Unit2 單詞詳解課件-牛津譯林版高中英語必修五

1、M5U2單詞economy n.經(jīng)濟（情況）；經(jīng)濟體 economic a.經(jīng)濟的 economics un.經(jīng)濟學；經(jīng)濟情況 economical a.經(jīng)濟的；節(jié)儉的 the world economy a market economy economic growth/cooperation/development/reformspokeswoman n.女發(fā)言人 consultant n.顧問 consult v.咨詢；請教；查閱；商量 consultation n.consult sb about sth debate n&vi 辯論；爭論，討論under debate 在討論中 a h

2、eated/lively debate 激烈的/熱烈的爭論debate with sb about/on/over sth （與某人）辯論/討論某事debate + wh-從句 討論Eg：The students had a heated debate on whether the cultural relic was worth rebuilding.They debated with each other on the environmental protection.The proposal under debate was put forward by the chairman.Wer

3、e debating whether or not to go skiing this winter. open the floor 自由發(fā)言take the floor 發(fā)言 get/have the floor 取得發(fā)言權 ask for the floor 要求發(fā)言Eg: The teacher allowed us to open the floor for discussion at the meeting.flow vi.流，流動；流暢地進行 n.流動；連貫Eg：She tried to stop the flow of blood from the wound. This can

4、 prevent air from flowing freely to the lungs. billion n.十億duty n.責任，義務，本分；上班，值班 -ies (pl.) Its ones duty to do sth 做某事是某人的責任have a duty to do 有義務做某事do ones duty 盡自己的責任on/off duty 值班/下班Eg：It is everyones duty to observe the rules of our school.As a famous public figure, you have a duty to behave you

5、rself, especially in public places.cut back on 減少，削減，縮減=cut down on cut-cut-cut-cutting cut 短語： down 砍倒；減少，削減 in 插嘴 away 砍掉，減去 off 中斷；切斷；隔離 out 裁剪；刪除 up 切碎 across 抄近路穿過；徑直穿過 through 穿透；抄近路 short 中斷；縮短Eg: After my dad lost his job, we had to cut back on household spending.Dont try to cut in while oth

6、ers are duction n.產(chǎn)量；生產(chǎn)；（電影、戲劇的）上映，制作product n.產(chǎn)品；產(chǎn)物 produce v.生產(chǎn)；制造 n.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品productive a.多產(chǎn)的；富有成效的production costs an increase in production產(chǎn)量上升 go out of production停產(chǎn)Eg：Various setbacks and problems delayed production. He wants a career in film production.recycle vt.&vi. 回收利用 recyclable a.

7、可再循環(huán)的pipe n.管子，管道；煙斗；管樂器 v.用管道輸送Eg：The liquid cant escape into the air, because its inside a pipe. greedy a.貪婪的，貪心的 greedily adv. greed n.貪婪，貪心be greedy for 對貪婪Eg：The shareholders are greedy for profit. 股東們都利欲熏心businessman n.(尤指上層)商界人員；企業(yè)家responsibility n.責任，職責 responsible a. irresponsible a.a sense

8、 of 責任感take for 對負責=be responsible forIt is ones to do 某人有責任做某事Eg：You are in charge of the company, so you should take for what you said.It is their responsibility to ensure that the rules are enforced. belief n.看法；信念；相信；信心；信仰(pl.) believe v. have belief in 相信 beyond belief 難以置信have/hold the belief

9、that 相信 believe in (sb)信任；信賴；相信的存在 believe sb 相信某人的（話）believe it or not 信不信由你It is believed that 人們相信Eg：They have the belief that communicative ability is the final goal of foreign language learning.I believe what you said, but I dont believe in you.environmental a.環(huán)境的 environment n.環(huán)境environmental

10、issues/problems 環(huán)境問題 operate vt.&vi.經(jīng)營；動手術；操作，控制；運轉，工作 operation n.operate on 給動手術 operate well/badly 運轉好/壞in operation 工作中；使用中；有效come into operation 開始生效；開始工作put sth into operation 實施；使運轉perform an operation on sb for sth 因給某人動手術Eg：What skills are needed to operate this machine?The injured was oper

11、ated on immediately after he was sent to the hospital.His father is a great businessman and operates two big companies.Some people can only operate well under pressure.credit n.贊揚，稱贊，認可；為贏得榮譽的人（事）；信用，信譽；學分to sb.s credit 值得贊揚的是give sb credit for 為而稱贊某人be a credit to sb/sth 為某人/事增光Eg: To your credit,

12、you have overcome such difficulties.I can not take all the credit for the shows successit was a team effort.It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.Lily won first prize in the competition, and she is a credit to the school.quantity n.數(shù)量a large/gr

13、eat quantity of +cn復數(shù)/un 作主語時，謂語由of后面的名詞決定large/huge quantities of + cn復數(shù)/un 作主語時，謂語復數(shù) in large quantities=in quantity 大量地“許多，大量”a good/great many a large/great number of + cn復數(shù) 作主語時，謂語復數(shù)quite a few many a + cn單數(shù) 作主語時，謂語單數(shù)quite a little + un 作主語時，謂語單數(shù)a great/good deal of + un 作主語時，謂語單數(shù) a large amoun

14、t of + un 作主語時，謂語單數(shù) large amounts of + un 作主語時，謂語復數(shù)Eg：Large quantities of information as well as some timely help (offer)since the organization was built.A large quantity of books (store) in the library near the playground.raw a.原始的，未經(jīng)加工或處理的；生的；無經(jīng)驗的raw material n.原材料a raw beginner raw meat raw sugar

15、 Eg: This information is only raw data and will need further analysis.seafood n.海味，海鮮willing a.愿意的，樂意的 -ly adv.欣然；樂意地will n.意志；意愿 unwilling a.不愿意 be willing/unwilling to do 樂意/不樂意做某事Eg：Kate is willing to make friends with whoever shares the same interests and hobbies with her.tax n.稅，稅款 -es (pl.) v.

16、征稅raise/cut taxes a tax on cigarettesEg：Husband and wife may be taxed separately on their incomes.goods n.商品，貨品sport goods 體育器材 expensive goodsEg: Money can be exchanged for goods or services.pump vt.&vi 用泵(或泵樣器官等)輸送；涌出，涌流 n.泵；抽水機；打氣筒Eg: The heart pumps blood around the body.use up 用完 vt短語，可被動use短語：

17、come into use 開始使用 put into use 投入使用make good/full use of 充分利用 be of use 有用in use 在使用中 out of use 不再使用It is no use doing sth 做沒有用Eg：We will use up our gas tomorrow.When a new product comes into being, it must be tested out before it is put into use.It is no use complaining without taking any action.

18、 run out (of) 用完，耗盡；（法律文件）到期；失效run out of 以人作主語 vt短語run out （時間、金錢、食物等用完）被用完，被耗盡 vi短語give out （食品、耐心、精力等耗盡） vi短語；分發(fā)；發(fā)出（光、熱）run 短語： after 追逐 for 競選 over 撞到；碾過 into 偶遇；撞上；遭遇（困難） across 偶遇 short 將耗盡，快用完Eg：I have run out of my money, so I can not afford to buy this book.My money has run out/has been run

19、 out of/has been used up/has given out, so I can not afford to buy this book.My contract runs out in September.madam n.女士，夫人arrival n.到來，抵達；到達者 arrive vi.到達clean up 打掃（或清除）干凈；整頓，整治clear up 清理；解決；放晴Eg：The new mayor is determined to clean up the city.It is high time that you took measures to clear up

20、the misunderstanding between you and your parents.arrest vt.&n.逮捕 sb. for 因而逮捕某人 be/get arrested 遭逮捕under 被逮捕；被拘留Eg：Upon arriving at the airport, he was arrested by the police.illegally adv.非法地 illegal a. legal a.法律的，合法的customs n.海關；關稅custom n.風俗；習慣feather n.羽毛 leather n.皮革tortoise n.陸龜 blanket n.毯子

21、；厚的覆蓋層 v.以厚層覆蓋a blanket of fog/snowimpress vt.使印象深刻；使欽佩；使意識到；使銘記 impression n.印象; 影響 impressive a. 令人敬佩的；令人贊嘆的 impressed a.使欽佩的；有印象的 sb with sth 給留下深刻印象 be impressed with/by 對印象深刻（常用impressed by/with狀語 sth on/upon sb. 使某人意識到某事 也可用 on/upon sb. sth. sth on/upon ones mind/memory 使某人銘記某事在心It impresses/i

22、mpressed sb that 令人欽佩的是；令某人印象深刻的是make/leave a deep impression on sb 給某人留下深刻印象Eg：We were all impressed by her enthusiasm. He impressed on us the need for immediate action.It impressed me that she remembered my name. What impressed him most was their speed. clap vt.&vi. 鼓掌，拍手 -pp-Eg: The audience chee

23、red and clapped.She clapped her hands in delight.economic a.經(jīng)濟的conflict vi.沖突，抵觸 n.沖突；矛盾 with 與沖突 in with come into with 與有沖突 Eg：John often comes into conflict with his boss. She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.queue vi. 排隊等候 n.隊，行列stand in a queue 排隊等候 jump the que

24、ue 插隊queue up (for sth./to do th.) 排隊等候Eg：We had to queue up for an hour for the tickets.desertification n.沙漠化crop n.莊稼，農(nóng)作物 production/yield 農(nóng)作物生產(chǎn)/產(chǎn)量fence n.柵欄，籬笆，圍欄 v.（用柵欄）隔開soil n.土壤Eg: It was the first time that I had set foot on African soil.bush n.灌木decrease vt.&vi. n. 減少 increase 增加decrease to

25、/by 減少到/減少了 on the increase/decrease 在增加/減少Eg：The price of wheat has decreased by 15%.drill vi.&vt. 鉆（孔），打（眼） n.操練，訓練Eg：The children were drilled to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang. ring-rang-rungmeasure n.措施，方法；尺度 vt.測量；估量，判定 注:系動詞 (尺寸、長短、數(shù)量)量度為 常作后置定語和狀語，用現(xiàn)在分詞take measures to d

26、o sth 采取措施做make sth to ones measure 按照某人的尺寸做某物Eg：We should take appreciate measures to improve our teaching.The blackboard measures three meters long and one meter wide.Mark lives in a pleasant big room _ (measure) approximately 5 meters wide by 6 meters long.I can make an evening dress to my own me

27、asure.It is high time that measures were taken to prevent the air pollution.administration n.管理；管理部門；施行；政府satellite n.人造衛(wèi)星pick out 找出，挑選；辨認出pick up 拾起；用車接；學會（語言）；接收信號；改善，好轉Eg：She was picked out from hundreds of applicants for the job.Yao Ming is so tall that he can be picked out in the crowd easily.

28、typhoon n.臺風 hurricane n.颶風flood n.洪水；大批，大量 vt.&vi.泛濫；淹沒；大量涌入flood damage 洪澇災害 a flood of complaints 大量投訴 a flood of refugees 難民潮Eg: Refugees continue to flood into neighboring countries. range n.范圍；一系列；山脈 vi.（在一定范圍內）變化；包括；排列，排序a wide range of 各種各樣的beyond/out of range of 超出的范圍 in/within range of 在可及

29、的范圍 fromto 在范圍內變動= betweenandEg: He has a wide range of hobbies, ranging from playing chess to swimming.The price of the house is well beyond our range.under way 進行中 under + n. construction discussion attack investigation consideration pressure repair control Eg：An investigation is under way to find

30、 out how the disaster happened.conservation n.（對自然環(huán)境的）保護 conserve v.保護；保存 conservative a.保守的；守舊的Eg：Environmental conservation has been a hot topic in recent years.dolphin n.海豚 white-flag dolphin n.白鰭豚in/with regard to(介詞) 關于，至于 regarding prep. 關于regard v.把視為；看待 n.注意，關心；尊重，敬重；致意，問候regard as as regard

31、s 關于，至于 in this/that regard 在這點；在這方面give my regards (to sb.) 請帶我問候（某人）Eg: In regard to human rights, we had better be careful.appreciate vt.欣賞，贊賞；感謝；領會 appreciation n. appreciative a. (sb/sbs) doing sth 感激 I would it if in appreciation for/of 為了感激express ones appreciation to sb for sth 因某事表達對某人的感激之情

32、eg：You cant really appropriate foreign literature in translation.His talents are not fully appreciated in that company.We would you letting us know of any problems.I would appreciate it if you paid in cash. He didnt fully the significance the signing the contract.climate n.氣候；氛圍；形勢a mild/wet climate

33、 溫和的/潮濕的Eg：The economic climate remains uncertain.low-carbon a.低碳的 carbon n.碳dioxide n.二氧化物 carbon dioxide n.二氧化碳 let off 排放；燃放，使爆炸；放過，寬??；允許不做let短語： alone 更不用說；不打擾 down 失望；放下，降低 out 泄露；釋放；發(fā)出 up 減弱；放松；停止Eg：Regular exercise is a good way of letting off steam. 緩解壓力，宣泄情感The children were letting off fireworks to celebrate the coming New Year.When the police realized he was innocent, they let him off.Since you practiced the piano, I will let you off it today.vehicle n.交通工具，車輛；（賴以表達思想、感情的）手段，工具Eg：The play is an ideal vehicle for her talents.petrol