2023屆山西省陽高縣第一中學(xué)高三第一次調(diào)研測試英語試卷含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角條形碼粘貼處。2作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回

2、。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1_ a high percentage of Australians may be people who watch sports rather than do them, as far as most of its population is concerned, it is indeed a great sporting nation.AWhileBasCIfDWhether2You wont find paper cutting difficult _you keep practicing it.Aeven if Bas long

3、as Cas if Dever since3If he _ his teachers suggestion, he would have won the English Speech Contest.Ahad followedBshould followCwas to followDfollowed4Did you enjoy your journey to Beijing last weekend? . We had driven more than 3 hours before we found the right way.AAbsolutely BNo way CNot at all D

4、With pleasure5A man can fail many times, he is a real failure when he begins to blame someone else.Abut Bor Cand Dso6Rent usually _ up in the summer, when college graduates are moving out of their dormitories and seeking for new places to move in.Awill goBgoesChas goneDwent7Nowadays, the Internet is

5、 a popular _ for the public to access information and voice their opinions.AtrackBtrendCchannelDlane8-Lets walk to that village together.-_. How can we two girls do that in the dark？AI agree with you.BThats a good point.CYou must be joking！DThats not your opinion！9_ the heavy rain，the couple went to

6、 the supermarket to buy their son a gift.AIn spite ofBExcept forCBut forDInstead of10Jack and Mike were found cheating in the exam, and_by their teacher at the moment.Awere scoldedBare being scoldedChave been scoldedDwere being scolded11We packed all the books in the wooden boxes_ they wouldnt get d

7、amaged.Aas long as Bas ifCin case Dso that12The infrastructure of a country is _ makes everything run well, including things like transport, irrigation, electricity and schools.Awhich BthatCwhere Dwhat13I usually do the washing up and leave the cooking to my wife，_shes a better cook than meAunlessBa

8、sCeven thoughDin case14For all the failure of his business, he remains optimistic and _ untroubled by his problems.AhopefullyBseeminglyCrarelyDfrequently15You should set a goal and see _ you can achieve it in the coming exam.AwhichBwhatCwhetherDwhen16Lucia impressed her peer students with her musica

9、l talent, as well as several foreign languages _.Aon her ownBunder her controlCin her chargeDat her command17You can choose not to forgive. _ you can also choose to let it go.AAbsolutelyBConsequentlyCSubsequentlyDAlternatively18Most spending that results in debt is like a drug: a quick hit of pleasu

10、re that _, only to drag you down for years to come.Atakes offBwears offCsets offDshows off19Why are you so upset?I had my computer repaired yesterday, but it _ work again.AdoesntBdidntCwontDwouldnt20Sir, Im late because my car broke down on the way._. Ive had enough of your excuses.ACut it outBSuit

11、yourselfCYou cant be seriousDIt makes sense第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21（6分）Joy Mangano was 33 and divorced. She had three kids under age 7, and was barely keeping up payments on her small two-bedroom home by working extra hours as a waitress. “There were times when I would lie

12、 in bed and think, I dont know how Im going to pay that bill,” Mangano says.But he had a special ability for seeing the obvious thing. She knew how hard it was to mop the floor. “I was tired of bending down, putting my hands in dirty water, wringing (擰) out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, There s gotta b

13、e a better way.How about a “self-wringing” mop? She designed a special tool you could twist in two directions at once, and still keep your hands clean and dry. She set out to sell it, first a few at flea markers.Then Mangano met with the media. But would couch potatoes (電視迷）buy a mop? The experts on

14、 shopping TV were less than certain. They gave it a try, and it failed. Mangano was sure it would sell if theyd let her do the on-camera display. She said, “Get me on that stage, and I will sell this mop because its a great item.”So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home sho

15、pping, took a chance on her. “ I got onstage and the phones went crazy. We sold every mop in minutes.”Today shes president of Ingenious Designs, a multimillion-dollar company, and one of the stars of HSN, the Home Shopping Network. Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natur

16、al for me as it is for a parent to talk about their child.”1、What is the first paragraph mainly about?AManganos small home.BManganos work experience.CManganos unhappy marriage.DManganos hard living conditions.2、Mangano said the mop successfully with the help of .AHSN BQVCCcouch potatoes Dexperts on

17、shopping TV3、What does Mangano think of her invention?ASpecial. BNormal.CDissatisfied DUnbelievable.4、What can we learn from the text?AHSN is a business organization that sells goods on the Internet.BThe experts on shopping TV were confident about Manganos mop.CMangano got the idea of self-wringing

18、mop from her own experience.DMangano once had to work seven days a week to support her family.22（8分）The True Story of a Young ManWhen Reginald Lindsay received a scholarship to Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia in 1923, what he wanted most was not a job with a good salary, but a chance to be a m

19、ember of Congress as a southern representative. After earning his degree at Harvard Law School in 1930, he returned to the South to practice law among the poor. “I want to help them understand what their rights are and to help them achieve them,” he said. Then he ran for political office at the loca

20、l and state level until he was ready to try for Congress.Reg grew up in a low-income Negro section of Birmingham, Alabama. Brought up by his grandparents after his parents were divorced while he was very young, Reg had been living through a period of far-reaching progress in race relations. In the s

21、ummer of 1928 Reg himself became a good example of this progress when he became the first Negro student appointed to a special new program. The program introduced bright young students to the workings of the Georgia State government and encouraged them to seek employment there after finishing their

22、education. “Ive been lucky,” he said. “I seem to have been in the right place at the right time.”But luck was only part of Regs story, for he made the most of opportunities that came his way. He learned to read in kindergarten and began visiting the public library regularly to borrow books. His gran

23、dparents encouraged him, though neither of them had much education, and they bought him a set of encyclopedias. “I loved those books,” he remembered. “I used to come downstairs before breakfast and read short articles. I enjoyed reading about famous men, and then I would pretend to be one of them. I

24、 guess it was partly a childish game and partly an escape. It wasnt too much fun to be a Negro when I was a kid.” While studying for his bachelors degree at Morehouse College, Reg worked on several political campaigns helping candidates get elected to government offices. At the same time he maintain

25、ed a “B” average while majoring in political science.With just two more years to complete at Harvard Law School, which also gave him a scholarship, Reg made a good start on his professional career. He said, “The good life for me is the kind of life where I can find satisfaction in public service.” T

26、hen in 1931 he was the Massachusetts state commissioner of public utilities and from 1993 to 2009 he was judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts.1、After earning his degree from Harvard Law School, Reginald planned to .Areturn to his hometown to find a job with a g

27、ood salaryBgo back to the South to help the poor understand their rightsCrun for local office to make progress on the civil rights movementDtry for Congress by encouraging the poor to join an education program2、In what way did Reginalds grandparents encourage him to read?AThey sent him to kindergart

28、en.BThey led him to public library.CThey bought him encyclopedias.DThey borrowed many books for him.3、Which of the following words can best describe Reginald?AEnthusiastic and careful.BCooperative and modest.CAmbitious and hardworking.DCourageous and generous.23（8分）The next time your brain refuses t

29、o recall a simple fact or name, be thankful. That could be a sign that your brain is getting rid of unnecessary information so that it can operate more efficiently, and help you make better decisions.The researchers say there are numerous neurobiological(神經(jīng)生物學(xué)的)studies conducted on how the brain sto

30、res information, a process called persistence (暫留). However, scientists also assumed that our occasional inability to recall facts was due to a are an the brain. In 2013, scientists discovered that as new neurons combine with the hippocampus(海馬區(qū))-a region of the brain that plays a significant role i

31、n learning and remembering-they overwrite old memories, making them harder to access. There is also evidence that the brain weakens or removes connections between neurons, in which memories are encoded.The scientists have a theory on why the brain spends so much energy erasing memories. They say wha

32、t the brain decides to forget is determined by our daily life. An example is that our brains remember phone numbers according to the need. Instead of storing this irrelevant information that our phones can store for us, our brains are freed up to store the memories that actually do matter for us. Th

33、ey also believe that memorizing too much detail could prevent us from making good decisions.So the next time you are unable to recall a seemingly important fact, dont be hard on yourself. Just throw it to your brains “rubbish can” to make room for information that can contribute to making you smarte

34、r! Remember, even Albert Einstein was absent-minded!1、What can we know from the first two paragraphs?APersistence is not a process to store informationBOnce information is stored in the brain, it will last foreverCLearning and memorizing take place in the hippocampusDNew neurons will strengthen old

35、memories2、The brain has to erase memories to _.Arecall important informationBstore more important informationCstore detailDremember phone numbers3、If some unimportant information is stored, it will be _.Acombined with the hippocampusBprocessed and memorized permanentlyCstored and decoded immediately

36、Dremoved and forgotten soon4、What is the best title of the passage?AScientists encourage us to forget thingsBThe way our brains memorize and encodeCForgetting things may make you smarterDWhy was Albert Einstein absent-minded?24（8分） Babies have an astonishing talent that adults entirely lose. By the

37、age of one, they can recognise the significant noises around them and group them into a language. When we have lost this capacity as adults, it becomes enormously difficult to distinguish between sounds that are glaringly different to a native speaker. It all sounds Greek to us. This is because the

38、range of possible sounds that humans use to convey meaning may be as high as 2,000, but few languages use more than 100 and even then the significant noisesthe phonemes (音素) of a languageeach cover a range of sounds and so vague distinctions which would change the meaning of a word in other language

39、s.But where do these phonemes come from and why do they shift over time? New research suggests that the apparently arbitrary distribution of some sounds around the world may be partially explained by diet. This is unexpected. Wed rather think of language as product of our thought, rather than of the

40、 arrangement of our teeth. In reality, though, any given language must be both.Hunter gatherer languages very seldom use the sounds known as labiodentals (唇齒音)those such as f and vthat are made by touching the lower lip with the upper teeth. Only two of the hundreds of Australian aboriginal language

41、s use them, for example. But in cultures that have discovered farming, these consonants (輔音) are much more common. The argument goes that farmers eat more cooked food and more dairy than hunter gatherers. Either way, they need to chew mush less, and to bite less with their front teeth. So farmers gr

42、ew up with smaller lower jaws and more of an overbite than their ancestors who had to bite through harder foods. It became easier for them to make the labiodental consonants instead of purely labial (唇音) ones: one example is that f come to take the place of p. Romans said “pater” but English speaker

43、s (unless theyre ReesMoggs) say “father”.Beyond these particular changes, the story highlights the way in which everything distinctively human is both material and spiritual: speech must combine sound and meaning, and the meaning can t exist or be transmitted without a real object. But neither can i

44、t be reduced to the purely physical, as our inability to understand or even to recognise foreign languages makes clear. The food we eat shapes our jaws, and our jaws in turn shape the sounds of our language. The ease with which we eat probably shapes our thought too, as anyone who has suffered tooth

45、ache could testify. What we eat may have shaped the sounds of our language, but how we eat changes how we feel and what we use language to express. A family meal is very different from a sandwich at the office desk, even if the calorie is the same. Food has purposes and meanings far beyond keeping u

46、s alive and pleasing the Palate (味覺).1、Compared with adults, babies could more easily .Acreate significant noisesBclassify the forms of noisesCunderstand the Greek languageDdistinguish meaningful sounds2、According to the passage, which of the following factors help shape language?ALips and teeth.BJo

47、bs and habits.CAge and regions.DFood and thinking.3、The reason for farmers making sounds of “f” and “v” is .Aenjoying more cooked foodsBbiting more with front teethCconstantly chewing harder foodsDgrowing up with lager lower jaws4、By writing this passage, the author intends to reveal .Ajaws help sha

48、pe our thoughtBfood determines our thoughtCdiet has some influence on languageDlanguage consists of sound and meaning25（10分）Students at the Florida high school where 17 people were shot dead in February of 2018 are being asked to wear clear backpacks.School officials have written to families of Marj

49、ory Stoneman Douglas High pupils outlining the plans as part of new security measures, They say any student without a clear backpack will be given one at no cost. As well as introducing the transparent backpacks for quicker safety checks, there will also be airport-style metal detectors and school v

50、isitors will pass through special gates.“Were going to man every gate at the school during school hours and for after-school activities,” said the superintendent of Broward County Public Schools, Robert W. Runcie.Since the shooting when Nikolas Cruz opened fire killing 17 people, students there have

51、 been leading calls for gun reform.Donald Trump has told US politicians he wants tougher laws with “really strong background checks”, while hes faced anger from anti-gun groups for suggesting training school staff to use firearms.In the last few days, safety at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High has been

52、 called into question again after several security breaches (違反). Three students were arrested on Tuesday, two for carrying knives and one for making threats on Snapchat. Some parents have become so worried that theyve been keeping their children off school.“Weve got to put things into place now,” M

53、r Runcie said.1、Which is a new security measure of the school?ATeachers are trained to use firearms.BGuards are hired to monitor the students.CVisitors are forbidden to enter the school.DStudents are required to wear clear backpacks.2、What can we know about the school shooting from the text?AThe gun

54、man was a school staff member.BOne of the victims was named Nikolas Cruz.CSeventeen people were shot dead on campus.DSomeone unknown broke in and opened fire.3、Some parents have become worried because .Athree students were badly hurtBthe school takes few safety measuresCthey received a letter from t

55、he teacherDthere are still safety problems at the school4、What is the students attitude toward firearms?AThey call for changes of gun laws.BThey are against the schools stricter rules.CThey defend their right to possess weapons.DThey approve of Donald Trumps suggestion.第三部分 語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分

56、30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)26（30分）The town I live in is about to put cameras at all traffic lights to catch people who run red lights. It 1 me of how many people Ive seen who take the yellow light as a 2 to go faster. I also cant understand why people dont move when the traffic l

57、ight has turned green. Above all, there are those 3 situations in which someone doesnt even 4 that the light turns red, and just keeps going. That is why so many 5 happen! All these situations make me 6 the purpose of traffic lights. 7 , its even more frightening to imagine letting people make their

58、 own decisions at 8 crossroads. Do the biggest cars get to go first? Who decides who goes next? So I guess I do like the idea of a system to 9 traffic. And Ill do my best to 10 the traffic rules: to go, to be cautious, and to stop when Im 11 to. It occurs to me that my 12 have done much the same for

59、 me 13 teaching me how to live. They have given me many 14 lights: to get along well with others, to listen and talk to them, to help others, and to 15 with joy and purpose. They have also given me some red lights 16 my life goes astray（誤入歧途）: not to be greedy, to keep my temper, and to control my d

60、esires. And there 17 have been some yellow caution lights: to watch how much I drink, to keep control of my behavior, and to 18 school regularly and work hard. If I obey these rules, my life will be as 19 as it can be. Just as Im wise to pay attention to the traffic lights when Im walking across the