福建專用2022年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法專題12特殊句式課件新人教版

1、語(yǔ)法專題十二特殊句式-2-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納1.(2018北京改編)In any unsafe situation,simply (press) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.press句意:在任何不安全的情況下,只需摁一下這個(gè)按鈕,一位訓(xùn)練有素的特勤人員就會(huì)來(lái)幫你。本題是“祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu),故填動(dòng)詞原形。2.(2018天津卷)It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the

2、passenger seat.that句意:只有當(dāng)汽車停在我們房子前,我們才看到在乘客座位上的莉莉。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is/ was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+that/ who(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人時(shí))+其他部分。-3-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納3.(2017天津改編)It was when I got back to my apartment _ I first came across my new neighbours.that句意:就在我回到公寓的時(shí)候,我第一次遇見(jiàn)了我的新鄰居。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的構(gòu)成為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他部分。本句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是

3、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when I got back to my apartment,故用引導(dǎo)詞that。4.(2016全國(guó),語(yǔ)篇填空)It could be anythinggardening,cooking, music,sportsbut whatever it is,(make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.make前面whatever it is引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,此處是一個(gè)完整句子,因此只能用動(dòng)詞原形放句首,構(gòu)成祈使句。-4-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納5.(2016天津改編)Yo

4、u are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.that句意:你等錯(cuò)地方了。長(zhǎng)途汽車在賓館接游客。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的構(gòu)成為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子其他部分。本句中at the hotel是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,故填引導(dǎo)詞that。6.(2015湖南改編)Always (keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.keep句意:始終記住你的主要任務(wù)是使公司運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。祈使句省

5、略了第二人稱you,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。-5-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納倒裝1.表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方位和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞,如there,here,now, then,up,down,out,in,away位于句首,句子謂語(yǔ)是go,come,run等不及物動(dòng)詞,可將謂語(yǔ)全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。但主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí),不倒裝。Up went the arrow into the air.颼的一聲箭射上了天。Look!From opposite the street come two kids,screaming in panic.看!街對(duì)面過(guò)來(lái)兩個(gè)孩子,(他們)驚慌地尖叫著。-6-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納3.such做表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)

6、,也常常用全部倒裝。Such was Einstein,a simple man but a great scientist.這就是愛(ài)因斯坦,一位樸實(shí)而又偉大的科學(xué)家。4.表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí),倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”。(1)形容詞+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Present at the meeting were some experts.到會(huì)的是一些專家。(2)過(guò)去分詞+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Gone are the days when we walked to work.我們步行上班的時(shí)代一去不復(fù)返了。(3)介詞短語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)Among the goods are flowers,candles a

7、nd toys.貨物中有花,蠟燭和玩具。-7-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納1.句子以never,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely等表示否定意義的副詞以及by no means,not until,not only,not a word,not a single,on no condition,in no case等表示否定意義的詞組開頭,要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.我在外國(guó)從來(lái)沒(méi)有聽到過(guò)演奏得這么好的美國(guó)音樂(lè)。Not only do the nu

8、rses want a pay increase,they want reduced hours as well.護(hù)士們不僅想要增加報(bào)酬,她們還想要減少工作時(shí)間。-8-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納2.當(dāng)句子用so,nor,neither開頭,說(shuō)明前面一句話中的情況也適用于另外一些人或物時(shí),主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)部分倒裝。Tom likes English,and so do I.湯姆喜歡英語(yǔ),我也喜歡英語(yǔ)。3.在so/such.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中,為了強(qiáng)調(diào),把so/such提到句首時(shí),主謂要倒裝。So moved was she that she could not say a word.她感動(dòng)得一句話都說(shuō)

9、不出來(lái)。So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.他跑得那么快以至于遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了其他人。-9-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納4.as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)句子要用倒裝語(yǔ)序,即要將從句中的表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)或從句中的動(dòng)詞提到as/though的前面。在as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,做表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用加任何冠詞。Child as he is,he knows a lot.盡管他是個(gè)孩子,但他懂得很多。5.在省略if的虛擬條件句中,were,had或should要提到句首構(gòu)成倒裝。Had you come a few minutes e

10、arlier,you would have seen him.如果你早來(lái)幾分鐘,你就能看見(jiàn)他了。-10-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納6.當(dāng)only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí),采用部分倒裝形式。要注意“only+主語(yǔ)”用在句首時(shí)不倒裝。Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.直到莉莉走進(jìn)辦公室,她才意識(shí)到自己把合同落在家里了。Only you can help me.只有你能幫助我。7.用于某些表示祝愿的句子。May you succeed!祝你成

11、功!8.neither.nor.連接兩個(gè)并列分句時(shí),這兩個(gè)分句都要用倒裝形式。Neither do I know it,nor do I care about it.我既不知道這件事,也不關(guān)心這件事。-11-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納省略1.單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to代替不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞,常用在be afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等詞后;或放在表情緒的詞后,代替被省略的動(dòng)詞,常見(jiàn)詞有g(shù)lad,happy,pleased等;但是,如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,則不應(yīng)

12、省略。The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to.那個(gè)司機(jī)想在路邊停車,但是警察不讓(他停在那兒)。-12-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納He is not a lawyer now,but he used to be.他現(xiàn)在已不是律師了,但他曾經(jīng)是。Your work hasnt been handed in,but it ought to have been.你的作業(yè)還沒(méi)交,但早該上交了。2.感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞(feel,notice,see,hear,let,make,ha

13、ve等)后接不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)常省略to。I heard my father sing in the kitchen.我聽見(jiàn)爸爸在廚房里唱歌。-13-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納3.在由and或or連接的并列不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中常省略后面的to。I want to finish my homework and go home.我想完成作業(yè)然后回家。4.在do nothing but,cant help but,why not,would rather.than.,had better等句型中省略to。The little boy could do nothing but cry.小男孩只能哭,別無(wú)他法。-14-

14、高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納1.在由when,while,if,as if,although/though,as,until,once,whether, where等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致且從句謂語(yǔ)含有be時(shí),可省略狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和be。When (he was) young,he helped his parents do a lot of housework.他小的時(shí)候幫父母干了很多家務(wù)活。-15-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納2.當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞時(shí),可以把it和be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成“連詞+形容詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。Though (it was) cold,he still

15、 wore a shirt.盡管天冷,但他仍然穿著一件襯衣。Please call me if (it is) necessary.如果需要,請(qǐng)給我打電話。3.在if so/not省略句式中,用so/not代替上文的內(nèi)容。Get up early tomorrow.If not(=If you dont get up early tomorrow),you will miss the early bus.明天早點(diǎn)起床,不然的話,你就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)早班車。-16-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本構(gòu)成為:It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+其他成分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí),可用who或that;被

16、強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指物時(shí),用that。如:It was John who/that wore his best suit to the dance last night.是約翰昨晚穿著他最好的一套衣服去參加舞會(huì)。It was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night.約翰昨晚是穿著他最好的一套衣服去參加舞會(huì)的。-17-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問(wèn)句形式為 “Is/Was it+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分”;特殊疑問(wèn)句形式為“特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/was it+that/who+其他成分”。Was it in high schoo

17、l that you began playing basketball?你是不是在高中的時(shí)候開始打籃球的?Where was it that you put your mobile phone after coming back?你回來(lái)之后把手機(jī)放在什么地方了?-18-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納not.until.結(jié)構(gòu)中的狀語(yǔ)成分在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),not與until要放在一起。Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized.巴赫于1750年

18、去世,但直到19世紀(jì)早期他的音樂(lè)才華才受到普遍認(rèn)可。It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognized him.直到他把太陽(yáng)鏡摘下來(lái)我才將他認(rèn)了出來(lái)。-19-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納反意疑問(wèn)句1.當(dāng)陳述部分帶有賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)常和主句保持一致。He said that they would come to my birthday party,didnt he?他說(shuō)他們要來(lái)參加我的生日聚會(huì),是嗎?2.當(dāng)陳述部分主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主

19、句主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持一致;當(dāng)陳述部分主句的主語(yǔ)為第二、三人稱時(shí),后面的疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持一致。They dont believe he will succeed,do they?他們不相信他會(huì)成功,是嗎?-20-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納當(dāng)陳述部分帶有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式。但帶有表示否定意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞時(shí),其反意疑問(wèn)部分用否定形式。He could hardly speak English,could he?

20、他幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ),是嗎?He dislikes playing the piano,doesnt he?他不喜歡彈鋼琴,是嗎?-21-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納祈使句“祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句”表示“如果就”Contribute a bit love,and you will make the world a nicer place to live in.只要你能獻(xiàn)出一點(diǎn)愛(ài),你就會(huì)使這個(gè)世界成為一個(gè)更好的居住家園。-22-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納“祈使句+or+簡(jiǎn)單句”表示“否則”Listen to the teacher carefully in class,or you cant catch what he

21、is saying.上課時(shí)仔細(xì)聽老師講,否則你聽不懂他在說(shuō)什么。注意有時(shí)名詞短語(yǔ)可以看作祈使句。A few more minutes and I will finish the work.再給我?guī)追昼娢揖蜁?huì)完成這項(xiàng)工作。-23-高考感悟考點(diǎn)歸納感嘆句What an interesting story it is!多么有趣的故事啊!What a happy day it is!多么快樂(lè)的一天啊!What beautiful butterflies they are!多么漂亮的蝴蝶啊!How tall a boy he is!這個(gè)男孩真高啊!How well she plays!她演奏得多好啊!-

22、24-.單句填空1.Overcome it we will be able to achieve our goals.and此處為“祈使句+and+陳述句”,故用連詞 and。2.Dont forget to put the tools back where they were after you have finished your work,you?will句意:干完活不要忘了把工具放回原處好嗎?否定祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句用肯定形式,故填will you。3.It was not until near the end of the letter she mentioned her own pl

23、an.that強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu):It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。句意:直到將近這封信的末尾她才提到自己的計(jì)劃。-25-4.The teacher stressed that the students should not leave out any important details while (retell) the story.retelling本句是一個(gè)省略句,由于主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致,而且從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be動(dòng)詞,所以省略了從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。5.It was only when I watched the film a second time

24、 I had a better understanding of what it was talking about.that句意:我再次觀看這部電影時(shí),我才更好地理解了它討論的是什么。題干中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是only when I watched the film a second time。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu):It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句子的其他部分。-26-6.(take) a deep breath and you will immediately feel the spring in the air.Take句意:深呼吸,你就會(huì)立即感覺(jué)到春天的氣息。此處是句型:祈使句+and

25、+陳述句。7.At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.lies本句為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首,所以句子要用完全倒裝形式。主語(yǔ)是an old cottage,句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填lies。-27-.單句改錯(cuò)1.Not only do the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet,it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water.(2019三湘

26、名校教育聯(lián)盟第一次聯(lián)考)dodoesnot only.but also.連接兩個(gè)句子時(shí),前面的句子要部分倒裝。句子的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù),所以助動(dòng)詞用does。2.You may find how this will benefit your wallet when purchased British products.(2019浙江余姚中學(xué)模擬)purchasedpurchasing本句是省略句,句子補(bǔ)全為:when (you are) purchasing British products。由于主句的主語(yǔ)和從句的主語(yǔ)一致,所以省略了主語(yǔ)和are。-28-3.Though telling of

27、 the danger,Mr.Brown still risked his life to save the boy in the fire.(2019北京豐臺(tái)區(qū)模擬)tellingtold本句是省略句,句子補(bǔ)全為:Though he was told.。4.Making sure those kids and their families are safe,because living in a cave provides a different environment.(2019廣東六校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考)MakingMake分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句是一個(gè)祈使句,所以用動(dòng)詞原形。-29-5.Dont

28、afraid of making mistakes.afraid前加be分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句為祈使句,afraid為形容詞,故afraid前加動(dòng)詞原形be。6.It was just then when I began to worry about my safety.whenthat此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),故用that。7.Suddenly,he cried out:“Oh,they are 13 people here!”theythere由句意“這里有13個(gè)人”可知,應(yīng)用there be句型。故將they改為there。8.I dont know how many yea

29、rs ago it was when people began to stay at home and civilization began.whenthat此句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是how many years ago。-30-9.I was afraid she might already have seen the film,but she didnt.didnthadnt根據(jù)might already have seen可知,該句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),因此從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故將didnt改為hadnt。10.Will Alex be coming?I assume that unless

30、hes got something else to do.thatso根據(jù)句意可知,“我”肯定亞歷克斯會(huì)來(lái)的,故應(yīng)用so代替上文提到的肯定的內(nèi)容。-31-.用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確順序填空1.Under no circumstances_(children,should,be) allowed to drive.should children be此句為表示否定意義的詞組開頭,要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序,故應(yīng)填should children be。2.Only after months of planning_(ready,they,were) for the conference.were they rea

31、dy此處為only所修飾的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首,應(yīng)采用部分倒裝形式,故應(yīng)填were they ready。-32-3.No sooner (I,had,left) than I heard them laughing.had I left此處no sooner表示具有否定意義的短語(yǔ)放在句首,要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序,故應(yīng)填had I left。4.Now (time,the,was) to escape and she jumped from the window.was the time該句為表示時(shí)間的副詞now位于句首,要用完全倒裝語(yǔ)序,故此處應(yīng)填was the time。-33-5.Many a t

32、ime (plan,she,did) to divorce her husband,but she never did.did she planmany a time 在句中充當(dāng)了狀語(yǔ),且提前至句首,故引起部分倒裝。6.Only when (Jane,has,arrived) can we start the party.Jane has arrived此處為only+狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首,其中狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序,故應(yīng)填Jane has arrived。-34-7.(Max,It,was) who borrowed the money.It was Max該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句,其基本構(gòu)成為:It is/

33、was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+who/that+其他成分。故應(yīng)填I(lǐng)t was Max。8.Never (seen,I,have) so much snow in November!have I seen此句以表示否定意義的副詞never開頭,故要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。-35-9.Not until (saw,I) John with my own eyes did I really believe he was safe.I saw該句為not until引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,置于句首,主句要用部分倒裝,從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序,故應(yīng)填I(lǐng) saw。10.So beautiful (was,girl,the) that

34、nobody could talk of anything else.was the girl此句為so. that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,且so位于句首,故主謂要倒裝。-36-.語(yǔ)篇填空Knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. By using your time 1.(proper),you can do your homework more quickly.Learning to study is not difficult.The first thing 2.(remember) is that

35、you must be willing to learn.It doesnt mean that you must always like the subject.It does mean, however,that you must be willing to do whatever is necessary to learn. Try to understand 3.it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things.Knowing mathematics facts wil

36、l be useful in your whole life.Knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier.Sometimes the subject that you think is going to be 4.(interest) will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly.Learning things can-37-be fun if you are willing to work with them.Heres some advice for you:have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study,so that you can concentrate on yo