全國卷高二英語下學(xué)期期末考試分類匯編-閱讀理解之夾敘夾議文

1、04夾敘夾議文Passage 1（2021 四川南充期末）In college, there was a 90senior thesis, a paper we were supposed to spend a year on. So I decided I kind of had to go something step by step. But then, those first few months? They came and went, and I couldnt quite do stuff. Then six months turned into one month, which

2、 turned into two weeks. One day I woke up with three days until the deadline, still not having written a word. So I did the only thing I could: I wrote 90 pages over 72 hours, pulling not one but two all-nighters, sprinted across campus, and got it in just at the deadline. It was a very, very bad th

3、esis.Anyway, today Im a writer-blogger guy. I write the blog Wait But Why about procrastination to explain what goes on in the heads of procrastinators.I had a hypothesis（假想）that the brains of procrastinators were actually different than the brains of other people. Both brains have a Rational Decisi

4、on Maker, but the procrastinator instant brain also has an Instant Gratification Monkey. The Rational Decision Maker will make the reasonable decision to do something productive, but the Monkey doesnt like that plan, who actually takes the wheel. He lives entirely in the present moment and only care

5、s about two things: easy and fun. Sometimes it makes sense to be doing things that are easy and fun, like when you,re having dinner. But other times, it makes much more sense to be doing things that are harder and less pleasant.Thats when we have a conflict. Well, it turns out the procrastinator has

6、 a guardian angel, called the Panic Monster. The Panic Monster is resting most of the time, and he suddenly wakes up anytime a deadline gets too close or theres danger of public embarrassment, a career disaster or some other scary consequence. And importantly, hes the only thing the Monkey is afraid

7、 of.See, thafs what is experiencing in a procrastinator brain.Whafs the purpose of mentioning the experience in my college? A. To explain why I had a hypothesis.B , To show time passed in the blink of an eye.C. To describe what happened and introduce the topic.D. To demonstrate the task was urgent b

8、ut I failed to do it.What does the underlined word procrastination“ in paragraph 2 probably mean?Ye is among the thousands who are interested in “taking adventures”, which they call urban exploration, or “urbex”. The aim is to explore structures-usually abandoned ruins or hidden components of the ma

9、n-made environments”.Venturing into abandoned structures is one of the most common examples of urban exploration. Although targets vary from one country to another, high-profile abandoned structures usually include amusement parks, factories, power plants, missile silos, fallout shelters, hospitals,

10、 asylums, schools and houses.Urban explorers are interested in visiting such sites, as they can discover “other parts of a cityand get to understand its history from a different angle.Ye, who worked as an intern for a German company in Beijing for six months, said he enjoyed the contrast between the

11、 citys two sides- modern and crowded, compared with old-fashioned and silent-and wanted to learn more about the capital during his short stay.Ye said that he was able to finally sneak in through another entrance, yet he was still asked to leave by a gatekeeper shortly after. But he then managed to g

12、et into a newly built residential block, climbed to the top and took a picture of the factory ruins at sunset.“I will come back another day,“ he said.What do we know about Ye Tian in the passage?He enters a place easily every time.He loves exploring natural environment.He is afraid of nothing.He is

13、interested in old buildings.What made Ye Tian fail to enter the entrance first?A The fence.B. The gatekeeper.C. The dog.D. The bag.Why are the urbe explorers keen on visiting the abandoned structures?Because they can do all the research.Because they can move from one country to another.Because they

14、can visit different kinds of places.Because they can know the history of the city.As an urbex explorer, what characteristic is probably most necessary?A Hesitation.B. Thoughtfulness.C. Determination.D. Inspiration.Passage 9（2022安徽定遠縣育才學(xué)校高二期末）My dad passed away peacefully at home yesterday, surrounde

15、d by his family.We are feeling grief but also gratitude. My dads passing was not unexpected - he was 94 and his health had been failing-so we have all had a long time to reflect on just how lucky we are to have had this amazing man in our lives for so many years.My dad had a great influence on my dr

16、ive. When I was a kid, he never let me put very little effort into things I was good at, and he always pushed me to try things I hated. He modeled an amazing work ethic （道德準(zhǔn)貝） as one of the hardest-working and most respected lawyers in Seattle.My dads influence on our philanthropy （慈善彳亍為） was just b

17、ig. Throughout my childhood, he and my mom taught me by example what generosity looked like in how they used their time and resources. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation would not be what it is today without my dad. More than anyone else, he shaped the values of the foundation.Finally, my dad had a

18、 positive influence on my most important roles - husband and father. When I am at my best, I know it is because of what I learned from my dad about respecting women and guiding childrens choices with love and respect.Dad wrote me a letter on my 50th birthday. Over time, “ he wrote, “I have told you

19、and others not to overuse the adjective incredible. This is a word with huge meaning to be used only in extraordinary settings. What I want to say, here, is simply that the experience of being your father has been. incredible.”I know he would not want me to overuse the word, but there is no danger o

20、f doing that now. The experience of being the son of Bill Gates was INCREDIBLE. People used to ask my dad if he was the real Bill Gates. The truth is, he was everything I try to be. I will miss him every day.The underlined part “my drive in paragraph 3 refers to.A. my attitude to wealthB. my interes

21、t in what is roundC. my choice of workD. my effort to something. Based on the text, which word can be used to describe the authors father?A. Honest.B. Creative.C. GenerousD. Confident. At the end of the text the author implies that.A. he regarded his father as his role model B , his father developed

22、 a strict parenting style C. people annoyed him by asking who the real Bill Gates was. D. the family were not allowed to use the adjective “incredible” 36. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?To remember his beloved fatherTo inform people of his fathers death.To reflect on his relationsh

23、ip with his father.To explain how his father got on with the family.Passage 10（2021四川綿陽高二期末）Mozart was a genius, but he struggled like an average person during early twenties. He had to work to make ends meet. Underpaid and unsatisfied by his average performances, he felt a burning desire to devote

24、more time and energy to his art. So after a period of doubt and thinking, thats exactly what he did. He quit his job and began what turned out to be the most creative period of his life.Even if you never hope to reach Mozarts level of mastery, you may relate to his need to break free from convention

25、 （傳統(tǒng)）.Maybe youve done everything right - stood out at school, and got a high-paying job - but youre tired of being just like eveiyone else. Maybe you long to achieve something that is unmistakably you.What, then, is holding you back? Rich Karlgaard, the publisher of Forbes magazine and author of La

26、te Bloomers, argues that our cultures obsession （癡迷）with early achievement discourages us from going after what we love. Instead of having varied interests, studying widely, and taking our time 一 essentials （要素）for self-discovery were encouraged to pass tests, become specialists right away, and purs

27、ue safe and secure careers. As a result, most of us end up choosing professional excellence over personal achievement, and often we lose ourselves in the process.As you move forward, there are a few things to keep in mind. First, its never too late to “become“ yourself. Aristotle, fbr example, didnt

28、 fully devote himself to writing and philosophy until he was nearly 50. There are also benefits to taking a long, winding path to achievement. Remember that age usually brings wisdom, self-knowledge, and creativity. This is one reason the average age of founders of high-growth start-ups is 45.If you

29、 ever get stuck, think of Joanne, a talented and creative woman who bounced from job to job throughout her twenties. She felt like a total failure. But she took that feeling of hopelessness and chose to do what shedalways wanted to do: write fantasy novels for children. As she would later recount, I

30、 stopped pretending to myself that I was anything other than what I was.”Youve probably heard of her. Her pen name is J.K. Rowling.Now get to work.What does the example of Mozart (in the first paragraph) show?Genius is nothing but labor.Suffering makes a man wise.You should stick to what inspires yo

31、u.You need to be different from others.In Rich Karlgaard*s opinion, what prevents people from going after what they love?Desire for early achievement.Too wide a range of interests.A waste of time on self-discovery.A wrong choice in professions.What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragrap

32、h imply?Age can be an advantage in ones life.Failure is of great value to success.45 is the right age for one to start business.The path to achievement is full of difficulties.Whats die main purpose of the passage?To share success stories of some famous people.To stress the importance of professiona

33、l excellence.To analyze the reasons for failure to make early achievements.To encourage people to become themselves whatever the age.【答案】C2. A3. B4. B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者結(jié)合自己寫大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文的經(jīng)歷給讀者講述了拖延者的內(nèi)心想法。.推理判斷題。通讀第一段可知，該段主要講述了作者寫畢業(yè)論文時一直拖延，最后花了兩個晚上寫了一 篇非常糟糕的論文。再結(jié)合下文作者陳述拖延者內(nèi)心的想法推知，第一段提到作者大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷主要是為了 描述當(dāng)時發(fā)生了什么以及

34、引出下文話題。應(yīng)選C。.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第一段But then, those first few months? They came and went, and I couldnt quite do stuff. Then six months turned into one month, which turned into two weeks. One day I woke up with three days until the deadline, still not having written a word. So I did the only thing I could: I wro

35、te 90 pages over 72 hours, pulling not one but two all-nighters （但是，最初的幾個月呢?它們來了又走，我什么都沒做。然后六個月變成了一個月， 又變成了兩周。有一天我醒來，離截止日期還有三天，但我一個字也沒寫。所以我做了我能做的唯一一件 事：我在72小時內(nèi)寫了 90頁，熬了兩個通宵）”可知，第一段描述了作者拖延的情況。由此推知，作者寫 了一篇關(guān)于拖延的博客，解釋拖延者的想法。即劃線詞意為“拖延”，與delay同義。應(yīng)選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Both brains have a Rational Decision Maker

36、, but the procrastinator instant brain also has an Instant Gratification Monkey. The Rational Decision Maker will make the reasonable decision to do something productive, but the Monkey doesnt like that plan, who actually takes the wheel. He lives entirely in the present moment and only cares about

37、two things: easy and fun.（兩種大腦都有一個理性的決策者，但拖延者的 即時大腦也有一個即時的滿足感。理性的決策者會做出合理的決定，去做一些有成效的事情，但Monkey 不喜歡這個計劃，實際上是它在掌舵。它完全活在當(dāng)下，只關(guān)心兩件事：簡單和有趣）”和第四段的“The Panic Monster is resting most of the time, and he suddenly wakes up anytime a deadline gets too close or theres danger of public embarrassment, a career di

38、saster or some other scary consequence. And importantly, hes the only thing the Monkey is afraid of.（恐慌怪獸大局部時間都在休息，但一旦截止日期太近，或者面臨公眾尷尬、職業(yè)災(zāi) 難或其他可怕后果的危險，它就會突然醒來。更重要的是，它是Monkey唯一害怕的東西）”可知，作者的 遐想是：即時的滿足感唯一害怕恐慌怪獸。應(yīng)選B。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第二段“I write the blog Wait But Why about procrastination to explain wha

39、t goes on in the heads of procrastinators.（我寫了一篇關(guān)于拖延的博客，解釋了拖延者的想法）“以 及最后一段“See, thats what is experiencing in a procrastinator brain.（看，這就是拖延者的大腦所經(jīng)歷的）” 可知，作者通過這篇文章主要講述了拖延者的想法。故B項“一個拖延者的內(nèi)心世界”可以作為最正確標(biāo)題。 應(yīng)選Bo5. D6. C7. D8. B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從自身經(jīng)歷出發(fā)，論述了對單獨旅行的看法，單獨旅行能增強韌性， 但作者因為經(jīng)歷過許多困難，已經(jīng)有韌性了，所以作者認為要成為一個獨

40、立的女人，你不需要一個人的旅 程。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“For most of my adult life, Ive felt sightly ashamed-not of something Ive done, but of something I havent. Although Vm an independent person who has been to numerous countries, Ive never gone on an overseas holiday alone.（在我成年后的大局部時間里，我都為我沒有做過的事而感到羞愧。雖然我 是一個獨立的人，去過很多國家

41、，但我從來沒有一個人出國度假）“可知，作者感到有點羞愧的是沒有單獨出 國旅行。應(yīng)選Do.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Solo travel is celebrated. Tve seen a thousand pieces written by adventurous women who claim to have found themselves by crossing countries alone.（單獨旅行很受歡迎。我看過上千篇冒險 的女性寫的文章，她們聲稱自己通過單獨穿越國家找到了自我）“可知，單獨旅行受到喜歡冒險的女性的歡迎 因為她們更好地了解自己。應(yīng)選C。.句意猜想題。根據(jù)畫線局部

42、上文“I am a single parent raising three children while trying to juggle a career. I make endless decisions alone and deal with crises alone. I manage loneliness and fear. I dont need to travel alone to build resilience.”可知，作者是一個撫養(yǎng)三個孩子的單親媽媽，同時還要努力兼顧事業(yè)?？偸且粋€人做決定, 一個人處理危機，作者能控制孤獨和恐懼，所以不需要單獨旅行來培養(yǎng)韌性，因為她經(jīng)歷了生

43、活中的許多 困難，才有了很大的韌性。故畫線局部意思是“她經(jīng)歷了生活中的許多困難，才有了很大的韌性”。應(yīng)選D。.主旨大意題。I 艮據(jù)最后段“And you dont need a solo journey to become an independent woman. I assure you that life will get you there in the end.（要成為一個獨立的女人，你不需要一個人的旅程。我向你保證，生活最 終會把你帶到那里）”結(jié)合文章說明了作者從自身經(jīng)歷出發(fā)，論述了對單獨旅行的看法，單獨旅行能增強韌性, 但作者因為經(jīng)歷過許多困難，已經(jīng)有韌性了，所以作者認為要成為一

44、個獨立的女人，你不需要單獨旅程。 故B選項“抵抗單獨旅行”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。應(yīng)選B。. DIO. CH. B12. A【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在12月已經(jīng)好幾周沒有看到太陽了，當(dāng)再次看到陽光時，引發(fā)了作者 對陽光、對生活和對所有一切的感激之情。.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“But today, we finally saw the light from the sun again. It was still behind clouds but it was so beautiful to just see the light and the beautiful colors in the

45、 sky. That really made my day!（但今天， 我們 終于再次看到了太陽的光芒。它仍然在云層后面，但僅僅看到天空中的光線和美麗的顏色就太美了。這真 讓我開心！廣可知，看到陽光和云讓作者很高興。應(yīng)選D項。.細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段Its only in the contrasts that we can really appreciate life. We need the darkness to see the light. We need the cold to feel the warmth. We need to put ourselves in discomfo

46、rt to appreciate the comfort. And every year this time I get the same deep feelings of gratitude for the light and the sun.（只有在比照 中，我們才能真正感激生活。我們需要黑暗才能看到光明。我們需要寒冷來感受溫暖。我們需要讓自己處 于不適之中，以欣賞這種舒適。每年的這個時候，我都會對陽光和太陽懷有同樣深切的感激之情廣可知，通 過黑暗和光的轉(zhuǎn)換，作者學(xué)會了感激，擁有一顆感激的心來感激一切。應(yīng)選C項。.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段I took the photo of my be

47、autiful home and my village today. And I always love to see Grundtjarn from far away. It really gives you an idea of how far away we live from towns, cities and streetlights. All you can see is forest everywhere.”（今天我拍了我美麗的家和我的村莊的照片。我總是喜歡從很 遠的地方看到格倫德杰恩。它真的讓你知道我們離城鎮(zhèn)、城市和路燈有多遠。到處都是森林）“可知，作者生 活在遠離城鎮(zhèn)的地方，

48、到處是森林，所以作者應(yīng)該過著一個平靜的生活。應(yīng)選B項。. 推理判斷題。 由文章“We are in the middle of December now, and for many weeks we havent even seen a glimpse of the sun.（我們現(xiàn)在在十二月中旬，許多星期我們甚至沒有看到過太陽）”以及后文But today, we finally saw the light from the sun again.（但今天，我們終于再次看到了太陽的光芒）”可知，文章是以第一人稱 寫的，且紀(jì)錄的是最近或者“今天”發(fā)生的事情并發(fā)表雜感，結(jié)合選項，這篇文章最可能在博

49、客上被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故 選A項。. C14. D15. A16. A【解析】本文是一篇議論文。作者用生活事例論述自己對拍照的觀點。.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)文章的第二段作者所舉的例子以及第二段中“I know it happened but I dont really remember it and I think its because 1 have spent so much time behind camera rather than in the moment（我知道這 發(fā)生過，但我真的不記得了，我想這是因為我花了太多時間在鏡頭后面，而不是在那一刻廣可知，作者花 了很多時間拍照，以至于她都不記得當(dāng)時的

50、感覺了。應(yīng)選C項。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“For instance, when I look at the pictures of my son on the day he was bomI am there in the hospital, I remember the mixture of incredible emotions, the way he felt, and I even remember the smell. But I have taken thousands of photos of him since then and they dont have nearly t

51、his much impact.（例如，當(dāng)我看 著我兒子出生那天的照片一我在醫(yī)院里，我記得那難以置信的混合情感，他的感覺，我甚至記得那味道。 但從那以后，我給他拍了成千上萬張照片，這些照片幾乎沒有這么大的影響力廣；第三段第一句And there is another reason to put the camera down.（放下相機還有另夕卜一個原因）“，最后一句At four years old, my little boy already knows that when that black box is in his face, the expectation is on him t

52、o perform.（我的兒子在四歲 的時候就已經(jīng)知道，當(dāng)那個黑盒子出現(xiàn)在他面前時，他就會被期望去表現(xiàn)廣可知，第二段列舉了作者兒子出 生的時候以及成長中給她拍照的例子進行說明，第三段講述了上個月兒子拍照的事情，兩處都是舉例說明 放下相機的原因。應(yīng)選D項。.細節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文章的第三段中immediately I saw some changes in him. He slowed down a bit. His smile lasted too long. At four years old, my little boy already knows that when that black b

53、ox is in his face, the expectation is on him to perform.（我立刻看到了他的一些變化。他放慢了腳步。他笑得時間太久了。我的兒子 在四歲的時候就已經(jīng)知道，當(dāng)那個黑盒子出現(xiàn)在他面前時，他就會被期望去表現(xiàn)）“可知，作者四歲的兒子已 經(jīng)明白要在鏡頭前表現(xiàn)自己。應(yīng)選A項。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Of course, taking photos has its uses and I dont plan to stop now. But my aim is to take a less-is-more approach4當(dāng)然，拍照有它的用處，我現(xiàn)

54、在還不打算停止。但我的目標(biāo)是采取一 種“少即是多”的方法戶可知，作者持客觀態(tài)度，作者并沒有完全否認拍照的用處，她的目標(biāo)是盡量少拍。應(yīng)選 A項。17. A18. D19. B20. D【解析】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者經(jīng)歷過暴風(fēng)雨后就懂得要為下一次暴風(fēng)雨做好準(zhǔn)備。作者通過自身經(jīng)歷 告訴我們要未雨綢繆，要為人生中出現(xiàn)的困境隨時做好準(zhǔn)備。.詞句猜想題。根據(jù)劃線詞前一句提到“Our area had just been in the path of Hurricane Irma, causing downed trees（我們所在的地區(qū)剛剛進入颶風(fēng)艾爾瑪?shù)穆窂?，?dǎo)致樹木倒塌）”及后一句提到“We were

55、 stuck in the dark and cut off from the outside world.（我們被困在黑暗中，與外界隔絕廣可知，作者和丈夫所在的地區(qū)剛剛受到 颶風(fēng)“厄瑪”的襲擊，導(dǎo)致樹木倒下，他們被困，與外界失去聯(lián)系。由此推知，戈lJ線詞。utages與P。wercuts 意思接近，意為“停電”。應(yīng)選A。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中“Now we have stored up flashlights, lanterns and candles. We bought a battery-operated radio to keep up with the news. We sto

56、cked up on batteries so that wed have plenty for extended power failures. We make sure our grill （烤架）is ready and its tank is full, and we purchase food that can be easily prepared and then cooked or heated on the grill. And we dont forget to buy emergency chocolate! We have book lights to read in t

57、he dark. We keep our car gas tanks full and have emergency cash on hand（現(xiàn)在我彳| 已經(jīng)儲存了 手電筒、燈籠和蠟燭。我們買了一臺電池供電的收音機來收聽新聞。我們儲藏了電池，以便我們有足夠 的時間來應(yīng)對長時間的電源故障。我們確保我們的烤架已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好并且它的水箱是滿的，我們購買的食物 可以很容易地準(zhǔn)備好，然后在烤架上烹飪或加熱。我們不要忘記購買緊急巧克力！我們有書燈可以在黑 暗中閱讀。我們將汽車油箱裝滿，并備有應(yīng)急現(xiàn)金廣可知，經(jīng)歷了以前的暴風(fēng)雨之后，作者隨時準(zhǔn)備了照 明用的東西、電池，還有烤架、食物，汽車油箱也加滿了油，手頭還

58、有應(yīng)急現(xiàn)金。由此可知，第三段主要 講述了作者為以后的暴風(fēng)雨所做的準(zhǔn)備。應(yīng)選D。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“but we wouldnt have learned to do all those things if we hadnt encountered a storm in the past.（但如果我們過去沒有遇至U風(fēng)暴，我們就不會學(xué)會做所有這些事情）“以及“They can teach us some valuable lessons.（他們可以教給我們一些珍貴的經(jīng)驗廠可推知，作者認為曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過的暴風(fēng)雨對他們是 有益的。應(yīng)選B。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Now is the ti

59、me to get ready. . . not when the storm arrives.（現(xiàn)在是做好準(zhǔn) 備的時候了不是在暴風(fēng)雨來臨的時候）”可知，作者認為現(xiàn)在要為以后的暴風(fēng)雨做準(zhǔn)備，而不是當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨 來臨的時候才準(zhǔn)備。由此推知，作者的故事告訴我們一定要未雨綢繆。應(yīng)選D。. B22. A23. D24. C【解析】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者作為非專業(yè)人士，與科學(xué)家和專業(yè)研究人員一起參加科學(xué)考 察，并由此探討了實際操作科學(xué)的開展前景：要不了一代人的時間，就會有大批非專業(yè)的生物勘探者出現(xiàn)。 21.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Tm on a taxonomy expedition at the

60、 Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre in the Kingdom of Brunei Darussalam with a small group of entomologists （昆蟲學(xué)家），biotech researchers and laypeople （門夕卜漢）like me. We are searching for new species in the rainforest under the guidance of a research organization.（我正在文萊達魯薩蘭國的吉隆坡貝拉龍實地研究中心進行分類學(xué)考察，隨行的還有一