高考英語語法專題備考名詞性從句的知識

1、從句1. 名詞性從句2. 定語從句3. 狀語從句 下面從幾方面對名詞性從句做一個全面的復習。一、相關概念二、種類三、常見引導詞四、七大?？伎键c1.thatwhatwhich 2.it形式主語、賓語的用法3.語序問題 4.同位語從句和定從的區(qū)別5.whatwhatever6.ifwhether 一. 什么叫“名詞性從句”？名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞主語 His job is important.What he does is important.表語This is his job.This is what he does every day. 賓語 I dont like his job.I

2、dont like what he does every day.同位語 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.相關概念1.名詞：_2.名詞的句法作用：名詞在句中主要作_。另外還可以作_。3.名詞性從句： 在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當?shù)腳，由一個句子來充當,這個句子就叫:_。表示人或事物的名稱的詞主語,賓語,表語和同位語定語,狀語主 語、賓語、表語和同位語名詞性從句 名詞性從句主要起名詞所起的作用，它包括：二、 名詞性從句的種類名詞性從句Noun Clau

3、se主語從句Subject Clasuse主語從句同位語從句Appositive Clause同位語從句表語從句Predicative表語從句賓語從句Object Clause賓語從句判斷從句：1.找到關聯(lián)詞，2.判斷其位置，關聯(lián)詞在首位主語從句(it)關聯(lián)詞在以下詞后賓語從句(it) 及物動詞后 某些形容詞后如sure，certain，glad，surprised等 介詞后 3.關聯(lián)詞在be動詞后，系動詞后表語從句4. 關聯(lián)詞在某些抽象名詞后同位語從句 news，fact，idea，suggestion，promise， information，order，hope，truth，questi

4、onWho will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting. 主語從句賓語從句表語從句同位語從句（動詞、介詞、形容詞之后的賓從）三、引導名詞性從句的引導詞when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why, 連接詞連接代詞連接副詞that,if ，whether,what, whate

5、ver, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever(不充當從句的任何成分)主，賓，表，定狀語whowhomwhosewhatwherewhenwhyhowthatwhether充當成分，不可省略成分 不做在從句中作賓語， “誰”在從句中作主語，賓語， “誰”在從句中作定語， “誰的”作從句的主語或賓語，表語。 “所.的”在從句中作時間狀語， “的時候”，在從句中作原因狀語, “的原因”無意思,不可 省(賓語從句除外)不做成分,“是否”,不可省在從句中作方式狀語, “的方式,怎樣在從句中作地點狀語， “的地方”， 1._he sa

6、id has nothing to do with you.2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.4._ we can protect cultural relics needs to be discussed.WhatWhen/HowThatHow四、名詞性從句七大?？伎键c 1. _ he said it made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry.2. A modern city has been set

7、up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. whereThatWhat考點1：A. 連接詞： that 與 what 的區(qū)別 只起連接作用，無意義，在從句中不充當任何成分 既有連接作用， 又要在從句中作成分（ 主語，賓語， 表語）( 的東西;物;話;時間;地點;人物;數(shù)目等不同概念)解題技巧：判斷從句是否缺主賓表成份that: what: 1.After five hours drive, they reached _was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2._the

8、 earth is round is known to us all.3. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _was a dangerous speed. 4. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.B : what (什么) / which ( 表選擇, 哪一個) 1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18 o

9、r No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? whatwhichwhich1.他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。_ is a pity .2.他來不來不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that考點 2 ：it作形式主語,形式賓語的用法 it 作形式主語Whether he will come o

10、r not It is well known/reported/ thought/said that It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems that It happens that 1. _is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China. A. As B. That C. Which D.What 2. It is known to all_ Taiwan is only

11、part of China.A. as B. that C. if D. for 3. It was on Sunday _ I met him. A. that B.when C. what D.which （非限制性定語從句）（強調(diào)句）. it 作形式賓語(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to doI think it necessary that we take plenty of water every day.(2) it 指代后面從句所敘述的內(nèi)容，緊跟于以 下動詞后 ：like/dislike

12、/love/hate / appreciate/ make/depend on ?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make/depend on +it if /when從句1. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one2.You may depend on _ that you parents will help you whenever you need it. A.them B. yourself C. i

13、t D. me 考點3 語序問題1.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 2.You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news .A. how he was excitedB. how was he excitedC. how excited he wasD. he w

14、as how excited3.He asked_for a violin.A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 在名詞性從句中,除了關聯(lián)詞要提到句首之外,一律要用陳述句語序4.What time do you think _?will Besty come here B.Besty will come hereC.is Besty coming hereD.can Besty get here疑問詞+do you thinksuggestbelievesuppose

15、+陳述語序考點4 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以說明或解釋前面的名詞的內(nèi)容.定語從句：對先行詞起修飾限制作用The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .The news that we know from her excited all of us .

16、解釋說明；that在從句中不充當成分但是不能省。修飾限定；that在從句中充當成分、作賓語時可以省。同位語從句定語從句1.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value.2. The suggestion that he made is of great value.3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied.4.The fact that he told me excited me.同位語從句同位語從句定語從句定語從句注: 1. 同位語從句多用that 引

17、導2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引導同位語從句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did it.I have no idea what he did.考點5.選擇填空（what,whatever,who,whoever)1._ was said here must be kept secret.2. _we need is more time.3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law wil

18、l be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoever _等引導的名詞性從句不含有疑問意義，相當于名詞后加一個定語從句，而_等引導的名詞性從句都含有疑問意義。whoever, whateverWho, what 歸納who, whoever/what, whatever ?1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A.WhoB. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interest