射出成型制程簡(jiǎn)介課件

1、射出成型製程簡(jiǎn)介射出成型製程簡(jiǎn)介射出成型機(jī)及操作塑膠成型製程物理射出成型機(jī)系統(tǒng)鎖模系統(tǒng)模具系統(tǒng)充填系統(tǒng)液壓系統(tǒng)控制系統(tǒng)射出成型機(jī)規(guī)格一般而言，射出成型機(jī)規(guī)格指定以鎖模噸數(shù)（Clamping tonnage） 及射料量（shot size）兩者為主。其他的參數(shù)，還包括了射出速率（injection rate），射出壓力（ injection pressure），螺桿規(guī)格（ screw design），最大模厚（ mold thickness），以及柱間距（ the distance between tie bars ）。射出成型機(jī)種類一般用途General-purpose machines 精密

2、，高精度Precision, tight-tolerance machines 高速，薄殼成型High-speed, thin-wall machines充填系統(tǒng) Injection System料斗加熱器噴嘴往復(fù)式螺桿料管料斗 The HopperThermoplastic material is supplied to molders in the form of small pellets. The hopper on the injection molding machine holds these pellets. The pellets are gravity-fed from t

3、he hopper through the hopper throat into the barrel and screw assembly. 成型業(yè)者拿到的熱塑性材料是小圓球狀或是不規(guī)則的塊狀，材料會(huì)放置到射出機(jī)上的料斗，利用重力讓這些材料從料斗進(jìn)入到料管及螺桿系統(tǒng)料管 The Barrel射出成型機(jī)的料管內(nèi)安裝往復(fù)式塑化螺桿。料管由電子加熱器加熱。 the barrel of the injection molding machine supports the reciprocating plasticizing screw. It is heated by the electric he

4、ater bands. 往復(fù)式螺桿 The Reciprocating Screw往復(fù)式螺桿的功能包括了壓縮，融化，以及傳遞塑料。往復(fù)式螺桿的動(dòng)作可分為三段：加料段 The Feeding Zone壓縮段 The Compressing (Transition) Zone計(jì)量段 The Metering Zone往復(fù)式螺桿結(jié)構(gòu)加料段壓縮段計(jì)量段螺桿料管往復(fù)式螺桿動(dòng)作過(guò)程螺桿的外徑固定，但從壓縮段開(kāi)始，螺桿的螺牙深度逐漸變淺，塑料與螺桿摩擦的黏滯力產(chǎn)生剪切熱（Viscous Shear Heat）。剪切熱是讓塑膠粒融化的主要熱量來(lái)源，加熱器的功用僅在讓料管維持在塑料的融熔溫度。液壓系統(tǒng) Hydr

5、aulic SystemThe hydraulic system on the injection molding machine provides the power to open and close the mold, build and hold the clamping tonnage, turn the reciprocating screw, drive the reciprocating screw, and energize ejector pins and moving mold cores. A number of hydraulic components are req

6、uired to provide this power, which include pumps, valves, hydraulic motors, hydraulic fittings, hydraulic tubing, and hydraulic reservoirs. 射出成型機(jī)的液壓系統(tǒng)提供了開(kāi)閉模，鎖模系統(tǒng)，螺桿轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，模具頂出等系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)力來(lái)源。液壓系統(tǒng)包括了幫浦，油閥，液壓馬達(dá)，液壓配合件，液壓渦輪，以及 油槽等。. 射出成型機(jī)操作順序一模具關(guān)閉，螺桿後退，準(zhǔn)備充填螺桿前進(jìn)，直到模穴填滿射出成型機(jī)操作順序二螺桿持續(xù)前進(jìn)，維持模穴保壓模穴持續(xù)冷卻至澆口凝固，螺桿後退射出成型機(jī)操作順

7、序三模具打開(kāi)，將成品頂出模具關(guān)閉，等待下次成型射出成型動(dòng)作細(xì)分充填 Filling保壓 Packing開(kāi)模 Mold Opening頂出 Part Ejection閉模 Mold Closing塑膠成型製程物理精成科技 模具中心塑膠如何流動(dòng)？Molten thermoplastic exhibits visco elastic behavior, which combines flow characteristics of both viscous liquids and elastic solids. When a viscous liquid flows, the energy that

8、causes the deformation is dissipated and becomes viscous heat. On the other hand, when an elastic solid is deformed, the driving energy is stored. 融熔的熱塑性塑膠表現(xiàn)出黏彈性的物理性質(zhì)，其流動(dòng)行為為黏滯性液體及彈性固體的綜合型態(tài)。當(dāng)黏滯性液體變形的時(shí)候，造成該動(dòng)作的能量消失，轉(zhuǎn)換成黏滯熱。但是，當(dāng)一個(gè)彈性固體變形時(shí)， 能量反而會(huì)儲(chǔ)存在固體內(nèi)。變形的定義 Deformation材料變形的模式（a）剪切 Simple Shear（b）拉伸 Simple Extension塑膠流動(dòng)時(shí)的變形融熔塑膠的變形模式（c）充填時(shí)的剪切變形 Shear Flow（d）充填時(shí)的拉伸變形 Extensional Flow黏彈性 Viscoelastic Behavior Melt Shear Viscosity當(dāng)流體受到剪切應(yīng)力的作用時(shí)，流體本身會(huì)抵抗該外力造成的變形，對(duì)塑膠來(lái)說(shuō)，表現(xiàn)出的就是黏度。黏度會(huì)由流體的厚度以及其所受的外力而決定。剪切應(yīng)力及剪切率的定義牛頓流體與非牛頓流體牛頓流體 Newton Fluid流體的黏度僅與