2023屆浙江省舟山市重點中學(xué)高三一診考試英語試卷含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷注意事項1考生要認真填寫考場號和座位序號。2試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分必須用2B 鉛筆作答；第二部分必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。3考試結(jié)束后，考生須將試卷和答題卡放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1Do you know what EU stands for, Tommy?SureIt stands for the European Union,_ European political and economic organization that encourages trade and

2、 friendship between _ countries that are membersAan; theBa; theCthe; /Dan; /2I think her opinion _, because she is an experienced teacher.Anumber BcalculatesCfigures Dcounts3Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _ of t

3、heir parents.Athose Bone Cthat Dit4A new movie Sacrifice came out last year, Ge You played adoctor saved an orphan at the cost of his own baby.Ain which; whoBwhen; whoCon which; by whomDwhere; whom5Painting from still images leads to a loss of sensitivity, which is _ to an artist.AabsoluteBurgentCes

4、pecialDvital6Are you free now? I have something important to tell you.OK, _ you make it short. I will have to finish this report before noon.Anow that Bas soon asCevery time Das long as7After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to sur

5、vive.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhat8The educational reform is now under way throughout the country, _ the students more opportunities to develop to their greatest potential.Ato grant Bhaving grantedCgranting Dgranted9Our company is seeking for a manager, especially _ with creativity and imagination.Athe oneB

6、eachConeDthat10Mr. Zhang gave all textbooks to all the pupils, except _ who had already taken them.Athese BonesCthose Dthe others11Mother told me in a phone call that she had written to me a week before, but I havent received_.AoneBitCsomethingDanything12How are you getting along with your German, K

7、ate？Oh, MrBlack, Im so tired of itMaybe I should drop out _ it kills meAwhenBafterCwhileDbefore13His suggestion_to see the film Avatar interested every one of us.Athat we goBwhich we should goCthat we would goDwe should go14He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashal

8、lBshouldCcanDmust15The statement of One Foundation helps you _ where your money is goingAkeep track ofBput up withCcome up withDfit in with16How was your job interview?Very successful. I _ my homework about the company, you know.Ahad done Bhave doneCdid Dwas doing17- I have heard Mr. Morgan will be

9、here at 4:00 pm. next Thursday.- No, he _ at that time.Awas boardingBwould be boardingCwill be boardingDis boarding18Youth is a period of our life we see no limit to our hopes and wishes.AwhereBthatCwhatDwhen19-Jassy , you speak Chinese so fluently! - _.You are lying, I have to say. B Thanks a lot f

10、or saying so.C Thats none of your business. D I cant agree more.20The senior teacher always goes swimming and does push-ups to stay _.Ain placeBin orderCin shapeDin fashion第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）A new device the size of a coffee cup can make drinkable water from dry a

11、ir using nothing but sunlight. With this device, “you can harvest a glass of water in an hour,” says Omar Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California, Berkeley. “Thats about how much water a person needs a day to survive in the desert.”Although the current device is just a prototype (原型), the t

12、echnology could be adopted to supply fresh water to the most remote regions of the globe, such as the Middle East and North Africa.Similar devices in previous attempts worked only below 50 percent relative humidity (濕度). They can extract water from the air even at low relative humidity. However, the

13、y either collect water too slowly or require lots of energy.However, the new device, using a new special material, pulls water from air with as low as 20 percent relative humidity and successfully avoids both problems. Developed by MIT engineers from an existing material, the special material, calle

14、d MOF-801, creates a network of very small pores (氣孔) that can trap water vapor. At room temperature, water vapor collects in the pores. As temperatures rise, the water escapes into the box designed for water collection.When the device is left in the shade, the layer of MOF-801 collects water vapor

15、from the air. When moved into direct sunlight, the layer heats up and the water vapor escapes into a box, which cools the vapor, making it into drinkable water. This entire process takes around two hours.Laboratory tests of the device harvested 2.8 liters of water per day. Therefore, the device coul

16、d be used us a personal water source in dry regions, Yaghi says, or the techonology could be used to produce enough water for a whole community.1、The new device is invented to according to Yaghi.Aprovide solar enegy Bmake the desert hospitableCmake water from air Dmeasure humidity2、What helps the de

17、vice avoid the problems of previous attempts?AA new material called MOF-801.BLarge pores which can trap water.CThe box cooling water vapor.DThe layer powered by the sun.3、Which is the right order of how the device works?a. Collect vapor from the air.b. The device is left in the shade.c. The device i

18、s moved in the sunlight.d. Cool the vapor into drinkable water.Aabcd BbacdCcabd Dacbd22（8分） New York City is a world capital in every sense of the wordits a cultural and economic powerhouse, and arguably the most influential city on the planet. But it wasnt always this way, as the following cities o

19、nce dominated the world around them.DjenneDjennoIn the flood lands of the Niger delta people have been building houses and other structures with clay for centuries. The town of DjenneDjenno is made entirely out of clay. It was inhabited as far back as 250 BC, and became an important link in the tran

20、sSaharan gold trade(跨撒哈拉黃金交易). Constructed on hills called “toguere”， the city managed to escape the marshy(沼澤的) landscape and annual floods produced by the rainy season. DjenneDjenno is believed to be one of the earliest settlements in the subSaharan region, and is considered by some to be “the typ

21、ical African City”.Archeological evidence shows us a continuous human presence in the area up until the 14th century AD, when people moved to the nearby town of Djenne, founded in the 11th century. Further evidence points out that even before the citys construction, the Bozo people were growing wild

22、 rice in the region. In the 13th century AD, with King Koumboros conversion to Islam, its palace transformed into a mosque.CarthageLegend has it that Carthage was founded by Queen Dido of the Phoenicians. She fled the city of Tyre located in presentday Lebanon in order to escape the hatred of her br

23、other Pygmalion, who was her rival to the throne. Along with a group of settlers, she traveled a great distance by sea and landed in North Africa, where she met King Iarbas. He offered to give them land in order to build a settlement, but no bigger than the surface covered by the hide(牛皮) of an ox.

24、They cleverly cut the hide into thin strips and were able to enclose a fairly large area of land. On this land, the mighty city of Carthage was built.These stories are most likely just that, but the fact that the Phoenicians built the city around 760 BC is true. Located in such a good positionin the

25、 middle of the Mediterranean, close to Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica, and a pretty good distance from Egypthelped make Carthage a leading trade center and military power. The population soon reached half a million citizens and, in order to house them all, buildings were all built five or six stories

26、tall. Carthage was the first city in ancient times to have a centralized sewage system, linking all buildings within the city walls. The most notable of structures among the ruins was the “Thophet”， which is believed to be an altar(圣壇) for child sacrifice.TenochtitlanTenochtitlan was the capital cit

27、y of the Aztec Empire. It was built on an island surrounded by Lake Texcoco deep inside the jungles of Central America. By the time the Spanish conquerors were aware of its existence, the population was around 200，000. This was a city very different from what the Europeans were used to. Founded in 1

28、325 AD, the Aztec capital was joined to the mainland by three causeways(堤道). It was laid out in straight street grids and had enormous pyramids at its center, which were surrounded by the skulls of the dead and ceremonial sculptures.1、What do we know about the ancient cities?ATenochtitlan was the fi

29、rst city to link all buildings within the city walls using a centralized sewage system.BCarthage was considered to have played an important role in the transSaharan gold trade.CThere was no doubt that Carthage was founded by Queen Dido of the Phoenicians.DAccording to some people, the city DjenneDje

30、nno is “a typical African city”.2、The passage is most probably taken from _.Aa news reportBa science fictionCa history bookDa research paper23（8分）LIPITORABOUT LIPITORLipitor is a prescription medicine. Along with diet and exercise, it lowers “bad” cholesterol (膽固醇) in your blood. It can also raise “

31、good” cholesterol.Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors, including family history of early heart disease, high blood pressure, age and smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR:. People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and ex

32、ercise. Adults and children over 10Who should NOT take LIPITOR:. Women who are pregnant, may be pregnant, or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby. Women who are breast-feeding. Lipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People with liver (肝臟) problemsPOSSIBLE SI

33、DK EFFECTS OF LIPITORSerious side effects in a small number of people: Muscle (肌肉) problems that can lead to kidney (腎臟) problems, including kidney failure. Liver problems. Your doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking it.Call your doctor right

34、away if you have:. Unexplained muscle pain or weakness, especially if you have a fever or feel very fired. Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, and/or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing. Stomach painSome common side effects of LIPITOR are:. Muscle pain. Upset stomach. Changes

35、 in some blood testsHOW TO TAKE LIPITORDO:. Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor. Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor. Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food. If you miss a dose (一劑), take it as soon as you remember. But if it has been more than 12 hours since y

36、our missed dose, wait. Take the next dose at your regular time.Dont:. Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor. Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.585、What is a major function of Lipitor?ATo help quit smoking.BTo control blood pressure.CTo lower “bad” chole

37、sterol.DTo improve unhealthy diet.1、Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?AFace swelling.BUpset stomach.CKidney failure.DMuscle weakness.2、What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo teach patients ways for quick recovery.BTo present a report on a scientific research.CTo s

38、how the importance of a good lifestyle.DTo give information about a kind of medicine.24（8分）The study led by Myrskyla,director of the Max Planck Institute in Germany was the first to analyze the accumulative effect of several key health behaviors on disability-free and total life expectancy.Previous

39、studies have looked at single health behaviors.Myrskyla and colleagues instead examined several behaviors simultaneously（同時）,which allowed them to determine how long and healthy the lives of people who had avoided most of the well-known individual behavioral risk factors were.The researchers noted t

40、hat each of the three unhealthy behaviorsobesity,smoking,and unhealthy consumption of alcoholwas linked to a reduction in life expectancy and to an earlier occurrence of disabilities.However, smoking was found to be associated with an early death but not with an increase in the number of years with

41、disability,while obesity led to a long period of time with disability.Excessive alcohol consumption was found to cause both decreased lifespan（壽命）and a reduced number of healthy years.However,the absence of all of these risky healthy behaviors was found to be associated with the greatest number of h

42、ealthy years.The most striking finding was the discovery of a large difference in average lifespan between the groups who were the most and the least at risk.Men who were not overweight,had never smoked,and drank properly were found to live an average of 11 years longer than men who were overweight,

43、had smoked,and drank excessively.For women, the gap between these two groups was found to be even greater,at 12 years.“Our results show how important it is to focus on prevention.Those who avoid risky health behaviors are achieving very long and healthy lives,”said Myrskyla.Its not without reason th

44、at we are told repeatedly to switch to a healthy lifestyle,which can prevent you from various illnesses as well as keep you young and active. Improvements in medical technology are often thought to be the gatekeeper to healthier,longer life.But we showed that a healthy lifestyle,is enough to enable

45、individuals to enjoy a very long and healthy life,said Myrskyla.A healthy lifestyle is enough to get the benefits.Avoiding those behaviors is not an unrealistic goal.1、Myrskylas study is different from previous ones in that .Ait concentrates on how individual behaviors affect our healthBit is conduc

46、ted by a team of professional researchersCit analyzes the combined effects of some unhealthy behaviorsDit assesses the risk of unhealthy behaviors on decreased lifespan2、It can be learned from paragraphs 2-3 that .Aobesity is closely connected with an early deathBsmoking leads to along period of tim

47、e with disabilityCoverdrinking contributes to the reduction in lifespanDno striking differences exist between the two groups of women3、What may be the best title for the text?AHealth Improvement: Adoption of a Balanced DietBHealth Care: Not a Privilege but a RightCAbsence of Smoking: Simplest Way to

48、 Keep HealthyDLifestyle Changes: Extra Years in Good Health25（10分）“Its really a breakthrough,” said British scientist Guillem about the discovery of a planet “more or less” like Earth that is orbiting Proxima Centauri, the star nearest to our solar system.Proxima b, or “Earth II”as you could call it

49、 , is a lttle bigger than our Earth, and its years only take 11days. Also, since it is so much closer to its red dwarf (矮小的) star than we are to the sun, the sky on its world is orange without any blue at all, creating a forever sunset effect.There are a lot of questions for life forms that could li

50、ve on this new planet. As the Chicago Tribune wrote: “Do you have poetry? Superheroes? Television? Diets? Mean bosses? Do you have any interest in visiting other worlds? If so, put Earth on your Must See list. ”The discovery of the planet made us wonder if anyone had seen or heard of the space postc

51、ards from Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11space probes (探測器), sent up into space in 1972 and the next year. Together with the probes were pictures of a man and a woman, along with diagrams of the solar system. Gold records were sent up into space on Voyager probes in 1977. If aliens (外星人) on Proxima b had

52、played the record , they would have found human voices and pictures that showed the rich diversity of Earth.It might not be time to plan a visit to Proxima b just yeteven if it has an atmosphereas first , we would need to invent a way to get there in less than the 78,000 years it would take at 36,00

53、0 mph. “Proxima b looks to us like a promising Plan(et) B, just in case things go really south on this blue planet. ” the Chicago Tribune wrote.1、What do we know about Proxima b?AIt has an orange sky.BIt is closer to the sun.CIt has no sunrise.DIt is as large as Earth.2、What could be found on the go

54、ld records sent up by Voyager probes in 1977?APictures of a couple.BMaps of the solar system.CRecorded sounds.DSeveral postcards.3、What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean?AEarth moves to the south.BProxima b gets closer to Earth.CSituation changes favorably.DConditions

55、on Earth get worse.4、What was the attitude of the Chicago Tribune towards the discovery of the planet?AExcited.BWorried.CUninterested.DProud.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）One morning all the employees reached the office as usual. And on the wall

56、they saw a big 1 on which it was written: Yesterday, the person who has been 2 your growth in this company passed 3 . We invite you to join the funeral(葬禮) prepared in the 4 .In the beginning, they all got 5 for the death of one of their colleagues(同事). 6 after a while they started getting 7 to know

57、 who was the man that limited the growth of his colleagues and the company itself.The 8 in the gym was such that security guards were 9 to control the crowd within the room. The more people reached the coffin(棺材), the more the excitement 10 up. Everyone whispered to each other: “ 11 on earth is this

58、 guy?”O(jiān)ne by one the excited employees got closer to the coffin, and when they 12 inside it, they 13 became speechless. They stood nearby the coffin, shocked and in 14 , as if someone had 15 the deepest part of their soul.There was a 16 inside the coffin; everyone who looked inside it could see hims

59、elf. There was also a sign next to the mirror that 17 : there is only one person who is 18 to set limits to your growth: IT IS 19 ! Your life doesnt change when everyone around you changes. Your life changes when YOU change, when you go beyond your limiting beliefs inside. Dont be afraid of 20 ; bui

60、ld yourself and your reality. Its the way you face life itself that makes the difference!1、Apost Bcard Cletter Dsign2、Aencouraging Blimiting Cbuilding Dhelping3、Aon Baway Cby Ddown4、Agym Boffice Cway Dmeeting room5、Aafraid Bexcited Csad Dcalm6、AAnd BOr CBut DSo7、Acurious Bpleased Cready Dserious8、As