語法專業(yè)術(shù)語

1、The Translation of Professional Terms in English Grammar 英語語法中專業(yè)術(shù)語的翻譯詞類 parts of speech.實詞 notional wordnoun pronoun verb adjective adverb numeral虛詞 form wordarticle preposition conjunction interjection.名詞noun縮寫n.普通名詞 common noun （類名詞 class noun/集體名詞 collective noun/物質(zhì)名詞 material noun/ 抽象名詞 abstract

2、 noun ）專有名詞 proper noun可數(shù)名詞 countable noun不可數(shù)名詞 uncountable noun單數(shù) singular number復(fù)數(shù) plural number名詞的格 case of noun三三格 nominative case賓格 objective case所有格 possessive case.冠詞 article 縮寫 art.定冠詞definite（肯定的、確切的）article不定冠詞 indefinite article.數(shù)詞 numeral 縮寫 num.基數(shù)詞 cardinal numeral序數(shù)詞 ordinal numeral.連詞

3、 conjunction 縮寫 conj.等立連詞 coordinative conjunction從屬連詞 subordinative conjunction簡單連詞 simple conjunction關(guān)連連詞 correlative conjunction分詞連詞 participle conjunction短語連詞 phrasal conjunction.感嘆詞 interjection 縮寫 int.代詞 pronoun 縮寫 pron.人稱代詞 personal pronoun物主代詞 possessive pronounnominal possessive pronoun 名詞性

4、物主代詞objective possessive pronoun 形容詞，性物主代詞自 身代詞 self-pronoun相互代詞 reciprocal pronoun eg: each other指示代詞 demonstrative pronoun疑問代詞 interrogative pronoun關(guān)系代詞 relative pronounsome不 定代詞 indefinite pronoun eg: something .介詞 preposition 縮寫 prep.簡單介詞 simple preposition復(fù)合介詞 compound preposition二重介詞 double pr

5、eposition短語介詞 phrasal preposition分詞介詞 participle preposition介詞短語 prepositional phrase.形容詞adjective縮寫adj.比較等級 degrees of comparison原級 positive degree比較級 comparative degree最高級 superlative degree.副詞 adverb 縮寫 adv.普通副詞 ordinary adverb疑問副詞 interrogative adverb關(guān)系副詞 relative adverb連接副詞 conjunctive adverb.動

6、詞verb縮寫v.限定動詞 finite verb非限定動詞 non finite verb （動詞不定式 infinitive/ 動 名 詞 gerund/d ?er ?nd/ 分詞 participle/ 獨立結(jié)構(gòu) absolute construction）實義動詞 notional verb連系動詞link verb情態(tài)動詞 modal verb助動詞 auxiliary verb及物動詞 transitive verb不及物動詞 intransitive verb動詞短語 phrasal verb.動詞的基本形式 principal forms of the verb動詞原形 roo

7、t form of the verb過去式 past tense form規(guī)貝U動詞 regular verb不規(guī)貝U動詞 irregular verb過去分詞 past participle現(xiàn)在分詞 present participle時態(tài)tense句子 sentence.句子成分 members of the sentence主語 subject謂語 predicate 謂語動詞 predicate verb表語 predicative賓語 objective定語 attribute狀語 adverbial同位語 apposition句 子的獨立成分 independent element

8、s of the sentence插入語 parenthetical statement.句子的分類 classification of the sentence陳述句 declarative sentencepositive 肯定 negative 否定的疑問旬 interrogative sentence一 般疑問 句 general question/特殊疑問句 special question/選擇疑問句 alternative question/反義疑問 旬 disjunctive question祈使句 imperative sentence感嘆句 exclamatory sent

9、ence簡單旬 simple sentence并歹U旬 compound sentence復(fù)合旬 complex sentence.并歹U旬和復(fù)合旬 compound sentence and complex sentence關(guān)聯(lián)詞 connective主語從旬 subject clause表語從旬 predicative clause賓語從句 objective clause直接引語 direct speech間接引語 indirect speech定語從旬 attributive clause狀語從旬 adverbial clause 時態(tài) tense1.時態(tài) tense時間time方面

10、aspect般時態(tài) indefinite tense般現(xiàn)在時 present indefinite tense般過去時 past indefinite tense一般將來時 future indefinite tense一般過去 將來時 future-in-the-past indefinite tense進(jìn)行時態(tài) continuous tense現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 present continuous tense過去進(jìn)行時 past continuous tense將來進(jìn)行時 future continuous tense過去將來進(jìn)行時future-in-the-past continuousten

11、se完成時態(tài) perfect tense現(xiàn)在完成時 present perfect tense過去完成時 past perfect tense將來完成時 future perfect tense完成進(jìn)行時態(tài) perfect continuous tense過去將來完成時 past future perfect tense現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時 present perfect continuous tense過 去完成 進(jìn)行時 past perfect continuous tense時態(tài)一致 sequence of tenses.語態(tài) voice主動語態(tài) active voice被動語態(tài) passive voice.語氣mood直陳語氣 indicative mood祈使語氣 imperative mood虛擬語氣 subjunctive mood詞法 morphology旬法 syntax詞序 word order形