2023版高三一輪總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)（人教版）：課時(shí)分層作業(yè)15

1、PAGE PAGE 13課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十五).閱讀理解A(2021石家莊市教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Here are some fun and engaging ways to learn about the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations and what you can do to take action to make them a reality.Freerice from WFPFreerice is a free online educational game where people of all ages

2、 can do their partsimply by playing. Every right answer on Freerice brings a real financial donation to the UN World Food Programme (WFP) from sponsors worth about 10 grains of rice. Use your time and knowledge to help provide food for people in need.FriedaStorytelling is a powerful communication to

3、ol and helps children remember lessons and virtues that they will use in everyday life. The idea behind the production of the story of Frieda is to simplify the lessons of the SDGs so young children can better understand the SDGs.SDG PandasInspired by reallife animal ambassadors (大使) Qiqi and Diandi

4、an, SDG Pandas are stickers that you can use in your WhatsApp conversations to help spread the SDGs and inspire action for a better world.SDG ElyxElyx, the United Nations digital ambassador, uses various expressions and actions to help demonstrate the meaning of each Sustainable Development Goal. Cr

5、eated by French artist YAK，Elyx has no race, sex or nationality and is a universal character promoting the importance of the United Nations work.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了了解并實(shí)現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)的四種途徑。1Which program uses a game to promote the SDGs?AFreerice from WFP.BFrieda.CSDG Pandas.DSDG Elyx.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Freerice

6、from WFP部分的第一句“Freerice is a free online educational game where people of all ages can do their partsimply by playing.”可知，A項(xiàng)正確。2What are inspired by real animals?AThe WFPs programs.BFriedas stories.CThe virtual stickers.DThe digital ambassadors.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SDG Pandas部分的內(nèi)容可知，受到現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的動(dòng)物大使“啟啟”和“點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”的啟發(fā)，SDG

7、 Pandas是一款可以在WhatsApp對(duì)話中使用的貼紙，故C項(xiàng)“虛擬貼紙”正確。3Whats Frieda meant to do?APromote students storytelling ability.BEncourage financial donation for the SDGs.CGuide children in practicing virtues in daily life.DMake the SDGs easier for children to understand.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Frieda部分的第二句“The idea behind the product

8、ion of the story of Frieda is to simplify the lessons of the SDGs so young children can better understand the SDGs.”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。B(2021東北三省三校聯(lián)合模擬)It is not rare in China that many seniors take advantage of their retirement years to please their grandchildren.Some are good at sugar figure blowing artthe m

9、aker uses sugar as its basic material to boil and blow into various figures.Some can weave，using even the most unexpected materials such as leaves，and some excel in carpentry，using wood to carve lifelike dolls and toys.In 2020，in a small village in Fujian Province，oneandahalfyearold Dandan became th

10、e most enviable child.His grandfather made a wooden “mantis cart (螳螂車)” for him.The wooden components on both sides of the cart would rise and fall with the wheels，resembling a mantis.This oneofakind toy was filmed by the childs parents and posted online，immediately arousing curiosity.The grandfathe

11、r，Li Shishui，who had been a carpenter for more than 50 years，retired in 2018.In his spare time，he picks up his old craftsmanship and uses the scrap (廢料) wood from his old house to make the “mantis cart” with long legs.He also makes pure wooden toys such as robots，birds and even an “Iron Man”When Dan

12、dan goes out in the “mantis cart”，it never fails to turn heads and make the children of the neighbors next door shout and cry to their parents for one too.Full of childlike fun，fatherly love and delicate design，the wooden toy，not merely catches the heart of children in his neighborhood，some netizens

13、 also express their envy after watching online videos. “I want a grandpa like him too.” “Does the grandpa want a granddaughter？”Some also recollect that although their grandfather is not a carpenter，these videos have brought back their fond memorieswhen they were young，their grandfather also made so

14、me gadgets (小器具) for them.Therefore，many believe，parents should stress the importance of the education of their childrens interpersonal communication skills at an early age.Children who grow up in the love of their elders can expect to be more brave，positive，optimistic and confident than other child

15、ren.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了福建的木匠爺爺李石水給他孫子做螳螂車的故事，論述了長(zhǎng)輩的關(guān)愛(ài)對(duì)孩子健康成長(zhǎng)的重要性。4What does the author mean by the underlined part “This oneofakind toy”？AThe toy is hardwon.BThe toy is specially made.CThe toy is of high quality.DThe toy is the only one made by Grandpa Li.B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線部分所在句的上句可知，這個(gè)螳螂車兩邊的木制部分會(huì)隨著車輪上升

16、下落，像一只螳螂。由此可推知，畫(huà)線部分意為“這個(gè)玩具是特殊制作的”。故選B項(xiàng)。5Which of the following is right about the “mantis cart”？AAll the components of it are made of expensive wood.BIts online videos were not immediately accepted.CIts insectlike features attract both children and adults.DIt was handmade by Grandpa Li，a craftsman o

17、f sugar figures.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句中的“the wooden toy, not merely catches the heart of children in his neighborhood, some netizens also express their envy”可知，這個(gè)螳螂車既吸引了孩子，也吸引了成年人。故選C項(xiàng)。6What can we learn from the passage?AMuch importance should be attached to childrens behavior.BChildren under the love of

18、their elders may have better personalities.CSome netizens envy Dandan as their grandparents are not carpenters.DSome children of the neighbors cry as Dandan doesnt share the toy with them.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句可知，在長(zhǎng)輩的關(guān)愛(ài)下長(zhǎng)大的孩子，會(huì)比其他孩子更勇敢、積極、樂(lè)觀和自信，由此可推知，在長(zhǎng)輩關(guān)愛(ài)下長(zhǎng)大的孩子可能會(huì)有更好的個(gè)性。故選B項(xiàng)。7Which section of a web pa

19、ge can this passage be taken from?AFashion.BEntertainment.CLifestyle.DTransportation.C推理判斷題。本文主要講了中國(guó)老年人退休后的生活，文章應(yīng)該摘自網(wǎng)頁(yè)上生活方式那一欄。故選C項(xiàng)。C(2021濰坊市階段性監(jiān)測(cè))The food delivery industry now is a hotly competitive business，attracting the worlds biggest moneybags such as Alibaba and SoftBank. Balancing the needs

20、of diners，cooks and couriers (專遞公司) is complicated.Most new companies lose money.Yet they have received more than $30bn from venture capitalists (資本家) in the past five years.And they are likely to get more.The fooddelivery business can be divided into two camps：mostly profitable veterans (老手) and lo

21、ssmaking newcomers.The veterans，founded at the start of the century，are led by publicly traded Grubhub in America，and Just Eat and Takeaway in Europe.They account for the largest share of the market，offering customers online access to restaurants.Their relatively simple business model，in which they

22、take a cut of the bill from the restaurants，has enabled Grubhub and Just Eat to turn a profit for years.Takeaway makes money in its home market of the Netherlands.The newbies，born more recently，have turned a oncetidy business into a food fight.For most of them，delivery is their core business，so they

23、 share their cut of the bill with riders as well as restaurants.This substantially broadens the market to restaurants but profit suffers.The only mouthwatering aspect of the delivery business is its potential size.According to Bernstein，almost a third of the global restaurant industry is made up of

24、home delivery，takeaways and drivethroughs，which could be worth $1 trn by 2023.In 2018 delivery amounted to $161bn，leaving plenty of room for online firms to expand.Yet it is by no means clear if anyone can make money by delivering meals.In fact，the economics may be even worse.Delivery businesses hav

25、e ways to cut their losses.One is to diversify further，by delivering groceries，flowers，booze，and even people，as well as meals.Another is to provide cheaper meals by centrally supplying ingredients to restaurants.In the dogeatdog world of food delivery，it will still be hard.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。外賣行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，吸引

26、了阿里巴巴表軟銀等全球最大的富豪，但盈利的主要還是老公司，新公司往往虧損?？爝f行業(yè)潛在規(guī)模巨大，但是送餐業(yè)務(wù)是否能夠獲利并不能確定。8How can the veterans make a profit?AThey get lots of support from capitalists.BThey offer customers great convenience.CThey draw a part of profit from restaurants.DThey balance the complicated needs successfully.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“The

27、ir relatively simple business model, in which they take a cut of the bill from the restaurants，has enabled Grubhub and Just Eat to turn a profit for years.”可知，老公司是通過(guò)從餐館中抽取利潤(rùn)來(lái)賺錢(qián)的，故C項(xiàng)正確。9What makes the delivery business attractive?AMassive profits.BDevelopment prospects.CSatisfying service.DEfficient

28、management.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容尤其是第一句“The only mouthwatering aspect of the delivery business is its potential size.”可知，快遞業(yè)務(wù)唯一令人垂涎的是它潛在的規(guī)模，快遞業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展前景廣闊，很有吸引力，故B項(xiàng)正確。10What is the authors attitude towards making money by delivering meals?APositive.BDefinite.CUncertain.DConfident.C作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)尾段前兩句可知，作者并不清楚是否任何人都能通

29、過(guò)送餐賺錢(qián)，并認(rèn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)情況可能更糟。據(jù)此可以推知，作者對(duì)送餐賺錢(qián)持不確定的態(tài)度，故C項(xiàng)正確。11Which can be a suitable title for the text?ADelivery businesses balance some complicated needsBMeal delivery attracts the worlds biggest moneybagsCThe two camps of delivery businesses compete fiercelyDThe fooddelivery business is anything but tasty bus

30、inessD標(biāo)題歸納題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文具體分析了送餐業(yè)務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀及前景，送餐業(yè)務(wù)是否能夠獲利并不能確定，故D項(xiàng)(送餐業(yè)務(wù)絕不是香餑餑)最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。D(2021湖南省六校聯(lián)考)When we meet someone for the first time，we usually get a vague sense of what kind of person they are by the way they shake hands，talk or walk.In the age of social networking，however，first impressions are so

31、metimes made even before we actually meet someone in personthat is，by looking at their profile photo.According to a recent study，these social images say a lot about our personality. In the study，a group of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania in the US used software to analyze the profile

32、 pictures of 66,000 users of one US social platform.At the same time，about 434 participants were asked to complete a survey about their personality type.According to the results，open people are more likely to pose in an unusual way and use objects such as glasses or a guitar in their profile photo b

33、ecause they enjoy new and exciting experiences.Meanwhile，neurotic people often hold back their negative emotions.They try to avoid showing their face；instead，they use an image of something like a pet，a car or a building.Thats because neurotic people are strongly influenced by the “strong social norm

34、 against a very sad or angry appearance in profile pictures”Apart from the objects in profile pictures，the colors used in them also give us some information about the photos owner.For example，extraverts were found to have the most colorful profile images，as they want to emphasize their personality a

35、nd show themselves off.Daniel PreoiucPietro from the University of Pennsylvania wrote in the research paper, “Social media photos usually represent an extension of ones self，but they also allow a user to shape his or her own personality and idealized view.” So，when choosing a profile photo，maybe we

36、should ask ourselves first what kind of image wed like to convey.After all，first impressions always last.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，頭像照片與性格之間有一定的關(guān)系。性格外向者更傾向于在頭像照片中擺不尋常的姿勢(shì)，使用玻璃杯等物體，照片的顏色也最鮮艷，而神經(jīng)質(zhì)的人經(jīng)常會(huì)抑制自己的負(fù)面情緒，避免展示臉。12Why do neurotic people often avoid showing their face in their profile photo?ABecause they

37、 are fond of pets，cars and buildings.BBecause they want to enjoy new experiences.CBecause they dont want to expose their negative images.DBecause they are not confident about themselves.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的neurotic people定位到文章第三段中的“Thats because neurotic people are strongly influenced by the strong social

38、norm against a very sad or angry appearance in profile pictures”，由此可知，神經(jīng)質(zhì)的人避免展示他們的臉是因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)受到強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)規(guī)范的強(qiáng)烈影響，而這種社會(huì)規(guī)范反對(duì)在頭像照片中出現(xiàn)非常悲傷或憤怒的樣子，故C 項(xiàng)正確。13What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to?AOpen people.BNeurotic people.CNegative people.DPopular people.A詞義猜測(cè)題。畫(huà)線詞所在句的后半部分說(shuō)的是因?yàn)樗麄兿霃?qiáng)調(diào)自己的個(gè)性，展示自己，因此可

39、推斷畫(huà)線詞意為“性格外向者”，故A項(xiàng)正確。14What is the writers attitude towards the choice of a profile photo?ACasual.BCautious.CWorried.DUnclear.B作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干中的“the choice of a profile photo”定位到文章最后一段中的“So, when choosing a profile photo, maybe we should ask ourselves first what kind of image wed like to convey. After al

40、l, first impressions always last.”，由此可推知作者對(duì)選擇個(gè)人頭像照片持謹(jǐn)慎的態(tài)度，故B項(xiàng)正確。15What does this text mainly talk about?AThe relationship between ones profile photo and his personality.BSome advice on how to choose a profile photo.CThe difference between open people and neurotic people.DThe importance of the first

41、impression.A主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要圍繞一項(xiàng)研究展開(kāi)，該研究探討的是頭像照片與性格之間的關(guān)系，故A項(xiàng)正確。.閱讀七選五(2021大連市雙基測(cè)試卷)Lacking chances to practice English？Thinking in English can bring you a huge step closer to fluency！It is not very difficult. 1 Today，we will share some mental exercises with you.A good first step is to think in indi

42、vidual words.Look around you.What do you see? 2 As you continue with this，it becomes a habit.Things are going to flash into your headcomputer，telephone，chair，desk，etc.，whatever it is and wherever you are. 3 For example，if you couldnt think of the word “garage”， you can say in your mind. “The place i

43、nside which I put my car” or “Its next to my house.I keep things there”The next exercise is thinking in simple sentences.For example，when sitting in a park，you can tell yourself things like, “Its such a beautiful day” and “People are playing” 4 You can also practise describing your daily activities.

44、As beginninglevel learners，you can describe the day using the simple present verb form，like “I put on my shirt” and “He drives the bus”You can also mentally make plans in the morning or list things youve done before going to bed. 5 So the skill level is a little higher.When you are practising it eve

45、ry day，over and over again，little by little，you are thinking in English.AIt is extremely easy to understand.BThis would require other verb tenses.CAt some points，you will need a dictionary.DBut it takes conscious effort and practice.EThen describe objects you dont know the words for.FTry to name eac

46、h object in your surroundings.GOnce this becomes easy，you can move on to more difficult sentences.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。如果我們?nèi)狈毩?xí)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)，我們可以試著用英文思考，從簡(jiǎn)單的詞開(kāi)始，到簡(jiǎn)單的句子。堅(jiān)持練習(xí)，我們就可以用英文思考了。1D考查上下文銜接?？涨耙痪浔硎鲇糜⒄Z(yǔ)思考并不難，空后一句表示“現(xiàn)在我們會(huì)和你分享一些頭腦練習(xí)”，據(jù)此可知，空處應(yīng)該會(huì)講到對(duì)用英語(yǔ)思考的要求，故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。2F考查上下文銜接。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，本部分主要講的是用英語(yǔ)思考單個(gè)詞，空前的內(nèi)容表述的是你在四

47、周看到了什么，而空后的內(nèi)容表述的是如果堅(jiān)持練習(xí)的話，它會(huì)變成一個(gè)習(xí)慣；你的大腦會(huì)突然想到周圍物體的英文名，因此空處講的應(yīng)該是(在大腦里)說(shuō)出你周圍物體的(英文)名字，所以F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。3E考查段落主旨句?？蘸笏e的例子如果你想不起“garage”這個(gè)詞，你可以在大腦里說(shuō)“我放車的地方”或其他是為了說(shuō)明你該怎樣描述你不知道其英文名的物體，所以E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。4G考查上下文銜接?？涨耙痪渲v到了你坐在公園的時(shí)候，可以想“這是如此美好的一天”“人們?cè)谕嫠！边@樣的句子，而空后一句講到了你也可以練習(xí)描述你的日?；顒?dòng)，空處前后為由易到難地思考英語(yǔ)句子的過(guò)程，故G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5B考查上下文銜接?？涨耙痪渲v到了早

48、上的時(shí)候，你可以(用英文)在大腦里制訂今天的計(jì)劃或睡覺(jué)之前，你可以把今天做過(guò)的事(用英文)羅列一下，而空后一句講到了“所以技能等級(jí)高了一點(diǎn)”，據(jù)此可知，B項(xiàng)(這會(huì)需要其他的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài))符合語(yǔ)境，銜接上下文。.完形填空(2021福建省診斷性練習(xí))When Leah was 10, she saw a need for change in the world. “People are supposed to show 1 and sympathy，”she says. “But that wasnt happening.”Leah decided to 2 her handmade bracelet

49、s (手鐲) at a local event and asked each person who got one to do a kind deed for someone else. A note 3 to each bracelet said，“Lets just show other people they are 4 .”As Leah gave out bracelets， 5 spread. She began to receive bracelet requests worldwide, and to hear from people whod delivered kind d

50、eeds. One person 6 a tired store clerk with sandwiches. Another paid for a strangers coffee. “A story that 7 touched my heart was that someone established a homeless camp！” she says.When Leah couldnt 8 requests for the bracelets, she began selling wristbands (腕帶) with “Kindness Travels” on the outsi

51、de and “kind” on the inside in 9 languages.So far, she has sent out 10,000 wristbands.She has 10 a party for kids at a homeless shelter, paid rent for hurricane 11 and more, using the money from wristbands 12 and donations.Leah hopes to 13 other kids who want to help others.“Just come up with ideas! Never be 14 ，” she says. “Age is just a 15 . You always have the power to do something.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】Leah在10歲時(shí)看到世界需要改變。她決定在一場(chǎng)本地活動(dòng)中分發(fā)手工制作的手鐲，并請(qǐng)求得到手鐲的人為他人做一件好事。后來(lái)她開(kāi)始賣帶有“傳