2021高中英語(yǔ)WheelsPeriodFourLesson4CarCulture學(xué)案含解析3

1、2020_2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit9WheelsPeriodFourLesson4CarCulture學(xué)案含解析北師大版必修32020_2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit9WheelsPeriodFourLesson4CarCulture學(xué)案含解析北師大版必修3PAGE 2020_2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit9WheelsPeriodFourLesson4CarCulture學(xué)案含解析北師大版必修3Unit 9 WheelsPeriod FourLesson 4Car Culture。重點(diǎn)單詞1highway n。 公路2pavement n. 人行道3crossroads n。 十字路口4am

2、ount n。 數(shù)量5figure n. 數(shù)字，數(shù)目6somehow adv。 以某種方式7whichever pron. 無論哪個(gè)8construction n. 建筑；建筑物construct v. 構(gòu)筑；建造constructive adj. 建造的；建設(shè)性的constructively adv。 建設(shè)性地9physical adj. 身體的；物質(zhì)的physically adv。 身體地；物質(zhì)地physics n. 物理10engine n. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，引擎engineer n. 工程師11addicted adj。 沉溺于的addict vt. 使沉溺，使沉迷12admit v. 承認(rèn),

3、供認(rèn)admission n。 準(zhǔn)許;承認(rèn)13occupy vt. 占用occupation n。 職業(yè)，工作14suit vt。 適合suitable adj. 合適的。核心短語(yǔ)1go_up上升2on_average 平均；通常3be_compared_with 與相比4stressed_out 焦慮不安；心力交瘁5pick_up 撿起；開車接人6be_addicted_to 對(duì)上癮7sit around 閑坐8have an effect on 對(duì)有影響9get stuck in 陷入中,困在中10so what 那又怎樣11keep fit 保持健康12around the corner

4、在拐角處；即將來臨13be related to 與有關(guān).經(jīng)典句式1形容詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry？有多少次我們?cè)跇O度焦慮、疲憊、惱怒的狀態(tài)下到達(dá)辦公室或?qū)W校？2while表示對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折On average, about forty people travel in one bus， while the same number occupy thirty。three cars.平均而言，大約40人乘坐一輛公共汽車，而同樣數(shù)量的人要占據(jù)33輛小轎車。3whether引

5、導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.上車前，考慮一下你是否真的需要那次行程。1.。ed常用于動(dòng)詞之后構(gòu)成形容詞，表示有生命的東西的狀態(tài)，意為“的addictaddicted 沉迷于的exciteexcited 感到興奮的disappointdisappointed 感到失望的inspireinspired 深受鼓舞的2“v.up”構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“上升；分裂”,在句中作謂語(yǔ)go_up 上升look_up 抬頭stand_up 起立；站起來 bre

6、ak_up 分裂；打碎課文預(yù)讀The Road to Destruction“This morning it took me forty minutes to get to work。 More road construction works on the A10！” “Oh really？ It took me over an hour。 There was an accident on the M11.”“Youre both lucky。 It took me two hours！ You dont have to use the M25?！盚ow often have you hear

7、d these conversations？ How often do we get stuck in traffic jams？ How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry? For many people in Britain， the answer is every day. But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the motor car。 Here are some figures：In the la

8、st ten years, the number of cars on the roads in Britain has gone up by 30%。There are now 25 million cars in this country.Over three thousand people die every year in road accidents in Britain。In London， car engines produce 99 of all carbon monoxide in the atmosphere.Twenty。five thousand deaths per

9、year are caused by air pollution.Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change. The average global temperature is about 0。5 degrees centigrade higher than it was 100 years ago.get to work 去上班It takes sb。 some time to do

10、sth。某人花時(shí)間做某事。construction/knstrkn/n. 建筑；建筑物under construction 在建造之中accident n. 事故by accident偶然，意外地get stuck in陷在中,卡住traffic jams 交通堵塞stressed out(使)焦慮不安，疲憊不堪stressed out， tired and angry為形容詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。compared to.。.意為“和相比”,過去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。motor/mt/adj. 機(jī)動(dòng)車輛的 n。 馬達(dá),發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)figure/f/n。 數(shù)字，數(shù)目the number of.。.的數(shù)量a num

11、ber of 一些，若干go up 上升by prep. 表示數(shù)量、程度over prep。 多于engine/endn/n. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，引擎engineer n。 工程師；技師engineering n。 工程學(xué)carbon monoxide/kbn mnksad/一氧化碳carbon dioxide 二氧化碳atmosphere n. 大氣；氣氛per/p/adj。 每，每一be related to 和有關(guān)cause n。 起因 vt。 引起average adj. 平均的 n. 平均水平；平均數(shù)centigrade/sentred/n. 攝氏（度）毀滅之路以上部分譯文“今天早上，我花了四

12、十分鐘去上班.A10公路上施工的地方又多了！”“噢，真的嗎？我用了一個(gè)多小時(shí)。M11公路上發(fā)生了一起交通事故?！薄澳銈儌z真幸運(yùn)。我用了兩個(gè)小時(shí)！你們都不必走M(jìn)25這條路。這樣的對(duì)話你多久聽到一次？我們有多少次遇到堵車？有多少次我們?cè)跇O度焦慮、疲憊、惱怒的狀態(tài)下到達(dá)辦公室或?qū)W校？對(duì)于許多英國(guó)人來說，答案是天天如此。但是比起汽車的實(shí)際代價(jià)，緊張和惱怒還是微不足道的。這里有一些數(shù)據(jù):在過去的10年里，英國(guó)路上行駛的汽車數(shù)量上升了30%.現(xiàn)在這個(gè)國(guó)家有2 500萬(wàn)輛汽車。英國(guó)每年有3 000多人死于車禍。倫敦大氣中99%的一氧化碳是由汽車的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生的。每年25 000人死于空氣污染。有些類型的癌癥和

13、交通污染有關(guān)系。交通是全球變暖、氣候變化的主要原因之一。全球平均溫度比100年前高大約0.5攝氏度。以上部分譯文既然我們知道汽車對(duì)我們不利，那么大家為什么還要繼續(xù)頻繁地使用汽車呢?我們會(huì)找出種種借口：“公共汽車讓人難以忍受。”“火車經(jīng)常晚點(diǎn)！”“我沒有時(shí)間步行。”我也是在說我自己。我承認(rèn)：我沉迷于汽車難以自拔。我曾向綠色和平組織的珍妮托沃討教怎樣放棄(汽車)，她告訴了我6條建議:1盡量步行。25%以上的車程不到兩英里-這樣短的路程步行或騎自行車都很容易.步行可以省錢,保持健康，并且有助于長(zhǎng)壽.經(jīng)常鍛煉可以降低50%的心臟病發(fā)病概率!2使用公共交通工具.平均而言，大約40人乘坐一輛公共汽車，而同

14、樣數(shù)量的人要占據(jù)33輛小轎車。有時(shí)乘公共交通工具可能會(huì)多花一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間，但是這又有什么關(guān)系呢？你可以在公共汽車或者火車上放松一下，讀書，和人聊天,或許你能遇見你生命中的摯愛誰(shuí)知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么事呢?3出門前仔細(xì)考慮。你真的不得不到城市另一邊的購(gòu)物中心去嗎?到附近商店購(gòu)物如何？上車前，認(rèn)真考慮一下你是否真的需要那次行程。4共用車.如果你真的需要用車，和別人開一輛車去.這樣更省錢，又更有益于保護(hù)環(huán)境.以上部分譯文5 不要相信廣告！幾乎四分之一的電視廣告和汽車有關(guān)。你會(huì)看見一位頗具吸引力的男士或女士開著車快速地行駛在風(fēng)景秀麗的鄉(xiāng)間。那不是真的!那輛新車不會(huì)使你更具吸引力。你也不會(huì)在空曠的鄉(xiāng)間公路上開車。你

15、會(huì)在城市里或高速公路上遭遇堵車！6 用某種方式采取行動(dòng)!我們常常以為自己對(duì)噪音、污染和交通危險(xiǎn)無能為力。其實(shí)不然。如果你居住的街道交通不暢，你可以和鄰居談?wù)?。給報(bào)社寫封信。去市政府申訴。請(qǐng)求限速.申請(qǐng)畫出斑馬線（步行區(qū)）.做上述任何一件適合你的事情都可以.不要只坐在那里抱怨！這些辦法都很簡(jiǎn)單，是不是?6種改善我們環(huán)境的簡(jiǎn)便易行的方法。遺憾的是，我必須在此停筆了.我4點(diǎn)鐘得去學(xué)校接女兒，然后開車去圣斯伯里購(gòu)物，接著還得送兒子去參加聚會(huì)。明天我們要開車去看望我的母親。交通肯定會(huì)很糟糕，但我們又有什么辦法呢?課文理解Task One:Fast reading。Judge the following

16、statements true (T) or false （F）1In Britain the number of cars in the last ten years has increased very quickly.(T)2The average global temperature 100 hundred years ago was about 0.5 degrees centigrade lower than it is today.(T）3Many people refuse to use cars because they think cars are bad for us。（

17、F)4You can always drive your new car on an empty country road.(F)5Human can do nothing about the noise， pollution and danger of traffic。(F)Task Two：Careful readingRead the text carefully and then choose the best answers according to the text。1The A10， the M11 and the M25 are _.AroadworksBroadsCtraff

18、ic cones答案：B2The reason for our being stressed out, tired and angry is _。Athat we often hear those conversationsBthe real cost of the motor carCgetting stuck in traffic jams答案:C3We carry on using our cars so much because _。Awe are addicted to our carsBwe know cars are bad for usCwe want to make ours

19、elves healthy答案：A4Jenny Trowe advises the writer not to _.Awalk or cycle in a short journeyBuse his car as often as possibleCtravel in buses答案：B5Which of the following best summaries the writers attitude to cars?AHe thinks cars have more advantages than disadvantages。BHe knows what he should do, but

20、 uses his car because it is convenient。CHe thinks it would be easy for all of us to use our cars less。答案：BTask Three：Micro writingRead the text carefully and fill in the following blanks。Take _1_ (act） somehow! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, _2_ （pollute) and danger of tr

21、affic. There is. If your streets full _3_ heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it。 Write to the papers。 Go to the city government. Ask for _4_ speed limit。 Ask for a pedestrian area。 Do _5_ （which) of these things that suit you。 Dont just sit _6_ and complain!All quite simple， isnt it？ Well,

22、 Im sorry I must _7_ （finish） this article。 Ive got to pick _8_ my daughter from school at four oclock. Then Ive got to drive to Sainsburys to do the shopping。 After _9_ I have to take my son to a party。 And tomorrow were driving over _10_ （see) my mother. The traffics going to be awful, but what ca

23、n we do?1action 2.pollution 3。of 4.a 5。whichever 6around 7。finish 8。up 9.that 10.to_see 1 eq avs4al(amount n。 數(shù)量 vt。 & vi. 合計(jì)；總計(jì))(教材P42)Amount of TV advertising.電視廣告的數(shù)量（1）large amounts ofa large amount of大量(修飾不可數(shù)名詞)in large/small amount 大量地/少量地(2)amount to 共計(jì)，合計(jì);相當(dāng)于注意：(1）amount構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)“大量的”修飾不可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)

24、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于amount的單復(fù)數(shù)。(2）amount指“量”，與不可數(shù)名詞連用；number指“數(shù)”,與可數(shù)名詞連用。即學(xué)即用(1）He owed me 50， but could only pay half that amount.他欠我五十英鎊,但只能還總數(shù)的一半。(2)English learning involves a large amount of memory work。學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)需要大量的記憶工作。(3)Borrowing money and not returning it amounts_to stealing。借錢不還等于偷竊。(4)A_large_amount_of f

25、ood and medicine was sent to the earthquakehit areas。大量的食物與藥品被送往地震災(zāi)區(qū)。（5)單句語(yǔ)法填空Large amounts of money were (be） saved by taking some measures。A large amount of money has_been (be） spent on the bridge so far。They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to a great deal。2 eq avs4al(figu

26、re n. 數(shù)字；人物;身材；圖形 vt。 計(jì)算；認(rèn)為)（教材P42)Here are some figures.。這里有一些數(shù)據(jù)(1）a good figure好身材a key figure 關(guān)鍵人物keep ones figure 保持體形（2)figure out 計(jì)算出;想出；理解figure on 指望；打算figure that.。 認(rèn)為即學(xué)即用(1）The above figure did not include workers。上面的數(shù)字沒有包括工人.(2）They are standing by the seated figure of Shakespeare。他們站在莎士比

27、亞雕像旁邊.（3)It took them about one month to figure_out how to start the equipment。他們花了大約1個(gè)月的時(shí)間才搞清楚如何啟動(dòng)設(shè)備。(4）He figured_on some help from his brother。他指望從他哥哥那里得到些幫助。（5）寫出下列句中figure的漢語(yǔ)意思My uncle has an income of seven figures a year。數(shù)字He has become a figure known to everyone。人物She does exercise every mor

28、ning to keep her figure。身材The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers.圖案We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait。認(rèn)為3 admit vt. 承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)；讓(允許）進(jìn)入；容納；接納(教材P43)I admit：Im addicted to my car。我承認(rèn)：我沉迷于汽車難以自拔。(1）admit （that）承認(rèn)admit (to） doing sth。 承認(rèn)做過admit sb. to/into 允許某人進(jìn)入；被錄取(2）admission

29、n. 承認(rèn)，供認(rèn);允許進(jìn)入/加入；錄取/允許進(jìn)入的人數(shù)；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)即學(xué)即用（1)Only 200 children were admitted to/into the school every year。那時(shí)每年只有200名兒童獲準(zhǔn)入學(xué)。（2）The theater admits 1,000 people.這個(gè)劇院可容納一千人。(3)Only when the teacher appeared did he admit his mistakes。當(dāng)老師來了以后,他才承認(rèn)了自己的錯(cuò)誤.（4）單句語(yǔ)法填空He is unwilling to admit being （be） jealous of hi

30、s brother.She admitted (admit） that she had stolen the bicycle。He was admitted to hospital suffering from burns.Sam has gained the admission （admit） to a famous university.4 eq avs4al(addicted adj。 沉溺于的）(教材P43）Im addicted to my car.我沉迷于汽車難以自拔。(1)be/become/get addicted to doing sth.對(duì)癡迷；沉溺于（2)addict v

31、t。 沉迷于;使上癮 n. （吸毒）成癮者;有癮的人addict oneself to sth。 沉迷于某物(3）addiction n。 癮，嗜好即學(xué)即用（1)I dont want to get addicted to stupid TV programmes.我不想對(duì)愚蠢的電視節(jié)目上癮.(2)The children of mothers who use cocaine are often born addicted to the drug。使用可卡因的母親的孩子通常天生就對(duì)毒品上癮。(3）My brother is a junk food addict。我弟弟就愛吃垃圾食品。（4）We

32、 must take some measures to deal with addiction to alcohol.我們必須采取措施解決酗酒成癮問題。（5）單句語(yǔ)法填空Many stars are addicted to drugs， and cant give up.The young man addicted himself (him） to alcohol after the failure of his marriage。Addicted to surfing (surf） the Net， the kid stayed in the net bar all night, not g

33、oing home.We are worried that you have an addiction (addict) to alcohol。eq o（sup1（5),sdo5(） occupy vt. 占領(lǐng)，占據(jù)；占用空間、面積、時(shí)間等；使忙于;使全神貫注于(教材P43)On average, about forty people travel in one bus， while the same number occupy thirty。three cars。平均而言，大約40人乘坐一輛公共汽車，而同樣數(shù)量的人要占據(jù)33輛小轎車。（1）occupy sb./sth。/oneself wi

34、th/in doing sth.使忙于(做)某事sb。 be occupied with/in doing sth. 某人忙于（做)某事keep sb。 occupied 使某人忙碌(2)occupation n. 居住;占據(jù)；工作；職業(yè)注意：表示“忙于做某事的短語(yǔ)還有:(1）be engaged in sth.（2)be busy with sth。/(in) doing sth.（3）be employed with/（in） doing sth。即學(xué)即用(1）The piano occupies a lot of space in his room。鋼琴占了他房間的很大空間。（2)She

35、 occupied herself with routine office tasks。她忙于辦公室的日常工作。（3)During the war, Germany occupied many countries, including France。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，德國(guó)占領(lǐng)了很多國(guó)家,包括法國(guó)。（4）單句語(yǔ)法填空A teacher should occupy himself (him) with education as well as in teaching.Occupied (occupy） in looking after three children at home, she no long

36、er has time to enjoy the various activities in the club.Please fill in the form stating your occupation (occupy)6 eq avs4al(somehow adv。 以某種方式)（教材P43）Take action somehow！以某種方式采取行動(dòng)!1somehow還可以表示“不知怎么地”之意。2somehow表示“以某種方式，不知怎么地”；anyhow或anyway表示“不管怎樣，無論如何,不論以何種方式”。即學(xué)即用（1)Somehow， I dont feel I can trus

37、t him.不知什么緣故，我覺得我不能信任他。(2）Somehow,_I cant believe his words。不知什么原因，我不相信他的話。（3)I am going anyway/anyhow,_no matter what you say。不管你怎么說，我都要去。（4）We must get the work finished somehow by tomorrow morning。我們必須設(shè)法在明天早上以前把工作做完。7 eq avs4al(suit vt。 適合 n。 西裝,套裝)（教材P43）Do whichever of these things that suit yo

38、u.做上述任何一件適合你的事情都可以。(1）suit.。to。.使適合于suit yourself 隨自己的意愿suit sb。 fine 很適合某人(2）suitable adj. 合適的，適合的be suitable for sb./sth. 適合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth。 適合做某事即學(xué)即用（1）Finding a time that suits everyone is a little difficult.找到一個(gè)適合每一個(gè)人的時(shí)間有點(diǎn)難。(2)He was a big man, smartly dressed in a suit and tie。他身材高

39、大，穿著西服打著領(lǐng)帶，非常帥氣。（3）This area is most suitable to grow wheat。這一帶最適宜種小麥。（4）單句語(yǔ)法填空He is better suited to a job with older people.You dont want to join the club? Oh well, suit yourself (you)The course is also suitable (suit) for those in the caring professions。Children are not suitable to_have (have） to

40、o high pillow.辨析比較fit表示大小、形狀、尺寸合適，引申為“吻合“協(xié)調(diào)”等suit強(qiáng)調(diào)款式、顏色等合適，還用于表示某時(shí)間、安排、條件、需要、口味、地位的合適match“與匹配，強(qiáng)調(diào)一物與另一物相配，多指顏色、款式、風(fēng)格等方面的搭配（go with）即學(xué)即用（5）選詞填空suit/fit/matchA good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils.Roses clothes and hat dont match。No dish suits all tastes.The coat is small. It doesn

41、t fit me。1 eq avs4al（compare to 和相比常作狀語(yǔ)）(教材P42）But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the motor car.但是比起汽車的實(shí)際代價(jià)，緊張和惱怒還是微不足道的.（1)compare A with/to B 把A和B相比較compare A to B 把A比喻成Bcompare with 與相比/匹敵(2)comparison n。 比較，對(duì)照by/in comparison （with.。) （與）相比較beyond comparison 無與倫比即學(xué)即用(

42、1)Mans life is often compared to a candle。人生常被喻為蠟燭。（2)Compare your answers with those at the back of the book to see if they are right。把你的答案同書后的答案對(duì)照一下，看看是否正確。（3）Compared_to 40 years ago,standards in health care have improved greatly.與40年前相比,衛(wèi)生保健水平得到了極大提高.（4）單句語(yǔ)法填空I compared the copy with the origina

43、l, but there was not much difference。We compare teachers to burning candles。Compared (compare) to/with other developed countries， China has a larger population。My handwriting doesnt compare with yours。2 eq avs4al(go up上升，建立起來;帷幕開啟,演出開始)(教材P42)In the last ten years, the number of cars on the roads in

44、 Britain has gone up by 30%。在過去十年中，英國(guó)道路上行駛的汽車數(shù)量增加了30。go away離開，走開go ahead 前進(jìn)go down 下降，下落go by 經(jīng)過，過去go against 反對(duì)，對(duì)(某人)不利，違背go over 復(fù)習(xí),檢查go through 瀏覽,翻閱go wrong 出毛病，發(fā)生故障go after 追趕，追求go with 與搭配go in for 對(duì)感興趣;參加(競(jìng)賽）;從事（某種工作)即學(xué)即用(1）The price of homes goes up and people from the area can not afford t

45、o buy a house there。住宅價(jià)格上漲，本地人買不起自家周圍的房子.(2)New buildings are going_up everywhere.到處矗立起新樓。（3）The police examined their car and allowed them to go_ahead.警方檢查了他們的車后允許他們前進(jìn)。(4）He would not go_against his parents wishes。他不會(huì)違背父母的意愿。（5)We are both going_after the same job.我們倆在謀求同一份工作。3 eq avs4al(on average

46、 通常;平均）（教材P43）On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirty.three cars.平均而言，大約40人乘坐一輛公共汽車,而同樣數(shù)量的人要占據(jù)33輛小轎車.（1)above/below average在一般水平以上/下；在平均數(shù)以上/以下on （an/the) average 通常，一般來說；按平均數(shù)計(jì)算an average of 平均為（接數(shù)詞)（2)average v. 平均是;平均為adj。 平均的即學(xué)即用（1）I sleep， on average，

47、 seven and a half hours every day。我每天平均睡眠時(shí)間有七個(gè)半小時(shí)。（2)The average age of the students is 19。學(xué)生的平均年齡是19歲。(3)This car averages 40 miles to the gallon.這輛汽車平均每加侖可行駛40英里。（4）His body height is well below_average.他的身高遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于平均水平。（5）單句語(yǔ)法填空He works hard and his schoolwork is well above average。We receive 20 lett

48、ers a day on average。They have an average of 14 years of work experience。eq o(sup1(1)，sdo5()）教材P42 How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out，tired and angry？有多少次我們極度焦慮、疲憊、惱怒地到達(dá)辦公室或?qū)W校？stressed out， tired and angry是形容詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)來說明主語(yǔ)的情況.形容詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，用于說明主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài),常表示伴隨情況，有時(shí)也表示原因、條件、讓步等。而且此種用法時(shí)

49、常由一個(gè)形容詞或連詞or連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列形容詞構(gòu)成。即學(xué)即用(1）Frightened， she asked me to go with her.由于害怕,她要我跟她一起去。（2）Ripe, these apples are very sweet。熟透時(shí)，這些蘋果是很甜的。(3)Crusoe stared at the footprint, full_of_fear?？唆斔鲀裳鄱⒅_印看，滿心恐懼。（4）For a moment she just stood there， unable_to_believe what had just happened.她在那兒呆呆地站了一會(huì)兒，不敢相信剛才發(fā)生的事情。(5)Last night， I lay in bed, awake.昨天晚上我躺在床上,沒睡著。（6）Right_or_wrong,_he can always make things worse.無論對(duì)還是錯(cuò),他總是把事情弄得更糟糕.eq o（sup1(2），sdo5(）)教材P43 On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirty