2023版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)第2部分基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法講練專題2句法篇第3講并列連詞和從屬連詞課件

1、專題二句法篇第3講并列連詞和從屬連詞高考感知1(2021全國(guó)新高考卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.【答案與解析】1and考查連詞。 “highlights the whole adventure”與 “offers a place”為并列關(guān)系。故填and。2(2021全國(guó)新高考卷)O

2、ne day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws(吸管). I found the contact information of the company _ emailed its president. 【答案與解析】2and考查連詞。“found the contact information of the company”和“emailed its president”是兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作。故填and。3(2021全國(guó)新高考卷)My bike was

3、old and shaky _ did the job.【答案與解析】3but考查連詞?！皁ld and shaky”與“did the job”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。4(2021全國(guó)新高考卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _ the late 1980s. 【答案與解析】4until考查連詞。句意：直到20世紀(jì)80年代晚期它才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示“直到20世紀(jì)80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受”，表示“直到才”使用“notuntil”。故填until。5(2020全國(guó)新高考卷)They kept t

4、heir collection at home until it got too big _ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.【答案與解析】5or考查連詞。前后陳述的是兩種可能性，“until it got too big”或“until they died”，故用or連接。6(2020全國(guó)卷)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces _ put them aside.【答案與解析】6and考查連詞。前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作接連發(fā)生，是順承關(guān)系，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。7(2020全國(guó)卷改編)I waited p

5、atiently _ the oil was hot.【答案與解析】7until/till考查從屬連詞。此處意為“耐心地等待，直到油熱起來(lái)”，應(yīng)用until/till引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。8(2020全國(guó)卷)Actually，I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, _ have long been out of practice.【答案與解析】8but/yet考查連詞?！?歲開(kāi)始學(xué)功夫”與“很久沒(méi)有練習(xí)”在語(yǔ)意上構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而不是因果關(guān)系。9(2020全國(guó)卷)Then I can spare some time to lear

6、n it again, _ that we can practice together every day.【答案與解析】9so考查固定搭配。so that可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，而such that不能引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。10(2020全國(guó)卷) _ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.【答案與解析】10When/As考查從屬連詞。根據(jù)句意與句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，應(yīng)用whe

7、n/as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。11(2020江蘇卷)They decide to have more workers for the project _ that it wont be delayed.【答案與解析】11so考查固定搭配。句意：他們決定為這項(xiàng)工程增加工人，以免被耽擱。so that “為了；目的是”。12(2020天津卷)Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much.Even _ it is not your style, that doesnt mean it is bad.【答案與解析】12though/if考查從屬連詞。句意：

8、“為什么人們喜歡流行音樂(lè)？我很討厭它?！薄半m然它不是你喜歡的風(fēng)格，但這并不意味著這種音樂(lè)不好?！?even though/even if表示“雖然；盡管”?？记榉治?并列連詞(and, but, or, so, when, while等)；2狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。考點(diǎn)突破并列連詞是近幾年高考的必考點(diǎn)之一，and，but，or，so，when，while等是考查的重點(diǎn)。而狀語(yǔ)從句的考查主要集中在條件狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句等。解決并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是找出句子之間或從句與主句之間的邏輯關(guān)系?？键c(diǎn)一并列連詞及并列句并列句由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成

9、。在并列句中，這些簡(jiǎn)單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡(jiǎn)單句被稱為分句。并列連詞是用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)并列的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子的詞，主要表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系。并列連詞在句子中位置比較固定，必須位于所連接的并列單位之間；兩個(gè)并列連詞不能并用。(一)四種類型1表并列、遞進(jìn)或順承關(guān)系：and，both and，neithernor，not only but alsoThe earth is one of the suns planets，and the moon is earths satellite.地球是太陽(yáng)系中的一顆行星，月亮是地球的衛(wèi)星。2表轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比關(guān)系：but，yet，wh

10、ileThe problem was a little hard，yet I was able to work it out.這道題有點(diǎn)難，然而我卻把它做出來(lái)了。3表選擇關(guān)系：or，otherwise，or else，either or ，not butNow you can either have a rest or you can go to the cinema.現(xiàn)在你可以休息，也可以去看電影。4表因果關(guān)系：so，for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginn

11、ing to fall.由于他視力開(kāi)始下降，他發(fā)現(xiàn)讀書越來(lái)越困難了。(二)兩大句式1when“就在這時(shí)，突然”，常用以下句式Sb.be about to do/on the point of doing sth.when 某人正要做某事，突然Sb.be doing sth.when 某人正在做某事，突然Sb.had done sth.when 某人剛做完某事，突然She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她剛完成家庭作業(yè)，媽媽就讓她

12、練習(xí)彈鋼琴。2and與or/otherwise用于并列句祈使句and陳述句(and表示順承關(guān)系)祈使句or/otherwise陳述句(or/otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系)Hurry up，or/otherwise you will be late for class.快點(diǎn)兒，否則你們上課就遲到了?？键c(diǎn)二從屬連詞及狀語(yǔ)從句(一)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞1when，as和while的用法(1)when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，when既可以指時(shí)間段也可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，從句中既可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞又可用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且動(dòng)作既可和主句的動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生又可在主句的動(dòng)作之前或之后發(fā)生。When the

13、wind blows，all the doors rattle.只要風(fēng)一吹，這些門就吱嘎作響。(延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)When I came home，my wife was cooking dinner.我回家時(shí)，妻子在做晚飯。(非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞)如果when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同，而從句的謂語(yǔ)又是be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，那么從句中的主語(yǔ)和be可以省略；當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，往往還可以用“when分詞”的形式替代該狀語(yǔ)從句。When (you are) in trouble，ask her for help.當(dāng)你遭遇麻煩的時(shí)候，去向她求助。(2)while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

14、時(shí)表示“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作與從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)持續(xù)地進(jìn)行，用于這一用法時(shí)，while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，或者主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行過(guò)程中，這時(shí)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。Study while you study；play while you play.該學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候就學(xué)習(xí)，該玩的時(shí)候就玩。I met her while I was at school.當(dāng)我在學(xué)校的時(shí)候我遇見(jiàn)了她。(3)as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)表示“當(dāng)時(shí)，一邊一邊”，側(cè)重表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生(包括一個(gè)主語(yǔ)同時(shí)進(jìn)行兩個(gè)動(dòng)作)，或者一種動(dòng)作隨著另一種動(dòng)作的變化而變化。He ju

15、mps as he goes along.他邊走邊跳。I saw him as he was getting off the bus.正當(dāng)他下公交車時(shí)，我看見(jiàn)了他。2before與since的用法(1)before表示“在之前；還未就；還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就”。常用于以下句型：It will be一段時(shí)間before 多久之后才It wont be long before 不久之后就It was一段時(shí)間before 過(guò)了多久才John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.約翰認(rèn)為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。(2)sinc

16、e的用法since表示“自從”，其引導(dǎo)的從句在句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)；從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。I have returned home twice since I settled down in the States.自從我定居美國(guó)后，我回過(guò)兩次家。since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)若是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常理解為某一狀態(tài)的終止；若是終止性動(dòng)詞，則理解為某一動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始。He has written to me frequently since his illness was all right.自從他病好以來(lái)，他經(jīng)常給我來(lái)信。since表示“自從以來(lái)”，常用于“It is/has bee

17、n時(shí)間段since從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。該句型表示“自從開(kāi)始(不做)已經(jīng)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”，一般從句的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句中的時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。As is reported，it has been/is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.據(jù)報(bào)道，清華大學(xué)已經(jīng)建立了100多年了。3till和until的用法(1)till或until表示“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止”，此時(shí)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主、從句都為肯定式。這兩個(gè)詞可以換用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。Have you heard the meeting wi

18、ll be put off till/until next Tuesday?這個(gè)會(huì)議將被推遲到下周二，你有沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)？(2)not until 表示“直到才”，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。As far as I know，his mother wont go to bed until he returns home every evening.據(jù)我所知，他母親每晚直到他回家才會(huì)上床睡覺(jué)。4表示“一就，剛就”的常用表達(dá)(1)表示“一就”的表達(dá)as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instantTh

19、e moment I heard the voice，I knew my father was coming.我一聽(tīng)到那個(gè)聲音就知道父親來(lái)了。(2)表示“剛就”的表達(dá)no sooner than， hardly/scarcely when 的時(shí)態(tài)搭配：no sooner與hardly/scarcely后的句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而than與when引導(dǎo)的句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。此外，當(dāng)把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首時(shí)，應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started

20、cheering.No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.他剛完成演講學(xué)生們就開(kāi)始?xì)g呼起來(lái)。(二)引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句表示地點(diǎn)、方位，通常由where，wherever引導(dǎo)，可置于句首、句中或句尾。I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.因?yàn)槲易牡胤皆胍籼?，所以?tīng)不清教授在說(shuō)什么。(三)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞原因狀語(yǔ)從句可由because，as

21、，since，now that，in that，considering(that)等詞引導(dǎo)。1because譯作“因?yàn)椤保硎局苯釉?，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，能回答由why提出的問(wèn)句。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上，因?yàn)樗氚ぶ拮幼?as譯作“由于”，語(yǔ)氣較輕，常表示顯而易見(jiàn)的原因；since(既然)，now that(既然)，in that(因?yàn)?，表示雙方都知道的原因，語(yǔ)氣較弱。as，since和now that引導(dǎo)的

22、從句多位于主句之前。Now that you have got a job，you should learn to be independent of your parents.既然你找到了一份工作，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立不依靠父母。(四)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞1條件狀語(yǔ)從句的常見(jiàn)引導(dǎo)詞if，unless(ifnot)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that(條件是)，if only(if)，provided that(如果)，in case(萬(wàn)一，如果)，suppose/supposing that(假設(shè)，如果)，assuming that等均可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。

23、My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興就好。2條件狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)含義；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表即將完成之后的情況；一般過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去將來(lái)的含義。If everyone does his part，the project will surely be a success.如果大家都盡責(zé)，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目肯定會(huì)成功。(五)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case(th

24、at)，lest等。1in order that和so that均可引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。兩個(gè)連詞都意為“以便；為了”，它們引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。When he goes out，he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出門的時(shí)候常戴著墨鏡，以便沒(méi)人能認(rèn)出他。2for fear that，in case(that)和lest引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，for fear that表示“害怕，擔(dān)心某事會(huì)發(fā)生”；in case(that)/lest表示“以防出現(xiàn)某種情況”。The b

25、oy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那個(gè)男孩藏在樹(shù)后面，以防他父親看到他。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.帶上雨衣以防下雨。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天氣如此晴朗，以至于我們都想去公園。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他掙這么少的錢，

26、以至于養(yǎng)不起家。2當(dāng)so或such所在的主句主語(yǔ)與結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，還可簡(jiǎn)化為：so/such as to 。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一名如此聰明的學(xué)生，以至于他能夠解決所有難題。(七)引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞有as，as if，as though等。方式

27、狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引導(dǎo)的從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。The construction industry is no longer as depressed as it was.建筑業(yè)不再像以往那樣蕭條了。(八)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞1although，though，while可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important，its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedti

28、me.盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但臨睡前鍛煉不是個(gè)好主意。2as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)需用倒裝語(yǔ)序，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可倒裝可不倒裝。Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.在長(zhǎng)途跋涉之后，盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是因?yàn)槔鬯煤苁臁?“疑問(wèn)詞ever”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“無(wú)論”。Wherever you choose to settle down，you should attempt to fit in with the local

29、 people.無(wú)論你選擇在哪里定居，你都應(yīng)該嘗試做到入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。4whether or 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“不論還是”，表示正反兩種情況都不會(huì)影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。Well go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項(xiàng)工作做下去。技巧點(diǎn)撥語(yǔ)法填空解題“3技能”1牢記連詞詞義并能熟練運(yùn)用是解答題目的先決條件；2牢記固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)，確定從屬連詞；3根據(jù)主從句的邏輯關(guān)系確定狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。如果主從句是因果關(guān)系，則要考慮用because, as, sin

30、ce; 如果主從句有時(shí)間先后之分，則要考慮用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞；如果從句為主句的條件， 則要考慮用if; 如果從句表示讓步， 則要考慮用although, though, while。對(duì)點(diǎn)特訓(xùn).單句語(yǔ)法填空1And he speaks so slowly and strangely_ it takes patience to understand what he is saying.2Not _ we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.3In addition, some sharp remark

31、s，_ they are eye-catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.【答案】1that2until3though/although/while4Interesting _ it may seem, I dont like it.5This is the first time I have seen the moonlight _ I came here.6I believe this sports meeting will remain a precious memory for all of us_ time goes by

32、.7If the guests are seated at the table, the hosts may serve the food, or it may be passed so _ each person may help himself.【答案】4as/though5since6as7that8Air pollution is getting more and more serious, so we must take action_ it is too late.9However, _ I came out of my teachers office, I told myself

33、, “Smile! Its not so serious.”10Tongpao has risen in number over the past 15 years_ a worker in Central Chinas Henan Province named Wang Letian made a hanfustyle suit and wore it in public in 2003【答案】8before9after10since.寫作運(yùn)用1隨著他逐漸長(zhǎng)大，他變得不那么活潑了。_2我剛告訴他那則消息他就不聽(tīng)了。_【答案】1As he grew older, he became less active.2I had hardly told him the news when he stopped listening.3這個(gè)嬰兒直到他的媽媽回來(lái)才睡覺(jué)。_