unit 2Daily Verbal Communication (I)跨文化交際復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)資料

1、Unit 1 The Keys to Exercises A. 1-5 T F F T T 6-10 T T F T F C. 1. 園林工人 2. 理發(fā)師 3. 清道夫/ 清潔工 4. 補鞋匠1E. 1. a) No. Ignoring others suggestion is impolite and offensive. b) Yes. When you try something new, it may be difficult at first. After a while, you will get accustomed to it. c) Yes. You could learn

2、 about others customs by asking for cultural explanations. You could ask, for example, a teacher : “Would you mind if I use your last name?” In my country, it is polite for students to use their teachers last name. 2E. 2. 1) a) No. Even if this was true, she wouldnt expect a wife to say this about h

3、er own husband. To her, the Japanese woman insulted her own husband. b) No. Even if this was true, she wouldnt expect the Japanese woman to compare their husbands appearance.c) Yes. A statement like this about ones spouse in the U.S. would be considered very disrespectful. If an American woman said

4、this about her husband, people might think that they didnt have a good relationship. 3E. 2. 2) a) No. This would not be a Japanese way for a wife to say that she didnt like her husband. b) Yes. In Japan, a person would be considered boastful and not modest enough if he or she complimented his or her

5、 family members in front of others. Instead, some Japanese (particularly those who are more traditional) might say something slightly negative just to show that they are being modest and not overly proud. c) No. See b) .4Case Study In the United States, public criticism is one of a number of techniq

6、ues that can be used quite effectively to change personnels behavior. In the world of Islam, however, where the preservation of dignity and self-respect is absolutely essential, public reprimand will be totally counterproductive. If Arabs feel that they have suffered a loss of personal dignity becau

7、se they have been criticized in public, they take it as a dishonor to both themselves and their families. And when Sam insisted on using this “motivational” technique, the individual at whom the reprimand was directed was not only hurt for the open humiliation but also loses the respect of fellow wo

8、rkers witnessing it. 5Unit 2 Daily Verbal Communication (I)7ObjectivesLearn the differnces of addressing people and greeting between Chinese and western culture.Learn what are the topics at the beginning of the conversation.Learn how to visit someone and how to leave.8Verbal communication Definition

9、 of VC VC takes place when VC takes place when VC refers to the communication that is carried out either in oral or in written form with the use of words.university students are composing an article, finishing a professors assignment on campus, the employees are writing a report t to their managers

10、in a company by email. people are chatting with their friends, discussing an issue in a group, or making a public speech. 9Attributes of verbal communication can keep and disseminate information. can express all kinds of ideas we want to express can be more clarified and efficient than other ways. A

11、ttributesAttributes10 CONTENTS I. Warm-up cases II. Detailed Study:Addressing PeopleGreetingsInitiating ConversationsVisiting SomeonePartings III. Case Study IV. Summary V. Assignments11Case 1. Twelve cups of teaI. Warm-up casesQuestion 2: How could you help “I” in this caseout of the awkward situat

12、ion?Question 1: Why did I have 12 cups of tea?12Case 2. Have you had your lunch? / Where are you going?ChineseWesternersnormalA greetingoffendedAn invasion of privacy13II. Detailed Study1. Addressing PeopleDiscuss the differences in addressing people between English and Chinese cultures.Addressing P

13、eopleName order: He Xiangu Linda Smith*Smith *Miss Linda *Teacher He *Teacher Aunt Mary Uncle Joe Brother Joseph Sister AnneAddressing by title, office, profession: *Principal Morris *Manager Jackson *Bureau Director Wang Doctor Brown Mayor White Prof. Lessing Nurse Liu Captain Fan Colonel Yu15Decid

14、e the following addresses are right or not.He Xiangu Andrew LewisHe XianshengMr. LewisHe XianguAndrewXianguAndyGuLewisHe jingliMr. AndrewHe tongzhiTeacher LewisHe xiaozhangPrincipal LewisHe laoshiProfessor LewisHe yishengDoctor Lewis/ Doctor16How to address people?Acquaintance Mr. Ms. or Mrs. + surn

15、ameVIP Title + full name/ surname Ambassador大使 Doctor博士 Duke 公爵 Marquis or Marquess 侯爵 Count or Earl伯爵 Viscount子爵 Baron男爵 Stranger Mr. Madam (only use the word Sir if he is much older than you or you dont know his surname but he is a VIP)Young people Young man Young Lady Kid(s) Young Master(小王子) 17S

16、ummary of addressing peopleChineseEnglishFormal Relationship/ SituationSurname+TitleTitle+SurnameNeutral Relationship/SituationSurname+TitleTitle+SurnameGiven NameClose Relationship/Informal SituationGiven NameGiven Name18How to express fu +title? vice professordeputy assistantassociatedirectorpresi

17、dentmanagerPlease match the following two groups. 19Tips:行政頭銜 以“副”字的表示副職的行政職務(wù)頭銜，可用 vice、deputy 表達。在實際使用時究竟選用哪個，純屬搭配習(xí)慣。一般來說，vice與president、 premier、 chairman、 minister、 governor搭配；deputy與director、 chief、head 、secretary、dean、mayor搭配。似乎可以認為，Vice比Deputy的搭配級別要高。 學(xué)術(shù)頭銜 學(xué)術(shù)頭銜的“副”職稱，常用 associate 表示。如：副教授assoc

18、iate professor 副研究員 associate research fellow 副審判長 associate judge 副主任醫(yī)師associate doctor202. GreetingsGood morning/afternoon/ evening.How are you?How are things going?How are you getting on?How are things (with you)?Hows everything?Hows life?Hello.Hey. /Hi.Western expressions21Where are you going? 你

19、上哪去？Where have you been? 你去哪里啦？Have you had your meal? 吃過了嗎？Chinese expressions Its none of your business.3. Initiating Conversations and Conversation TopicThe problem often lies in:The predictability of the questionsWhere are you from? / Are you from America?How can I improve my English? The invasi

20、on of ones privacyHow old are you? Are you married? / Where is your husband or wife?How much do you earn? Little attention paid to the answers already given 22233. Initiating Conversations and Conversation Topic Age Money/Salary Health FamilyWhat topics should be avoided in initiating conversation?2

21、4Conversation topicsAcceptable to both Westerners and ChineseHobbiesHolidaysThe weatherA local or national eventJobsFilms/books254. Visiting Someone26Business visiting: arrange the time in advance come straight to the pointSocial visiting: more flexibleIm coming to see you this afternoon.(* Implicat

22、ion: “You must stay at home this afternoon because Im coming to see you.”)Can I come and see you this afternoon?27 I havent seen you for a long time. I was wondering whether I could come round to visit you sometime. Id like to come and see you sometime. Would you be free one afternoon next week? Mr.

23、 Zhang and I would like to come and visit you. Would it be convenient for us to come Wednesday evening?Some suitable expressions:28Advance noticeTake off the out-door clothing immediately, if not, they would consider you stay only a few minutes.Guests: taking off the coat, be asked to sit down the h

24、ost: may offer something to drink like tea or coffee Things to be mindedThings to be mindedIn the West Not drink tea or coffee, not give any Drink tea or coffee, drink it all; finish it, offer again In ChinaThe host(foreigner): offer a cup of teaThe Chinese: refuse out of politeness and want the hos

25、t to offer more times The host: not make more offerThe Chinese: not so hospitable ; accept the cup, not to drink it allThe host: feel offended29Food-offering differencesIf guests are invited for a mealChinese: prepare a very large number of dishesWesterns: tend to relate the meal size more accuratel

26、y to the peoples appetites Chinese: constantly put the best pieces of food on the visitors plateWesterns: leave the guest to help himself/ herself and do not keep urging him/her to eat moreIn China: acceptable to leave unwanted food on the plateIn the West : impolite 3031Video watchingWatch the vide

27、o and give your comment.325. Partings Question: What are the differences in parting between Chinese and English cultures?33The differences:Westerners: A couple of minutes small talk Well, its been lovely to see you again, but I must be going soon. I hope well be able to get together again before lon

28、gThank you for a lovely evening. I must not hold you any longer.See the guest to the door and say “Thank you for coming.”Chinese: abrupt leave-taking Im leaving now.For an important guest, see him/ her to the building gate, or even to the bus stop and say “請慢走”，“請走好”,“不遠送了”，“有空再來”. Sometimes not go

29、back until the guests is out of sight34III. Case studyCase 3. Sitting Down Case 5. Different Attitudes Toward a Fly in a BeerCase 6. Borrow Money and Lend Money Case 4. Li Hongzhangs EmbarrassmentCase 3. Sitting Down Whats the difference between western and Chinese cultures? Comment: Westerners usua

30、lly sit wherever the host points to or where they themselves like to sit, regardless of the kind of seats there might be, while choosing to sit in a less comfortable place is a sign of modesty in China. 3536Case 4. Li Hongzhangs EmbarrassmentQuestion 1: Could the Westerners understand theChinese mod

31、esty?Question 2: How could Li get rid of his embarrassment? 1. Could the Westerners understand the Chinese modesty? Comment: What Li said is just some formulaic polite expression common in type; almost all Chinese people know this and could hear that nearly everywhere. As far as the literary meaning

32、 is concerned, Lis words are inappropriate, but they do convey the meaning of respect. Here, the language form is different from its content, a phenomenon only found in the Eastern culture. 37 However, this case happened in America, and the audience was American. America is a country with highly val

33、ued individualism and they express themselves rather directly. They could not understand the Easterners over-modesty, for they tend to comprehend what they hear literally, and a clash was inevitable. 38 If one day, you entered an American company, and said, “My ability is limited”. Then, most likely

34、 you would be refused. A common response may be, “If you have limited ability, why should I hire you?” On the contrary, if you said how capable you were, he may hire you. So the reaction of the restaurant boss was nothing unusual. 392.How could Li get rid of his embarrassment?If Li Hongzhangs words

35、were changed into: “The cuisine kwzi:n(烹飪, 佳肴) of your country is really great. It is my great honor to have a chance to entertain you with them(貴國的菜肴真是好極了， 今天能有機會借花獻佛，不勝榮幸之至)”, then everyone would have been happy. 4041Case 5. Different Attitudes Toward a Fly in a BeerQuestion: What can be revealed

36、in the case?Comment: The case shows that social interactions may vary greatly owing to different cultural backgrounds. In this case, peoples different reactions toward a fly in a beer reveal not only their individual personality but also the orientation of their nations mainstream culture. 42Case 5.

37、 Different Attitudes Toward a Fly in a BeerFrench generosity Spanish ArabJapanesesarcasm arroganceseriousness humorcriticalness English American43Case 6. Borrow Money & Lend MoneyQuestion 1: If you were “I” in this case, how would you adjust yourself?Question 2: Whats the response of the the American if you are generous and say: “Dont mention it again. You dont have to pay me back.”44IV. SummaryAddressing PeopleGreetingsInitiating ConversationsVisiting SomeonePartingsUnit 2 The Keys to Exercises A. 1-5 T T T T F 6-10 F F F F T C. 1. soft in the head 發(fā)瘋的 2. reckless di