藍(lán)牙核心架構(gòu)一

1、-. z.Bluetooth Core Architecture Blocks 藍(lán)牙核心架構(gòu)一標(biāo)簽：interfaceprotocolsservicesystem測試layer2012-07-26 18:507098人閱讀 HYPERLINK l ments 評論(4)收藏 HYPERLINK l report o 舉報 舉報分類：BlueTooth13首先，第一幅圖是藍(lán)牙官網(wǎng)上的圖示，對應(yīng)藍(lán)牙4.0版本。2012年7月份最新更新因為該圖不很清楚，有人重畫了下，稍微修改了其中一局部，如下列圖：為便于理解，附上v1.0的架構(gòu)圖示如下：為了便于理解，最后附上M$上關(guān)于藍(lán)牙協(xié)議的圖示，如下列圖：下面

2、就是關(guān)于藍(lán)牙官網(wǎng)上文章的翻譯了，因為時間和水平有限，主要是水平有限，翻譯難免有誤差之處，歡送斧正。 s:/./Building/HowTechnologyWorks/Architecture/Overview.htmCore System DefinitionTheBluetoothcore system covers the four lowest layers andassociated protocols defined by theBluetoothspecificationas well asone mon service layer protocol, t

3、heservice discovery protocol (SDP) and the overall profile requirements arespecified in the generic access profile (GAP). A pleteBluetoothapplication requires a number of additional servicesand higher layer protocols that are defined in theBluetoothspecification.(這段話的理解非常重要，為了準(zhǔn)確翻譯這段話，我還深入研究了as well

4、as的用法藍(lán)牙核心系統(tǒng)覆蓋了藍(lán)牙spec中定義的最低層的四個局部以及相關(guān)協(xié)議，同時還包括一個通用效勞層協(xié)議，效勞發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議以及在GAP中指出的全部需求。同時，一個完整的藍(lán)牙應(yīng)用程序還需要其他一些附加的效勞和在藍(lán)牙spe中定義的更高層的協(xié)議。BluetoothControllerThe lowest three layers aresometimes grouped into a subsystem known as theBluetoothcontroller. This is a mon implementation involvinga standard physical municatio

5、ns interface between theBluetoothcontroller and remainder of theBluetoothsystem including the L2CAP, service layers and higherlayers (known as theBluetoothhost). Although this interface is optional, the architecture is designedto allow for its e*istence and characteristics. TheBluetoothspecification

6、 enables interoperability betweenindependentBluetoothenabledsystems by defining the protocol messages e*changed between equivalent layers,and also interoperability between independentBluetoothsub-systems by defining a mon interface betweenBluetoothcontrollers andBluetoothhosts.藍(lán)牙控制局部最底下的三層有時候被歸為一組成為

7、一個子系統(tǒng)稱做藍(lán)牙控制器。這是一個通用的執(zhí)行局部，包括一個用于藍(lán)牙控制器和藍(lán)牙系統(tǒng)其他剩余局部之間的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的物理通信接口，這些剩余局部包括L2CAP，效勞層以及更高級的層次常叫做藍(lán)牙host。雖然這個接口并非必不可少，但是本架構(gòu)設(shè)計上允許它的存在和特點。藍(lán)牙說明書通過定義同等層間的協(xié)議信息交換來使得獨立的藍(lán)牙系統(tǒng)之間協(xié)調(diào)工作，同時，通過定義一個藍(lán)牙控制器和藍(lán)牙host間的通用接口，保障了藍(lán)牙子系統(tǒng)之間的協(xié)調(diào)工作能力。A number of functional blocksare shown and the path of services and data between these. The

8、 functionalblocks shown in the diagram are informative; in general theBluetoothspecification does not define the details ofimplementations e*cept where this is required for interoperability.很多功能塊以及他們之間的效勞和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸路徑如下圖。這些功能塊提供了很多的信息?？偟膩碚f，藍(lán)牙spec不會定義執(zhí)行體之間的細(xì)節(jié)局部，除非他們之間要求協(xié)同工作。Core System Protocols andSignali

9、ngStandard interactions aredefined for all inter-device operation, whereBluetoothdevices e*change protocol signaling according to theBluetoothspecification. TheBluetoothcore system protocols are the radio (RF) protocol,link control (LC) protocol, link manager (LM) protocol and logical link controlan

10、d adaptation protocol (L2CAP), all of which are fully defined in subsequentparts of theBluetoothspecification. In addition, the service discovery protocol (SDP) is a servicelayer protocol required by allBluetoothapplications.核心系統(tǒng)協(xié)議和信號為部設(shè)備之間的操作定義了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的交互流程，在這些部操作中，根據(jù)藍(lán)牙spec藍(lán)牙設(shè)備交互協(xié)議信號。藍(lán)牙核心系統(tǒng)協(xié)議棧包括RF協(xié)議，控制協(xié)

11、議，管理西醫(yī)和邏輯連接控制適應(yīng)協(xié)議L2CAP，這些協(xié)議在藍(lán)牙spec隨后局部中有定義。另外，效勞發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議是一個所有藍(lán)牙應(yīng)用程序都需要的效勞層協(xié)議。TheBluetoothcore system offers services through a number ofservice access points that are shown in the diagram as ellipses. These servicesconsist of the basic primitives that control theBluetoothcore system. The services can be

12、 split into threetypes. There are device control services that modify the behavior and modes ofaBluetoothdevice,transport control services that create, modify and release traffic bearers(channels and links), and data services that are used to submit data fortransmission over traffic bearers. It is m

13、on to consider the first two asbelonging to the C-plane and the last as belonging to the U-plane.藍(lán)牙核心系統(tǒng)為許多效勞通路點AP提供效勞，如圖中橢圓點處所示。這些效勞有控制藍(lán)牙核心系統(tǒng)的基元組成。這些效勞可以分成三種類型。第一種是設(shè)備控制效勞用于修改藍(lán)牙設(shè)備的行為和工作方式，第二種是傳輸控制效勞用于創(chuàng)立、修改以及釋放通信送信單元信道和，第三種是數(shù)據(jù)效勞用于在通信送信單元上為傳送功能傳遞數(shù)據(jù)。很容易的理解前兩個屬于C層面，最后一個屬于U層面。Host to ControllerInterface (

14、HCI): SplitsBluetoothStack Into Controller and HostA service interface to theBluetoothcontroller sub-system is defined such that theBluetoothcontroller may be considered a standard part. In thisconfiguration theBluetoothcontroller operates the lowest three layers and the L2CAP layer is containedwith

15、 the rest of theBluetoothapplication in a host system. The standard interface is called the hostto controller interface (HCI). Implementation of this standard serviceinterface is optional.主機和控制器接口HCI：劃分藍(lán)牙協(xié)議棧為控制器和主機和藍(lán)牙控制器子系統(tǒng)的效勞接口定義如下：藍(lán)牙控制器被認(rèn)為是一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的局部。在一個主機系統(tǒng)中，藍(lán)牙控制器操作最底下的三層和L2CAP的這種配置包含在藍(lán)牙應(yīng)用程序的其他局部。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

16、接口稱為HCI。對這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)效勞的接口的實現(xiàn)是可有可無的。As theBluetootharchitecture is defined with the possibility of aseparate host and controller municating through an HCI, a number of generalassumptions are made. TheBluetoothcontroller is assumed to have limited data buffering capabilities inparison with the host. Therefor

17、e the L2CAP layer is e*pected to carry outsome simple resource management when submitting L2CAP PDUs to the controllerfor transport to a peer device. This includes segmentation of L2CAP SDUs intomore manageable PDUs and then the fragmentation of PDUs into start andcontinuation packets of a size suit

18、able for the controller buffers, andmanagement of the use of controller buffers to ensure availability for channelswith quality of service (QoS) mitments.既然藍(lán)牙架構(gòu)可以定義成通過HCI通信的一個主機和一個控制器，所以就須假設(shè)一些通用的東西。和主機相比，假設(shè)藍(lán)牙控制器有著有限的數(shù)據(jù)緩存能力。因此就期望在給一個對等的設(shè)備傳輸數(shù)據(jù)時，當(dāng)遞交L2CAPPDU給控制器過程中，L2CAP層來執(zhí)行一些簡單的資源管理工作。這些工作包括把L2CAP SDU分

19、割成更多的可以管理的PDU以及進(jìn)一步把PDU細(xì)化成更小的局部，這些局部可以適合在控制器緩沖中進(jìn)展開場和延續(xù)大小的包，還有為了卻確保信道的QoS責(zé)任的可行性進(jìn)展的對控制器緩沖利用的管理工作。Error Detection in L2CAP LayerThe baseband layer providesthe basic ARQ protocol inBluetoothtechnology. The L2CAP layer can optionally provide a further errordetection and retransmission to the L2CAP PDUs. T

20、his feature is remended forapplications with requirements for a low probability of undetected errors inthe user data. A further optional feature of L2CAP is a window-based flowcontrol that can be used to manage buffer allocation in the receiving device.Both of these optional features augment the QoS

21、 performance in certainscenarios.LCAP層的錯誤檢測在藍(lán)牙技術(shù)中，基帶層提供根本的ARQ協(xié)議。L2CAP可以有選擇性地提供深層次的錯誤檢測和對L2CAPPDU的重傳機制。這個特性對一些應(yīng)用程序有推薦作用，這些應(yīng)用程序在對用戶數(shù)據(jù)沒有檢測到錯誤存在低的可能性有著一定的要求。L2CAP的的另外一個可能的特性是，基于窗口的流控制在承受設(shè)備端可被應(yīng)用來管理緩沖分配。這兩個可選擇性的特性在一定場景提高了QoS的性能。Although these assumptions maynot be required for embeddedBluetoothtechnology

22、implementations that bine all layers in a single system,the general architectural and QoS models are defined with these assumptions inmind, in effect a lowest mon denominator.對于那些將所有的層聯(lián)合在一個獨立系統(tǒng)的嵌入式藍(lán)牙技術(shù)來說，在實現(xiàn)來上，雖然這些假設(shè)可能并沒有要求，依據(jù)這些假設(shè)的通用架構(gòu)和QoS模式已經(jīng)在大腦中形成，實際上是最小公分母。Testing Interfaces: RF and Test Control

23、Interface (TCI)Automated conformance testingof implementations of theBluetoothcore system is required. This is achieved by allowing the tester tocontrol the implementation through the RF interface, which is mon to allBluetoothsystems, and through the test control interface(TCI), which is only requir

24、ed for conformance testing.測試接口：射頻和測試控制接口藍(lán)牙核心系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的自動化一致性測試是必須的。這個測試是通過允許測試人員通過射頻接口來控制它的實現(xiàn)來得到的，這對所有的藍(lán)牙系統(tǒng)來說很普通的，并且通過這個測試控制接口TCI，這是在一致性測試中唯一要求的。The tester uses e*changes withthe implementation under test (IUT) through the RF interface to ensure thecorrect responses to requests from remote devices. The tester controls the IUTthrough the TCI to cause the IUT to originate e*changes through the RF interfaceso that these can also be