2019年英語高考真題卷-全國II卷（含答案解析）

1、2019年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試全國II卷英語第一局部 聽力（共兩節(jié)，總分值30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每題1.5分，總分值7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項。聽完每 段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Exc

2、ited.C. Tired.How much will the man pay?A. $20.B. $80.C. $100.What does the man tell Jane to do?Postpone his appointment.Meet Mr. Douglas.Return at 3 oclock.Why would David quit his job?To go back to school.To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.第二節(jié)（共15小題海小題1.5分，總分值22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后

3、有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確 選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時 間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。What does the man want the woman to do?Check the cupboard.Clean the balcony.Buy an umbrella.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.Employer and employee.Shop a

4、ssistant and customer.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。Where did the woman go at the weekend?A. The city centre. B. The forest park.C. The mans home.How did the man spend his weekend?Packing for a move.Going out with Jenny.Looking for a new house.【答案分析】 根據(jù) After攵局部中的Its about two sisters Eri,a model who either wont

5、or cant stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student可知答案為 Co.D【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥?根據(jù)Gone Gi局部中的but the horror story is brilliant”可知答案為DoB體裁:記敘文題材:志愿者工作主題:志愿者工作的意義【文章大意】本文介紹作者自己參與并鼓勵他人參與志愿者工作的經(jīng)歷,論述了志愿者工作的獨特意 義。.C【命題意圖】 考查推理判斷?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)第一段第一句You can use me as a last resort（選擇）,and if nobody else volunteers

6、,then Iwill do it”和第二段中的the unwilling parent”可推斷，這位家長不想做志愿者工作。應(yīng)選Co.B【命題意圖】 考查詞義猜想?！敬鸢阜治觥可衔淖髡咛岬揭晃患议L不愿意做志愿者，但她認為只要進一步做些勸說工作,那位家長會同 意的。于是決定試著（用事例）去說服。下文作者便列舉了其他家長做志愿者時奉獻愛心的事例。在這一過 程中,那位先前不愿做志愿者的家長最后表示同意了。由此可知,tug at the heartstrings的意思是訴諸情感，即 用情感打動對方。26.D【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解。【答案分析根據(jù)第三段第三句中的the same parent ends

7、 up becoming an invaluable member of the team*1可知，這位家長最后成了一個好幫手。B【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解o【答案分析】 根據(jù)第四段中的Connecting to the community(社區(qū))as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good”很容易看出來，作者覺得做志愿者工作很快樂。 所以選B?！臼煸~生義】close(Para. 4, line 2)常用義:v.關(guān)閉adj,

8、親密的adv.靠近 文章義:.結(jié)束，終結(jié)例句:As 1999 drew to a close, the story was changing. 1999 年即將結(jié)束時，情況有了變化。難句分析 However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?(Para. 5)分析:if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句是由并列連詞and連接的并列句構(gòu)成;does it really matter where my motivation lies

9、是主句，其中的it是形式主語,where my motivation lies是主語從句，作真正的主語。譯文:然而,如果別人在這個過程中受益，而我也得到了一些獎勵,那么我的動機是什么真的重要嗎？C體裁:說明文 題材:社會生活 主題:用餐趨勢【文章大意】隨著技術(shù)的進步，單獨用餐在美國變得流行起來。B【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)第二段的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)可知，該段主要講美國人的用餐習慣。應(yīng)選B。.C【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解。【答案分析】根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句中的Todayjust wanted some time to myselF可知,Bechtel喜歡單獨外出吃飯因為她想有自己獨處

10、的時間。應(yīng)選C。.D【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥?根據(jù)第四段中的chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流)”可知,Mazoleny與barkeeper交流時可以直呼其名，可見他們之間是熟悉的。.A【命題意圖】考查主旨大意?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段中的“It doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all theadvances in technology”可知，本

11、文主要講單獨用餐的趨勢。D體裁:說明文題材:文化教育主題:開發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維【文章大意】本文介紹了美國一所中學與NASA合作的聯(lián)合科研工程，鼓勵學生開發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維，培養(yǎng) 實際生活技能。.A【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)第一段第二句The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably onsurfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week”可知，細菌彳艮難 被清除掉。應(yīng)選A。.D【命題意

12、圖】考查細節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治觥扛鶕?jù)第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms w汕 NASAengineers”可知,HUNCH工程的目的是把太空技術(shù)和學校教育結(jié)合起來。.A【命題意圖】考查細節(jié)理解?！敬鸢阜治龈鶕?jù)第三段中的“Engineers come and really do an in-person review.It飛 a hard business reviewof your product”可知,NASA的工程師們會檢查學生們的作品。.B【命題意圖】考查標題判斷?！敬鸢阜治觥勘疚闹v述的是美國一所中學與NASA

13、合作的聯(lián)合科研工程，讓學生完成與太空技術(shù)有關(guān)的 任務(wù)。B項與此內(nèi)容密切相關(guān)，應(yīng)選B?！倦y句分析Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.(Para. 4)分析:Gordon says是句子的主語和謂語,his students . in space是省略了連接詞that的賓語從句.readying a workable solution to test in space是賓語從句中的

14、伴隨狀語。譯文:戈登說，他的學生每天都在與美國航空航天局的工程師們就這個問題發(fā)電子郵件，為太空測試的可 行性方法做好準備。第二節(jié)體裁:說明文題材:社會生活 主題:如何保持動力來實現(xiàn)自己的目標【文章大意】沒有動力，你既無法設(shè)定目標，也無法實現(xiàn)目標。本文就如何保持動力來實現(xiàn)自己的目標提出了一些建議。.G 根據(jù)空前一句Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin可知,此處在講動力和設(shè)定 目標之間的關(guān)系，故G項”沒有動力,你既無法設(shè)定目標，也無法實現(xiàn)目標”符合語境。.B 第一段闡述了動力和設(shè)定目標之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合空后的Mo

15、re than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal”可知，空處與空后內(nèi)容形成遞進關(guān)系，故B項符合語境。.A空前講有時候你的心思并不在工作上，由此可知空處應(yīng)選A”這會影響你的工作”。.E根據(jù)空前一句中的“goals are flexible”可知，目標是可變動的，因此E項”它們可以根據(jù)情況發(fā)生改變”符 合語境。.C空前一句說你可能想當飛行員，但因為視力不好,你的目標不能實現(xiàn)。再結(jié)合空后一句中的“reassess your goals. set a fresh goal”可知，此處需要有一個表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的銜接，故C項符合語

16、境。第三局部語言知識運用第一節(jié)體裁:記敘文 題材:個人經(jīng)歷 主題:幫人找回寵物狗【文章大意】本文講述了一位男士幫助素不相識的人找回喪失的寵物狗的故事。4LC空后一句倒敘描寫Ehlers打獵時看到路邊有一條小狗，曾試著把它哄到近前，但未成功。由此可推知， 在返家的途中，他應(yīng)該是想起(thought) 了那條小狗。.B空后一句說Ehlers試著將小狗哄到跟前時,小狗很害怕。據(jù)此可推測,B項“瑟瑟發(fā)抖”可用于形容驚恐 的小狗。.A他曾嘗試(tried)把小狗哄到他身邊,但它感到害怕，跑開(run off)了。.D參見上題解析。.C 根據(jù)第三段第一句中的as lost in the local pap

17、er”可知,Ehlers很擔憂那只喪失的(lost)狗。.C 根據(jù)空后一句可知，此處表示四天后，他叫上朋友Greg,兩人一起開車回去(back)。.D此處指經(jīng)過長時間且仔細的尋找(search)。.A 根據(jù)第一段中的“ frightened”可知，那只狗正在謹慎地(cautiously)移動。.B根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，此處指小狗的緊張和害怕被高興(joy)所取代了。.B 由下一句中的“ad”可知，此處應(yīng)選Bo advertise”登廣告”。.B 根據(jù)下文Ehlers跟狗的主人取得了聯(lián)系可知，廣告上留有 (phone)號碼。.A 此處指Ehlers打 (called)給Jeff和Lisa,告訴他們他

18、已經(jīng)找到(found)了他們的狗。.C參見上題解析。.A 由下文中的the gun shots”可知Jeff當時帶著他的狗在愛荷華州打獵(hunted)。.D Jeff尋找他的狗Rosie無果。in vain是固定短語，意為“徒勞無益，白費力氣二.A很高興知道仍然有人非常關(guān)心(cares),不怕麻煩(trouble)。.B參見上題解析。.C 此處是Lisa在評價Ehlers為營救所做出的努力(effort)。.D Ehlers認為,喪失這只狗的主人很可能跟這只狗的關(guān)系很密切(close),就像他與他的狗之間的關(guān)系一樣。.D Ehlers表示“如果那是我的狗，我希望有人愿意(willing)為我

19、的狗多走一些路程。willing”愿意二第二節(jié)體裁:記敘文題材:人物介紹主題:90歲的英國女士獲得“年度女性獎”【文章大意】本文講述了一位90歲的英國女士因每周仍然堅持工作而獲得年度女性獎”的事跡。.being考查非謂語動詞。介詞for后應(yīng)該用也-ing形式，故填being。.which考查關(guān)系代詞。先行詞是the pet shop,非限制性定語從句中缺賓語，故填whicho【易錯點撥】由于先行詞the pet shop是地點名詞,所以有些考生會錯填whereo如果填where的話,where在定語從句中應(yīng)該作地點狀語。如:He opened a pet shop, where the nei

20、ghbors bought pets.finally考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞應(yīng)該用副詞，故填finallyo.declared考查動詞的時態(tài)。陳述過去發(fā)生的事需用一般過去時，故填declaredo.to retire考查非謂語動詞。不定式作名詞plans的后置定語，故填to retireo.have made考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)定語從句中的時間狀語over the years可知從句時態(tài)應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時, 故填 have madeo.but考查并列連詞。這是notbut搭配，表達”不是而是.”的意思。.saying考查非謂語動詞。在句中，接 是一個過去的動作，所跟隨的成分用于說明 的內(nèi)容,而非目

21、的。英語中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語常常具有補充說明的功能，故填saying。.a考查冠詞。此處表示“我們以為那是一個玩笑”，為泛指，且joke的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故填a。.wonderful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處該用形容詞作表語，故填wonderfulo【熟詞生義】late (Para. l,line 5)常用義:agad也遲，晚文章義:adj.已故的例句:My late husband left me nothing.我已故的丈夫什么也沒有為我留下。第四局部寫作 第一節(jié)短文改錯Since I was a kid, Ive considered different job I would like to

22、do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose jobsuniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my coolfifthEnglish teacher too much. When I studied chemistry A high school, I reconsidered my goal or very/soin atanddecided to be a doctor. They we

23、re two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amang at the fact that a Thereamazedsick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in wasneed.第一處:job-jobs?？疾槊~的單復(fù)數(shù)。job”工作”為可數(shù)名詞，其前的different說明此處為復(fù)數(shù)概念，故用job的復(fù)數(shù)形式，所以將job改為jobso第二處:coolly一

24、cool?？疾樾稳菰~。look在此是系動詞，其后接形容詞作表語。故將coolly改為cool。第三處fve一fifth?？疾閿?shù)詞。此處表達的是“我在讀五年級時”，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞。故將five改為fifth。第四處:too-very/so?？疾楦痹~。用副詞too修飾much既不符合英語的慣用表達法，也不符合本句的意義。此處應(yīng)使用very/soo第五處:high前加in/ato考查介詞。in/at high school是固定短語,在此作狀語。第六處:or-and?？疾椴⒘羞B詞。兩個分句之間為順承關(guān)系,并非選擇關(guān)系，故將or改為and。第七處:They一There?？疾閠here be句型。此處為th

25、ere be句型，是”（存在）有”的意思。第八處:amazingamazed?？疾樾稳菰~。amazing意為”令人驚訝的”，常用來說明物;amazed意為”（感至U）驚訝的”，常用來說明人。根據(jù)語境，此處需將amazing改為amazed0第九處:刪除moreo考查形容詞的比擬級。better已是形容詞的比擬級淇前不用再加more,故刪除more。第十處:is-was。考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語境,時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去時，故將is改為was。第二節(jié)書面表達【寫作思路】 題目要求給隊友寫一封電子郵件，通知近期將參加比賽。第一和第二個內(nèi)容要點是重 點，也是難點，需要把它們寫得具體。考生如果能把比賽的時間、

26、地點、對手、賽前準備、考前須知以及期 待寫清楚,就符合寫作要求了?！痉段馁p讀】Dear Chris,Are you excited about our coming volleyball game against Yucai Middle School next Friday? Here Id like to inform you of some detailed information so that you can make full preparations for it.First and foremost, the competition to be held in our scho

27、ol stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours. So significant is the game that it is required that everyone should present themselves punctually. Further, it is necessary for you to take a good rest, which will provide enough energy for you. To sum up, I wish you could live up to the ex

28、pectations of our school. And I firmly believe hard work will pay off!Looking forward to our victory!Yours truly,Li Hua【一句多譯】表達方式一:Now I will give you an introduction to the game with a view to making you fully prepare for it. 表達方式二:Now ril keep you informed of some detailed information to help you

29、fully prepare for it.表達方式一:To begin with, the competition will be held in our school stadium, lasting for about 3 hours from 2 pm to 5 pm.表達方式二:First of all, the competition is scheduled to take place in our school stadium, beginning at 2 pm and ending at 5 pm.What will the woman do for the man?Take

30、 Henry to hospital.Stay with his kid.Look after his pet.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。What is Mr. Stone doing now?Eating lunch.Having a meeting.Writing a diary.Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?To discuss a program.To make a travel plan.To ask for sick leave.When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?A

31、. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。What are the speakers talking about?A. A company.B. An interview.C. A job offer.Who is Monica Stansfield?A junior specialist.A department manager.A sales assistant.When will the man hear from the woman?A. On Tuesday.B. On Wednesday.C. On Thursday.聽第

32、10段材料，回答第17至20題。What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors.C. Painting pictures.What did John do after he moved to the US?He did business.He studied biology.He worked on a farm.Why did John go hunting?A. For food.B. For pleasure.C. For money.What is the subject

33、 of Johns works?A. American birds. B. Natural scenery.C. Family life.第二局部 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每題2分，總分值30分）閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項。My Favourite BooksJo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系歹U） of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.M

34、atildaRoald DahlI once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation fbr his strange and delightful worlds. Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but theyre also

35、 aspirational.After DarkHaruki MurakamiIts about two sisters Eri, a model who either wont or cant stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse Hnight people1 who are hiding secrets.Gone GirlGillian FlynnT

36、here was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle fbr your trust. Its a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise whats going on is horribly enjoyabl

37、e.The StandStephen KingThis is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the worlds population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.Who does 2 refer to

38、 in the text?A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.C. Jo Usmar.D. Roald Dahl.Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?A. Cosmopolitan.B. Matilda.C. After Dark.D. The Stand.What kind of book is Gone Girl?A. A folk tale.B. A biography.C. A love story.D. A horror story.BnYou can use me as a last res

39、ort（選擇），and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it. This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers fbr my kids lacrosse（長曲棍球）club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She m

40、ay just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on. At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, Alright. Yes, Til do it.”Im secretly relieved

41、because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is

42、able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That

43、relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社 區(qū))as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.Tn that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish

44、 act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?A. She knows little about the club.She isnt good at sports.She just doesnt want to

45、volunteer.D. Shes unable to meet her schedule.What does the underlined phrase tug at the heartstrings in paragraph 2 mean?Encourage teamwork.Appeal to feelings.Promote good deeds.D. Provide advice.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?She gets interested in lacrosse.She is proud of her

46、 kids.C. Shell work for another season.D. She becomes a good helper.Why does the author like doing volunteer work?It gives her a sense of duty.It makes her very happy.C. It enables her to work hard.D. It brings her material rewards.CMarian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beachs Bar Louie counter by hersel

47、f, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtels me time. And like more Americans, shes not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half

48、 (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.nI prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has l

49、unch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. Today, I just wanted some time to myself, nshe said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazolen

50、y, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流).“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week/ he said. It

51、s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.*That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us comp

52、any at the table. nIt doesnt feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology/ said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?Food variety.Eating habits.Table manners.Restaurant service.Why does Bechtel prefer

53、 to go out for lunch?A. To meet with her coworkers.To catch up with her work.To have some time on her own.To collect data for her report.What do we know about Mazoleny?A. He makes videos for the bar.B. Hes fond of the food at the bar.C. He interviews customers at the bar.D. Hes familiar with the bar

54、keeper.What is the text mainly about?The trend of having meals alone.The importance of self-reflection.The stress from working overtime.The advantage of wireless technology.DBacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the

55、 International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon an

56、d Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution（解決方案）.”We dont g

57、ive the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers/* says Florence Gold, a project manager.There are no tests/ Gordon says. HThere is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than Are you working towards your goal?9 Basically, ifs Tve got to produce this product an

58、d then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA/ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and. its not a very nice thing at times. Its a hard business review of your product.nGordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影響）on college admissions and practical life skills. nThese kids are s

59、o absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dont teach.n And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. 32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?The

60、y are hard to get rid of.They lead to air pollution.They appear in different forms.They damage the instruments.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?To strengthen teacher-student relationships.To sharpen students communication skills.To allow students to experience zero gravity.To link space tech