā)展的過程中，也應(yīng)當(dāng)注重保存歷史建筑和文化風(fēng)貌。historical and cultural styles d

36、uring its development.Shanghai is constructing a cluster structure in which satellite cities上海正在建設(shè)一個(gè)生態(tài)城市群，相應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的衛(wèi)星are created with a strong industrial structure and service functions.城將具備強(qiáng)大的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，并可提供完善的服務(wù)。/view/e656a4681eb91a37f1115c1d.html4/6 4/13/2019國外客車研究報(bào)告整理2 - 百度文庫GM “Roadmap to 2030” Blue Pape

37、r通用汽車2030城市交通藍(lán)皮書Hartmut Esslinger艾斯林格Founder, frog design青蛙設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)始人Design is about advancing culture. Designers are catalysts for設(shè)計(jì)就是傳播更為先進(jìn)的文化理念。設(shè)計(jì)師是推動人類與社區(qū)更好的結(jié)合、并促進(jìn)社會整體進(jìn)步的催化劑。設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品首先需要以人為本，關(guān)注社區(qū)以及社會。bringing people together, bringing areas together, and makingsomething else of it. First focus on people,

38、 humans, communitiesand society.Process is very important ideas are easy, and process cisuldt.iffiDesigners have to look to technology for new solutions. It is very流程非常重要?jiǎng)?chuàng)意很簡單，但流程很難。設(shè)計(jì)師必須依靠技術(shù)尋求新的解決方案，同時(shí)還需要兼顧保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境。important to think more ecological.Listening is important. Crowd sourcing is very inspiring.傾聽非常重要。群智將給設(shè)計(jì)師帶來極大啟發(fā)。品牌的影響力是非常重要的。沒有一種市場策略永遠(yuǎn)保持有效。Brand can be a conversion element. There is never a strategy thatwill work forever.Feng