2022年湖南省寧鄉(xiāng)一中等部分中學高三一診考試英語試卷含答案

1、2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：1答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角條形碼粘貼處。2作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡

2、一并交回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1In front of the whole audience, Premiere Li made his promise _ the government would try its best to solve the problem of poverty in China.Awhat BwhichCwhether Dthat2She sat on the top of the stairs _ her head on her crossed arms and cried.AforBwhenCwithDwhile3If you h

3、ave a job, _ yourself to it and finally youll succeed.Ado devoteBto devoteCdevotingDdevoted4Zhouqu, Gansu was attacked by such a terrible mud-rock flow few residents had ever experienced before.AasBwhichCwhereDthat5Ive got something weighing on my mind. Could you give me some advice?_. Tell me all a

4、bout it and Ill do what I can.ADont mention itBNo wonderCMy pleasureDNo problem6Life the like _ ocean; Only _strong-willed can reach the other shore.Aan; theBthe; aCthe ;/D/ ; a7Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _ to its original appearance.Arestored BdeliveredC

5、transferred Ddrafted8The Kiwi fruits in this supermarket are _ sale now, and they are sold _ the pound. Really? How much cheaper are they?Afor; inBon; byCfor, byDon, in9Having lost something in the cloakroom，I went inside to get it，and found Roy _ the pockets of peoples coats.Agoing aroundBgoing aft

6、erCgoing againstDgoing through10By the time he realizes the mistake he _，it will be too late for him to do anything about it.Ahas madeBmadeCmakesDwill make11Two professors at Harvard University published a study of 3,300 new graduates, looking at _ their names had any bearing on their academic perfo

7、rmance.AthatBhowCwhyDwhether12My mobile phone is missing. Who it?Amust have takenBmust takeCcould have takenDcould take13Tom has failed again in the math exam. I am really let down. _ He has already done his best.ADont push him. BNo kidding. CHe should be to blame. DNo wonder.14What do you think of

8、the movie last night?When I got there it _, so I only watched the end.AfinishedBhad finishedCwas finishingDhas finished15 Have you watched the film “Avatar”? Not yet. But I the film is worth watching.Aam toldBwas toldChave toldDhave been told16It is not how much money you will give us but that you a

9、re present at the ceremony _ really matters.AwhichBitCwhatDthat17_ the efforts made by the police, a fantastic performance will be put on tomorrow.AIn place of BIn search ofCIn charge of DIn praise of18In that remote area, the trees _ by the volunteers are growing well.Aplanted Bplanting Cbeing plan

10、ted Dto plant19What actually _ the accident has not yet been determined.Abrought outBbrought onCbrought aboutDbrought up20Wed better discuss everything _before we work out the plan.Ain detailBin generalCon purposeDon time第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分） Some of the greatest mo

11、ments in human history were fueled by emotional intelligence. When Martin Luther King. Jr. presented his dream, he chose language that would stir the hearts of his audience. Delivering this electrifying(震撼性的) message required emotional intelligencethe ability to recognize, understand, and manage emo

12、tions.Emotional intelligence has been highly recommended by leaders, policymakers, and educators as the solution to a wide range of social problems. If we can teach our children to manage emotions, the argument goes, well have less bullying and more cooperation. If we can cultivate emotional intelli

13、gence among leaders and doctors, well have more caring workplaces and more compassionate healthcare.Emotional intelligence is important, but the uncontrolled enthusiasm has obscured (掩蓋)a dark side. New evidence shows that when people sharpen their emotional skills, they become better at manipulatin

14、g (把持) others. When youre good at controlling your own emotions, you can hide your true feelings. When you know what others are feeling, you can motivate them to act against their own best interests.Social scientists have begun to document this dark side of emotional intelligence. In a research led

15、by University of professor Jochen Menges, when a leader gave an inspiring speech filled with emotion. the audience was less likely to scrutinize (細察) the message and remembered of the content. Ironically(諷刺的是) audience members were so moved by the speech that they claimed to recall more of it.The au

16、thors call this the awestruck effect, but it might just as easily be described as the dumbstruck effect. One observer reflected that Hitlers persuasive impact came from his ability to strategically express emotionshe would ear open his heartand these emotions affected his followers to the point that

17、 they wouldstop thinking critically and just emote.”Leaders who master emotions can rob us of our capacities to reason. If their values are out of step with our own. the results can be destructive. New evidence suggests that when people have self-serving motives (動機), emotional intelligence becomes

18、a weapon for manipulating others. In a study led by the University of Toronto psychologist Stephane Cote, university employees filled out a survey about their Machiavellian(不擇手段的) tendencies, and took a test measuring their knowledge about effective strategies for managing emotions. Then, Cotes team

19、 assessed how often the employees deliberately undermined (逐漸削弱) their colleagues. The employees involved in the most harmful behaviors were Machiavellians with high emotional intelligence. They used their emotional skills to lower the dignity of their peers for personal gain.Shining a light on this

20、 dark side of emotional intelligence is one mission of a research team led University College London professor Martin Kilduff. According to these experts, emotional intelligence helps people disguise (偽裝) one set of emotions while expressing another for personal Professor Kiiduits team writes,The st

21、rategic disguise of ones own emotions and the manipulation of others emotions for strategic ends are behaviors evident not only on Shakespeares stage but also in the offices and corridors where power and influence are traded.”O(jiān)f course, people arent always using emotional intelligence for nefarious

22、ends. More often than not, emotional skills are simply instrumental tools for goal accomplishment. A research team discovered that founder Anita Roddick used emotional intelligence to inspire her employees fundraise for charity. As Roddick explained, Whenever particular project we always tried to br

23、eak their hearts we wanted to persuade our staff to support a particular project we always tried to break their hearts.”There is growing recognition that emotional intelligence-like any skill-can be used for good or evil. So if were going to teach emotional intelligence in schools and develop it at

24、work, we need to consider the values that go along with it and where its actually useful.1、Why does the author mention Martin Luther King, Jr?ATo honor the great leader for his courage.BTo recommend his speech to other leaders.CTo impress the readers with a major topic.DTo advocate a society with fe

25、wer problems.2、Which of the following belongs to a dark side of emotional intelligence?ADeveloping the capability to control ones own emotion.BInducing people to do what brings disadvantages to them.CAppealing to the audience to concentrate and remember more.DEncouraging the moved audience to a more

26、 of the speech.3、What is the dumbstruck effect of Hitlers emotional intelligence?AHis followers would tear open their hearts to him.BHis followers would express emotions strategically.CHis followers would lose the ability to reason properly.DHis followers would develop the self-serving motives.4、How

27、 do people use their emotional intelligence for personal gain?AThey disguise their emotions to earn others trust.BThey help their colleagues to build up confidence.CThey present their strategic behaviors on the stage.DThey lower their own dignity to gain popularity.5、Which may mean the same as the u

28、nderlined word in Paragraph 8?AImmoral.BUnimportant.CIllegal.DUncontrollable.6、What would be the best title for the passage?AThe benefits of emotional intelligenceBThe ways of disguising ones emotionsCThe reasons for using emotional skillsDThe dark side of emotional intelligence22（8分）Career criminal

29、s begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (學步的兒童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isnt challenged, scientists have discovered. While most children grow out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had “callous unemotional (冷漠無情的) characteris

30、tics” could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. Behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.Luke Hyde, assistant professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, said, “These are signs for parents and doctors to watc

31、h out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos.” He said, “Parents both take care of their child and provide their childs genes so its been difficult to know if were seeing that parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the c

32、hild.”The research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavior. Scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological mothers antisocial behavior. The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhi

33、bit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies.“The really exciting take-home message from this study is that small, day-to-day positive interactions (互動) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in chi

34、ldrens development, said Leslie Leve, a professor at the University of Oregon who co-led the data collection.“Even when children have inherited (遺傳) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing good job or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from the

35、ir inherited difficulties,” he added. The study, worked on by scientists from the University of Michigan, Penn State University and the University of Oregon has been published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine

36、if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.1、Whats the main idea of the passage?AKids social behaviors are related to crime.BCriminals begin their crimes during adolescence.CAntisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.DWarmhearted kids are more likely

37、 to be criminals in the future.2、What conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?AAntisocial behaviors might be inherited.BThe genes decide kids antisocial behaviors.CAntisocial behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.DAdopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.3、Wha

38、t can be inferred from the passage?AParenting is the main reason that causes kids antisocial behaviors.BWhat causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parents characteristics.CLeslie Leve has a doubtful attitude to adoptive mothers active interactions with kids.DInherited antisocial beh

39、aviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting.4、Why will researchers track kids process of growing?ATo make sure if kids behaviors will last.BTo make sure if praise will change kids.CTo determine if kids behaviors will be inherited.DTo determine if parents comfort will protect kids.23（8分） Ag

40、eing and robots are more closely related than you might think. Young countries with many children have few robots. Ageing nations have lots. The countries with the largest number of robots per industrial worker include South Korea, Singapore, Germany and Japan. which have some of the oldest work for

41、ces in the world.The connection does not merely reflect the fact that young countries tend to be poor and cannot afford fancy machines, which they do not need anyway. It holds good within rich countries, too. Those with relatively few robots compared with the size of their workforce include Britain

42、and France, both of which (by rich-country standards )are ageing slowly.Two recent studies quantify the connection. Daron Acemoglu of MIT and Pascual Restrepo of Boston University show that, between 1993 and 2014, the countries that invested the most in robotics were those that were ageing the faste

43、st measured as a rise in the rate of people over 56 compared with those aged 26-55. The authors posit a rule of thumb a ten-point rise in their ageing rate is associated with 0.9 extra robots per thousand workers.A study from Germany used different measures but reached the same conclusion. They foun

44、d that the growth in the number of robots per thousand workers rises twice as fast as the fall in the growth rate of the population (e.g. if) population growth falls by 1%, the growth in robot density rises by 2%). Population growth is closely related to age structure.These findings should not be su

45、rprising. Robots typically substitute for labour. That is why many people fear that they will destroy jobs. Countries with plenty of young workers do not need labour substitutes. Wages there also tend to be low making automation unprofitable. But ageing creates demand for automation in two ways. Fir

46、st, to prevent output falling as more people retire, machines are necessary to substitute for those who have left the workforce or to enable ageing workers to continue to do physical labour. Second, once people have retired they create markets for new kinds of automation, including robots that help

47、with the medical and other requirements of caring for people who can no longer look after themselves1、What can we infer from the article?AAgeing is closely related to robotsBAgeing countries have few robots.CRobots are needed in young countries.DYoung and rich countries want more robots.2、Which of t

48、he following best explains posit underlined in Paragraph 3?AWant.BRemove.CAssume.DObey.3、How much will the robot population grow if the human population growth decreases by 3%?A1%.B2%.C3%.D6%.4、Why does ageing create demand for robots?ABecause retired people have lower wages.BBecause robots are subs

49、titutes for retired worker.CBecause robots are unprofitable in young countries.DBecause the retired need the same robots they used before.24（8分）LOS ANGELES Kobe Bryant is a winner in retirement, too. The former Los Angeles Lakers star won an Oscar in the animated short category for “Dear Basketball,

50、” a poem he wrote after ending his 20-year career on the court in 2016.Hell add it to an already jammed trophy collection that includes five NBA championships with the Lakers, two Olympic gold medals, NBA Finals most valuable player awards, a league MVP award and four All-Star game MVP awards.As exe

51、cutive producer, Bryant accepted his golden Oscar statue from “Star Wars” star Mark Hamill on Sunday night. He shared the award with Disney animator Glen Keane.Among those offering their congratulations via Twitter were Hall of Famers Magic Johnson, Bill Russell and Shaquille ONeal, Bryants former L

52、akers teammate who admitted, “Im jealous!”Since hanging up his basketball shoes, Bryant has thrown himself into business (a new Nike shoe) and various forms of storytelling.“As basketball players, were told to shut up and dribble,” Bryant said on stage. “Im glad we did a little bit more than that.”H

53、e thanked his wife, Vanessa, and his three daughters, naming each of them. He spoke a few words of Italian a language he learned as a child growing up in Italy and closed by telling them, “You are my inspiration.”1、According to the passage, Kobe Bryant won the Oscar because of_.Ahis taking part in t

54、he animation movieBhis famous reputation in basketballChis poem written after his former careerDhis winning in the animated short category2、Which of the following can replace the underlined word “trophy”?AawardBpresentCharvestDpossession3、Where is the passage most probably taken from?AA personal dia

55、ryBA science reportCA newspaperDA textbook25（10分）How many times do you check your Facebook page in a day to see whether your latest post has got another “l(fā)ike” or “thumbs up”?Although you might be embarrassed to admit how many times you do this, dont worry - psychological findings have shown its com

56、pletely normal. In fact, the pleasure we derive from receiving a “l(fā)ike” is equal to that of eating chocolate or winning money, and we cant help wanting more. According to the findings, which observed 32 teens aged between 13 and 18, the feedback circuit in the teens brains is particularly sensitive,

57、 and the “social” and “visual” parts of their brains were active when they received “l(fā)ikes” on the social network. The research also showed that though the thumbs up might come from complete strangers, the good they derive from them worked all the same.So, does it mean we should try our best to win

58、as many thumbs up as possible? Not necessarily so if we know the reasons behind our desire for attention. In “why do people long for attention” by M. Farouk Radwan, he explained several cases in which people naturally longed for attention. Radwan said people who were an only child, who were used to

59、being the center of attention in their house, may try to copy these conditions. Feeling “overlooked and unappreciated” might also lead you to long for attention. Other times, the state of being jealous or wanting to cover your mistakes may also contribute to such longings.In fact, too much desire fo

60、r attention can create anxiety, and in turn ruin your happiness even when you get it. So what can we do about it? The answer is quite simple. “If people could adopt goals not focused on their own self-esteem but on something larger than their self, such as what they can create or contribute to other