二次纖維單詞

1、Chapter 1 Introductionconverting n.轉(zhuǎn)化Stickies Control膠黏物控制 Contaminants n.污染物；致污物 Pulping v.紙制漿（pulp 的 ing 形式） Screening v.篩選； 拍攝（screen 的 ing 形式） Cleaning v.清潔（clean 的 ing 形式） Washing and Thickening 洗滌與濃縮 Flotation n. 浮選（等于 floatation） Dispersion and Kneading 分散與疏解 Bleaching v.漂白（bleach 的 ing 形式） D

2、einking Chemicals 脫墨化學(xué)品Stickies膠粘物Novel Technology 新工藝Broad understanding 擴(kuò)展了解Mastery 掌握Recovered Fiber 回用纖維Wastepaper 廢紙the major grades主要的等級Utilization 利用Definitions 定義Secondary Fiber 二次纖維 previously adv.以前 manufacturing adj 制造的 reclaimed （從廢料中）回收利用；再制 raw material 原材料Pre-consumer waste 用前廢料 gener

3、ated 形成的 fabrication 制造 conversion 轉(zhuǎn)變 finished paper 成品紙final end product最后的最終產(chǎn)品 Post-consumer waste 用后廢料 Internal broke 內(nèi)部損紙 off-specification adj. 不合格的 repulp n.重新制漿Recovery Rate 回收率 divert轉(zhuǎn)移 landfill 填埋Utilization Rate 利用率Fraction 部分Statistical adj.統(tǒng)計(jì)的Consumption n.消費(fèi)per head of 人均proportion 比例wo

4、od pulp 木漿non-wood pulp非木材紙漿recycled pulp 再生漿Recovery回收量record-high 歷史最高紀(jì)錄base-year 基準(zhǔn)年original 最初的goal 目標(biāo)benchmarked作為基準(zhǔn)Recovery & Landfill 回用和填埋Newsprint 新聞紙Tissue 衛(wèi)生紙Net exports 凈出口Containerboard n.盒紙板；硬紙板Boxboard 箱紙板Old Corrugated Containers (OCC) 舊瓦楞紙箱紙ONP 舊報(bào)紙(Old News Papers)Mechanical Papers

5、機(jī)械紙Printing-Writing Papers 印刷書寫紙Mixed Papers 廢雜紙catalog 目錄紙telephone directories 通訊簿cuttings 紙碎converting scraps轉(zhuǎn)換殘?jiān)點(diǎn)omposed of 由組成mill wrappers工廠包裝紙specialty grades 輕涂紙specified被指明的Groundwood Computer Printout含磨木漿的計(jì)算機(jī)用紙Coated Groundwood Sections 含磨木漿的涂布紙Publication Blanks 空白刊物用紙mixed groundwood混合磨木

6、漿FLYLEAF SHAVINGS 單頁書刊紙紙邊corrugated board瓦楞紙板；波紋紙板container cuttings集裝箱巖屑kraft paper and bags 牛皮紙和包 old solid fiber containers 舊固體纖維容器 kraft bag clippings牛皮紙袋剪報(bào)Carrier Stock 手提紙袋廢料 Pulp Substitutes紙漿替代品 high grade deinking 優(yōu)質(zhì)脫墨 sulfite and sulfate cuttings 亞硫酸鹽和硫酸鹽巖屑 concerting scrap 相關(guān)的碎片 predomina

7、ntly adv.主要地；顯著地 composed of 由組成coated book stock涂布書籍紙 Ordinary qualities 普通質(zhì)量 Medium qualities 中等質(zhì)量 High qualities 高等質(zhì)量 Kraft qualities 牛皮紙質(zhì)量 Outthrow 廢料 manufactured 已制成的 Prohibitive Material 禁止性的材料 In excess of 超過 specified maximum 指定的最大 sorted分好類的 sunburned有曬斑的 rotogravure n.（報(bào)紙的）影印頁 colored sec

8、tions彩色部分baled recovered paper 成捆的回收紙 loose recovered paper 松散的回收紙 Sampling of 取樣 Quality characteristics 品質(zhì)特性 Moisture content 水分含量 Material composition 材料成分 fiber furnish 纖維配比 ash content灰分含量 baling打包 storage 存儲 under cover 暗室存儲的 enclosed tacilities封閉式的設(shè)備里 Composition 成分 Nonpaper components 非紙成分 h

9、andsheet 手抄紙頁 Bulk纖維團(tuán)Wood-containing含磨木漿的 wood-free不含磨木漿的紙張Chapter 2 ContaminantsContaminants 污染物 Large Junk大型垃圾 screw螺絲釘 foil金屬薄片 film薄膜 envelope 封套包膜 Inks & Toners 油墨和碳粉 Wax蜂蠟 Coating 涂層 Filler填料Papermaking additives 抄紙助劑 deposit vi. 沉淀 Typically典型的 adhesive n.粘合劑；膠黏劑 pitch 瀝青 resins樹脂 papermachin

10、e wires 紙機(jī)成型網(wǎng) press felts壓榨毛毯 dryer fabrics 干燥部成型網(wǎng) calendar rolls 壓光輥 significant 顯著的 neutral density 中性密度 inorganic fillers 無機(jī)填充劑 polymeric binders高聚物膠黏劑 Coating binders 涂料粘合劑 termed 被叫為 white pitch 白樹脂 overall yield 總產(chǎn)率 slippery光滑的 machinery機(jī)器設(shè)備 Clay 粘土 desirable 合適的 starch 淀粉 gums 樹膠 retention ai

11、ds 助留劑dyes 染料specification 規(guī)范的fluorescent dyes 熒光染料Wet strength additives 濕強(qiáng)度添加劑Chapter 3 effect of recycling on fiber propertiesProperties 屬性mechanically pulped 機(jī)械漿lignin containing 木質(zhì)素含量Mechanical damage 機(jī)械損傷Loss of fines細(xì)小纖維的損失Hardening and stiffening 硬化和加強(qiáng)Hornification 角質(zhì)化Conformability 一致性Absor

12、ptive 吸附能力的Hemicellulose 半纖維素Decreased cleanliness 降低清潔chemical Pulps 化學(xué)漿cell wall細(xì)胞壁Wet kraft fiber潤濕牛皮紙纖維Consistency 漿濃Irreversible 不可逆的Hornification保水值（角質(zhì)化程度）Collapsed收縮的softwood kraft pulp 針葉木硫酸鹽漿Typical plot突出的情節(jié)Flexible柔韌的conform符合，順從rigid堅(jiān)硬的upon exposure 一經(jīng)曝露于fines細(xì)小組分stiff fiber硬質(zhì)纖維stone gro

13、undwood （SGW）盤磨機(jī)械木漿three-dimensional crosslinked polymer 三維交聯(lián)聚合物deter 防止bonds凝聚flatening and flexiblizing 扣緊和堅(jiān)固Lower freeness 低游離度drainage aid 助濾劑Low paper strength 低紙強(qiáng)度Fines絮聚anionic trash陰離子垃圾Decreased cleanliness 降低清潔RCF abbr.相對離心力(red cell folate)Chapter 4 Operations - bleachingChromophores發(fā)色基團(tuán)F

14、luorescent Whitening Agents 熒光增白劑Cellulose纖維素Hemicellulose 半纖維素Lignin木素Conjugated structures 共軛結(jié)構(gòu)aromatic groups 芳香烴族基團(tuán)electrophilic親電子基團(tuán)Carbonyl groups 羰基Peroxide Bleaching過氧化合物漂白dithionate Bleaching 連二硫酸鹽漂白FAS磺酸甲脒Bleaching 漂白Sodium Hypochlorite (H) Bleaching 次氯酸鈉(H)漂白Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching (C)

15、二氧化氯漂白(COxygen Bleaching (O)氧漂白(OOzone Bleaching (Z)臭氧漂白(ZSodium Silicate 硅酸鈉water glass 水玻璃Chelating agents 螯合劑cellulosic materials 纖維素樹脂chromophores 發(fā)色基團(tuán)brightness 亮度Fluorescent Whitening Agents (FWA)熒光增白劑Dye染料Destruction 破壞Modification 改性Pigments 顏料lattice structure of molecules 分子的晶格結(jié)構(gòu) illuminat

16、ing 照明Reflectance 反射率magnesium oxide powder 氧化鎂粉體diffusely廣泛地integrating sphere 積分球imaginary虛構(gòu)的diffusing surface. 表面擴(kuò)散Scales衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)coordinate systems 坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)index指標(biāo)Fluorescence Measurement 熒光追蹤示意法Ultraviolet 紫外線輻射re-emitted再發(fā)輻射Brightness w/o UV filter亮度w / o紫外線過濾器Extractives 提取物alkaline environments 堿性環(huán)境a

17、romatic芳香族的carbonyl羰基的azo groups 偶氮基conjugated adj.共軛的the conjugated double bonds 共軛雙鍵linerboard掛面紙板Condensed縮合的double bonds of carbon 碳碳雙鍵chlorine dioxide 二氧化氯oxidize使氧化interrupting 打斷conjugation 結(jié)合non-degrading無壓損，無降解Peroxide 過氧化物Dithionate連二硫酸鹽Soluble可溶解的perhydroxyl anion過氧化氫陰離子nucleophilic adj.

18、親核的delignifying 脫木素chromophore 發(fā)色集團(tuán)optimized最佳的activation 激活作用alkali強(qiáng)堿性Application 適用性interfering substance 干擾物質(zhì)Heavy metal ions重金屬離子Decompose 分解Stabilize 穩(wěn)定Colloidal膠體狀的Deactivate V 使無效Surfactant表面活性劑Penetrant滲透劑Anticorrosion 防腐劑Enzymes 酶Catalases過氧化氫酶Chelating agents 螯合劑Complexes復(fù)合物hydrogen peroxi

19、de 過氧化氫microorganisms 微生物vegetal cells植物細(xì)胞toxic有毒的thermally denature熱處理使其變性biocide抗微生物劑Pulper碎漿機(jī)Compensate 抵消Decolorize 使脫色Alkaline堿性的alkali darkening 堿致暗Disperser分流擴(kuò)散器Residence time 停留時間Degrade 降級Tower 塔Suction 吸嘴medium consistency pump 中濃漿泵upflow tower向上流向塔Caustic苛性鈉Conveyor輸送帶Standpipe圓筒形水塔the hi

20、gh density storage chest / tower 高密度儲漿塔High Shear Mixer 高剪攪拌器market pulp 商品漿neutralized 中和degradation 降解hydrosulfite bleaching 次硫酸鹽漂白incorrect term不正確的術(shù)語Sodium Hydrosulfite 連二亞硫酸鈉 Dithionate ion連二硫酸鹽離子 Calcium or magnesium 鈣和鎂離子 Precipitate 使沉淀 Chelant 螯合劑 diluted and pumped 稀釋和泵送 Formamidine Sulphi

21、nic Acid（FAS）磺酸甲脒Odor氣味 Crystanline 結(jié)晶的 Slightly soluble 微溶 Initial初始的 calcium carbonate n.無化碳酸鈣Sodium Hypochlorite （H） Bleaching次氯酸鈉（H）漂白Oxidative bleaching 氧漂 Inexpensive 便宜的 no chlorine free label 不含氯標(biāo)簽？ dissolving chlorine gas 溶解氯氣 caustic solution苛性堿溶液 chloroform n. 氯仿； 三氯甲烷 carcinogen n.致癌物質(zhì) h

22、ypochlorous acid 無化次氯酸Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching （D 二氧化氯漂白（D excellent color stripping優(yōu)秀的顏色剝離detackify防止粘連 tolerate 適用 pressurized vessel 壓力容器 optical whiteners 光學(xué)增白劑 capital cost會計(jì)資本成本frequently 經(jīng)常性 reagent n.試劑試劑；反應(yīng)物 fluorescence n. 熒光；熒光性 Single stages 單級 Oxidative氧化的 Reductive還原的 Susceptible 敏感的

23、Chapter 4 Operations - cleaningTapered 錐形的conical adj.圓錐的；圓錐形的cone angle 錐角，圓錐角；錐體角度cylinder 氣缸，泵體cylindrical adj.圓柱形的；圓柱體的inward 向內(nèi)部的upward adj.向上的downward adj. 向下的Overflow vi.溢出Underflow n.水文底流；計(jì)下溢High density cleaner高密度清潔器forward cleaner 迅速清潔器through flow cleaner 通流清潔器centrifugal force 力離心力；地心引力d

24、rag force 拖曳力，水利曳力gravitational force 萬有引力，地心引力； 重力Cyclone旋風(fēng)分離器hydrocyclone n.水力旋流器；渦流除塵器；旋液分離器impurities 雜質(zhì)bark樹皮rotational fluid motion 流體旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動tapered cylinder 錐形氣缸denser particles 密集的粒子accepted stock inlet 合格漿入口staples 訂書釘downstream equipment 后續(xù)設(shè)備glues粘合劑adhesive 膠黏劑foam 泡沫reverse cleaners 反向清潔器Fu

25、nctional adj. 功能的Reject Rate 廢品率parallel fashion 平行時尚typical industrial flows 典型的工業(yè)流Canister n.筒，臥式吸塵器Cascade Arrangement of Cleaners 除塵器的階梯式排列Tertiary第三級的Stock原料的density 密度dirt 灰塵body diameter 凹模外徑feed inlet configuration 飼料進(jìn)口配置accept diameter良漿出口直徑spiral grooves application 螺旋細(xì)槽應(yīng)用fixed orifice 固定孑

26、 Lback pressure 反壓力Parameters 參數(shù)particle properties粒子性質(zhì)favorable hydrodynamic shape 良好的流體力學(xué)形態(tài)sphere球狀的flat plate平板狀brief簡短的particle slip velocity 顆?；渌俣菴hapter 4 Operations - dispersionDispersion 分散Adhesive膠黏劑hot melt glues 熱熔膠Pressure sensitive 壓敏材料Bitumen 瀝青Kneading 揉捏Shear force 剪切力Peripheral spe

27、ed 圓周速率Circumferential speed 圓周速率Velocity周轉(zhuǎn)速度Axial軸向的Casting 鑄造Housing 夕卜殼Fitting 裝置Recovered Paper Stock 回收紙?jiān)蟅arnish亮光漆Microns 微米sub-visible低于可見的Disk Dispersion 盤磨疏散Bars or teeth柵欄或牙Protruding 伸出的Shaft 桿Dewatered 脫水Screw螺旋體diluted and agitated 稀釋與攪動preheater預(yù)熱器stationary 固定的Single Shaft Kneader 單軸

28、機(jī)Discharged 排出Double Shaft Kneader 雙軸機(jī)Drawbacks 弊端High initial capital cost 高投入成本Sticky粘性的Mechanism n.機(jī)制；原理，途徑；進(jìn)程；機(jī)械裝置；技巧Shear剪切Rub摩擦Tappi Dirt Tappi標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的污垢Substantial 大量的Chapter 4 Operations - flotationBuoyancy 浮力 Collide 碰撞 Collision 碰撞 Hydrophobic疏水性的 Hydrophilic親水性的 Affinity親和力 Momentum 動力 stream

29、line 流水線 flow rate 流速 turbulent 湍流的 foaming agent 發(fā)泡劑 circuit 回路 in series連續(xù)的 attachment 附著 air bubbles 氣泡 steadily穩(wěn)定的 Flotation Cell 浮選池flotation device 浮選設(shè)備Foam泡沫Incorporated 被合并Suspended懸浮著的Hydrophobicity 疏水性Detachment 分離Density 密度Affinity吸引力contact and adhere 接觸和依附 preferential separation 選擇性分離h

30、airy particles 毛狀微粒lodge嵌入promotes 促進(jìn)Collector Soaps肥皂收集器 salts of fatty acids 脂肪酸鹽 agglomerates團(tuán)聚體，聚合物Synthetic Collectors 合成劑收集器Non-ionic非離子的Dispensator 供給者Dosage用劑量disrupt flow patterns 破壞流動模式knock off 中斷flowrate流速流量likelihood 可能性enhance 提高Black Clawson Flotator布萊克克勞森浮選機(jī)Pressurized Deinking Modul

31、e 加壓脫墨模塊Parameters 參數(shù)Yield產(chǎn)量Opacity透明度Chapter 4 Operations - pulpingslurry 懸浮液pulp suspension 漿料懸浮液pulp stock 漿料Batch pulping 間歇打漿continuous pulping 連續(xù)打漿Agitation 攪動baffle擋板protrusion 突出物swirling 渦流detach分離hydraulic power 流體傳動Fiber bundle 纖維束Bale wire 打包鐵絲nail 釘子bolt螺栓ragger水力碎漿機(jī)用絞繩裝置conveyor傳送帶conv

32、ert改變成slurry懸浮液components 成分most critical operation 最關(guān)鍵操作 downstream 順流的irreversibly不可逆地 inappropriate 不合適的 sub-objectives 局部目標(biāo)debris 碎片Category 種類pumpable fluid可泵送流體conveyor 傳送帶adjacent相鄰的Attrition 消耗helical screw螺旋碎漿機(jī)dominates 控制Comparison 對比non-fluid pulp 非液漿viscosity 粘度Attrition forces 剪切力tensil

33、e拉緊的burst爆破的susceptible 敏感的gentle溫和的plugging 堵塞Dilution Zone 摻混區(qū)External Detrasher外置垃圾去除器 dilution water 稀釋水unpulped flakes 未打碎薄片attrition 消耗strings 帶狀物entangled 纏住Drum pulping 轉(zhuǎn)鼓碎漿機(jī)inclined傾斜的minimizes fiber degradation 纖維降解最小化aggressive 非常好的defiberize分離纖維Remove Large Debris移除大件碎片Detach contaminant

34、s 分離污染物Chapter 4 Operations - screeningDeformability 可變形性 Barrier 柵欄 circumference 圓周 perforation 孑匕眼 negative 消極的 positive 積極的 purge 凈化 contoured 波紋狀的 Pressure drop 壓降 slot 溝槽 magnification 放大率 Stiff僵硬的 coarse holes粗孑匕fine holes 細(xì)孑 L coarse slots 粗縫 fine slots 細(xì)縫 resistance 阻力 passage 通過 Blinding 堵

35、塞 foil金屬箔片 rotating foil 旋轉(zhuǎn)箔 pulse 脈沖 sweeping foil 席卷箔 momentarily 隨時地 reverse 顛倒，逆轉(zhuǎn)purging 清除Configurations 配置Screen Plates 篩板Contour 輪廓Plate Opening 二頭平通Cleanliness 清潔Layout布局cascaded screens串聯(lián)的篩板Open Gravity Screen 戶外重力篩Summary Pressure Screen 簡要壓力篩promote 促進(jìn)throughput 生產(chǎn)量Chapter 4 Operations -

36、washingWasher洗滌器Filtration process 過濾過程Filter過濾器Filter mat濾水氈墊Filter cake 濾餅Debris particles 碎屑顆粒Conventional ink傳統(tǒng)的墨水Aqueous ink水性墨水Colloidal使膠體化Thickener濃縮機(jī)Dewater使脫水Decker脫水機(jī)Wet laps 濕圈Sludge沉淀物Slurry泥漿，懸浮液Blade刀片Rinse沖洗掉Laden裝載的Intended預(yù)期的Pulp Mat Formation 紙漿墊成型Subsequent 隨后的discharge level 泄流液

37、位water loops regarding chemical 水循環(huán)有關(guān)化學(xué)品Theoretical maximum 理論最高限度Interception 攔截Inertia 慣性Diffusion 擴(kuò)散Gravity 重力hydrodynamic effects 流體動力效應(yīng)Belt filter帶式過濾機(jī)Static filter靜態(tài)過濾器Schematic原理圖，圖解double nip thickener雙夾層濃縮機(jī)Sidehill Screen傾流式過濾篩Filtration 過濾式Filter mat濾水氈墊Mechanical pressing 機(jī)壓成型Belt and dru

38、m皮帶和鼓Twin wire press 雙網(wǎng)壓榨Screw press螺旋壓榨機(jī)chapter 5 Deinking Process and Deinking Chemistryprinting inks印刷用油墨dispersed分散到efficacy 功效ease松弛，輕松impact影響Flotation Chemicals 浮選劑Prior先前的Soda蘇打Portion 部分saponify and hydrolyze 皂化和水解mixability混合程度reflocculation 凝聚stabilizes alkalinity 穩(wěn)定堿度stabilizer 穩(wěn)定劑polyme

39、rized sodium silicate 聚合硅酸鈉 soluble polymer可溶性聚合物polyatomic ions多原子離子boundary layers 邊界層Silicate of soda 硅酸鈉Enhance 提高Dispersion 分散Reprecipitation 再沉淀Thermoplastic 熱塑性的Impurities 雜質(zhì)Inadequate不適當(dāng)?shù)膐ffset inks膠印油墨chemical covalent bonds 化學(xué)共價鍵molecules 分子insoluble難以溶解的Synthetic surfactants合成的表面活性劑Foam泡沫Soap肥皂Residual soap殘留肥皂Ultimately precipitate 最終沉淀Agglomerates