工學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)空調(diào)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

1、指導(dǎo)教師馮立崗常卅畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)曉2011屆)制冷與業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文）題目專業(yè)制冷與冷藏技術(shù)班級(jí)制冷08*(2008*)姓名*指導(dǎo)教師馮立崗?fù)瓿蓵r(shí)間2011年1月14日設(shè)計(jì)說明書題目姓名制冷08*2008*班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)目錄工程概況0設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)02丄設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書022設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)0設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和條件0室外計(jì)算參數(shù)的確定032室內(nèi)計(jì)算參數(shù)的確定1其他1空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算14.1空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算方法簡(jiǎn)介142空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算2外墻和屋面瞬變傳熱引起的冷負(fù)荷2外窗瞬變傳熱引起的冷負(fù)荷2外窗透入日射得熱引起的冷負(fù)荷2內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)冷負(fù)荷3人體散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷3照明散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷4設(shè)備和用具顯熱散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷4食物的顯熱

2、散熱冷負(fù)荷5429各房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算匯總54.3空調(diào)房間濕負(fù)荷計(jì)算及計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)17.計(jì)算方法17.計(jì)算結(jié)果1744空調(diào)系統(tǒng)計(jì)算冷負(fù)荷18441空調(diào)房間的計(jì)算冷負(fù)荷18442新風(fēng)計(jì)算冷負(fù)荷18選擇空調(diào)系統(tǒng)18釆用半集中式空調(diào)系統(tǒng)18選擇風(fēng)機(jī)盤管加新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)18系統(tǒng)風(fēng)量的計(jì)算及設(shè)備負(fù)荷計(jì)算196.1根據(jù)冷濕負(fù)荷計(jì)算送風(fēng)量19房間119計(jì)算結(jié)果207送風(fēng)量的確定及設(shè)備選型計(jì)算21風(fēng)機(jī)盤管的選擇21.選型條件21選型結(jié)果2172新風(fēng)機(jī)組的選取21選型條件21選型結(jié)果21風(fēng)管水力計(jì)算22氣流組織的確定及風(fēng)口布置22房間1228.12房間322房間4238.14房間22482風(fēng)管計(jì)算25水系統(tǒng)計(jì)算32供回水管段

3、水力計(jì)算3292冷凝管路的設(shè)計(jì)35空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的消聲、減震與保溫3610丄消聲與隔聲設(shè)計(jì)36.各類建筑物室內(nèi)的允許噪聲級(jí)3610.1.2設(shè)備機(jī)房噪聲控制設(shè)計(jì)的主要措施36102減振設(shè)計(jì)37防震措施37減震器37103保溫設(shè)計(jì)37風(fēng)管的保溫37水管的保溫37結(jié)論38參考文獻(xiàn)39致謝39附錄1：負(fù)荷計(jì)算詳表0附錄2：設(shè)計(jì)圖紙01風(fēng)系統(tǒng)圖02水系統(tǒng)圖01.工程概況該大廈地處上海市，共有12層，其中2-3層的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)相同。該大廈二層的層高為4.2m，窗高為2.8m,門高均為2.1m，建筑面積約為432m?,空調(diào)建筑面積約為228,二層的空調(diào)房間都為包廂。2.設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)2.1.設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書詳見畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書。2

4、.2.設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB50019-2003.采暖通風(fēng)與空氣調(diào)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范GB50243-2002.通風(fēng)與空調(diào)工程施工驗(yàn)收規(guī)范DB13(J)24-2000.民用建筑節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)程JGJ26-95.民用建筑節(jié)能設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB50176-93.民用建筑熱工設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)和條件3.1.室外計(jì)算參數(shù)的確定表31設(shè)計(jì)地點(diǎn)位置地名地理位置大氣壓力(kPa)北緯東經(jīng)夏季上海31T012126100.53表32設(shè)計(jì)地點(diǎn)室外空調(diào)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)夏季夏季空調(diào)室外計(jì)算濕球溫度(C)室外計(jì)算相對(duì)濕度()室外風(fēng)速(m/s)空調(diào)室外計(jì)算干球溫度(C)室外日平均計(jì)算溫度(C)平均日較差最熱月月平均夏季平均3431.36.928.260

5、3.43.2.室內(nèi)計(jì)算參數(shù)的確定表1.2各空調(diào)房間室內(nèi)計(jì)算參數(shù)房間名稱夏季人員數(shù)照明用電設(shè)備溫度相對(duì)濕度個(gè)WWC%1276075002276014145015003276066005004276024165020003.3.其他窗戶都為3mm普通玻璃單層鋼框窗，內(nèi)側(cè)裝活動(dòng)百葉窗簾。墻體類型為II型，傳熱系數(shù)為1.50W/m2k外表面放熱系數(shù)修正值ka=1a外表面吸收系數(shù)修正值kp=0.97p工作時(shí)間：8：0024：00新風(fēng)量以每人30m3/h計(jì)算空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算方法簡(jiǎn)介常用的空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷的計(jì)算方法有兩種，一種是詳算，另一種是估算。詳算是根據(jù)房間的一些已知條件來算，需要計(jì)算

6、外墻負(fù)荷、玻璃窗負(fù)荷、人員負(fù)荷、設(shè)備負(fù)荷、照明負(fù)荷等。這種計(jì)算比較準(zhǔn)確。估算是根據(jù)規(guī)范，每平方米多少冷負(fù)荷乘以房間面積來估算房間的冷負(fù)荷。這種計(jì)算方法不是很準(zhǔn)確，但可以大概的估算出房間的冷負(fù)荷。4.2.空調(diào)房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算4.2.1.外墻和屋面瞬變傳熱引起的冷負(fù)荷在日射和室外氣溫綜合作用下，外墻和屋面瞬變傳熱引起的逐時(shí)冷負(fù)荷可按下式計(jì)算：LQ二KFl(t+1)kk-1ldapn其中：LQ外墻和屋面瞬變傳熱引起的逐時(shí)冷負(fù)荷，W；或屋面的面積，m?外墻或屋面的傳熱系數(shù)，（W/m2C）；冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算溫度的逐時(shí)值，C；溫度的地點(diǎn)修正值，C；外表面放熱系數(shù)修正系數(shù)，無因次；吸收系數(shù)修正值；室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度，C。

7、4.2.2.外窗瞬變傳熱引起的冷負(fù)荷在室內(nèi)外溫差作用下，通過外玻璃窗瞬變傳熱引起的冷負(fù)荷可按下式計(jì)算LQ=kKF（t+1t）ldn其中：LQ外窗瞬變傳熱引起的逐時(shí)冷負(fù)荷，W根據(jù)窗框的不同的修正值；窗口面積，m?外玻璃窗的傳熱系數(shù)，（W/m2.C）；外玻璃窗的冷負(fù)荷溫度的逐時(shí)值，C室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度，C地點(diǎn)修正值，C4.2.3.外窗透入日射得熱引起的冷負(fù)荷透過玻璃窗進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的日射得熱形成的逐時(shí)冷負(fù)荷按下式計(jì)算：LQ二CFCCDCasnj.maxLQ其中：有效面積系數(shù)窗口面積，m?窗玻璃的遮擋系數(shù)；窗內(nèi)遮陽設(shè)施的遮陽系數(shù)；D日射得熱因數(shù)；j.maxLQ窗玻璃冷負(fù)荷系數(shù)，W其中,LQ南北區(qū)的劃分而不同，南

8、北區(qū)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為：建筑地點(diǎn)在北緯27.30以南的地區(qū)為南區(qū)，以北為北區(qū)。4.2.4.內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)冷負(fù)荷當(dāng)鄰室為通風(fēng)良好的非空調(diào)房間時(shí)，通過內(nèi)墻和樓板的溫差傳熱而產(chǎn)生的冷負(fù)荷可按下式計(jì)算：LQ二KF(t-1)c(T)n其中：內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)或樓板的面積，m?內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)或樓板的傳熱系數(shù)，(W/m2.)；：(T)冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算溫度的逐時(shí)值，C；室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度，C。當(dāng)鄰室有一定的發(fā)熱量時(shí)，通過空調(diào)房間隔墻、樓板、內(nèi)窗、內(nèi)門等內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的溫差傳熱而產(chǎn)生的冷負(fù)荷，可視作穩(wěn)定傳熱，不隨時(shí)間而變化，可按下式計(jì)算：LQ二KF(t+At-1)o.mUn其中：一內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)或樓板的面積，m?內(nèi)圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)或樓板的傳熱系數(shù)，(W/m2.C

9、)；夏季空調(diào)室外計(jì)算日平均溫度，C；At附加溫升，C。U室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度，C。4.2.5.人體散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷人體散熱與性別、年齡、衣著、勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度及周圍環(huán)境條件(溫、濕度等)等多種因素有關(guān)。人體散發(fā)的潛熱量和對(duì)流熱直接形成瞬時(shí)冷負(fù)荷，而輻射散發(fā)的熱量將會(huì)形成滯后冷負(fù)荷。為了計(jì)算方便，計(jì)算以成年男子散熱量為計(jì)算基礎(chǔ)。而對(duì)于不同功能的建筑物中有各類人員(成年男子、女子、兒童等)不同的組成進(jìn)行修正。人體顯熱散熱引起的冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算式為：CLQ設(shè)備和用具顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷系數(shù)LQ二qnnCxLQ其中：不同室溫和勞動(dòng)性質(zhì)成年男子顯熱散熱量n室內(nèi)全部人數(shù)；群集系數(shù)；LQ人體顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷，WxClq人體顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷

10、系數(shù)人體潛熱散熱引起的冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算式為：其中：LQ=qnnLL不同室溫和勞動(dòng)性質(zhì)成年男子潛熱散熱量室內(nèi)全部人數(shù)；群集系數(shù)；lql人體潛散熱冷負(fù)荷，W4.2.6.照明散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷根據(jù)照明燈具的類型和安裝方式的不同，其冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算式分別是白熾燈：LQ二1000NCLQ熒光燈：LQ二1000nnNC12LQ其中：N照明燈具所需功率n1鎮(zhèn)流器消耗功率系數(shù)，當(dāng)明裝熒光燈的鎮(zhèn)流器裝在空調(diào)房間內(nèi)時(shí)，取n1=1.2，當(dāng)暗裝熒光燈鎮(zhèn)流器裝設(shè)在頂棚內(nèi)時(shí)，可取n1=1.0；n2燈罩隔熱系數(shù)，當(dāng)熒光燈罩上部穿有小孔（下部為玻璃板）利用自然通風(fēng)散熱于頂棚內(nèi)時(shí)，取，可n2=0.50.6，而熒光燈罩無通風(fēng)者n2=0.60.

11、8。照明散熱冷負(fù)荷系數(shù)。CLQ4.2.7.設(shè)備和用具顯熱散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷設(shè)備和用具顯熱散熱形成的冷負(fù)荷可按下式計(jì)算：LQ=QCLQ式中：Q設(shè)備和用具的實(shí)際顯熱散熱量，Wc)4.2.8.食物的顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷查文獻(xiàn)7可知按每人9W計(jì)算4.2.9.各房間冷負(fù)荷計(jì)算匯總(1)房間1北外墻墻冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式3-1查的III型外墻冷負(fù)荷逐時(shí)計(jì)算溫度按式LQ=KXFX(tln-tn)；t；=(tln+td)kk(k為外表面放熱系數(shù)修正值，k為吸收系數(shù)修正值，K為外墻傳熱系ldapap數(shù)，td時(shí)間為地點(diǎn)修正值，tnn為室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度，F(xiàn)為外墻面積)8:009:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019

12、:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:0tln32.332.141.231.331.431.631.832.132.432.632.933.1td1.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.2ka111111111111kp0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97tln32.5032.3041.1331.5331.6231.8232.0132.3032.5932.7933.0833.2tn272727272727272727272727k1.501.501.501.501.501.501.501.5

13、01.501.501.501.50t5.505.3014.134.534.624.825.015.305.595.796.086.27F9.319.319.319.319.319.319.319.319.319.319.319.31LQn(q)76.74174.03197.3063.1964.5567.2669.9674.0378.0980.8084.8787.5北外窗瞬變傳熱冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12表3-6查得玻璃窗冷負(fù)荷逐時(shí)計(jì)算溫度tl，LQ=kFK(tl+td-tn)按式計(jì)算時(shí)間8:009:0015:0016:0017:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tl26.927.93

14、2.232.23229.929.128.427.827.2td1.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.0tl27.928.933.233.23330.930.129.428.828.2tn27272727272727272727t0.91.96.26.263.93.12.41.81.2Kw5.945.945.945.945.945.945.945.945.945.94Cw1.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.0Fw5.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.6LQnn29.9463.20206.24206.24199.58129.73103.

15、1279.8359.8839.92冷負(fù)荷，tl巧+q見下表：(k為外窗傳熱修正值，F(xiàn)為窗口面積，K為玻璃窗的傳熱系數(shù),勺為玻璃窗冷負(fù)荷溫度逐時(shí)值，td為外窗地點(diǎn)修正值，t為室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度)ldn北外窗日射得熱冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=CCCFD.CTQ，表3-8查得單層鋼框窗的有效面積系數(shù)值asnjmaxLQC=0.85。由表3-9查得3mm普通玻璃遮擋系數(shù)C=1.00，由表3-10查窗內(nèi)遮陽設(shè)施遮陽as系數(shù)C=0.60，再由表3-11查得緯度30時(shí)，北向太陽輻射得熱因數(shù)最大值D.=115W。njmax因上海地區(qū)緯度為3110,屬于北區(qū)，由表3-12(b)查得有遮陽的玻璃窗冷負(fù)荷系數(shù)逐時(shí)值CLQ

16、。時(shí)間8:009:0011:0012:0013:0021:0022:0023:0024:00Ca0.850.850.850.850.850.850.850.850.85F5.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.65.6Cii1.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.0Cn0.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.6D.max.max115115115115115115115115115CLQ0.540.650.810.830.830.150.140.130.12LQ177.36213.49266.04272.61272.6149.2745.9842.7039.41東內(nèi)

17、墻冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K=1.50W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tom=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=28.14m2，tn=27C則LQ=1.5X28.14X(31.3+2-27)=265.92W南內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由上可知，F(xiàn)=10.5m2，貝VLQ=1.5X10.5X(31.3+2-27)=99.23W。西內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由上可知，F(xiàn)=24.36m2,則LQ=1.5X24.36X(31.3+2-27)=230.2W內(nèi)門冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K1=2.9W/(m2C),K2=46.52W/(m2C),夏季

18、室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tom=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=5.67m2F2=5.25m2,tn=27C則LQ=2.9X5.67X(31.3+2-27)+46.52X5.04X(31.3+2-27)=1523.14W設(shè)備顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)123-5可知設(shè)備冷負(fù)荷公式為：LQ=QClq(Q為設(shè)備的實(shí)際顯熱散熱量,Clq為設(shè)備顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷系數(shù))由于房間1無用電設(shè)備，則設(shè)備顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷為09)照明散熱冷負(fù)荷由于所采用的是暗裝熒光燈，鎮(zhèn)流器設(shè)在頂棚內(nèi)，故取鎮(zhèn)流器消耗功率系數(shù)n1=1.0,燈罩有通風(fēng)口取燈罩隔熱系數(shù)n2=0.6，照明燈所需功率N=500W空調(diào)16小時(shí)運(yùn)行，開燈10小時(shí)。由空氣調(diào)

19、節(jié)技術(shù)附錄2-9表3查得照明散熱冷負(fù)荷系數(shù)CLQ，按公式LQTOOOnNCLQ算得結(jié)果列入下表：時(shí)間8:009:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00n111111111111n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N500500500500500500500500500500500CLQ0.580.580.830.840.860.870.390.350.310.280.25LQ17417424925225826111710593847510)人體顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷包廂屬于極輕勞動(dòng)。由空氣調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)表2-4查得當(dāng)室

20、內(nèi)溫度為27C時(shí)，每人散發(fā)的顯熱和潛熱量分別為57W和77W,由表2-3查得群集系數(shù)n=0.93,由附錄2-9表4查得人體散發(fā)顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷系數(shù)逐時(shí)值Clq。(設(shè)定在室內(nèi)的總小時(shí)數(shù)為16H)按公式LQx=qx*n*n*CLQ算得人體顯熱散熱逐時(shí)冷負(fù)荷,LQL=qL*n*n算得人體潛熱散熱逐時(shí)冷負(fù)荷，列如下表：由公式lq=lqx+lql算得人員散熱引起的冷負(fù)荷如下表：時(shí)間8:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00qx5757575757575757n77777777n0.930.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLQ0.160.910.92

21、0.930.940.950.950.96LQx59.37337.67341.38345.10348.81352.52352.52356.23qL7777777777777777LQL501.27501.27501.27501.27501.27501.27501.27501.27LQ560.64838.94842.65846.37850.08853.79853.79857.5011)食物的顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷查文獻(xiàn)7可知按每人9W計(jì)算，則Q=7X9=63W房間1各項(xiàng)冷負(fù)荷匯總時(shí)間8:0015:0016:0017:0018:0022:0023:0024:00北外墻76.74197.3063.1964.5

22、567.2680.8084.8787.57南內(nèi)墻99.2399.2399.2399.2399.2399.2399.2399.23東內(nèi)墻265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92西內(nèi)墻230.2230.2230.2230.2230.2230.2230.2230.2南門57.5557.5557.5557.5557.5557.5557.5557.55東門46.0446.0446.0446.0446.0446.0446.0446.04電梯門1477.11477.11477.11477.11477.11477.11477.11477.1北窗傳熱29.

23、94206.24206.24199.58186.2879.8359.8839.92北窗日射177.36233.19197.06200.35223.3445.9842.7039.41人體560.64824.10827.81835.23838.94853.79853.79857.50燈光174246249252258938475匯總3194.713882.873719.343727.753749.863329.443301.263275.44由上表可以看出，最大冷負(fù)荷為3882.87W2)房間21)北外墻冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tln

24、32.341.231.832.132.432.632.933.1td1.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.2ka11111111kp0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97tln32.5041.1332.0132.3032.5932.7933.0833.27tn2727272727272727k1.501.501.501.501.501.501.501.50t5.5014.135.015.305.595.796.086.27F24.0824.0824.0824.0824.0824.0824.0824.08LQn(q)198.48510.30180.96191.4

25、7201.98208.99219.50226.512)北外窗瞬變傳熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tl26.932.230.829.929.128.427.827.2td1.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.0t,l27.933.231.830.930.129.428.828.2tn2727272727272727t0.96.24.83.93.12.41.81.2Kw5.945.945.945.945.945.945.945.94Cw1.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.0Fw11.211.211.211.211.211

26、.211.211.2LQn(c)59.88412.47319.33259.46206.24159.67119.7579.833)北外窗日射得熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00Ca0.850.850.850.850.850.850.850.85時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00F11.211.211.211.211.211.211.211.2Cii1.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.0Cn0.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.6Dj.maxj.max1151151151151

27LQ0.540.710.170.160.150.140.130.12LQ354.715466.385111.670105.10198.53291.96385.39478.8264)東內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K=1.5W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tm=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=35.7m2,tn=27C則LQ=1.5X35.7X(31.3+2-27)=337.37W5)南內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由上可知，F(xiàn)=31.08m2,則LQ=1.5X31.08X(31.3+2-27)=293.71W6)西內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由上可知，F(xiàn)=3

28、5.7m2，貝VLQ=1.5X35.7X(31.3+2-27)=337.37W7)內(nèi)門冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K=2.9W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tm=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=(1+1)X2.1=4.2m2,tn=27C則LQ=2.9X4.2X(31.3+2-27)=76.734W8)設(shè)備顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00CLQ0.220.810.890.90.920.930.940.94Q15001500150015001500150015001500LQ33012

29、151335135013801395141014109)照明散熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00n111111111111n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.6時(shí)間8:0015:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00N14501450145014501450145014501450145014501450CLQ0.580.820.830.840.860.870.390.350.310.280.25LQ504.6713.47

30、22.1730.8748.2756.9339.3304.5269.7243.6217.510)人體散熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00qx5757575757575757n1414141414141414n0.930.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLQ0.160.870.920.930.940.950.950.96LQx118.74645.66682.77690.19697.61705.03705.03712.45qL7777777777777777LQL1002.541002.541002.541002.5410

31、02.541002.541002.541002.54LQ1121.281648.201685.311692.731700.151707.571707.571714.9911)食物的顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷查文獻(xiàn)7可知按每人9W計(jì)算，則Q=14X9=126W房間2各項(xiàng)冷負(fù)荷匯總時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00北外墻198.48510.30180.96191.47201.98208.99219.50226.51南內(nèi)墻293.71293.71293.71293.71293.71293.71293.71293.71東內(nèi)墻337.37337.37337.37337

32、.37337.37337.37337.37337.37西內(nèi)墻337.37337.37337.37337.37337.37337.37337.37337.37南門76.7376.7376.7376.7376.7376.7376.7376.73北窗傳熱59.88412.47319.33259.46206.24159.67119.7579.83北窗日射354.72466.38111.67105.1098.5391.9685.3978.83人體1121.281648.201685.311692.731700.151707.571707.571714.99燈光504.60713.40756.90339.

33、30304.50269.70243.60217.50時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00設(shè)備3301215133513501380139514101410食物散熱126126126126126126126126匯總3740.146136.955560.365109.255062.595004.084957.004898.85由上表可看出，最大冷負(fù)荷為6136.95W3)房間31)西外墻冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tln36.036.137.938.238.438.538.638.5td0.

34、50.50.50.50.50.50.50.5ka11111111kp0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97tln35.40535.50237.24837.53937.73337.8337.92737.83tn2727272727272727k1.501.501.501.501.501.501.501.50t8.4058.50210.24810.53910.73310.8310.92710.83F31.531.531.531.531.531.531.531.5LQn(q)397.14401.72484.22497.97507.13511.72516.30511.722)

35、南外墻冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tln34.632.934.434.935.335.73636.1td-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8ka11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0kp0.970.970.97tln32.7931.1432.59tn272727k1.501.501.50t5.794.145.59時(shí)間8:0015:0019:00F13.4413.4413.44LQn(q)116.6583.40112.733)南外窗瞬變傳熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0016:00tl26.932.232.

36、2td1.01.01.0t,l27.933.233.2tn272727t0.96.26.2Kw5.945.945.94Cw1.01.01.0Fw3.63.63.6LQn(c19.25132.58132.584)南外窗日射得熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:00Ca0.850.850.85F3.63.63.6Cii1.01.01.0Cn0.60.60.6Dj.maxj.max173173173CLQ0.260.450.1LQ5)82.58東內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷142.9331.760.970.970.970.970.9733.0833.4733.8534.1434.2427272727271.501.5

37、01.501.501.506.086.476.857.147.2420:0021:0022:0023:0024:0013.4413.4413.4413.4413.44122.51130.33138.16144.02145.9820:0021:0022:0023:0024:0029.929.128.427.827.21.01.01.01.01.030.930.129.428.828.227272727273.93.12.41.81.25.945.945.945.945.941.01.01.01.01.03.63.63.63.63.683.4066.2951.3238.4925.6620:0021

38、:0022:0023:0024:000.850.850.850.850.853.63.63.63.63.61.01.01.01.01.00.60.60.60.60.61731731731731730.090.090.080.080.0728.5928.5925.4125.4122.23由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+Ata-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K=1.5W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tm=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=31.5m2,tn=27C則LQ=1.5X31.5X(31.3+2-27)=297.68W6)北內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知傳熱系

39、數(shù)K=1.5W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tm=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=14.7m2,tn=27C則LQ=1.5X13.1X(31.3+2-27)=138.92W7)內(nèi)門冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+Ata-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K=2.9W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tm=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=lX2.1=2.1m2,tn=27C則LQ=2.9X2.1X(31.3+2-27)=38.367W時(shí)間8:0015:0016:0019:00CLQ0.220.810.840.89Q500500500500LQ1104054204459)照明散熱冷負(fù)荷

40、時(shí)間8:0015:0019:00n1111n20.60.60.6N600600600CLQ0.580.820.87LQ208.8295.2313.210)人體冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:00qx575757n666n0.930.930.93CLQ0.160.870.92LQx50.89276.71292.62qL7777778)設(shè)備顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷20:0021:0022:0023:0024:000.90.920.930.940.9450050050050050045046046547047020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00111110.60.60.60.60.66006

41、006006006000.390.350.310.280.25140.4126111.6100.89020:0021:0022:0023:0024:005757575757666660.930.930.930.930.930.930.940.950.950.96295.80298.98302.16302.16305.347777777777時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00LQL429.66429.66429.66429.66429.66429.66429.66429.66LQ480.55706.37722.28725.46728.64731.8

42、2731.82735.0011)食物的顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷查文獻(xiàn)7可知按每人9W計(jì)算，則Q=6X9=54W房間3各項(xiàng)冷負(fù)荷匯總時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00南外墻116.6583.40112.73122.51130.33138.16144.02145.98西外墻397.14401.72484.22497.97507.13511.72516.30511.72東內(nèi)墻297.68297.68297.68297.68297.68297.68297.68297.68北內(nèi)墻138.92138.92138.92138.92138.92138.92138.9213

43、8.92南門38.36738.36738.36738.36738.36738.36738.36738.367南窗傳熱19.25132.58102.6483.4066.2951.3238.4925.66南窗日射82.58142.9331.7628.5928.5925.4125.4122.23人體480.55706.37722.28725.46728.64731.82731.82735.00燈光208.8295.2313.2140.4126111.6100.890設(shè)備110405445450460465470470食物散熱5454545454545454匯總1943.932696.172740.8

44、02577.292575.952563.992555.812529.56由上表可看出，最大冷負(fù)荷出現(xiàn)為2740.80W4)房間41)南外墻冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0016:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tln34.632.933.134.935.335.73636.1td-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8ka11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0kp0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97tln32.7931.1431.3333.0833.4733.8534.1434.24時(shí)間8:0015:0016:0020:

45、0021:0022:0023:0024:00tn2727272727272727k1.501.501.501.501.501.501.501.50t5.794.144.336.086.476.857.147.24F44.144.144.144.144.144.144.144.1LQn(q)382.74273.66286.50401.99427.66453.33472.58478.992)東外墻冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tln36.036.137.938.238.438.538.638.5td0.50.50.50.50.50.50.5

46、0.5ka11111111kp0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97tln35.4135.5037.2537.5437.7337.8337.9337.83tn2727272727272727k1.501.501.501.501.501.501.501.50t8.418.5010.2510.5410.7310.8310.9310.83F28.1428.1428.1428.1428.1428.1428.1428.14LQn(q)354.78358.87432.57444.85453.04457.13461.23457.133)西內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+

47、Ata-tn)可知，傳熱系數(shù)K=1.5W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tm=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=28.14m2,1=27C則LQ=1.5X28.14X(31.3+2-27)=265.92W4)北內(nèi)墻冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知，傳熱系數(shù)K=1.5W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tom=31.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F=46.2m2,tn=27C則LQ=1.5X46.2X(31.3+2-27)=76.73W5)內(nèi)門冷負(fù)荷由文獻(xiàn)12公式LQ=FK(tom+ta-tn)可知傳熱系數(shù)K=2.9W/(m2C),夏季室外計(jì)算日平均溫度tom=3

48、1.3C,附加溫升厶ta=2C,F1=(1+1)X2.1=4.2m2,tn=27C則LQ1=2.9X4.2X(31.3+2-27)=76.734W6)照明散熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00n111111111n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N16501650165016501650165016501650CLQ0.580.820.870.390.350.310.280.25LQ574.2811.8861.3386.1346.5306.9277.2247.57)人體顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0

49、021:0022:0023:0024:00qx5757575757575757n2424242424242424n0.930.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLQ0.160.870.920.930.940.950.950.96LQx194.801106.851170.461183.181195.911208.631208.631221.35qL7777777777777777LQl1718.641718.641718.641718.641718.641718.641718.641718.64LQ1913.442825.492889.102901.822914.552927

50、.272927.272939.998)外門冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00tln34.632.934.434.935.335.73636.1td-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8-0.8ka11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0kp0.970.970.970.970.970.970.970.97tln32.7931.1432.5933.0833.4733.8534.1434.24tn2727272727272727時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00k46.5246

51、.5246.5246.5246.5246.5246.5246.52t5.794.145.596.086.476.857.147.24F6.36.36.36.36.36.36.36.3LQn(q)1695.741212.461638.881781.021894.742008.452093.732122.169)設(shè)備冷負(fù)荷時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00CLQ0.220.810.890.90.920.930.940.94Q20002000200020002000200020002000LQ440162017801800184018601880188

52、010)食物的顯熱散熱冷負(fù)荷查文獻(xiàn)7可知按每人9W計(jì)算，則Q=24X9=216W房間4各項(xiàng)冷負(fù)荷匯總時(shí)間8:0015:0019:0020:0021:0022:0023:0024:00南外墻382.74273.66369.91401.99427.66453.33472.58478.99東外墻354.78358.87432.57444.85453.04457.13461.23457.13西內(nèi)墻265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92265.92北內(nèi)墻436.59436.59436.59436.59436.59436.59436.59436.59北內(nèi)門76

53、.7376.7376.7376.7376.7376.7376.7376.73南外門1695.741212.461638.881781.021894.742008.452093.732122.16人體1913.442825.492889.102901.822914.552927.272927.272939.99燈光574.2811.8861.3386.1346.5306.9277.2247.5設(shè)備4401620178018001840186018801880食物216216216216216216216216匯總6356.148097.528967.008711.038871.739008.32

54、9107.259121.02由上表可看出，最大冷負(fù)荷為9121.02W4.3.空調(diào)房間濕負(fù)荷計(jì)算及計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算方法人體濕負(fù)荷公式為：Wr=0.001n03(kg/h)其中n為室內(nèi)全部人數(shù);3為每名成年男子的散濕量；0為群集系數(shù)計(jì)算結(jié)果由文獻(xiàn)123-12人體濕負(fù)荷公式為：Wr=O.OO1n03(kg/h)，其中n為室內(nèi)全部人數(shù);3為每名成年男子的散濕量;群集系數(shù)取0=0.93每名成年男子的散濕量由表3-13查得w=115g/h房間1234n7146240.930.930.930.93w115115115115Wr（kg/h）0.748651.4970.64172.5674.4.空調(diào)系統(tǒng)計(jì)算冷負(fù)荷

55、4.4.1空調(diào)房間的計(jì)算冷負(fù)荷房間1234合計(jì)冷負(fù)荷3882.876136.952740.89121.0221881.644.4.2新風(fēng)計(jì)算冷負(fù)荷房間1234人數(shù)714624Gw（m3/h）210420180720Gw（kg/s）0.070.140.060.24Qw（kw）1.9043.8081.6326.528選擇空調(diào)系統(tǒng)采用半集中式空調(diào)系統(tǒng)5.1.1.選擇風(fēng)機(jī)盤管加新風(fēng)系統(tǒng)由于空調(diào)房間都為包廂，采用半集中式空調(diào)系統(tǒng)可對(duì)各個(gè)房間進(jìn)行單獨(dú)調(diào)節(jié)，能滿足空氣不串通；風(fēng)機(jī)盤管直接設(shè)置在空調(diào)房間內(nèi)，對(duì)室內(nèi)回風(fēng)進(jìn)行處理；新風(fēng)則由新風(fēng)機(jī)組集中處理后通過新風(fēng)管道送入室內(nèi)。系統(tǒng)的冷量或熱量由空氣和水共同承擔(dān)，

56、所以屬于空氣水系統(tǒng)。它以投資少使用靈活性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，被廣泛用于各種建筑之中。系統(tǒng)風(fēng)量的計(jì)算及設(shè)備負(fù)荷計(jì)算根據(jù)冷濕負(fù)荷計(jì)算送風(fēng)量6.1.1.房間1房間1的冷負(fù)荷Q0=3883W,濕負(fù)荷W=0.71645kg/h，比熱容Cp=1.01kJ/kgk,室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)溫度為tN=27C，相對(duì)濕度屮=60%，當(dāng)?shù)卮髿鈮簽?00.53kPa,取送風(fēng)溫差為t=6C，新風(fēng)量Gw=210m3/h=210X1.2/3600=0.07kg/s,室外設(shè)計(jì)干球溫度tw=34C,濕球溫度tsw=28.2C.查空氣調(diào)節(jié)技術(shù)例題5-3，采用新風(fēng)處理加獨(dú)立新風(fēng)（采用新風(fēng)處理到室內(nèi)空氣焓值、新風(fēng)直入式方案）1）計(jì)算室內(nèi)熱濕比=Q0/W=3

57、.883/0.000208=18668kJ/kg0-/八2）確定新風(fēng)處理狀態(tài)點(diǎn)L/3）由室內(nèi)等焓線hN與屮=90%相對(duì)濕度線的交點(diǎn)即為L(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。并查得hN=hL=64kJ/kg,hW=91.2kJ/kg.1-11新風(fēng)空調(diào)箱冷量QwIl-“i.譏wQw=Gw（hw-hn）=0.07（91.2-64）=1.904kw1叫4）確定總送風(fēng)量及風(fēng)機(jī)盤管送風(fēng)量過N點(diǎn)劃線與屮=90%線交于O點(diǎn)；得ho=54kJ/kg,總送風(fēng)量為：G=Q0/(hn-h0)=3.883/(64-54.0)=0.3883kg/s=0.3883*3600/1.2=1164.9m3/h風(fēng)機(jī)盤管風(fēng)量:GF=G-GW=0.3883-0.07

58、=0.3183kg/s風(fēng)機(jī)盤管出口空氣焓：hM=(Gho-GWhL)/GF=(0.3883*54.0-0.07*64)/0.3183=51.8kJ/k從h-d圖可查得，風(fēng)機(jī)盤管出風(fēng)溫度tM=19.5C風(fēng)機(jī)盤管的全冷量QT和顯濕量QXQT=GF*(hn-hM)=0.3883*(64-51.8)=3.883kwQx=GFCp(tn-tM)=0.3883*1.01*(27-19.2)=2.60kw新風(fēng)負(fù)荷計(jì)算CL=1000pGwn(hw-hn)/3600=1000*1.2*30*7*(91.2-64)/3600=1904W房間換氣次數(shù)的驗(yàn)算根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)1規(guī)定舒適性空調(diào)的房間換氣次數(shù)每小時(shí)不宜小于5次,n

59、=送風(fēng)量L(m3/h)/房間體積V(m3)N=L/V=1164/3.25*7.3*4.2=125，所以滿足換氣次數(shù)的要求。6.1.2.計(jì)算結(jié)果以房間1為例計(jì)算其他房間,則可列如下計(jì)算表：參數(shù)單位房間1房間2房間3房間4Wkg/h0.716451.4970.64172.567Qokw3.8836.1372.749.121kJ/kg18668147521539312792hNkJ/kg64646464hwkJ/kg91.291.291.291.2hMkJ/kg51.850.1650.8950.42hokJ/kg5453.553.854hLkJ/kg64646464tNc27272727tMc19.

60、217.118.618.3Gwkg/s0.070.140.060.24Gkg/s0.38830.580.270.91Gfkg/s0.31830.440.210.67Qwkw1.9043.8081.6326.528cpkJ/kgk1.011.011.011.01Qtkw3.8836.132.749.10Qxkw2.604.401.7825.89長(zhǎng)m3.258.43.2512寬m7.38.57.36.7高m4.24.24.24.2Lm3/h116417538062736n次/h12688pkg/m31.21.21.21.2換氣次數(shù)合格合格合格合格送風(fēng)量的確定及設(shè)備選型計(jì)算7.1.風(fēng)機(jī)盤管的選擇7.