廣東省2021中考英語第一部分語法精講精練七動詞和動詞短語課件

1、第七節(jié) 動詞和動詞短語第一部分 語法精講精練目錄contents考點突破考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四 課堂小測中考模擬演練考點一 考點二 考點三 考點四中考導(dǎo)航目錄contents考點廣東省卷近五年中考統(tǒng)計高頻考點201220132014201520161.系動詞、助動詞2.情態(tài)動詞3.動詞短語4.動詞、動詞短語辨析完形（4分）完形（4分）完形（5分）完形（4分）完形（3分）目錄contents考情分析：從近五年考查情況來看，動詞和動詞短語是重要考點，每年均考查2題以上，其中動詞短語是每年的必考點，情態(tài)動詞也是高頻考點。2017年備考時要特別注意動詞短語的練習(xí)，熟記?？嫉膭釉~短語，不要混淆；

2、對情態(tài)動詞、系動詞和助動詞也要熟練掌握。動詞、動詞短語辨析是完形填空中的重要考點，每年均考查3題以上，是完形填空中所占分值比重最大的考點，同學(xué)們要重點突破。目錄contents考點預(yù)測:1.系動詞look, sound, seem, feel的用法辨析;2.情態(tài)動詞：表推測的can與must； must表禁止;3.動詞短語：動詞+介詞in，如get in, take in, join in, give in, hand in；動詞+for，如ask for, pay for, wait for, look for； 動詞+up，如give up, wake up, stay up, make

3、up, pick up, clear up；動詞+副詞+介詞，如look down upon, catch up with, do well in 等?？键c突破考點一 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識考點二 系動詞、助動詞考點三 情態(tài)動詞考點四 動詞短語考點五 動詞、動詞短語辨析目錄contents考點1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識Listen attentively(本考點為動詞的基本知識，雖不會直接出題，但也要了解，對掌握和理解其他考點有幫助。)1.動詞的基本形式(1)動詞原形原形是動詞最基本的形式，沒作任何變化。如like，come，watch，play，run，wash等。(2)第三人稱單數(shù)形式在一般現(xiàn)在時

4、態(tài)中，當(dāng)句子的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，句中的謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動詞原形后面加s或-es構(gòu)成。不規(guī)則變化:a.動詞be在一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中有三種形式:am，is和are。 b.have的第三人稱單數(shù)形式是has?？键c1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識考點1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識Listen attentively巧學(xué)妙記am，is和are的使用“我I”，用am,“你/you”用are, is用于“他/he”“她/she”“它/it”。遇到復(fù)數(shù)都用are。 考點1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識Listen attentively (3)現(xiàn)在分詞在進(jìn)行時態(tài)中，動詞原形要改為現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分

5、詞一般在動詞原形末尾加-ing。詳細(xì)規(guī)則如下:情況變化方法例詞一般情況在動詞末尾加-ingwork-working, go-going以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞去掉e，再加-ingcome-coming, make-making以ie結(jié)尾的動詞(初中共3個改ie為y,再加-ingdie-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞先雙寫這一輔音字母，再加-ingget-getting，run-running, plan-planning，chat-chatting考點1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識Listen attentively(4)過去式在一般過去時

6、態(tài)中，動詞原形要改為過去式。過去式一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed。詳細(xì)規(guī)則如下:情況變化方法例詞一般情況在動詞末尾加-edwork-workd ,want-wanted以的e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加-ddance-danced , hope-hoped以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞改y為i再加-edcarry-carried, try-tried以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞先雙寫這一輔音字母，再加-edstop-stopped , chat- chatted考點1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識Listen attentively (5)過去分詞在完成時態(tài)和被動語態(tài)中，動詞原形要改為過去分詞。規(guī)則動詞的過去

7、分詞同過去式?？键c1 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識Listen attentively2.及物動詞和不及物動詞動詞根據(jù)能否接賓語可分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。如下表:及物動詞及物動詞本身意義不完整，需要接賓語才能使其意思完整。如:love,need,ask,want,have主要用于下列三種句型中:動詞+賓語;動詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ);動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語Would you please open the window?請你打開窗戶好嗎？We call him Bill.我們叫他比爾。May I ask you a question?我可以問你一個問題嗎？不及物動詞不及物動詞自身意思完整，無需接賓語。如:ha

8、ppen, come,go,run,workHorses run fast.馬跑得快。They work in a factory.他們在一家工廠工作?？键c1 系動詞、助動詞Listen attentively考點2 系動詞、助動詞()分類定義例詞例句系動詞本身有意義，但不能單獨作謂語，須和表語構(gòu)成謂語。這些詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式，也不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)常見的系動詞有:become(變得)，get(成為，變得)，look(看上去)，seem(似乎，好像)，turn(變得)，sound(聽起來)，smell(聞起來)，taste(嘗起來)，feel(感覺)，keep(保持)The mountain loo

9、ks so beautiful. 這座山看起來真漂亮。It sounds great! 聽起來很棒！助動詞助動詞本身無詞義或意義不完整，不能單獨用作謂語。它必須和別的動詞連用，幫助構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定句和疑問句等結(jié)構(gòu)。常用的助動詞有:is, am, are, was, were, isnt, arent, wasnt, werent, am not, do, does, did, doesnt, dont, didnt, will,wont, have, has, havent, hasnt等 Tom is reading a book under the tree湯姆正在樹下看書。(is

10、幫助構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時)What did you do last Saturday？上星期六你做了什么?(did用于構(gòu)成疑問句)（ ）1.(2011廣東)This silk dress_so smooth.Its made in China.A.feelsb.smells C.sounds D.tastes（）3.Some of my friends eat with their eyes.They prefer to order what_nice.A.feels B.smells C.looks D.tastesA母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測C考點2 系動詞、助動詞Listen attentively（ ）2

11、.(2010廣東)You_cool!Are these your new sunglasses?A.taste B.look C.smell D.sound（）4.Why do you want to stay at home?Because I_ good when I am with my family.A.smelt B.feel C.taste D.soundB母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測B考點2 系動詞、助動詞Listen attentively考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively考點3 情態(tài)動詞()1.情態(tài)動詞的類型只作情態(tài)動詞的有:must；can(could)；may(mi

12、ght)；可作情態(tài)動詞也可作實義動詞的有:need；可作情態(tài)動詞也可作助動詞的有:will(would)；shall (should)；具有情態(tài)動詞的某些特征的有:have to； ought to。2.情態(tài)動詞的特征有一定的詞義，但不能單獨作謂語，必須和行為動詞或系動詞連用，構(gòu)成謂語?？键c3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively無人稱和數(shù)的變化(have to例外:用于第三人稱單數(shù)時用has to)。如:We must stay here.我們必須待在這兒。 We have to walk home.我們不得不步行回家。He has to walk home.他不得不步行回家。后接動

13、詞原形，即不帶to的不定式。如:She may lose her way.她可能迷路了。具有助動詞的作用，可用來構(gòu)成否定句、疑問句及用于簡明答語。如:Can you sing an English song?你會唱英語歌嗎? Yes,I can.是的，我會?？键c3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively3.幾個重要情態(tài)動詞的用法（1）can和could的用法及區(qū)別情態(tài)動詞can和could的三個基本用法: A.都可表示能力，意思是“能，會”，can的否定形式是cant (cannot)，意思是“不能，不會”。在過去時態(tài)中則對應(yīng)用could和couldnt。如:My brother can

14、t fly a kite.我弟弟不會放風(fēng)箏。 Could you swim at the age of six?你6歲時會游泳嗎？ 考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentivelyB.都可表示推測，意思是“可能”，一般用于否定句和疑問句中，can的否定式cant意思是“不可能”。這種用法中could本身可以作為一個情態(tài)動詞使用，而不是can的過去式；could用于表示過去的推測時則是can用于過去時中。如:What can your sister be doing now?你妹妹現(xiàn)在可能在干什么呢？You could be right，but I dont think so.你可能是對的，

15、但我認(rèn)為不是這樣?？键c3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentivelyC.can和could都可以用來表示請求許可，意思是“能，可以”。此時can 一般用于平輩、熟人之間；could語氣較為委婉客氣，一般用于向老師、父母和長輩請求許可。注意:這種用法中，答句都用can的適當(dāng)形式。如:Could I watch TV now，dad?爸爸，我現(xiàn)在可以看電視嗎？No，you cant.You must finish your homework first.不，不可以。你必須先完成你的作業(yè)?？键c3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（2）can與be able to的用法及區(qū)別兩者都表示能

16、夠；可能。be able to可以用于各種時態(tài)，can沒有將來時和完成時。如:They will be able to tell you the news soon.他很快就能告訴你消息了。can和它的過去式could還可表示請求和猜測。如:Could I have the television on?我可以打開電視嗎？(表示請求)Yes,you can.No,you cant.是的，你可以。/不，你不能。He couldnt be a bad man.他不大可能是壞人。(表示推測或懷疑)考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（3）may與might的用法及區(qū)別二者都可以表示“請

17、求，許可”，might的語氣較為委婉。如:You may go home if you finish your homework.如果你做完作業(yè)了你就可以回家了。May I use your pen?對may開頭的問句進(jìn)行回答時，肯定回答用Yes，please.或Certainly/OK/Sure等；否定回答用Please dont.或No,you mustnt. /No,you cant.（4）have to與must的用法及區(qū)別二者都是“必須”的意思，have to表示客觀的需要，must表示說話人主觀上的看法，即主觀上的必要。如:考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentivelyMy

18、brother was very ill，so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)He said that they must work hard.他說他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這件事)注意: 以must開頭的疑問句，否定回答用neednt或dont have toMust I go there with you？我必須跟你去那兒嗎？No,you neednt./dont have to.不，你不必。/不一定。在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中:not have to表示“不必”

19、，mustnt表示“禁止”。如:考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentivelyYou dont have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You mustnt tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。（5）may和can的用法區(qū)別may和can都可以表示推測，can用于否定句和疑問句，may用于肯定句和否定句。兩者都可用于否定句，但含義不同:cant是“不可能”，may not意思是“可能不”。如:It cant be true.這不可能是真的。It may not be true.這可能不是真的?？键c3 情態(tài)動詞Listen at

20、tentively情態(tài)動詞記憶口訣情態(tài)動詞一要點；動詞原形跟后面。can“能夠”may“許可”，must“責(zé)任”或“義務(wù)”，否定回答neednt換；“需要”need，should“應(yīng)該”，would“愿”，have to“被迫”表客觀?？键c3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（6）should表示“應(yīng)該”；shall與第一人稱連用表示征求別人意見，或提出建議。（7）need既是情態(tài)動詞又是實義動詞。作為情態(tài)動詞，主要用于否定句和疑問句中表示“必須，必要”。如:She neednt go there right now.她不需要現(xiàn)在去那兒。Need I come?那需要我過去嗎？Ye

21、s,you must.是的，你必須來。作實義動詞:表示需要，要求，常用結(jié)構(gòu):need+n./to do sth.She needs some food and drink.她需要一些食物和飲料。We need to repair the road in two weeks.我們要在兩周內(nèi)修好這條路。（ ）1.(2016廣東)Mum,_ I visit the Modern Art Museum next Monday?Im afraid you cant.All the museums in this city are closed on Monday.A.would B.need C.sho

22、uld D.may（）6.Excuse me, sir, visiting hours are over.You _ leave.Pardon me, nurse.I didnt hear the bell.A.may B.canC.must D.needD母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測C考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（ ）2.(2015廣東)Look! The traffic light has turned red.We _ stop our car. A.can B.cant C.must D.mustnt （）7.Excuse me, may I keep the book a

23、 little longer?Sorry.You _ return it today.A.must B.mustnt C.can D.cantC母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（ ）3.(2014廣東)_you come with me to Lang Langs piano concert this evening?Id love to, but I have to study for my math test.A.Should B.May C.Must D.Can（）8.May I play computer games now, Mom?No.You

24、_ finish your homework first.A.must B.canC.could D.mayD母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（ ）4.(2013廣東)Someone is knocking at the door.Is it Ann?It_be her.She is giving a performance at the theater now.A.may B.must C.cant D.mustnt（）9.My uncle _ come back from Hong Kong to see me this weekend, but he

25、 hasnt decided yet.A.may B.canC.would D.mustC母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively（ ）5.(2012廣東)_ I swim here?Im sorry.Children _ swim alone here.A.Must； cant B.May； mustC.Can； mustnt D.Cant； can（）10._ I finish my homework now?No, you_.Your work is over today.A.Cant; must B.Must; dont have toC.May; cou

26、ldnt D.Couldnt; couldC母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測B考點3 情態(tài)動詞Listen attentively考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively考點4 動詞短語()?？紕釉~短語歸納：look:look for尋找 look after照顧看管 look around環(huán)顧四周 look up查找(在字典或參考書中)；抬頭看 look at看 look like看起來像turn:turn on打開(電器，水龍頭等) turn off關(guān)上(電器，水龍頭等) turn up開大(音量，煤氣) turn down關(guān)小(音量，煤氣)考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively

27、fall:fall off從掉下來 fall behind落后 fall over摔跤，跌倒在地put:put away收拾好，放好 put on穿上 put.down把放下 put up舉起thanks:thanks to多虧，由于 thanks for為感謝send:send for派人去請 send away開除，除名 send up發(fā)射 send out發(fā)出hear:hear of聽說 hear from收到某人來信hurry:hurry off匆忙離去 hurry up趕快考點4 動詞短語Listen attentivelytake:take a rest休息一會 take a wa

28、lk散步 take away拿走 take off脫掉，(飛機(jī))起飛 take.to.把拿到，(帶到) take ones time別著急pay:pay for付錢 pay back還債，償還 pay off付清，償清(債務(wù))11. talk:talk about談?wù)?事) talk with與某人交談 talk over商量考點4 動詞短語Listen e:come back回來 come down下來 come from來自 come in進(jìn)來 come out出現(xiàn)13. get:get back返回，取回 get home到家 get into進(jìn)入 get off下車 get on上車

29、get on with與某人相處get ready for為準(zhǔn)備 get ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事 get up起床14.go:go on with繼續(xù) go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做考點4 動詞短語Listen attentivelygo to bed睡覺 go to sleep入睡 go shopping(for a walk，to the cinema，home)去買東西(散步，看電影，回家) go to school上學(xué)15.have:have a cold著涼，傷風(fēng) have a good time玩得高興 have a look at看一看 have a

30、match比賽 have a rest休息一會兒 have a talk談話 have to不得不 have classes上課 have breakfast(lunch，supper)吃早飯(午飯，晚飯)16.wait:wait on服侍(某人) wait for等待(某人) 考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively17.write:write down寫下，記下 write to給寫信18.help:help sb. with sth.在某方面幫助某人 help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事19.want:want to do sth.想做某事 want sb

31、. to do sth.想要某人做某事20.agree:agree with sb. 同意某人的意見 agree to sth.同意某事考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively(說明：由于篇幅限制，本書列出的動詞短語有限，同學(xué)們要注意對動詞短語的積累，同學(xué)們在平時練習(xí)中遇到自己還沒有掌握的動詞短語要用筆記本摘抄下來，理解清楚其用法和含義。)（ ）1.(2016 廣東)Martin and Susan_for Shanghai to attend an international meeting yesterday.A.put off B.fell offC.set off D.ke

32、pt off （）7.Which would you like to read, paper books or e-books? My parents only allow me to read paper books. They_ my eyes.talk about B. hear about C. learn about D. worry aboutC母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測D考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively（ ）2.(2015廣東)Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow? It _ the weather. A.carries on B

33、.lives on C.depends on D.holds on （）8.The 18th Jiangsu Provincial Games will _ in September.Many students want to be volunteers.A.take place B.take part C.take action D.take care C母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測A考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively（ ）3.(2014廣東)I will miss my family when I go abroad for further study this autumn.Don

34、t worry.You can _them by e-mail.A.come up withB.get along withC.make friends withD.keep in touch with（）9.If you have lost a library book, you have to_it.A.find out B.look afterC.pay for D.take careD母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測C考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively（ ）4.(2013 廣東) Again and again the doctor_the crying baby girl,but

35、he couldnt find out what was wrong with her.A.looked over B.looked afterC.looked for D.looked out（）10.You dont have to_ every new word in the dictionary while reading.A.look for B.look upC.look at D.look afterA母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測B考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively（ ）5.(2012廣東)I love this song by Lady Gaga.Would you _

36、the TV a bit, please? I cant hear it clearly.A.turn on B.turn offC.turn up D.turn down （）11.Would you please_ the radio a little bit? Its too loud.A.turn on B.turn upC.turn off D.turn downC母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測D考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively（ ）6.(2011廣東)Smoking is bad for your health.Youd better_.A.set it up B.give

37、it upC.pick it up D.look it up（）12.Why do you collect so many old bikes?Ill have them_ and give away to the children who dont have bikes.A.used up B.given upC.fixed up D.set upB母題訓(xùn)練中考預(yù)測C考點4 動詞短語Listen attentively考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析()1.carry，take與bring的區(qū)別(1)take是指將某物或某人從這里“帶到

38、”或“拿到”某處。(2)bring與take相反，是指將某物或某人從別處“帶來”或“拿來”。(3)carry是指隨身攜帶(背著、扛著、提著、抱著)，不表明來去的方向。練習(xí):Could you _ it to the classroom?May I _ Tom to see you next Monday?The box is heavy.Can you _ it?takebringcarry考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively2.cross和across的區(qū)別cross與across都表示“穿過；橫過”的意思。但是cross是及物動詞，across是介詞，across

39、的前面必須還要有謂語動詞。練習(xí):When is it safe to _ the road?什么時候過馬路安全？Go _ the bridge. Youll find the museum on the left.走過這座橋，你就會在左邊看到那個博物館。crossacross考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively3.find,look for與find out的區(qū)別(find的意思是“找到”，look for是“尋找”，find out是經(jīng)過調(diào)查“發(fā)現(xiàn)、查明(真相)”。練習(xí):I cant _ the broom.He is _ different places.Jane

40、 was angry when Lucy _ her secrets.findlooking forfound out考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively4.forget, leave和lose的區(qū)別三詞都有“忘”、“丟”的意思。其區(qū)別:forget常表示“記不起”、“忘了要帶(買)”；leave表示“把某物忘(丟)在某地了”；lose表示“丟了，沒找到(或找不到)”。練習(xí):I _ his name. He _ his gloves on the train. Ive _ the money.forgetleftlost考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen atte

41、ntively5.hear與listen to的區(qū)別hear與listen to之間的區(qū)別，同see與look at之間的區(qū)別非常相似。hear的意思是“聽見；聽到”，listen to的意思是“傾聽”(集中注意力去聽)。練習(xí):We _ somebody knocking at the door.He was _ the music.heardlistening to考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively6.hit與beat的區(qū)別hit和beat都有“打；擊”的含義，但beat主要表示“連續(xù)地打；毆打；打敗”，hit表示“有目標(biāo)地打；擊中”。練習(xí):The rain is

42、 _ against the windows.He _ her on the head with a bottle.beatinghit考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively7.let與make的區(qū)別make是強(qiáng)制的，而let是非強(qiáng)制的。練習(xí):He _ her go.他強(qiáng)迫她去。He _ her go.他讓她去。8.lend，borrow與keep的區(qū)別borrow，lend，keep都可以表示“借”的意思。(1)borrow“借入”，向某人借某物用“borrow.from”。 (2)lend“借出”，把某物借給某人，用“l(fā)end.to”。madelet考點5 動詞、動

43、詞短語辨析Listen attentively(3)borrow和lend都是短暫性動詞，要表示借多久，要用keep。練習(xí):I _ a bike from him.Dont _ it to others.How long can I _ this book?You can _ it for two weeks.9.look，see與watch的區(qū)別從意義來分，look(at)是“看”，不表示看得見或看不見，see是“看見”，watch是“觀看；注視”。練習(xí):_ at the picture.It was dark in the room. We could _ nothing.He is _

44、TV.borrowedlendkeepkeepLookseewatching考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively10.lose，miss的區(qū)別lose和miss都表示“失去”的意思。(1)lose:“失去”、“失掉”，含有失去而不可復(fù)得之意。(2)miss:“失去”、“遺失”。指在需要時，發(fā)現(xiàn)或感覺不在。miss還常表示“錯過”、“想念”的意思。練習(xí):Many people _ their lives in the traffic accident.When did you _ your wallet?She _ the first bus.lostlosemisse

45、d考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively11.reach，arrive與get to的區(qū)別reach，arrive和詞組get to都表示“到達(dá)”某處。但reach是及物動詞，后面直接跟表示地點的名詞作賓語。arrive是不及物動詞，后面要用介詞at或in放在表示地點的賓語之前(較大的城市或地區(qū)用in，較小的地方用at)。get to 一般多用于口語中。練習(xí):We _ the top of the hill at last.They _ in Beijing last week.I _ school at about 7：30 every day.reachedarri

46、vedget to考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively12.speak，say，talk與tell的區(qū)別speak，say和talk都含有“說、講、說話”的意思。但在用法上是有區(qū)別的。(1)speak常常用來指人們對語言的掌握或使用，不強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容。(2)say 一般用作及物動詞，著重指說話的內(nèi)容，而且后面常常帶有直接或間接引語。(3)talk 一般用作不及物動詞，著重指連續(xù)地說話或與人交談。talk有時也可用作名詞，表示“講話；演講；報告”。(4)tell的意思是“告訴；講述；吩咐”?？键c5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively練習(xí):They _

47、 English and French.Did you _ anything?I shall _ to your father about your health.Tomorrow I want you to give us a _，Jim.Dont _ me.Let me guess.13.spend，cost，take與pay的區(qū)別(1)表示“花費(fèi)金錢”，用cost和spend。cost指“某物值多少錢或某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢”；而spend指“某人花費(fèi)多少錢購買某物”。speaksaytalktalktell考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively(2)表示“花費(fèi)時間”

48、，用cost，spend或take都可以。cost和take指“某事花費(fèi)(某人)多少時間”；而spend則指“某人花費(fèi)多少時間做某事”。(3)pay作動詞時，意思是“付款”或“支付”，可以有被動語態(tài)。練習(xí):This dictionary _ me thirty yuan.My teacher _ a lot of money on books.Writing books _ a great deal of time.It _ him five months to get a new company started.She _ 3 years (in) writing this novel.co

49、stsspendscosts/takestookspent考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentivelyIm afraid that if youve lost it，you must _ for it.14.stop to do與stop doing的區(qū)別兩種結(jié)構(gòu)都表示“停止”的意思，但它們的含義截然不同。(1)stop to do表示“停下來去做”。(stop是不及物動詞(2)stop doing表示“停止做”(stop是及物動詞，-ing動詞是它的賓語。)練習(xí):They _ talk with their teacher.They _ talking with their

50、 teacher.paystopped tostopped考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively15.wear與put on的區(qū)別(1)wear是“穿著；戴著”的意思，重點表示狀態(tài)。(2)put on是“穿上；戴上”的意思，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。練習(xí):Lucy is _ blue trousers and a blouse.Dont be late，oh，and _ your old clothes.wearingput on考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively16.wish，hope與expect的區(qū)別(1)用wish表示說話人不考慮是否可能實現(xiàn)祝愿，沒

51、有可能性的愿望也用wish。(2)用hope則表示說話人認(rèn)為可能實現(xiàn)。(3)expect只表示認(rèn)為某事會發(fā)生或有可能發(fā)生。如:練習(xí):I _ I could become French tomorrow.I _ you can help me.I _ that hell pass the exam.wishhopeexpect考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively17.used to do, be used to doing和be used to do的區(qū)別(1) used to do意為“過去常常做某事”。(2) be used to doing意為“習(xí)慣做某事”，其中

52、的to是介詞，故其后要接v-ing形式。 (3) be used to do意為“被用來做某事”，其中的to do是不定式，用來表目的。練習(xí):The boy used to _ short, but now he is very tall.Tim is used to _ a cup of coffee in the morning.Knives are _ cut things.behavingused to考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively18.think of,think about,think over的區(qū)別（1）think of意為“想起”。(2)thin

53、k about意為“考慮”，賓語it或them放在介詞后。(3)think over意為“仔細(xì)考慮”，it，them放在中間，一般指考慮問題。練習(xí):I couldnt _the name of that man anyhow.Theyre _buying a new car._ it _ ,and youll find a way.think ofthinking aboutThinkover考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively動詞、動詞短語辨析完形填空專練 Bert Manson, 82，slowly opened his eyes and turned to fa

54、ce the clock on the bedside table.It was 8:23 a.m. He felt sad.The time was nothing to him.He had nothing to_1_ all day.He_2_ on the bed, listening to the cars on the highway and the shouts of the children running to school.考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively After a while, Bert carefully _3_ bed and as

55、ked himself the same questions as he did every morning: Would he fall today? If so, would anyone come? How long would he _4_? Would he die? He looked out of the window into the street below.“And who would _5_?” he spoke quietly.考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively After Berts wife died a year ago, his so

56、n and daughter said they would _6_ once a week.But the last time was months ago.On the phone, they always had a reason: too busy at work; the children are sick; bad weather; no time. Nobody _7_ to have any time.except for Bert. He_8_ his granddaughters.He loved it when Mandy and Ruth came to visit.T

57、hey _9_ him candy and hope.考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively After Berts wife died a year ago, his son and daughter said they would _6_ once a week.But the last time was months ago.On the phone, they always had a reason: too busy at work; the children are sick; bad weather; no time. Nobody _7_ to have

58、 any time.except for Bert. He_8_ his granddaughters.He loved it when Mandy and Ruth came to visit.They _9_ him candy and hope. He_10_ a chair near the bedroom door in pain. He rested for a moment before continuing in small steps to the bathroom.考點5 動詞、動詞短語辨析Listen attentively( )1.A.eat B.drink C.was

59、h D.do( )2.A.sat B.slept C.lay D.stood( )3.A.walked onto B.got out of C.looked out of D.lay on( )4.A.hide B.wait C.follow D.lie( )5.A.care B.decide C.forget D.remember( )6.A.visit B.stay C.cook D.watch TV( )7.A.seemed B.tried C.remembered D.stopped( )8.A.introduced B.missed C.refused D.called( )9.A.

60、gave B.took C.showed D.brought( )10.A.ran to B.hurried to C.got into D.walked toDCBBAAABDD課堂小測目錄contents考點一 有關(guān)動詞的基本知識考點二 系動詞、助動詞考點三 情態(tài)動詞考點四 動詞短語考點五 動詞、動詞短語辨析目錄contents( ) 1.(導(dǎo)學(xué)號 44372355)(2016重慶)You must be more careful and _ the same mistakes youve ever made.A.plan B.follow C.avoid D.enjoy( ) 2.(導(dǎo)學(xué)