2023版高考英語一輪總復習第2部分基礎語法講練專題2句法篇第3講并列連詞和從屬連詞課件

1、專題二句法篇第3講并列連詞和從屬連詞高考感知1(2021全國新高考卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure _ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.【答案與解析】1and考查連詞。 “highlights the whole adventure”與 “offers a place”為并列關系。故填and。2(2021全國新高考卷)O

2、ne day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws(吸管). I found the contact information of the company _ emailed its president. 【答案與解析】2and考查連詞?！癴ound the contact information of the company”和“emailed its president”是兩個并列的動作。故填and。3(2021全國新高考卷)My bike was

3、old and shaky _ did the job.【答案與解析】3but考查連詞?！皁ld and shaky”與“did the job”是轉折關系。故填but。4(2021全國新高考卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _ the late 1980s. 【答案與解析】4until考查連詞。句意：直到20世紀80年代晚期它才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受。根據句意可知，此處表示“直到20世紀80年代晚期才作為旅游觀念被廣泛接受”，表示“直到才”使用“notuntil”。故填until。5(2020全國新高考卷)They kept t

4、heir collection at home until it got too big _ until they died, and then it was given to a museum.【答案與解析】5or考查連詞。前后陳述的是兩種可能性，“until it got too big”或“until they died”，故用or連接。6(2020全國卷)First I cut the tomatoes into pieces _ put them aside.【答案與解析】6and考查連詞。前后兩個動作接連發(fā)生，是順承關系，而不是轉折關系。7(2020全國卷改編)I waited p

5、atiently _ the oil was hot.【答案與解析】7until/till考查從屬連詞。此處意為“耐心地等待，直到油熱起來”，應用until/till引導時間狀語從句。8(2020全國卷)Actually，I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, _ have long been out of practice.【答案與解析】8but/yet考查連詞。“7歲開始學功夫”與“很久沒有練習”在語意上構成轉折關系，而不是因果關系。9(2020全國卷)Then I can spare some time to lear

6、n it again, _ that we can practice together every day.【答案與解析】9so考查固定搭配。so that可以引導目的狀語從句，而such that不能引導目的狀語從句。10(2020全國卷) _ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (傳奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.【答案與解析】10When/As考查從屬連詞。根據句意與句子結構可知，應用whe

7、n/as引導時間狀語從句。11(2020江蘇卷)They decide to have more workers for the project _ that it wont be delayed.【答案與解析】11so考查固定搭配。句意：他們決定為這項工程增加工人，以免被耽擱。so that “為了；目的是”。12(2020天津卷)Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much.Even _ it is not your style, that doesnt mean it is bad.【答案與解析】12though/if考查從屬連詞。句意：

8、“為什么人們喜歡流行音樂？我很討厭它?！薄半m然它不是你喜歡的風格，但這并不意味著這種音樂不好?！?even though/even if表示“雖然；盡管”?？记榉治?并列連詞(and, but, or, so, when, while等)；2狀語從句的引導詞?？键c突破并列連詞是近幾年高考的必考點之一，and，but，or，so，when，while等是考查的重點。而狀語從句的考查主要集中在條件狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、時間狀語從句、原因狀語從句和結果狀語從句等。解決并列句和狀語從句的關鍵是找出句子之間或從句與主句之間的邏輯關系?？键c一并列連詞及并列句并列句由兩個或兩個以上并列而又獨立的簡單句構成

9、。在并列句中，這些簡單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡單句被稱為分句。并列連詞是用來連接兩個或多個并列的詞、短語或句子的詞，主要表示并列、選擇、轉折、因果等關系。并列連詞在句子中位置比較固定，必須位于所連接的并列單位之間；兩個并列連詞不能并用。(一)四種類型1表并列、遞進或順承關系：and，both and，neithernor，not only but alsoThe earth is one of the suns planets，and the moon is earths satellite.地球是太陽系中的一顆行星，月亮是地球的衛(wèi)星。2表轉折、對比關系：but，yet，wh

10、ileThe problem was a little hard，yet I was able to work it out.這道題有點難，然而我卻把它做出來了。3表選擇關系：or，otherwise，or else，either or ，not butNow you can either have a rest or you can go to the cinema.現在你可以休息，也可以去看電影。4表因果關系：so，for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginn

11、ing to fall.由于他視力開始下降，他發(fā)現讀書越來越困難了。(二)兩大句式1when“就在這時，突然”，常用以下句式Sb.be about to do/on the point of doing sth.when 某人正要做某事，突然Sb.be doing sth.when 某人正在做某事，突然Sb.had done sth.when 某人剛做完某事，突然She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.昨天她剛完成家庭作業(yè)，媽媽就讓她

12、練習彈鋼琴。2and與or/otherwise用于并列句祈使句and陳述句(and表示順承關系)祈使句or/otherwise陳述句(or/otherwise表示轉折關系)Hurry up，or/otherwise you will be late for class.快點兒，否則你們上課就遲到了?？键c二從屬連詞及狀語從句(一)引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞1when，as和while的用法(1)when引導時間狀語從句時，表示“當的時候”，when既可以指時間段也可指時間點，從句中既可用延續(xù)性動詞又可用非延續(xù)性動詞，且動作既可和主句的動詞同時發(fā)生又可在主句的動作之前或之后發(fā)生。When the

13、wind blows，all the doors rattle.只要風一吹，這些門就吱嘎作響。(延續(xù)性動詞)When I came home，my wife was cooking dinner.我回家時，妻子在做晚飯。(非延續(xù)性動詞)如果when引導的時間狀語從句的主語與主句主語相同，而從句的謂語又是be動詞時，那么從句中的主語和be可以省略；當when引導的時間狀語從句的主語與主句主語相同時，往往還可以用“when分詞”的形式替代該狀語從句。When (you are) in trouble，ask her for help.當你遭遇麻煩的時候，去向她求助。(2)while引導時間狀語從句

14、時表示“當的時候”，它強調主句的動作與從句的動作同時持續(xù)地進行，用于這一用法時，while引導的時間狀語從句和主句中的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，或者主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作的進行過程中，這時，主句中的謂語動詞可以是非延續(xù)性動詞。Study while you study；play while you play.該學習的時候就學習，該玩的時候就玩。I met her while I was at school.當我在學校的時候我遇見了她。(3)as引導時間狀語從句時表示“當時，一邊一邊”，側重表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生(包括一個主語同時進行兩個動作)，或者一種動作隨著另一種動作的變化而變化。He ju

15、mps as he goes along.他邊走邊跳。I saw him as he was getting off the bus.正當他下公交車時，我看見了他。2before與since的用法(1)before表示“在之前；還未就；還沒來得及就”。常用于以下句型：It will be一段時間before 多久之后才It wont be long before 不久之后就It was一段時間before 過了多久才John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.約翰認為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準備。(2)sinc

16、e的用法since表示“自從”，其引導的從句在句中作狀語時，主句常用現在完成時或現在完成進行時；從句常用一般過去時。I have returned home twice since I settled down in the States.自從我定居美國后，我回過兩次家。since引導的從句的謂語若是持續(xù)性動詞，常理解為某一狀態(tài)的終止；若是終止性動詞，則理解為某一動作的開始。He has written to me frequently since his illness was all right.自從他病好以來，他經常給我來信。since表示“自從以來”，常用于“It is/has bee

17、n時間段since從句”結構。該句型表示“自從開始(不做)已經多長時間了”，一般從句的時態(tài)用一般過去時，主句中的時態(tài)用現在完成時。As is reported，it has been/is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.據報道，清華大學已經建立了100多年了。3till和until的用法(1)till或until表示“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”，此時主句謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，主、從句都為肯定式。這兩個詞可以換用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。Have you heard the meeting wi

18、ll be put off till/until next Tuesday?這個會議將被推遲到下周二，你有沒有聽說？(2)not until 表示“直到才”，主句謂語動詞必須是非延續(xù)性動詞。As far as I know，his mother wont go to bed until he returns home every evening.據我所知，他母親每晚直到他回家才會上床睡覺。4表示“一就，剛就”的常用表達(1)表示“一就”的表達as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instantTh

19、e moment I heard the voice，I knew my father was coming.我一聽到那個聲音就知道父親來了。(2)表示“剛就”的表達no sooner than， hardly/scarcely when 的時態(tài)搭配：no sooner與hardly/scarcely后的句子謂語動詞應用過去完成時，而than與when引導的句子謂語動詞應用一般過去時。此外，當把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首時，應用倒裝語序。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started

20、cheering.No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.他剛完成演講學生們就開始歡呼起來。(二)引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞地點狀語從句表示地點、方位，通常由where，wherever引導，可置于句首、句中或句尾。I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.因為我坐的地方噪音太大，所以聽不清教授在說什么。(三)引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞原因狀語從句可由because，as

21、，since，now that，in that，considering(that)等詞引導。1because譯作“因為”，表示直接原因，語氣較強，能回答由why提出的問句。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上，因為他想挨著妻子坐。2as譯作“由于”，語氣較輕，常表示顯而易見的原因；since(既然)，now that(既然)，in that(因為)，表示雙方都知道的原因，語氣較弱。as，since和now that引導的

22、從句多位于主句之前。Now that you have got a job，you should learn to be independent of your parents.既然你找到了一份工作，你應該學會獨立不依靠父母。(四)引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞1條件狀語從句的常見引導詞if，unless(ifnot)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that(條件是)，if only(if)，provided that(如果)，in case(萬一，如果)，suppose/supposing that(假設，如果)，assuming that等均可引導條件狀語從句。

23、My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興就好。2條件狀語從句的時態(tài)在條件狀語從句中，常用一般現在時表將來含義；現在完成時表即將完成之后的情況；一般過去時表過去將來的含義。If everyone does his part，the project will surely be a success.如果大家都盡責，這個項目肯定會成功。(五)引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear that，in case(th

24、at)，lest等。1in order that和so that均可引導目的狀語從句。兩個連詞都意為“以便；為了”，它們引導的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞。When he goes out，he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出門的時候常戴著墨鏡，以便沒人能認出他。2for fear that，in case(that)和lest引導目的狀語從句時，for fear that表示“害怕，擔心某事會發(fā)生”；in case(that)/lest表示“以防出現某種情況”。The b

25、oy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那個男孩藏在樹后面，以防他父親看到他。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.帶上雨衣以防下雨。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天氣如此晴朗，以至于我們都想去公園。He earned so little money that he couldnt support his family.他掙這么少的錢，

26、以至于養(yǎng)不起家。2當so或such所在的主句主語與結果狀語從句中的主語一致時，還可簡化為：so/such as to 。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一名如此聰明的學生，以至于他能夠解決所有難題。(七)引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有as，as if，as though等。方式

27、狀語從句應放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引導的從句常用虛擬語氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可能實現，也可用陳述語氣。The construction industry is no longer as depressed as it was.建筑業(yè)不再像以往那樣蕭條了。(八)引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞1although，though，while可引導讓步狀語從句。Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important，its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedti

28、me.盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但臨睡前鍛煉不是個好主意。2as引導讓步狀語從句時需用倒裝語序，though引導讓步狀語從句時可倒裝可不倒裝。Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.在長途跋涉之后，盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是因為累睡得很熟。3“疑問詞ever”引導讓步狀語從句，意為“無論”。Wherever you choose to settle down，you should attempt to fit in with the local

29、 people.無論你選擇在哪里定居，你都應該嘗試做到入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。4whether or 引導的讓步狀語從句，意為“不論還是”，表示正反兩種情況都不會影響主句的意向或結果。Well go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項工作做下去。技巧點撥語法填空解題“3技能”1牢記連詞詞義并能熟練運用是解答題目的先決條件；2牢記固定句式結構，確定從屬連詞；3根據主從句的邏輯關系確定狀語從句的連接詞。如果主從句是因果關系，則要考慮用because, as, sin

30、ce; 如果主從句有時間先后之分，則要考慮用時間狀語從句的連接詞；如果從句為主句的條件， 則要考慮用if; 如果從句表示讓步， 則要考慮用although, though, while。對點特訓.單句語法填空1And he speaks so slowly and strangely_ it takes patience to understand what he is saying.2Not _ we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile in relief.3In addition, some sharp remark

31、s，_ they are eye-catching, may have misleading effects on the youth.【答案】1that2until3though/although/while4Interesting _ it may seem, I dont like it.5This is the first time I have seen the moonlight _ I came here.6I believe this sports meeting will remain a precious memory for all of us_ time goes by

32、.7If the guests are seated at the table, the hosts may serve the food, or it may be passed so _ each person may help himself.【答案】4as/though5since6as7that8Air pollution is getting more and more serious, so we must take action_ it is too late.9However, _ I came out of my teachers office, I told myself

33、, “Smile! Its not so serious.”10Tongpao has risen in number over the past 15 years_ a worker in Central Chinas Henan Province named Wang Letian made a hanfustyle suit and wore it in public in 2003【答案】8before9after10since.寫作運用1隨著他逐漸長大，他變得不那么活潑了。_2我剛告訴他那則消息他就不聽了。_【答案】1As he grew older, he became less active.2I had hardly told him the news when he stopped listening.3這個嬰兒直到他的媽媽回來才睡覺。_