奶牛鐵器病(創(chuàng)傷性網(wǎng)胃腹膜炎)

1、奶牛鐵器病（創(chuàng)傷性網(wǎng)胃腹膜炎）Hardware Disease in Cows (Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis)Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt Translated by Dr. Ren Xiaoling 病因/發(fā)病機(jī)理 Cause & Pathogenesis如果有金屬或鐵釘混雜在飼料中，牛會(huì)不加選擇地吃掉 Cows are indiscriminate eaters and if wire or nails in the feed, they will eat them這些異物（FB）進(jìn)入網(wǎng)胃隨著網(wǎng)胃的收縮，會(huì)穿透網(wǎng)胃壁 The for

2、eign body (FB) falls into the reticulum and with contraction of the reticulum; the FB penetrates the wall of the reticulum網(wǎng)胃穿孔可引起局限性或彌漫性腹膜炎，導(dǎo)致大面積的膿腫 Leakage can cause localized or diffuse peritonitis and result in tract abscesses這些異物偶爾也可以穿透肝臟進(jìn)入心包 The FB can penetrate the liver and occasionally, pass

3、 into the pericardium臨床癥狀Clinical Findings突然發(fā)作 Sudden onset低燒（39+） Low-grade fever (39 +)停食、產(chǎn)奶量急劇下降 Off feed and a sharp drop in milk production瘤胃弛緩，少糞，或有輕微膨脹 Static rumen, little feces and maybe slightly bloated肘關(guān)節(jié)外展、經(jīng)常拱背 Elbows abducted and often have arched back髻甲擠壓表現(xiàn)敏感不安 Grunt on withers pinchSk

4、ooch”試驗(yàn)擠壓劍突有疼痛反應(yīng) Grunt on “Skooch” test pressure on xiphoid腹腔穿刺術(shù)可能表現(xiàn)彌漫性腹 Abdominocentesis may support diffuse peritonitis診斷DiagnosisClinical signsRule out鑒別診斷Differential DiagnosisPeritonitis due to other causesIndigestionIntestinal accident治療Treatment保守療法 Conservative Medical扁平的強(qiáng)大磁鐵 Flat strong Mag

5、net廣譜抗生素青霉素，Excenel（一種抗生素），三甲氧芐氨嘧啶或土霉素 Broad-spectrum antibiotics penicillin, Excenel, TMP or oxytetracycline止痛藥Flunixin（消炎止痛藥），Anafen（消炎止痛藥），阿司匹林或保泰松 Analgesics Flunixin, Anafen, Aspirin or Phenylbutazone抬高牛前軀 Elevate the front end of the cow瘤胃切開術(shù)Rumenotomy 如果藥物治療無(wú)效Only if no response to medical tr

6、eatment左側(cè)剖腹術(shù)Left side laporatomy檢查網(wǎng)胃前端是否粘連（不要打開） Check for adhesions in front of reticulum (do not break down) 縫合瘤胃背側(cè)囊至皮膚不透水的縫合方式Suture dorsal sac of rumen to skin watertight suture pattern進(jìn)入瘤胃背側(cè)囊 Incise into dorsal sac of rumen 手伸入網(wǎng)胃搜查異物取出 Pass hand into reticulum and search for foreign body remove

7、檢查網(wǎng)胃中間壁的膿腫情況使流入網(wǎng)胃 Check for abscess formation on medial wall of reticulum drain into reticulum用雙層倒置法縫合瘤胃切開部位 Close Rumenotomy with double layer inverting用四層縫合法縫合體壁 Close body wall with four-layer closure應(yīng)用廣譜抗生素5天Broad-spectrum antibiotics for five days預(yù)后情況Prognosis大多數(shù)藥物治療有效 Most respond to medical treatment如果有彌漫性腹膜炎，預(yù)后不良If diffuse peritonitis, poor prognosis 預(yù)防Prevention & ControlAdministe