麥肯錫美國(guó)國(guó)防部戰(zhàn)略咨詢分析報(bào)告

1、PAGE 下載更多咨詢報(bào)告,盡在HYPERLINK N:整理后.arnecretar of DfeCorporat Fllows PrramFNA EPOMCKINSEY& CPANY,LLPLC KeithA.rmstg, AMy000.manaren.ALE CONENTSExcutiemmry .McKine Cmpay 4utbe ues .Th aradox 7he PriveSector aar .9Te Militry te niformed ar for Tle .14ersolPrspectves . 2inding/Recomenations 24onlusin .Fgre

2、 . 29Bilioraphy 49XECUIVEUMMARThisrert is an oerview of the ellwshi ondcted at MKinsey& Coma inHouston, Texas, o ugut 99 o une 00 asart ofthe Screay ofDne orpore ellowp Program(SDCFP） The prse and spof theSDCP is outlined n Depamet f DenDirctive 132.2. hs wasth fith ea of te program.Wil assind to Mc

3、iney & mpany, I wrked prmarily s an sociate performngconsultig wo mebe of a cien pport tamd ut of HoustoOfice. I did hav sio o obrvehewrkings ofth firmat a high leel andinerviewd al f th Txs ffipatners duing the our ofte ear, b themajr ofthewk wasat th cnsulting er eel.I che ococentrate my ocs for t

4、his yeas prjt ona subjct t of grea concern to te Defense Deprtmet a well aspvt industryhe War Taen theaacon,ecitt an retentio of top tal. n times ofional ecooic addefse ucs, orgniztis rfacd with igficat hmaneorces cs. Unemplet rtes r s lowas tyhv bee in decades. ntrest rae are dow.nflation under con

5、trol Mrktsave bensoaring. So whts the cri? This paper il ttemto asrtt uestonThe Wrfor Talentexitn many diffret forms with no cooe-cter sutns t helpolv he obl. Oe thing i fr ur my or compnsonisno hoverarching olutin tt roblem. ompanies ustetali voitintraie ough o dra top tlntrom ne taletos an/o exist

6、ig tlent pls. Te challengeo the DefenseDepame i to ientify the ey levrs to us i ordeestablih a vb proostn hil ath sme time sovg pulationsissue hat hve bcom imedimets o reruig an retton o key pernne. Includ ithe paer isan nalysso teWa r Tantfrm th piat scto and Defne Dartmenterspetives wth some opos

7、action to help reolv thpem. McKinsey was agaous hst and pvided a work enironenta wa onlbound b my own niiative.espite he bushedls oftepatnership andsppt tf,the ent out of thewa t mke efe athome and to acomodatemy eearch. I mut adit Iw mostmprssed y th xpertise f te conultinstaff; they ae trl some of

8、 he st taletd young eople Ihve ever hd the opprtuny t rkwith. I thank McKisey Cmpany fr endinme t im ainingat th MiniMBA adBasi onsultingeainess，ithuwhcI would have bee totallot. This as be arewrin ear neprblems and new problem slvngtechniqe, nwexprience dnwmemores, new riends and new adenurs. McKIN

9、SEY & CMPANYMKisey &Company describes itl i Mciney & Cmpny， Inside nd Out A Inrodcionto th Fr,sa managent-cnsultng frm Founded in thenied tts i 1926， it was ntthe first constan magemet, but is proach was vr iferentrom th anaemt “enneers” and “me n i” experts of theda. MKinseys trategs it arod two pl

10、ank: 1) Srvice-svigsenior anamntoprobems iportant tothe n their entrrises, and2) Poesionalis- puting he nteres f clients frt andmintainin tenowege nd skis ecssr to servthe lientsJe cinsey ad MarvinBower, h fudin father f te firm, ecribthe“bi idea” fr he firm, “o id dvic on managing tp executvesad do

11、 it thte poesioal standars f a lai awfirm.” cKis wa loked at where th fm as andwh itoookwasbefo movinforward n n project. Te irmtarted wth forward looking anaement stf d yerslater te founding fahers wlbe prou tno tht he ideolgy not changed.I thlte 1930s， a trd strae lakaaded: )People -t maket a “car

12、eer” firm for you eope rther thn an “end-of-ree” firmfor xes nd sem-retre xecutis. haditi of ths pak allowed e f mve tothe top of hconuting business. Peopead agie capit they in havebemecKnsey greatest asstsas evidencd thi atmtfrom Bsines Wek, Septemer20, 193； “Whtst cKnsey apart，eenservals oede, is

13、thatthe ir contiualy assembl he very bseople.” McKinsey &Comanyestablished fices aroundte wrld nd deat whissusi a viableconoic makes. Tentreof the proles MKiey helps lient addresagd ver theyerd reflecte both diffeees in the reionships bte re cmaies nd their erns and the spstiction of mangement McKin

14、se consultntsesin the iniial rganzati of th National Arnatic d SpaAdmiisration, advised th Vaican s ankng sytem, vloped te UniversaProduct Cde, pifthesyst suppring Fankuttock che d elpe he TruhandanstalrivatieEas Grman opanies.Giv e bradth andept o i wrk, tre isan intectualtraditon aKins atis ve dif

15、ferent fomwhatne fins in a university o in a onsulting firm thtconcentraes on a singor ndustry. It s a aditin that irst lebrte he compext the dffrences o managemetchallege，and the prsses or ractial anserse onboth analysis aeprienc. It i atrado hat ozes theimportance of en able to ach out o coleaues

16、a cliens heev they areine woldTHE WA F ALNTDepartmet of Deee anPrivatecto atl or SurvivalUOTABLE UE“Th fist priri a our peoe unform nd tei families. US.military serioitrequie ih-qulty peopl, whchnecsitaes that we rovide tm with he apropriatepa, hosngad mdicl benefits.” Wilam S Co， Seetaof Deese“Ifwe

17、 dtget the eopl thingright, we lose; itis the mostimprtantthingin al ourbsiesses.” ac ech，, eral Elecc“reetrapecil thins see: bing crazyenouh to follow an nothdox vsin, bein courageus enoghto llow poe t hae fun ad be“ral”eope wholve nd care at wo,and bigsat enough to eciz at theirmsaluabe ssets ae e

18、i pele ande cultre ty cultivt.” T Petes, esrig outwestres“I yo bive inbuiling your bsines and on lie talent, you hve ascew los.” SusaBurnett, HR Manger,HewlettPackard“O abliy t effeivly omete for tltisnot a issuei is a crsis.” e oucer,Seno H fficer, CiigrouGloa Technoogy“To lse te wr fotalent i t ac

19、ep scod-ra militry in which te mst cable m and won in the UitdState do nochoose to erve” Dvd.McCormick, McKiny & Co. THWA FO ALENTepartmn Defenea Pivate ectr Batle foruviaThePro. While sevin as Aror Banc Represenaiveanas an Asciaeroessrof Milary SciencattheUnited StatesMiltaryadem, West Point，Ne Yor

20、k rom98-1992, I te prvleg o teaing, recruiig,andpeaing sme of th bsoungpele in the wold entry to the Cmba Ar of Dciin te Amor Cop.Oneof the clssesI hthe vileg of develin on Batlefield Oprating Sysemsnclued esion leadersipand theconduc bt operations. took thopponi to pren e itapesf h Brigader Gneral

21、Barry Mcfry,DepyComndant of t IfntySchol, FortBennig， Gori. tpic of thpresentation wa atlefildynchronzation, which st anaways wl b neigma, u tatwas ny onefthenteesing oics from the resentto Durng commnt, G cCaffer spoeof veryntriguinradx tht eist wthnth cont of wa Thaprdox， simpl staed， istht ovrtie

22、 warhs beome much moe deadl reult of ne, tnlogially aance weapon systms andmethos fmpoig thoe syste，battlfieds havegrwn ize, dept and iesion,and at the same tme asul atesereasd comparivey spakng. Fom a time whe onficts ere fouh wihclubs ndrok whr yu litrally d t see the hits of yor eemys ey, the wor

23、ld ha seendrastic cange ars, lnces, oandarrow, swo and saber,long-bow， flint lock， perssina， cnnons andmortars, howitzer, tan，airplnes an helicopters， atoi enery eapos,ad sarweapons,t categrie a f. We anowsrgicallyattak a are usinspeciallykil poe,h specially igne weapons，athre-diesoal btle space （nc

24、luding saceitsef), for he opurposofmaiizin targtdestrucion himinimizigcasualt atn collaterl daag.Swht dos i have to do wit theWarfo Tant? The conductf a ucessflbattle, cmpin or wa tes peple - the best popleinthe worl, spcially kle pol. Te sam hods truasbsieesbattl frsupremcy ithin heirarket spae not

25、heparadx istoaythatlb deadl not only t th DefensDpartmet, but prvat secos aell -thbiliy to mano ranks wh top liy peope. th UntedStas eperieceson otegatesteonmic bomn its istory, many coanis， cororaions, rnizaions an even he Deens epatmnt may e on he bin ofa caaropicevent. Iftheamdfrcs andheprae ecor

26、 aesosuccssf, wht is it i the onomy that i cauigahorage of hily qualfietaent? hyisthre problem wth the earch fo theot talnted pye？ What culd ossibcause a catasphic event in such proserus times? I is ssental frtheDfese Depatment to identify apprrataentool to tra，ecruit n rtain the kind of en andmenne

27、esy to operate wthi tlexite of thmodern attlefield, nd the bttleied o h fre, whle a the se ime agngthe most tehnologiallyadaced wapad ommand controlsysems mnkind ha evr known. The arm foresof th UnteSat have emstratd theirability and roleo cose ith and droy theeemy, if an whn caled pt do so.The hvel

28、so emnstrtdtheresiliene a polieforce whe askd o limina frticd nd ehni censinor humnitarian relef for when tased t reven srvatinor majo health edemics. If we hav demonstraed our oreompetencies so well, whyds hDfe Deptment av problem ttratin adretnig talent? Wyaeour anks filed wit vacancis? Wya so man

29、yhigherformin mid-grae ofices d noncommisiond ofcers avig？ Are fundamentalyof bsein our reciting ndretntn goals a methods? Wh motivae young men andomen to jo the miitary,t ay or leave?Wht des te ecom have todo ith tse issus？ hs papr wlxmine th pressing issus, xamine how riate ndus dfiesthsse, d atem

30、ptto drw drect corelatiostohe fene Deartnt. a cnt sudy, orkf Srvices: Dveloping Moern Workforce fo Compeve tage, ebry 00,ICRION tated, “he udelng peis her bas: Huanaital s now the mt imrant sset. Itellctulcital ouweighbricksad-rtar andthr nibe sorce nthecorpratebalanceshet. Crrato realze that onl si

31、lle， knowledeabeeope n epthemo what hey ne to do amid relnlss global omiion, shing roclifecycles an an ever-icresing e forspee,efficiny nd nnoaio. Th mo hllenge tdais topn o, re,depy,deep, ad retin therigt peol or aizi Trackig and develoing eployee skilshas bcoman mperative, artclarly with therush o

32、f advncing tecnoogy Ifact, alorganizatins ofany size tody need some tecical talent, all ae competing for lit suy o hat resource.”he fllwing pararaphs from TheNewYorTmes gazine also clealy idenify the exstin roblem:You know i titlbor marktwhen alargr erentageof the Aerian pltion i employ hanat an rvi

33、ou ti, accordin to reot frmth ouncil fEcnomcvisernd thDpartmnt ofabo. hnational uemplymtateof4 percent,asof Jaury, is ower than it as eince 970 and i is farowe thn hansome reas. Mich oter of William. MercerIn., auman rsource onulngfrm，s heworin Siiconleyis, “Te onlyway to da unemplomet ratsf you oun

34、 peeincao their wa fo oe ob anoter.” The sitation oxtreme hat is rivsom nerstafed poers todsperate easures: i Plano, Texas,Ieratonal House ofPncks hashad to offer a$4,000 signngonus to ttract managrs; Ld & Taylor sent out part-timejob solictatns wiitsmonl carge card statemens thi pat Crstmas； And Ch

35、icag-base staffing agenc,th Hais Group, ha aged 10, $100,00 igning (ndretenion） bonse or We-svvy hre at on cmpn alonea arx spntllthos years dremgabut the workes paradise. Yetheneer got i in tonfeene room Bere nfoaion Netwrks opoaton n lsten t Jim bee atlof all telusious pk he ofes his employee. Theg

36、et tc tis， ofcouse, but lsoPa Pilos, cell phones and a$,00 bons to helpi the down payn on heir firt homs. If y wanto wor n the pjams,the companypys insall and mantain high-peI.SD. iesin thir bdoms. Two yarsago Brbe took veybdy in the mpa therfailies t iney Wrld. Bages ad ffis arefre onFridays, te sd

37、s in hfic mieare re l the time (osumption wnt u 00 peceafter tat hnge）,di employeesant t se the office copiersfor persnal ue, no oblem. Anauto-reair service cms o he emploee pakng ot evry therWednda t doil hanges ad tirerotation. Thre is dry clenng delivr fou das a wek andzat least onc mohMrxuld hv

38、lkd a althe cusy benefits an iguredthat thdictaorshipfthe poletariat had inale to pas But theres asimler explaatio； ful emlomet. Berbee is loce aison， Wisconn, whi micscopic 12 prcnt mloymen rte, secnd les inthecountryaanoteuniersitytow,Coumbia，Missouri. Jm ere is desperate to attrcad etan workrs. H

39、e has 220 emplyeesan anamazing 94eent rentn rae,ut his opay sgoin so fas lso has 10 o openig. “ere lsn goud every wee,”he cis.What we are acdwith tdis roble of nrms prortions - aWR FOR ALEN! Emplyent rates arewn. pultion growth isdown. Colge enrlmen is sant. le ol r liied nd the neds o todas winr-ta

40、-alconmyfr exceed the requirmnts orthe mt hhly talente okrs. As noedbyJim oln ithe Fatman ati,“Bulo li,” nMicoo emegedin t190s， newenoy ulture rsted on thre tnets: eedo a ldrectionin yor wor, pupoeancntribution trough yu work， and wealt cratiobyur wk. The War for Talent does nt resltin deth, desruct

41、ionr dmae fthameyeexpriened ythe DefenseDepartment duing meof conflict, u wil ree mny copanissseniay iefective. When a ompny cannot dentify, tct,recrit, nd retain the est talen in thedtry， hatvrhe idusr, he com wil e rone to ufer ir onsquencesi odays markets.e Pivte Ser a a. Durin the tnths of tfelo

42、wshi I seved witMcKiey, I ha te opporunity to s and o ma e n nteresingthings - thins an ral Amr office udnev damof seig or oing I hadthra opprtuity to ookio th usness old oughth eyeo one of te be anagement-cosutingfirm n the ord. Alhough yfeldof iw hs beenver nro，i monhs,i hben vry rewrdg ost erding

43、 beth opunity o work otheWrorlen.nthis secion of the pape， I wi reviwsome reeach fidngs a w hat theWarfor Tlents ntust ny problm, but problem o potential erely amg conseqence.In 199, McKiey soliitd eeny-een lag U.S.sed compane to partcpatei th War forTaent reach. Thos comanis camro ay of nustres hav

44、n acheed fferng lelsof succes. Soe ld, some ween,all wee lre, l wer ranke inth toptwo-ifhs of therespetive ndstris. The cief eecutive officer (EO） and ther direct reprts, some 39ttal execuivs, we questiondabout te sengths hr cmpais tan pool andwat impove i. rsal teries wee done wihmany of e top xecu

45、tves f eccompan pus all snior hm resouces exeutivs ot the wa teirmpanies mnge theirtop tlent. Twenyopnis wer ose t stdy in depth. Some were chsen because ofther reptatin fr superr tale (eneral Elctric,HewetPacka,Merk), whl others eecosn for theirmeteoi rowth an erormane (Ame, dronc, Baa， The ome Dpo

46、t)Stl othr wre chsen bcue heydese h mst mpovedwrdor haveprfcted n pprahscas taln ulding throuha aquiiios trategy. Allwereto-qunile pefrers and all have reputaion fr strong taet. A sang prbeexstswenanalyzng ar for Taent issues The bottom in i that talen tes, t dfiing te t octeia or ucessfud- tohigll

47、tlt varies for each comany and y v vary forcopanes whin gien nduty. Talentad/or he ianglasset tha it ceatesis provin to bemrecrical an tangile ases suh s finncial apital or physcal plants r een inangiles ie brandand maet positin. Companieae crting eir own alnt ool owasd morother aili to ceatea ighys

48、oght aftr culture Tday， cmpnisare slowlyraizing tha their val proositio is not lays itssze o pas retatn Theyreliig apeopeme the company. KviSher f Agen ated, “hesace resorcistlentImpranif o don have the ight talet,yure lost” Mst ompiesare l prepre to wa the necessa battles,bt they are coming to reol

49、utin with the fact thatthr is salatgar forTaen Thos comaieswllin to adoewand inoivetechiques wilgainan advantge ovrtosopis usng astwinni approaces. Theold wayio ongerthe bst ay. Rearch conducd by theUntedatons indicad hathee was adecring popultinof 5-4 earos vr th next 15 yas. he ae hd trefor 25-3ye

50、ar-olds. In ligh o tect that he econoy i jted to growat a minimum f 3%of rossDomesic oct per ear,th eutn talnt hortfallcould y sbtantial. Te law ofsuppyan dean tak vrry quly especially in an ubancedenvoment. We can readseethearinsom dutres uh shighchologyadinoration tehnology. suey rlesedby th nortn

51、Technoogy Asociato ofAica retedth empoyers creaedemand for 1.6 ilin new hig-teh poits this year. Wihdemand faoutstrppng uply, half of theeposition - about843,00jobs wl nfld. That meansoni evey dozenfthe 0 illio js n t . inormaion-tecology idusry wil be vaat.Foufacto ll cpliae teWar for Tent. Fir，era

52、itoa o oldsocil cract (Fiur 1）is eig ovecoe by ne ocia ontact (Figure 2). Tlent used o copny loyaland geogriclmbie, b hat trdhas shfedtothe mre ggphicallylyl (th dua creramlies) pany mobil. Th ralymeans talnt wl beomemore elsiveto tued rain （Fiur ) Als, eployee aepssvely senother lymn pponities Gven

53、 thrig et f circumstaces, an mle wil cha obs ioutay conrn for loyaty(Fgure 4） Ceaingroupsr lkin frsthng frent tha crprate mricataditionall ffers:nependent wathyexectis, professional thes， GenXes loig or a moe blacedlifste ad/or afast rck h sen ator hghlihts te attrctoo smal compnie Thes canies ave a

54、en avata of their cesscapita an thedecasngcnoms of scae o creteoanies caabl f cmptn ith bani fr criiclalen These copaniesf mny the things olythe lage comanieoce ffedth one ecepio.Wthmany of tesall opies cms a icased losk. Tent pols oay ar ot rik ase. Theyare illing ly t on te line fo a oporunit h as

55、t rck d sccess aae 5 instead of age 55 （Figur 5-).hhirdactor cmpictng the Wror Tale s dgrphics. The wkforc isainile he sametme reasin i e. Or he net 15 yers， 55 to 65 year-olds wil inceeb 40prcnt. omre thosefigues tte on metionedo nd youcannotelp but as， “Wo is going ofil all te vacancies？” It is o

56、st quntiative gp.ompanesaefishing fo diffeent taleprofiles and theree not eough talnd peopleite o. Glocmpitn akes s to t furh and fnal citgfct. Companiesare histy or thebs vaiabl talento taetheir iessesgol, to r a to eal wth emering choloie Toe hat failtocapitaze onhese eering mrks wilbelfteid in he

57、 eweconomy Thee a nwvalue popsitio n todays markts (Fgure 9) that is nt yeffcting thial talent but ll taentpol a bsiesesstre toatract th bestlet there is t fferitangfactorsn e jobmarketan on agiall pve the situato he umbe ofwomen nerngtheokforchs ltaue, immgration i fl nwillnot changwiho congreional

58、mandate,and retirementage inrea. No doub thre will ofets as tyially happesi tms ofsignificateconomic imalance, ut hey aret oous. ompanies ill he to crativeyand roctively solutons likeeverbefeIt willbe imoat orompae to totally r-nfigure haztions t nthe cmetitive advantg (gu 1).hcopany mus rivt ve los

59、er an loerto te“ocs nd u” qudrant. Wile cmpay tivsto ach tht vel， thymst alsofocus on hoseempoyes tharenot fugibl rpoviehgh ntriutns. ey aetoovaluabletolaealow me oth cmpany to pachteir talets.MKinse bleves here are ur perative o win th War for alntandbild a cptitie dtae:) talent inde,2) inning vale

60、 propositio，3） robstsoucingstrtegand 4) atics o buidthe talentpl. Th aent mindset imperative s the mostcrtcal wapon int War o Taln. By a tlet mndet, it is mat tat th ldrspsinaely eliev taltwin th copit gamea, they beleve it s their jobobuld the talentpool.Ledr intil hemindse I is thir msion to etabl