Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)11gActiveDataGuard構(gòu)建標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范-V0

1、 PAGE 41Oracle數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)11GGActive DataGGuard構(gòu)構(gòu)建標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范范部 門(mén)：信息技術(shù)部部SA/DBBA組版 本 號(hào): V1.0發(fā)布日期：20015-05-13目 錄TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc 一、Activve DattaGuarrd實(shí)施規(guī)范范 PAGEREF _Toc h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.1Actiive DaataGuaard實(shí)施前前提條件 PAGEREF _Toc h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.1.1主備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境境介紹 PAGEREF _Toc h 4 HYPERLINK l _

2、Toc 1.1.2Acctive DataGGuard實(shí)實(shí)施條件 PAGEREF _Toc h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.1.3Acctive DataGGuard實(shí)實(shí)施準(zhǔn)備工作作（創(chuàng)建LIISTENEER和相應(yīng)TNSS） PAGEREF _Toc h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.2備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)初始化 PAGEREF _Toc h 166 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.2.1通過(guò)過(guò)dupliicate activve dattabasee初始化備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)備備份無(wú)需存在在) PAGEREF _Toc h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.2

3、.2通過(guò)過(guò)帶庫(kù)備份恢恢復(fù)初始化備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)備備份必須存在在) PAGEREF _Toc h 22 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.3追加歸檔檔日志文件 PAGEREF _Toc h 333 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.4啟動(dòng)Acctive DataGGuard PAGEREF _Toc h 334 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.5將備節(jié)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)加加入到CRSS中進(jìn)行管理理 PAGEREF _Toc h 34 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.6備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)歸檔日志文文件刪除 PAGEREF _Toc h 355 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.7應(yīng)用

4、訪問(wèn)問(wèn)備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)TTNS配置 PAGEREF _Toc h 37 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.8主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)SwitcchOverr和Failoover切換換 PAGEREF _Toc h 37 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.8.1SwwitchOOver測(cè)試試 PAGEREF _Toc h 37 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.8.2FaailOveer測(cè)試 PAGEREF _Toc h 39 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.9日常維護(hù)護(hù) PAGEREF _Toc h 39 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.9.1DaataGuaard運(yùn)行狀狀態(tài)檢查

5、 PAGEREF _Toc h 399 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.9.2主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)起停順順序 PAGEREF _Toc h 39 HYPERLINK l _Toc 1.9.3主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)維護(hù)操操作 PAGEREF _Toc h 40一、Activve DattaGuarrd實(shí)施規(guī)范范Active DataGGuard實(shí)實(shí)施前提條件件數(shù)據(jù)冗余保護(hù)和和磁盤(pán)組劃分分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)冗余：存儲(chǔ)儲(chǔ)以共享的方方式連接數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)機(jī)，在數(shù)據(jù)冗冗余上建議存存儲(chǔ)層通過(guò)傳傳統(tǒng)raidd機(jī)制建立數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)機(jī)制制，ASM磁磁盤(pán)組可以不不要設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)冗余保護(hù)，即即用來(lái)存儲(chǔ)DDB的ASMM磁盤(pán)組冗余余方式為

6、Exxternaal.DataGuaard三種保保護(hù)模式：最最大化保護(hù)、最大有效性性、最大性能能。為了降低低對(duì)主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)的影響，以以下采用最大大性能模式進(jìn)進(jìn)行DataaGuardd配置。DataGuaard配置中中備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)類(lèi)類(lèi)型主要有三三種：邏輯備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)、物物理備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)和基于快照照的備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)，以下采用用物理備數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)方式進(jìn)行行DataGGuard配配置。DataGuaard配置中中的主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)之間數(shù)據(jù)同同步是通過(guò)TTCP/IPP網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信實(shí)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，為了了盡可能降低低網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬的的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和對(duì)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)有應(yīng)用程序序性能問(wèn)題，建建議在主數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)主機(jī)和備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主機(jī)機(jī)之間構(gòu)建專(zhuān)屬屬于DataaG

7、uardd的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，即即需要添加新新的網(wǎng)卡等硬硬件資源搭建建專(zhuān)屬于DaataGuaard的網(wǎng)絡(luò)絡(luò)。另外，可以在主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)上創(chuàng)創(chuàng)建專(zhuān)屬于DDataGuuard的數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器器，如LISSTENERR_ADG，監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)端口為11525，如如果主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)在不同網(wǎng)段段上且存在防防火墻，需要要在防火墻上上開(kāi)通15225端口。不不過(guò)為了便于于管理，本規(guī)規(guī)范使用默認(rèn)認(rèn)的LISTTENER監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)，端口為為1521。需要注意，主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)如果和和standdby數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)設(shè)置了相同同的DB_UUNIQUEE_NAMEE，則在做sswitchhover時(shí)時(shí)，備庫(kù)會(huì)報(bào)報(bào)“ORA-001102 ca

8、nnoot mouunt daatabasse in EXCLUUSIVE mode”?？赡苓€存存在其他問(wèn)題題。所以需要要設(shè)置PRIIMARY以以及STANNDBY的數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的DBB_UNIQQUE_NAAME為不同同的值。主備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境境介紹以下以O(shè)RSSS環(huán)境介紹主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境境和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)環(huán)境：主備環(huán)境主機(jī)名IP地址描述p3orsseetl1、 p3orrssetll2主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境p3orsseetl1-vvip11公網(wǎng)IP地址VVIP11DG專(zhuān)署IP地地址，由于專(zhuān)專(zhuān)署與DG的的網(wǎng)絡(luò)不存在在，因此DGG專(zhuān)署IP地地址采用公網(wǎng)網(wǎng)IP地址p3ors

9、seetl2-vvip44公網(wǎng)IP地址VVIP44DG專(zhuān)署IP地地址，由于專(zhuān)專(zhuān)署與DG的的網(wǎng)絡(luò)不存在在，因此DGG專(zhuān)署IP地地址采用公網(wǎng)網(wǎng)IP地址p3orssaadg1、p3orsssadg22備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境p3orssaadg1-vvip77公網(wǎng)IP地址VVIP77DG專(zhuān)署IP地地址，由于專(zhuān)專(zhuān)署與DG的的網(wǎng)絡(luò)不存在在，因此DGG專(zhuān)署IP地地址采用公網(wǎng)網(wǎng)IP地址p3orssaadg2-vvip000公網(wǎng)IP地址VVIP000DG專(zhuān)署IP地地址，由于專(zhuān)專(zhuān)署與DG的的網(wǎng)

10、絡(luò)不存在在，因此DGG專(zhuān)署IP地地址采用公網(wǎng)網(wǎng)IP地址以下主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主主機(jī)名為：pp3orsssetl1和和p3orsssetl22，備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主機(jī)名名為：p3oorssaddg1和p3orsssadg22主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)oraaORSS基基本信息如下下：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)sys用用戶(hù)密碼主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)密碼必必須一致，假假設(shè)為oraacle1223Grid和數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)版本11G的基線版版本ORACLE_SID環(huán)境境變量oraORSSS1和oraOORSS2GRID 軟件件ORACLLE_BASSE目錄/oraclee/app/oraclleGRID 軟件件ORACLLE_HOMME目錄grid用戶(hù)的的$ORACC

11、LE_HOOME變量DB軟件ORAACLE_BBASE目錄錄/oraclee/app/oraclleDB軟件ORAACLE_HHOME目錄錄oracle用用戶(hù)的$ORRACLE_HOME變變量DG專(zhuān)署監(jiān)聽(tīng)器器（為便于管理維維護(hù)，本規(guī)范范未使用LISSTENERR_ADG專(zhuān)專(zhuān)用監(jiān)聽(tīng)）LISTENEERDG專(zhuān)署監(jiān)聽(tīng)器器端口（為便于管理維維護(hù)，本規(guī)范范未使用15225專(zhuān)用監(jiān)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)）1521初始化參數(shù)DB_NAMEE=oraOORSSDB_UNIQQUE_NAAME= ooraORSSSCOMPATIIBLE主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)必須一一致物理容量歸檔模式歸檔模式歸檔目錄/arch 共共享GPFSS文件

12、系統(tǒng)每天產(chǎn)生的歸檔檔日志(月初初歸檔日志量量非常大，需需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注注DG同步性性能)注意：在業(yè)務(wù)高高峰時(shí)，如果果主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生大量歸檔檔日志文件會(huì)會(huì)導(dǎo)致備數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)與主數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)同步產(chǎn)生生數(shù)據(jù)延遲現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象。備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)adggORSSB基本信息如如下：數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)sys用用戶(hù)密碼主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)密碼必必須一致，假假設(shè)為oraclee123Grid和數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)版本11G的基線版版本，與主庫(kù)庫(kù)保持一致ORACLE_SID環(huán)境境變量adgORSSSB1和adgORSSSB2注意:備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù) ORACCLE_SIID 環(huán)境變變量與備數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)的DB_UNIQUUE_NAMME保持一致GRID 軟件件ORACLLE_B

13、ASSE目錄/oraclee/app/oraclleGRID 軟件件ORACLLE_HOMME目錄grid用戶(hù)的的$ORACCLE_HOOME變量DB軟件ORAACLE_BBASE目錄錄/oraclee/app/oraclleDB軟件ORAACLE_HHOME目錄錄oracle用用戶(hù)的$ORRACLE_HOME變變量DG專(zhuān)署監(jiān)聽(tīng)器器（為便于管理維維護(hù)，本規(guī)范范未使用LISSTENERR_ADG專(zhuān)專(zhuān)用監(jiān)聽(tīng)）LISTENEERDG專(zhuān)署監(jiān)聽(tīng)器器端口（為便于管理維維護(hù)，本規(guī)范范未使用15225專(zhuān)用監(jiān)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)）1521初始化參數(shù)DB_NAMEE=oraOORSSDB_UNIQQUE_NAAME= aadgO

14、RSSSBCOMPATIIBLE主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)必須一一致注意: 備數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)DB_NNAME值與與主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)設(shè)置必須一致致備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)DB_UNIQUUE_NAMME與主數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)設(shè)置不一一致另外需要注意，備備庫(kù)監(jiān)聽(tīng)服務(wù)務(wù)以及數(shù)據(jù)文文件路徑與DB_UNNIQUE_NAME值值相關(guān)物理容量歸檔模式歸檔模式歸檔目錄/arch 共共享GPFSS文件系統(tǒng)每天產(chǎn)生的歸檔檔日志(月初初歸檔日志量量非常大，需需要重點(diǎn)關(guān)注注DG同步性性能)Active DataGGuard實(shí)實(shí)施條件實(shí)施Activve DattaGuarrd的前提條條件如下:主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主機(jī)和和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主主機(jī)硬件平臺(tái)一致致，如都為IIBM主機(jī)主數(shù)

15、據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)Oraacle軟件件安裝成功，且且數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)版本本一致且都為為備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)存儲(chǔ)空空間剩余大小小不小于主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)存儲(chǔ)空空間大小用戶(hù)grid登登錄主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssetll1$ asmcmmdASMCMD lsdgg輸出部分見(jiàn)Tootal_MMB列用戶(hù)grid登登錄備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg1$ asmcmmdASMCMD lsdgg輸出部分見(jiàn)Ussable_file_MB列對(duì)比主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)AASM磁盤(pán)組組(假設(shè)磁盤(pán)盤(pán)組類(lèi)型為EExternnal)的Totall_MB列值值和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)ASM磁盤(pán)盤(pán)組的Usaable_ffile_MMB列值，確確保備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)A

16、SM磁盤(pán)盤(pán)組的Usaable_ffile_MMB列值不小小于主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)ASM磁盤(pán)盤(pán)組的Tottal_MBB列值。主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)運(yùn)行正常且且工作在arrchiveelog模式式下Oracle用用戶(hù)登錄主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)pp3orsssetl1主主機(jī)查詢(xún)數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)是否置于于archiivelogg模式$ sqlpllus / as syysdbaSQL seelect log_mmode ffrom vv$dataabase;返回結(jié)果為ARRCHIVEELOG或者者NOARCCHIVELLOG如果返回值為NNOARCHHIVELOOG，則需要要執(zhí)行以下步步驟步驟1：創(chuàng)建歸歸檔日志文建建對(duì)應(yīng)的文件件系統(tǒng)

17、如果該文件系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)為本地文件件系統(tǒng)，則舊舊主機(jī)每個(gè)節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建建并mounnt至/arrch下，如如果為GPFFS文件系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)，則舊主機(jī)機(jī)每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)需需要mounnt至/arrch下,并并且oraccle操作系系統(tǒng)用戶(hù)對(duì)其其具有讀寫(xiě)權(quán)權(quán)限步驟2：修改初初始化參數(shù)llog_arrchivee_destt_1SQL allter ssystemm set log_aarchivve_desst_1=locattion=/arch scoppe=botth sidd=*;SQLshoow parrameteer logg_archhive_ddest_11步驟3：確認(rèn)初初始化參數(shù)llog_arrchiv

18、ee_formmat參數(shù)值值為%t_%s_%r.dbfSQLshoow parrameteer logg_archhive_fformatt 返回結(jié)果為%t_%s_%r.dbbf步驟4：登陸每每個(gè)主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)環(huán)環(huán)境上關(guān)閉數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)$sqlpluus / aas syssdbaSQLshuutdownn immeediatee;步驟5：登陸主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)主機(jī)p3oorssettl1啟動(dòng)數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)至moountedd狀態(tài)后設(shè)置置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)為aarchivvelog模模式$sqlpluus / aas syssdba SQLstaartup mountt;SQLaltter daatabasse A

19、RCCHIVELLOG;SQLaltter daatabasse opeen;步驟6：登陸主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)其他他節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)pp3orsssetl2啟啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)$sqlpluus / aas syssdba SQLstaartup 步驟7：驗(yàn)證歸歸檔日志文件件是否能正常常生成$sqlpluus / aas syssdba SQLaltter syystem archiive loog currrent;SQLaltter syystem archiive loog currrent;$ls l /archh每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)下下/archh目錄下會(huì)有有新文建生成成主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)歸檔日志文文件目錄不能能通過(guò)l

20、ogg_archhive_ddest初始始化參數(shù)設(shè)置置，必須通過(guò)過(guò)log_aarchivve_desst_n初始始化參數(shù)設(shè)置置Oracle用用戶(hù)登錄主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)所有節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)查詢(xún)?cè)償?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是否否置于arcchivellog模式$ sqlpllus / as syysdbaSQL shhow paarametter loog_arcchive_dest_1主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)需要啟動(dòng)fforce loggiing功能Oracle用用戶(hù)登錄主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)pp3orsssetl1主主機(jī)設(shè)置foorce llogginng$ sqlpllus / as syysdba SQL seelect FORCEE_L

21、OGGGING ffrom vv$dataabase;FORNO 如果返回值為：NO，則需需要執(zhí)行以下下操作；如果果返回值為YYES不需要要執(zhí)行以下操操作SQL allter ddatabaase foorce llogginng;Databasse alttered.SQL seelect FORCEE_LOGGGING ffrom vv$dataabase;FORYES確確認(rèn)返回結(jié)果果為YES主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)syss用戶(hù)的密碼碼一樣，并且且密碼文件必必須存在且主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始始化參數(shù)reemote_loginn_passswordffile必須須設(shè)置為EXXCLUSIIVEOracle用

22、用戶(hù)登錄主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)所有節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)$ sqlpllus / as syysdbaSQL shhow paarametter reemote_loginn_passswordffileActive DataGGuard實(shí)實(shí)施準(zhǔn)備工作作（創(chuàng)建LIISTENEER和相應(yīng)TTNS）用戶(hù)grid登登錄主節(jié)點(diǎn)p3oorssettl1創(chuàng)建LISTTENER監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器(紅色色部分為liisteneer名字以及及端口，根據(jù)據(jù)需要進(jìn)行修修改，一般主主庫(kù)默認(rèn)已有有監(jiān)聽(tīng)，此步步一般不需要要執(zhí)行)srvctl add llistenner -ll listtener -p1521srvctl startt listtene

23、r -l lisstenerr檢查L(zhǎng)ISTEENER狀態(tài)態(tài)，狀態(tài)為OONLINEEp3orsssetl1:grid:/homme/griidcrssctl sstat rres -ttNAME TAARGET STATTE SSERVERR SSTATE_DETAIILS Local RResourrcesora.LISSTENERR.lsnrr ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 ora.P3OORSSDAAT1DG.dg ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ONNLINE ONLIINE

24、pp3orsssetl2 ora.SYSSTEMDGG.dg ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 ora.asmm ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 SStarteed ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 SStarteed ora.gsdd OFFFLINEE OFFLLINE pp3orsssetl1 OFFFLINEE OFFLLINE pp3orsssetl2 twork ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ONNLINE ONLIINE

25、pp3orsssetl2 ora.onss ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 ora.reggistryy.acfss ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 Clusterr Resoourcessora.LISSTENERR_SCANN1.lsnnr 11 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 ora.cvuu 11 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 ora.oc44j 11 OFFFLIN

26、EE OFFLLINE ora.oraaorss.db 11 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 OOpen 22 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 OOpen ora.p3oorssettl1.viip 11 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl1 ora.p3oorssettl2.viip 11 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 ora.scaan1.viip 11 ONNLINE ONLIINE pp3orsssetl2 p3orsssetl1:grid:/homme/griid用戶(hù)grid登登錄備節(jié)

27、點(diǎn)p3oorssaddg1創(chuàng)建LISTTENER_TMP監(jiān)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)器注意：此步的LLISTENNER_TMMP只臨時(shí)給給DUPLIICAT方式式復(fù)制數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)使用，備庫(kù)庫(kù)初始化完成成后需要將此此步修改進(jìn)行行回退$cd $ORRACLE_HOME/netwoork/addmin$ vi liisteneer.oraa # 添加加以下內(nèi)容LISTENEER_TMP = (DESCCRIPTIION_LIIST = (DEESCRIPPTION = (ADDREESS = (PROTTOCOL = TCPP)(HOSST = 221.1255.44.997)(POORT = 1521) ) )SID_LI

28、SST_LISSTENERR_TMP =(SID_LIIST = (SIID_DESSC = (GGLOBALL_DBNAAME = adgORSSSB) (OORACLEE_HOMEE = /ooraclee/app/oraclle/prooduct//ddbhomee_1) (SSID_NAAME = adgORSSSB1) ) )其中紅色部分：LISTEENER_TTMP為監(jiān)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)器名稱(chēng)，21.1225.44.97為節(jié)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)p3orsssadg11節(jié)點(diǎn)VIP地址， adgORRSSB為db_uuniquee_namee初始化參數(shù)數(shù)值，adgORSSSB1為實(shí)例名，與與主庫(kù)保持

29、一一致。配置完畢后進(jìn)行行啟動(dòng)：su - grridlsnrctll starrt LISSTENERR_TMPDUPLICAAT方式初始始化備庫(kù)完成成后將此步操作回回退：su - grridlsnrctll stopp LISTTENER_TMP$cd $ORRACLE_HOME/netwoork/addmin$ vi liisteneer.oraa # 刪除除如上添加的的內(nèi)容用戶(hù)grid登登錄備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3oorssaddg1創(chuàng)建LISTTENER監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器su - grridsrvctl add llistenner -ll listtener -p1521-ss其中紅色部分：LISTEENER

30、為監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器名稱(chēng)，11521為監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)端口用戶(hù)grid登登錄備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg1啟動(dòng)LISTTENER監(jiān)監(jiān)聽(tīng)器注意：如果使用用DUPLIICAT方式式初始化備庫(kù)庫(kù)，則在上面面第3步LIISTENEER_TMPP完成前不啟啟動(dòng)監(jiān)聽(tīng)，否否則會(huì)有端口口沖突無(wú)法啟啟動(dòng)srvctl startt listtener -l llistenner用戶(hù)oraclle登錄主節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssetll1和p3orsssetl22添加訪問(wèn)主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的TTNS別名su - orraclecd $ORAACLE_HHOME/nnetworrk/admmin/vi tnsnnames.ora #添加如

31、下下內(nèi)容，紅色色部分請(qǐng)根據(jù)據(jù)環(huán)境進(jìn)行修修改ORAORSSS = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl2-viip)(POORT = 1521) (LOOAD_BAALANCEE = yees) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = oraORRSS) ) )ORAORSSS

32、1 = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = oraORRSS) (INSTAANCE_NNAME = oraOORSS1) ) )ORAORSSS2 = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl2-viip)(POORT = 1521) (C

33、OONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = oraORRSS) (INSTAANCE_NNAME = oraOORSS2) ) )LISTENEERS_ORRAORSSS = (ADDRRESS_LLIST = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl2-viip)(POORT = 1521)ORSSSTAANDBY =

34、 (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = 21.125.444.97)(PORTT = 15521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = 21.125.444.1000)(PORRT = 11521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = adgORSSSB) ) )ORSSPRIIMARY= (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST

35、 = p3oorssettl1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssettl2-viip)(POORT = 1521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = oraORRSS) ) )ADGORSSSBTMP = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = 21.125.444.97)(PORTT = 15521) (COONNECTT_DATAA

36、= (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = adgORSSSB) ) )用戶(hù)oraclle登錄備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg1和p3orsssadg22添加訪問(wèn)主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的TTNS別名su - orraclecd $ORAACLE_HHOME/nnetworrk/admmin/vi tnsnnames.ora #添加如下下內(nèi)容，紅色色部分請(qǐng)根據(jù)據(jù)環(huán)境進(jìn)行修修改ORSSPRIIMARY = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = 21.125.444.81)(PORTT

37、= 15521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = 21.125.444.84)(PORTT = 15521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVIICE_NAAME = oraORRSS) ) )ORSSSTAANDBY = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg2-viip)(POORT = 15

38、21) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = adgORSSSB) ) )ADGORSSSB2 = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg2-viip)(POORT = 1521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = adgORSSSB) (INSTAANCE_NNAME = adgORSSSB2) ) )ADGORSSSB1 =

39、(DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = adgORSSSB) (INSTAANCE_NNAME = adgORSSSB1) ) )ADGORSSSB = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (ADD

40、DRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg2-viip)(POORT = 1521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME =aadgORSSSB) ) )LISTENEERS_ADDGORSSSB = (ADDRRESS_LLIST = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oorssaddg1-viip)(POORT = 1521) (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = p3oo

41、rssaddg2-viip)(POORT = 1521) )ADGORSSSBTMP = (DESCCRIPTIION = (ADDDRESSS = (PPROTOCCOL = TCP)(HOST = 21.125.444.97)(PORTT = 15521) (COONNECTT_DATAA = (SERVEER = DDEDICAATED) (SERVIICE_NAAME = adgORSSSB) ) )在主節(jié)點(diǎn)p3oorssettl1上生成成數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)密碼碼文件oraapworaaORSS11，命令如下下(其中紅色色部分的orracle1123為密碼碼，orappworaOORSS1為為密碼

42、文件)：su - orraclecd $ORAACLE_HHOME/ddbsorapwd file=orapwworaORRSS1 ppasswoord=orracle1123sqlpluss /as ssysdbaaalter uuser ssys iddentiffied bby oraacle1223;將節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssetll1數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)密密碼文件orrapworraORSSS1拷貝到pp3orsssetl2、p3orsssadg11和p3orsssadg22節(jié)點(diǎn)后執(zhí)行行以下命令p3orsseetl1節(jié)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)主機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)密碼文件為為/oraccle/appp/oraacle/pproduc

43、ct/3/dbhoome_1/dbs/oorapwooraORSSS1$cd $ORRACLE_HOME/dbs$mv oraapworaaORSS11 orappworaOORSS2 #在主節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssetll2操作$chown oraclle:oinnstalll orappworaOORSS2 #在主節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssetll2操作$mv oraapworaaORSS11 orappwadgORSSSB1 #在備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg1操作$chown oraclle:oinnstalll orappwadgORSSSB1 #在備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg1操作

44、$mv oraapworaaORSS11 orappwadgORSSSB2 #在備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg2操作$chown oraclle:oinnstalll orappwadgORSSSB2 #在備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg2操作其中紅色部分：oraORRSS2、adgORSSSB1、adgORSSSB2為實(shí)例名，需需要和每個(gè)主主機(jī)實(shí)例名相相符另外如果需要修修改sys用用戶(hù)的密碼，則則在節(jié)點(diǎn)p33orsseetl1執(zhí)行行以下命令后后再將數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)密碼文件拷拷貝到其他p3oorssettl2、p3orsssadg11和p3orsssadg22節(jié)點(diǎn)上用戶(hù)oraclle登陸主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)主機(jī)p

45、3orrssetll1SQLaltter usser syys ideentifiied byy oraccle1233;在備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主機(jī)機(jī)上創(chuàng)建addump目錄錄用戶(hù)oraclle登陸p33orssaadg1和p3orsssadg22節(jié)點(diǎn)mkdir p /oraacle/aapp/orracle/adminn/adgORSSSB/adummp用戶(hù)oraclle登陸主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssetll1和p3orsssetl22執(zhí)行tnssping TNS別名名ORSSPRRIMARYY和ORSSSSTANDBBYsu - orracletnspingg ORSSSPRIMAARYtnsp

46、ingg ORSSSSTANDDBY用戶(hù)oraclle登陸主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssetll1和p3orsssetl22用sys用用戶(hù)登陸備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)$sqlpluus syss/oraccle1233ORSSSPRIMAARY ass sysddba$sqlpluus syss/oraccle1233ORSSSSTANDDBY ass sysddba用戶(hù)oraclle登陸備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssadgg1和p3orsssadg22執(zhí)行tnsspingTTNS別名OORSSPRRIMARYY和ORSSSTTANDBYY$tnspinng ORSSSPRIMMARY$

47、tnspinng ORSSSTTANDBYY用戶(hù)oraclle登陸備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssadgg1和p3orsssadg22用sys用用戶(hù)登陸主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)$sqlpluus syys/oraacle1223ORSSSPRIMMARY aas syssdba$sqlpluus syys/oraacle1223ORSSSSTANNDBY aas syssdba備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化化備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化化意味著需要要將主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)的控制文件件、數(shù)據(jù)文件件等全部復(fù)制制到備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)環(huán)境上，即即主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)進(jìn)行一次全庫(kù)庫(kù)復(fù)制?？梢砸圆捎靡韵路椒绞街械娜魏魏我环N對(duì)備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行初初始化:通過(guò)

48、dupliicate activve dattabasee初始化備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(主數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)備份無(wú)無(wú)需存在)注意：此種方式式為RMANN從網(wǎng)絡(luò)恢復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，會(huì)會(huì)占用大量的的網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬，建建議已經(jīng)投產(chǎn)產(chǎn)的系統(tǒng)使用用下面的從NNBU帶庫(kù)恢恢復(fù)的方式進(jìn)進(jìn)行。用戶(hù)oraclle登錄備節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssadgg1創(chuàng)建dgg_workk工作目錄Oracle用用戶(hù)登錄備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssadgg1$ mkdirr dg_wwork用戶(hù)grid登登錄備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3oorssaddg1啟動(dòng)LLISTENNER_TMMP監(jiān)聽(tīng)grid用戶(hù)登登錄備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)pp3orsssadg1su - grridlsn

49、rctll starrt LISSTENERR_TMP用戶(hù)oraclle登錄備節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orsssadg1創(chuàng)創(chuàng)建stanndby_iinit.oora文件和和creatte_staandby.sh腳本文文件Oracle用用戶(hù)登錄備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssadgg1$ cd /hhome/ooraclee/dg_wwork$ vi sttandbyy_initt.ora #該該文件內(nèi)容如如下：DB_NAMEE=oraORSSS#數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名名稱(chēng)DB_UNIQQUE_NAAME=adgORSSSB#備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)DB_UNNIQUE_NAMEDB_BLOCCK_SIZZE=81992SGA_TAR

50、RGET=db_creaate_fiile_deest= #備數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)取消OMMF功能controll_filees=+P3ORSSADGDAAT1DG/adgORSSSB/conttrolfiile/coontroll01.cttl,+P3OORSADGGDAT1DDG/adggORSSB/conttrolfiile/coontroll02.cttl,+P3ORSSADGDAAT1DG/adgORSSSB/conttrolfiile/coontroll03.ctl #備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)控制文件路路徑其中主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和和備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)在在DB_NAAME和DB_BLLOCK_SSIZE必須須一致$ vi crr

51、eate_standdby.shh#該文件內(nèi)內(nèi)容如下：sqlpluss / aas syssdba EOOFstartupp nomoount ppfile=/homme/oraacle/ddg_worrk/staandby_init.oraconnectt sys/oraclle123ORSSSTTANDBYYAS SYYSDBA #oraclle123為為sys用戶(hù)戶(hù)密碼，ORRSSSTAANDBY備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)TNNS別名connectt sys/oraclle123ORSSPRRIMARYY AS SSYSDBAA #oraacle1223為syss用戶(hù)密碼，ORSSPRIMARY為主數(shù)據(jù)

52、庫(kù)TNS別名EOFexport NLS_DDATE_FFORMATT=YYYYYMMDDD HH244:MI:SSSrman taarget sys/ooraclee123OORSSPRRIMARYY auxiiliaryy sys/oraclle123ADGORSSSBTMPP crreate pfilee=/tmp/init.ora fromm spfiile;SQLshuutdownn immeediatee;SQLstaartup pfilee=/tmp/init.ora nomoount;SQL crreate spfille=+P3ORSSADGDAAT1DG/adgorsssb/

53、spfiile.orra fromm pfille=/tmp/init.ora;SQLshuutdownn immeediatee;$cd $ORRACLE_HOME/dbs$rm spffileaddgORSSSB1.oraa$ vi innitadggORSSB1.oraa文件內(nèi)容如下：spfile=+P3ORSSADGDAAT1DG/adgorsssb/spfiile.orra用戶(hù)oraclle節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orsssadg2創(chuàng)創(chuàng)建備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)初始化參數(shù)數(shù)文件iniitadgOORSSB2.oraa用戶(hù)oraclle登陸備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssadgg2$ cd $OORACLEE_H

54、OMEE/dbs$ vi innitadggORSSB2.ora文件內(nèi)容如下：spfile=+P3ORSSADGDAAT1DG/adgorsssb/spfiile.orra啟動(dòng)備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)實(shí)例adgORSSSB1用戶(hù)oraclle登陸備數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主主機(jī)p3orrssadgg1$sqlpluus / aas syssdbaSQL sttartupp mounnt;用戶(hù)grid登登錄備節(jié)點(diǎn)p3oorssaddg1停止LLISTENNER_TMMP監(jiān)聽(tīng)grid用戶(hù)登登錄備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)庫(kù)節(jié)點(diǎn)主機(jī)pp3orsssadg1su - grridlsnrctll stopp LISTTENER_TMP通過(guò)帶庫(kù)備份恢

55、恢復(fù)初始化備備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)(主主數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)備份份必須存在)在主節(jié)點(diǎn)p3oorssettl1獲取參數(shù)文件件Oracle用用戶(hù)登錄主節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)p3orrssetll1數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)主主機(jī)$sqlpluus / aas syssdbaSQL crreate pfilee=/tmp/orssppfile.tmp fromm spfiile;例如主節(jié)點(diǎn)p33orsseetl1數(shù)據(jù)據(jù)庫(kù)的參數(shù)配配置如下：$ cat /tmp/oorsspffile.ttmp*._gc_ddefer_time=3*._gc_ppolicyy_timee=0*._optiimizerr_adapptive_cursoor_shaaring=FALS

56、EE*._optiimizerr_exteended_cursoor_shaaring_rel=NONE*._parttitionn_largge_exttents=FALSSE*._undoo_autootune=FALSEE*._use_adapttive_llog_fiile_syync=FFALSE*._tracce_filles_puublic=true*._optiimizerr_use_feedbback=ffalse*.auditt_filee_destt=/orracle/app/ooraclee/admiin/oraaORSS/adumpp*.auditt_sys_oper

57、aationss=TRUEE*.auditt_traiil=dbb*.clustter_daatabasse=truue*.compaatiblee=0.0*.contrrol_fiile_reecord_keep_time=31*.contrrol_fiiles=+P3ORRSSDATT1DG/ooraorsss/conntrolffile/ccurrennt.2566.,+P3ORSSSDAT11DG/orraorsss/conttrolfiile/coontroll01.cttl,+P3ORSSSDAT11DG/orraorsss/conttrolfiile/coontr

58、oll02.cttl#Reestoree Conttrolfiile*.db_bllock_ssize=88192*.db_crreate_file_dest=+P3OORSSDAAT1DG*.db_doomain=*.db_fiiles=22048*.db_naame=ooraORSSS*.deferrred_ssegmennt_creeationn=FALSSE*.diagnnosticc_destt=/orracle/app/ooracleeoraORSSS1.insstancee_numbber=1oraORSSS2.insstancee_numbber=2*.log_aarchivv

59、e_desst_1=locattion=/arch*.log_aarchivve_maxx_proccessess=4*.max_ddump_ffile_ssize=2048MM*.open_cursoors=3000*.optimmizer_use_ssql_pllan_baaselinnes=FAALSE*.paralllel_fforce_locall=TRUEE*.paralllel_mmax_seerverss=32*.pga_aaggreggate_ttargett=*.proceesses=2048*.remotte_lisstenerr=LISSTENERRS_ORAAORSS

60、*.remotte_loggin_paassworrdfilee=excclusivve*.resullt_cacche_maax_sizze=0*.sec_ccase_ssensittive_llogon=FALSEE*.sec_mmax_faailed_loginn_atteempts=6*.sessiions=11105*.sga_mmax_siize=*.sga_ttargett=oraORSSS1.thrread=11oraORSSS2.thrread=22*.undo_retenntion=108000oraORSSS1.unddo_tabblespaace=UUNDOTBBS1o