煤炭與能源行業(yè)詞匯中英對(duì)照

1、煤炭與能源行業(yè)詞匯中英對(duì)照煤炭能源行業(yè)詞匯英漢對(duì)照收藏本貼|好友分享|推廣拿分點(diǎn)擊:843|回復(fù):0|標(biāo)簽:augerdrilling螺旋鉆空cablereeler電纜擺動(dòng)架coalpreparationplant選煤廠cokingcoal煉焦煤ContinuousMinercrew連采隊(duì)ContinuousMiner連續(xù)采煤機(jī)crewleader帶班長(zhǎng)cutbottom割底distributioncontrolbox控制配電箱drillbit鉆頭drillrig鉆機(jī)，鑿巖機(jī)DumpTruck自動(dòng)傾卸卡車dumpvalve傾泄閥（安全閥）dustextraction吸塵裝置dutyroom值班

2、室easygrade,gentleslope平緩坡度electricalsystem電氣系統(tǒng)electromagneticvalve電磁閥enlargedentrywidth擴(kuò)幫巷道寬度equipmentamortization設(shè)備折舊erodibility土壤流失性excavatedsectionofroad巷道毛斷面exhaust/emissioncontrol排風(fēng)/散熱控制expandingrib擴(kuò)幫feederbreakercable破碎機(jī)斷路器電纜feeder破碎機(jī)fittingallowance裝配余量flttingspeed推進(jìn)速度f(wàn)rontcanopy前探梁frontentry

3、主平巷fullfacemining整個(gè)工作面采煤gasoutburstpotential瓦斯突出gatheringsystem煤炭收集系統(tǒng)GlobalPositioningSystem（GPS）全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)goaf，oldwaste老塘（采空區(qū)）gobbleeder排氣孔（采空區(qū)）gobwater，wastewater老塘水handdrill煤電鉆haulagetrack運(yùn)輸路線headingchainpillar巷道礦柱headingstope巷道回采工作面heatsensor熱傳感器holemonth鉆孔口部hostrock主巖hydrolicshield液壓掩護(hù)式支架hydrolog

4、icobservation水文觀測(cè)inclinedangle傾斜的角度inclinedhole斜孔leadingcoalproducingprovince主要產(chǎn)煤省leaveallowances休假期legend圖例levelworkings水平巷道linebrattice縱向隔風(fēng)墻lithologicalcharacters巖性loadoutconveyor卸載傳輸裝置maininclinedshaft主斜井mainslope,mainslant主斜井mainlineconveyor主線輸送機(jī)mandate托管medium-sizedlumps中塊methanedischargevolume

5、瓦斯排放（涌出）量methaneelectricalgeneration瓦斯發(fā)電minefield煤田miningconcession煤礦開采（特許）權(quán)mudstone泥巖normalfault正常斷層obliquefault斜斷層outcrop露頭overlyingstrata上覆地層paralelloperation平行作業(yè)II*.3八1Ipintimberingpossibleore遠(yuǎn)景儲(chǔ)量preparatoryworkings準(zhǔn)備巷道proctormethod葡式壓實(shí)法profile縱切面protodyakonovscaleofhardness普氏硬度指數(shù)respirator自救器ri

6、seheadingdrivage,risedriving上山開采法roadheader綜掘機(jī)（巷道掘進(jìn)機(jī)）roadwayhead巷道掘進(jìn)工作面roofbolt頂錨roofbolter錨桿機(jī)Roofcollaspe冒頂roomcrosscut通風(fēng)聯(lián)絡(luò)小巷sandstone砂巖scoop&blastcrew炮采隊(duì)servicecar,SMVcar服務(wù)車sidefallingaccident片幫事故slopecollar/mouth斜井井口slopeinvert斜井仰拱slopepillar傾斜礦柱slope斜坡，斜面，斜井small-sizedlumps小塊煤spallingrib片幫speedy

7、drivage快速掘進(jìn)spontaneouscombustion自燃trappedequipment塌陷設(shè)備watersupply&sprays用水供給/噴淋煤炭行業(yè)相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英文對(duì)照大氣ATMOSPHERE大氣組成Atmosphericcomposition空氣質(zhì)量Airquality大氣化學(xué)Atmosphericchemistry大氣成分Atmosphericcomponents大氣顆粒物Atmosphericparticulates二氧化碳Carbondioxide溫室氣體Greenhousegases氧氣Oxygen臭氧層Ozonelayer大氣過(guò)程Atmosphericprocess

8、es空氣水相互作用Air-waterinteraction大氣環(huán)流Atmosphericcirculation大氣降水Atmosphericprecipitation碳循環(huán)Carboncycle蒸發(fā)作用Evaporation降水增加Precipitationenhancement降雨Rainfall太陽(yáng)輻射Solarradiation蒸騰作用Transpiration風(fēng)Winds空氣污染Airpollution酸雨Acidrain空氣污染物Airpollutants氯氟碳Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的顆粒物Depositedparticulatematter飛灰Flyash霧Fo

9、g薄煙Haze空內(nèi)空氣污染Indoorairpollution煙霧Smog濕度Humidity巖石圈LITHOSPHERE固態(tài)地球SolidEarth洞穴Caves地震活動(dòng)Seismicactivity地震監(jiān)測(cè)Seismicmonitoring火山Volcanoes風(fēng)蝕Winderosion陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)TERRESTRIALECOSYSTEMS土壤Soils農(nóng)用土地Agriculturalland堿地Alkalilands污染的土地Contaminatedland污染的土壤Contaminatedsoil沙坑Gravelpits荒地Heathlands土地承載能力Landcarryingcap

10、acity土地污染Landpollution土地開墾Landreclamation土地恢復(fù)Landrestoration土地使用分類Landuseclassification邊緣土地Marginallands沙石開采Sandextraction沉積Sedimentation土壤潛力Soilcapabilities土壤保持Soilconservation土壤污染Soilcontamination土壤退化Soildegradation土壤侵蝕Soilerosion土壤改良Soilimprovement土壤鹽堿化Soilsalination水蝕Watererosion干旱地區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Aridland

11、ecosystems干旱土地Aridlands沙漠化Desertification抗旱Droughtcontrol旱作Dryfarming沙丘固定Sanddunefixation沙丘Sanddunes半干旱地區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Semi-aridlandecosystems森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Forestecosystems植樹造林Afforestation針葉林Coniferousforests森林砍伐Deforestation森林保護(hù)Forestconservation森林火災(zāi)Forestfires草地火災(zāi)Grassfires綠化帶Greenbelts本地森林Indigenousforests再造林Reaf

12、forestation植被恢復(fù)Revegetation亞熱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Sub-tropicalecosystems溫帶森林Temperateforests溫帶林地Temperatewoodlands樹木Trees熱帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Tropicalecosystems熱帶森林Tropicalforests熱帶森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Tropicalforestecosystems林地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Woodlandecosystems溫帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和寒帶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Temperateecosystemsandcoldzoneecosystems淡水FRESHWATER淡水資源Freshwaterresources談水保護(hù)Cons

13、ervationoffreshwater水壩Dams冰Ice湖泊Lakes自然排水系統(tǒng)Naturaldrainagesystems河流流域開發(fā)Riverbasindevelopment河流Rivers雪Snow地下水Subterraneanwater地表水Surfacewaters水資源保護(hù)Waterresourcesconservation水資源開發(fā)Waterresourcesdevelopment淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Freshwaterecosystems集水區(qū)Catchmentareas國(guó)際河流流域Internationalriverbasins湖泊流域Lakebasins池塘尾渣Pondsta

14、ilings河流流域Riverbasins淡水惡化Freshwaterdegradation河流污染Riverpollution徑流Run-off沉積物移動(dòng)Sedimentmobilization沉積物運(yùn)移Sedimenttransport沉積盆地Sedimentarybasins滲漏Seepage鳳眼藍(lán)Waterhyacinth水污染W(wǎng)aterpollution水的鹽化Watersalination水處理Watertreatment水井Waterwells海洋環(huán)境MARINEENVIRONMENTS海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Marineecosystems藻花Algalbloom海底生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Benthic

15、ecosystems海洋污染Marinepollution污染沉積物Marinesedimentserosion疏浚Dredging河口生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Estuarineecosystems島嶼生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Islandecosystems小島嶼Smallislands海洋生物資源Livingmarineresources水生哺乳動(dòng)物Aquaticmammals水生微生物Aquaticmicroorganisms水生植物Aquaticplants珊瑚礁Coralreefs甲殼綱動(dòng)物Crustaceans魚類Fish海洋資源保護(hù)Marineresourcesconservation軟體動(dòng)物Molluscs水生

16、貝殼類動(dòng)物Shellfish環(huán)境管理ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENT資源管理Resourcesmanagement深海礦藏Deepseadeposits森林管理Forestmanagement森林政府Forestpolicy資源的地埋分布Geographicdistributionofresources土地價(jià)值Landvalues礦產(chǎn)資源Mineralresources國(guó)家保護(hù)計(jì)劃Nationalconservationprogrammes自然資源Naturalresources自然保護(hù)Natureconservation不可再生資源Non-renewableresources資

17、源凈損耗Netresourcedepletion礦床Oredeposits石油資源保護(hù)Petroleumresourcesconservation可再生資源Renewableresources資源估價(jià)Resourceappraisal資源保護(hù)Resourceconservation海底開發(fā)Seabedexploitation海底采礦Seabedmining本地資源的利用Utilizationoflocalresources環(huán)境規(guī)劃Environmentalplanning發(fā)展合作Developmentcooperation發(fā)展計(jì)劃Developmentplanning生態(tài)發(fā)展Ecodevelo

18、pment經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展Economicdevelopment經(jīng)濟(jì)計(jì)劃Economicplanning環(huán)境核算Environmentalaccounting環(huán)境審計(jì)Environmentalauditing環(huán)境健康影響評(píng)價(jià)Environmentalhealthimpactassessment環(huán)境影響Environmentalimpact環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)Environmentalimpactassessment環(huán)境影響狀報(bào)告書Environmentalimpactstatement環(huán)境指標(biāo)Environmentalindicators環(huán)境政策Environmentalpolicy環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估Environ

19、mentalriskassessment財(cái)政資助Financialassistance土地利用規(guī)劃Landuseplanning環(huán)境管理指標(biāo)Environmentalmanagementindicators環(huán)境質(zhì)量指標(biāo)Environmentalqualityindicators試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目Pilotprojects政策規(guī)劃Policyplanning施壓集團(tuán)Pressuregroups區(qū)域規(guī)劃Regionalplanning自助計(jì)劃Self-helpprogrammes工農(nóng)業(yè)選址Sitingofindustry社會(huì)調(diào)查Socialsurveys發(fā)展?fàn)顩rStatusofdevelopment可持續(xù)發(fā)

20、展Sustainabledevelopment可持續(xù)發(fā)展指標(biāo)Sustainabledevelopmentindicators技術(shù)評(píng)價(jià)Technologyassessment運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃Transportplanning環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題Environmentaleconomicissues環(huán)境定價(jià)Environmentalvaluation環(huán)境成本Environmentalcosts外部Externalities重置成本Replacementcosts貿(mào)易對(duì)環(huán)境的影響Tradeimpactonenvironment已定價(jià)值的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)組成部分valuedecosystemcomponents經(jīng)濟(jì)管理手段E

21、conomicmanagementinstruments成本-效益分析Cost-benefitanalysis發(fā)展中國(guó)家債務(wù)Developingcountriesdebt環(huán)境股票交易Environmentalstockexchange政府環(huán)境開支Governmentenvironmentalexpenditures綠色財(cái)政手段Greenfiscalinstruments環(huán)境成本內(nèi)在化Internalisationofenvironmentalcosts以綠色標(biāo)志促銷Marketingwithgreenlabelling資源的定價(jià)政策Pricingpoliciesofresources結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整計(jì)

22、劃Structuraladjustmentprograms稅收差別Taxdifferentiation可交易的許可證Tradeablepermits用火安全要求Firesafetyrequirements工業(yè)區(qū)Industrialareas受控燃燒Controlledburning作物保護(hù)Cropprotection蒸餾業(yè)Distillingindustry硝酸鹽Nitrates亞硝酸鹽Nitrites亞硝胺Nitrosamines營(yíng)養(yǎng)物Nutrients工業(yè)INDUSTRY工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程Industrialprocesses制鋁工業(yè)Aluminiumindustry適用技術(shù)Appropriat

23、etechnology高爐Blastfurnaces纖維素Cellulose化學(xué)工業(yè)Chemicalindustry清潔技術(shù)Cleantechnologies服裝工業(yè)Clothingindustry脫鹽工廠Desalinationplants干洗Drycleaning煉鐵工業(yè)Ironindustry洗燙衣服Laundering皮革工業(yè)Leatherindustry金屬加工Metalfinishing金屬電鍍Metalplating金屬冶煉Metalsmelting礦產(chǎn)業(yè)Mineralindustry采礦Mining天然氣開采Naturalgasextraction原油開采Oilextracti

24、on石油提煉Petroleumrefining印刷工業(yè)Printingindustry紙漿工業(yè)Pulpindustry采石Quarrying橡膠加工Rubberprocessing煉鋼工業(yè)Steelindustry露天剝采Stripmining焦油生產(chǎn)Tarproduction焦油使用Taruse木材保存Woodpreservation工業(yè)產(chǎn)品Industrialproducts消費(fèi)品Consumergoods危險(xiǎn)品Dangerousgoods工業(yè)材料Industrialmaterials天然纖維Naturalfibres包裝Packaging涂料Paints產(chǎn)品標(biāo)簽Productlabell

25、ing可再用容器Reusablecontainers合成洗滌劑Syntheticdetergents合成紡織纖維Synthetictextilefibres漆Varnishes木產(chǎn)品Woodproducts運(yùn)輸TRANSPORTATION內(nèi)燃機(jī)Combustionengines鐵路運(yùn)輸Railwaytransport道路安全Roadsafety道路交通工程Roadtrafficengineering道路運(yùn)輸Roadtransport道路Roads城市交通Urbantraffic車輛檢驗(yàn)Vehicleinspection水上運(yùn)輸Watertransportation漁輪Fishingvessel

26、s內(nèi)河運(yùn)輸Inlandwatertransport內(nèi)陸水道Inlandwaterways國(guó)際水道Internationalwatercourses海運(yùn)Maritimetransport航運(yùn)的危害Navigationalhazards油輪Oiltankers港口Ports潛水艇Submarines能ENERGY能源Energysources動(dòng)物糞便作燃料Animaldungasfuel沼氣Biogas生物量Biomass生物質(zhì)能Biomassenergy木炭Charcoal煤Coal原油Crudeoil能源資源Energyresources濃縮鈾Enricheduranium礦物燃料Fossil

27、fuels燃料酒精Fuelalcohol薪柴Fuelwood地?zé)崮蹽eothermalenergy碳?xì)浠衔颒ydrocarboncompounds烴Hydrocarbons水電Hydroelectricpower液化氣Liquefiedgas甲烷Methane天然氣Naturalgas可再生能源Renewableenergysources不可再生能源Non-renewableenergyresources無(wú)污染能源Non-pollutingenergysources核能Nuclearenergy核燃料Nuclearfuels油類Oils油頁(yè)巖Oilshales泥炭、泥煤Peat汽油Petro

28、ls從廢料中提取的燃料Refusederivedfuels太陽(yáng)能Solarenergy焦油砂Tarsands海洋熱能Thermalseapower潮汐能Tidalenergy鈾Uranium波浪能Waveenergy風(fēng)能Windenergy能源過(guò)程Energyprocesses煤氣化Coalgasification煤液化Coalliquefaction電力Electricpower發(fā)電廠Electricpowerplants蓄電裝置Electricalstoragedevices能源保護(hù)Energyconservation能源轉(zhuǎn)換Energyconversion能源效率Energyeffici

29、ency能源政策Energypolicy能源生產(chǎn)Energyproduction能源利用Energyuse能源利用方式Energyutilizationpatterns氣體液化Gasliquefaction照明Lighting天然氣勘探Naturalgasexploration核能利用Nuclearenergyuses核電站Nuclearpowerplants近海石油鉆探Offshoreoildrilling石油勘探Oilexploration日照加熱Solarheating環(huán)境化學(xué)ENVIRONMENTALCHEMISTRY無(wú)機(jī)物質(zhì)Inorganicsubstances酸Acids氧化鋁Al

30、umina氯Chlorine鹽酸Hydrochloricacid硫化氫Hydrogensulphide硫酸鹽Sulphates硫酸Sulphuricacid光化學(xué)試劑Photochemicalagents光化學(xué)效應(yīng)Photochemicaleffects有機(jī)物質(zhì)Organicsubstances有機(jī)硅化合物Organosiliconcompounds酚Phenols外激素，信息素Pheromones植物油Vegetableoils生物化學(xué)過(guò)程Biochemicalprocesses酸化Acidification需氧過(guò)程Aerobicprocesses厭氧過(guò)程Anaerobicprocesses

31、生物降解Biodegradation脫氮作用Denitrification富營(yíng)氧化Eutrophication殺蟲劑的相互作用Interactionofpesticides電離輻射Ionizingradiation代謝（作用），新陳代謝（作用）Metabolism固氮Nitrogenfixation非電離輻射Non-ionizingradiation光合作用Photosynthesis物理化學(xué)過(guò)程Physico-chemicalprocesses放射性Radioactivity毒性Toxicity污染POLLUTION污染物Pollutants氣溶膠，氣霧劑Aerosols農(nóng)業(yè)廢物Agricu

32、lturalwastes石棉Asbestos商業(yè)噪音Commercialnoise混合污染Compositepollution作物廢物Cropwaste二惡英Dioxins農(nóng)家場(chǎng)院廢物Farmyardwaste火、火災(zāi)Fire危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)Hazardoussubstances危險(xiǎn)廢物Hazardouswastes重金屬Heavymetals醫(yī)院廢物Hospitalwastes工業(yè)廢水Industrialeffluents工業(yè)排放物Industrialemissions工業(yè)煙塵Industrialfumes工業(yè)噪聲Industrialnoise無(wú)機(jī)污染物Inorganicpollutants鉛污染L

33、eadcontamination液體廢物L(fēng)iquidwastes丟棄物，廢氣物L(fēng)itter汞污染Mercurycontamination微污染物Micropollutants采礦廢物Miningwastes機(jī)動(dòng)車輛排放物Motorvehicleemissions城市廢物Municipalwaste氮氧化物Nitrogenoxides噪聲污染Noisepollution惡臭公害Odournuisance有機(jī)物污染Organicpollutants難降解有機(jī)污染物Persistentorganicpollutants有機(jī)溶劑Organicsolvents有機(jī)鹵化物Organohalogencomp

34、ounds醫(yī)藥廢物Pharmaceuticalwastes塑料廢物Plasticwastes多氯聯(lián)苯Polychlorinatedbiphenyls聚合物廢物Polymerwastes放射性物質(zhì)Radioactivesubstances氡Radon橡膠廢物Rubberwaste鋸屑Sawdust污水Sewage屠宰場(chǎng)廢物Slaughterhousewaste固體廢物Solidwastes熱污染Thermalpollution有毒物質(zhì)Toxicsubstances有毒廢物Toxicwaste毒素Toxins痕量元素Traceelements痕量物質(zhì)Tracematerials交通噪音Traffi

35、cnoise廢物，垃圾Trash廢熱Wasteheat木材廢料Woodwaste對(duì)流層臭氧Troposphericozone污染源Pollutionsources生物武器Biologicalweapons水泥工業(yè)Cementindustry化學(xué)武器Chemicalweapons煙囪Chimneys冷卻水Coolingwaters機(jī)動(dòng)車輛Motorvehicles摩托車Motorcycles核武器Nuclearweapons海洋傾倒Oceandumping石油泄漏Oilspills廢金屬Scrapmetals挖掘堆積Excavationheaps污染治理Pollutionabatement隔音A

36、cousticinsulation化學(xué)污染清除Chemicaldecontamination燃料脫硫Desulphurizationoffuels過(guò)濾器Filters噪音治理Noiseabatement污染治理設(shè)備Pollutionabatementequipment污染控制技術(shù)Pollutioncontroltechnology輻射防護(hù)Radiationprotection洗滌器Scrubbers分離器Separators防煙Smokeprevention廢物最少化Wasteminimization廢物Wastes電池處理Batterydisposal廢物的化學(xué)處理Chemicaltreat

37、mentofwaste處置場(chǎng)所Disposalsites廢物焚燒Incinerationofwaste礦山回填Minefilling殘油回收Oilresiduerecuperation放射性廢物管理Radioactivewastemanagement回收的材料Recycledmaterials回收Recycling材料再利用Reuseofmaterials衛(wèi)生填埋Sanitarylandfills海洋排泄口Seaoutfall化糞池Septictanks污水處置Sewagedisposal污水處理系統(tǒng)Sewagetreatmentsystems固體廢物處置Solidwastedisposal廢

38、物同化處置Wasteassimilationcapacities廢物轉(zhuǎn)化技術(shù)Wasteconversiontechniques廢物處置Wastedisposal廢物土地處置Wastedisposalintheground廢物處置稅Wastedisposaltaxes廢物回收Wasterecovery廢物利用Wasteuse水的再利用Waterreuse人體健康HUMANHEALTH污染物的危害Hazardsofpollutants在人體組織中的積累Accumulationinbodytissues鎘污染Cadmiumcontamination環(huán)境健康危害Environmentalhealthh

39、azards人體接觸污染物Humanexposuretopollutants污染物的長(zhǎng)期效應(yīng)Long-termeffectsofpollutants核安全Nuclearsafety污染物的影響Pollutanteffects污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)Pollutionris輻射效應(yīng)Radiationeffects藥物的副作用Sideeffectsofpharmaceuticaldrugs有毒物質(zhì)的協(xié)同效應(yīng)Synergisticeffectsoftoxicsubstances與環(huán)境有關(guān)的疾病Environmentallyrelateddiseases工作環(huán)境Workingenvironment人機(jī)工程學(xué)Ergon

40、omics職業(yè)健康Occupationalhealth職業(yè)安全Occupationalsafety振動(dòng)Vibration衛(wèi)生設(shè)施Healthfacilities傳統(tǒng)保健Traditionalhealthcare災(zāi)難DISASTERS災(zāi)難現(xiàn)象Catastrophicphenomena生物體的意外釋放Accidentalreleaseoforganisms地震Earthquakes環(huán)境事故Environmentalaccidents颶風(fēng)Hurricanes山崩Landslides人為災(zāi)難Human-madedisasters釋放Release地震海浪Seismicseawaves應(yīng)急減災(zāi)措施Eme

41、rgencyreliefmeasures災(zāi)難清理作業(yè)Disasterclean-upoperations防災(zāi)準(zhǔn)備Disasterpreparedness防災(zāi)Disasterprevention災(zāi)難救援Disasterrelief生境破壞Habitatdestruction陸地活動(dòng)Land-basedactivities自然改變Physicalalterations監(jiān)測(cè)MONITORING環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)Environmentalmonitoring生物指標(biāo)Biologicalindicators生態(tài)標(biāo)志Ecolabelling污染物鑒別Identificationofpollutants噪聲監(jiān)制Noi

42、semonitoring污染物分析Pollutantanalysis污染物分布Pollutantdistribution污染物濃度Pollutantlevels污染物監(jiān)測(cè)Pollutantmonitoring污染物路徑Pollutantpathways污染物來(lái)源鑒別Pollutantsourceidentification污染監(jiān)測(cè)Pollutionmonitoring輻射監(jiān)測(cè)Radiationmonitoring交通監(jiān)測(cè)Trafficmonitoring監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)Monitoringdata空氣質(zhì)量管理Airqualitymanagement大氣監(jiān)測(cè)Atmosphericmonitoring本底

43、監(jiān)測(cè)Baselinemonitoring環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Environmentalcriteria環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)Environmentalassessment部門評(píng)價(jià)Sectoralassessment環(huán)境統(tǒng)計(jì)Environmentalstatistics森林資源評(píng)估Forestresourceassessment洪水監(jiān)測(cè)Freshwatermonitoring工業(yè)生產(chǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)Industrialproductionstatistics長(zhǎng)期預(yù)報(bào)Long-termforecasting長(zhǎng)期趨勢(shì)Long-termtrends海洋監(jiān)測(cè)Marinemonitoring監(jiān)測(cè)基準(zhǔn)Monitoringcriteria污染基準(zhǔn)

44、Pollutioncriteria污染標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Pollutionnorms質(zhì)量控制Qualitycontrol水盾Waterquality天氣監(jiān)測(cè)Weathermonitoring天氣預(yù)報(bào)Weatherprediction野生生物種群統(tǒng)計(jì)Wildlifepopulationstatistics監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)Monitoringtechniques分析設(shè)備Analyticalequipment大氣模型Atmosphericmodels自動(dòng)檢測(cè)Automaticdetection測(cè)量?jī)x器的標(biāo)定Calibrationofmeasuringequipment色譜分析Chromatographicanalysis

45、氣象色譜法Gaschromatography模型制作，模型設(shè)計(jì)Modelling監(jiān)測(cè)儀器Monitoringequipment放射性示蹤技術(shù)Radioactivetracertechniques采樣技術(shù)Samplingtechniques模擬Simulation河道觀測(cè)Streammeasurement毒理測(cè)定Toxicologicaltesting報(bào)警系統(tǒng)Warningsystems監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)Monitoringsystems環(huán)境法ENVIRONMENTALLAW國(guó)內(nèi)立法Nationallegislation農(nóng)業(yè)立法Agriculturallegislation污染防治激勵(lì)措施Antipoll

46、utionincentives環(huán)境犯罪Environmentalcrimes環(huán)境激勵(lì)措施Environmentalincentives環(huán)境責(zé)任Environmentalliability環(huán)境過(guò)失Environmentalmisconduct環(huán)境質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Environmentalqualitystandards環(huán)境補(bǔ)貼Environmentalsubsidies林業(yè)立法Forestrylegislation健康立法Healthlegislation住房立法Housinglegislation工業(yè)立法Industriallegislation對(duì)破壞環(huán)境的懲罰Penaltiesforenvironm

47、entaldamage污染者付費(fèi)原則Polluter-paysprinciple污染控制法規(guī)Pollutioncontrolregulations污染責(zé)任Pollutionliabilities公眾對(duì)土地的獲取Publicaccesstoland法規(guī)控制Regulatorycontrol國(guó)際環(huán)境關(guān)系Internationalenvironmentalrelations入海通道Accesstothesea雙邊協(xié)定Bilateralconventions環(huán)境安全Environmentalsecurity環(huán)境破壞行為Environmentalvandalism環(huán)境沖突Environmentalwar

48、fare危險(xiǎn)廢物的出口Exportofhazardouswastes全球性公約Globalconventions國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化Internationalstandardization國(guó)際貿(mào)易Internationaltrade國(guó)際性重要的失態(tài)系統(tǒng)Internationallyimportantecosystems海洋事故的責(zé)任Liabilityformarineaccidents事先知情同意Priorinformedconsent區(qū)域性公約Regionalconventions技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓Technologytransfer危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)的運(yùn)輸Transportofhazardousmaterials太陽(yáng)能

49、術(shù)語(yǔ)解釋(中英對(duì)照)。光伏矩陣或發(fā)電板陣(Array-photovoltaic)太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板串聯(lián)或并聯(lián)連接在一起形成矩陣.阻流二極管(BlockingDiode)用來(lái)防止反向電流,在發(fā)電板陣中,阻流二極管用來(lái)防止電流流向一個(gè)或數(shù)個(gè)失效或有遮影的發(fā)電板(或一連串的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板)上.在夜間或低電流出的期間,防止電流從蓄電池流向光伏發(fā)電板矩陣.光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)平衡(BOSorBalanceofSystem-photovoltaic)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)除發(fā)電板矩陣以外的部分.例如開關(guān),控制儀表,電力溫控設(shè)備,矩陣的支撐結(jié)構(gòu),儲(chǔ)電組件等等.旁路二極管(BypassDiode)是與光伏發(fā)電板并聯(lián)的二極管.用來(lái)在光電

50、板被遮影或出故障時(shí)提供另外的電流通路.光伏發(fā)電板(電池)(Cell-photovoltaic)太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板中最小的組件.充電顯示器(表)(ChargeMonitor/Meter)用以測(cè)量電流安培量的裝置,安培表.充電調(diào)節(jié)器(ChargeRegulator)用來(lái)控制蓄電池充電速度和/或充電狀態(tài)的裝置，連接于光伏發(fā)電板矩陣和蓄電池組之間.它的主要作用是防止蓄電池被光伏發(fā)電板過(guò)度充電,同時(shí)監(jiān)控光伏發(fā)電矩陣和/或蓄電池的電壓組件(Components)指用于建立太陽(yáng)能電源系統(tǒng)所需的其他裝置.交直流轉(zhuǎn)換器(Converter)將交流電轉(zhuǎn)換成直流電的裝置.晶體狀(Crystalline)具有三維的重復(fù)的原

51、子結(jié)構(gòu).直流電(DC)兩種電流的形態(tài)之一，常見(jiàn)于使用電池的物件中，如收音機(jī)，汽車，手提電腦，手機(jī)等等無(wú)序結(jié)構(gòu)(Disordered)減小并消除晶格的局限性.提供新的自由度,從而可在多維空間中放置其他元素.使它們以前所未有的方式互相作用.這種技術(shù)應(yīng)用多種元素以及復(fù)合材料.它們?cè)谖恢?移動(dòng)及成分上的不規(guī)則可消除結(jié)構(gòu)的局限性,因而產(chǎn)生新的局部規(guī)則環(huán)境.而這些新的局部環(huán)境決定了這些材料的物理性質(zhì),電子性質(zhì)以及化學(xué)性質(zhì).因此使得合成具有新潁機(jī)理的新型材料成為可能.電網(wǎng)連接-光伏發(fā)電(Grid-Connected-photovoltaic)是一種由光伏發(fā)電板陣向電網(wǎng)提供電力的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng).這些系統(tǒng)可由供電

52、公司或個(gè)別樓宇來(lái)運(yùn)作.直流交流轉(zhuǎn)換器(Inverter)用來(lái)將直流電轉(zhuǎn)換成交流電的裝置.千瓦(Kilowatt)1000瓦特,一個(gè)燈泡通常使用40至100瓦特的電力.百萬(wàn)瓦特(Megawatt)1,000,000瓦特光伏發(fā)電板(Module-photovoltaic)光伏電池以串聯(lián)方式連在一起組成發(fā)電板.奧佛電子(Ovonic)以S.R.奧佛辛斯基(聯(lián)合太陽(yáng)能公司創(chuàng)始人)及電子的組合命名-用來(lái)描述我們獨(dú)有的材料,產(chǎn)品和技術(shù)的術(shù)語(yǔ).奧佛辛斯基效應(yīng)(Ovshinskyeffect)一種特別的玻璃狀薄膜在極小電壓的作用下從一種非導(dǎo)體轉(zhuǎn)變成一種半導(dǎo)體的效應(yīng).并聯(lián)連接(ParallelConnectio

53、n)一種發(fā)電板連接方法.這種連接法使電壓保持相同,但電流成倍數(shù)增加峰值輸出功能(PeakPower)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間(通常是10到30秒)的最大能量輸出.光伏(Photovoltaic-PV)光能到電能的直接轉(zhuǎn)換.光伏發(fā)電板(電池)(PhotovoltaicCell)經(jīng)過(guò)特殊處理可將太陽(yáng)能輻射轉(zhuǎn)換成電力的半導(dǎo)體材料.卷到卷工序(Roll-to-RollProcess)將整卷的基件連續(xù)地轉(zhuǎn)變成整卷的產(chǎn)品的工序.串聯(lián)連接(SeriesConnection)電流不變電壓倍增的連接方式.太陽(yáng)能(Solar)來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的能量.太陽(yáng)能收集器(SolarCollectors)用以捕獲來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的光能或熱能的裝置.太

54、陽(yáng)收集器用于太陽(yáng)能熱水器系統(tǒng)中(常見(jiàn)于住家),而光伏能收集器則是用于太陽(yáng)能電力系統(tǒng).太陽(yáng)能加熱(SolarHeating)利用來(lái)自太陽(yáng)的熱能發(fā)電的技術(shù)或系統(tǒng).太陽(yáng)能收集器用于太陽(yáng)能熱水器系統(tǒng)中(常見(jiàn)于住家),而光伏能收集器則是用于太陽(yáng)能電力系統(tǒng)中太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電模塊或太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板(SolarModuleorSolarPanel)一些由太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板單元所組成的太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板板塊.穩(wěn)定能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率(StabilizedEnergyConversionEfficiency)長(zhǎng)期的電力輸出與光能輸入比例.系統(tǒng),平衡系統(tǒng)(Systems;BalanceofSystems)太陽(yáng)能電力系統(tǒng)包括了光伏發(fā)電板矩陣和其它

55、的部件.這些部件可使這些太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電板得以應(yīng)用在需要可控直流電或交流電的住家和商業(yè)設(shè)施中.用于太陽(yáng)能電力系統(tǒng)的其它部件包括:接線和短路裝置，充電調(diào)壓器，逆變器，儀表和接地部件薄膜(Thin-Film)在基片上形成的很薄的材料層.伏特(Volts)電動(dòng)勢(shì)能單位.能促使一安培的電流通過(guò)一歐姆的電阻.電壓(Voltage)電勢(shì)的量.電壓表(VoltageMeter)用以測(cè)量電壓的裝置.瓦特(Watts)用電壓乘以電流的值來(lái)衡量的電力度本篇文章來(lái)源于中國(guó)太陽(yáng)能信息網(wǎng)|Solar.NengYuan.Net原文鏈接 HYPERLINK /2009/0702/8596.html /2009/0702/8596

56、.html能源專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)中英對(duì)照表Absorber吸收器Absorption吸收Activepower(kW)有效功率Airinlet空氣入口Airvents通風(fēng)口Alternatingcurrent交流電Approach(ofcoolingtowers)(冷卻塔的)逼近度Armature電樞/電纜的鎧裝Ash灰分Atmosphericpressure大氣壓力Axialfans軸流式風(fēng)機(jī)Biomass生物質(zhì)Blowdown排污Blowers鼓風(fēng)機(jī)Boiler鍋爐Boilingpoint沸點(diǎn)Branchlines支管線Buildingenvelope建筑物外殼Burnernozzles燃燒器噴嘴B

57、urners燃燒器Calorificvalue熱值Capacitor電容器Capacity生產(chǎn)能力Casing塔殼Centrifugalfans離心式鼓風(fēng)機(jī)Chilledwater冷凍水Coal煤炭Cogeneration熱電聯(lián)產(chǎn)CombinedHeatandPower(CHP)熱電聯(lián)合Combustion燃燒Combustionair燃燒空氣Combustionanalyzer燃燒分析儀Compressedair壓縮空氣Compressor壓縮機(jī)Condensate冷凝Condensaterecovery凝結(jié)水回收Condenser冷凝器Conductivity傳導(dǎo)率Convection對(duì)流

58、Cooling冷卻Coolingtower冷卻塔Corrosion腐蝕Current電流Damper減震器De-aeration除氧Demineralization除鹽Density密度Directcurrent直流Directmethod直接法Discharge排放Distributionsystem配送系統(tǒng)Draft通風(fēng)裝置Drainpoints排水點(diǎn)Economizers省煤器Efficiency效率Electricmotor電動(dòng)機(jī)Electricity電力Emmisivity放射率Enthalpy熱函Evaporation蒸發(fā)Evaporator蒸發(fā)器Excessair過(guò)量空氣Exha

59、ustair廢氣Falseair漏風(fēng)Fan風(fēng)機(jī)Fanpulley風(fēng)機(jī)皮帶輪Feedwater加水Fill(ofcoolingtowers)(冷卻塔的)填料Filters過(guò)濾器Flashsteam擴(kuò)容蒸汽Flow流Flowmeters流量表Fluegas煙道氣Fluorescentlamps熒光燈Frame塔架Freezingpoint凝固點(diǎn)Frequency頻率Fueloil燃料油Fuelsystem燃料系統(tǒng)Furnace熔爐Furnaceoil爐用油Gaseousfuel氣體燃料Generator發(fā)電機(jī)Gravity重力Grid電網(wǎng)GrossCalorificValue(GCV)總熱值Hal

60、ogenlamps鹵素?zé)鬑ead(ofpumps)(泵的)揚(yáng)程Heatexchanger換熱器Heatloss熱損失Horsepower(hp)馬力Humidity濕度Hydropower水電Ignitor點(diǎn)火器Impeller推進(jìn)葉輪Impurities雜質(zhì)Incandescentlamps白熾燈Incompletecombustion不完全燃燒Indirectmethod間接法Inductionmotor感應(yīng)電機(jī)Infraredlight紅外光Inlet入口Inletvanes入口葉片Insulation絕緣,保溫Leakdetector滲漏檢測(cè)器Leakage滲漏Lightdieselo