2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2部分人與社會主題群3歷史社會與文化主題語境2對社會有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物教案

1、2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2部分人與社會主題群3歷史社會與文化主題語境2對社會有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物教師用書教案2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2部分人與社會主題群3歷史社會與文化主題語境2對社會有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物教師用書教案PAGE 2022版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)第2部分人與社會主題群3歷史社會與文化主題語境2對社會有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物教師用書教案主題語境（二)對社會有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物閱讀理解A（2018浙江卷A)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born， there were 66 novels published in Britain。 People had be

2、en writing novels for a century most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719 - but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam。powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy （識字) rate in England was under 50. Many works of fiction appeared without the names o

3、f the authors， often with something like “By a lady.” Novels, for the most part， were looked upon as silly， immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication

4、 of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim - were held up as moral touchstones。 Today Dickens greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon（名人堂） of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa。How did Di

5、ckens get to the top？ For all the feelings readers attach to stories， literature is a numbers game， and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass。 Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age， from 1837 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half dozen of them. It

6、s partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social， political and scientific progress. But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center。 No one will ever know what mix of talen

7、t，ambition,energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture - to understand how he made himself a lasting one?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了英國著名作家查爾斯狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英國文學(xué)中的地位的。1Which of the following b

8、est describes British novels in the 18th century?AThey were difficult to understand。BThey were popular among the rich.CThey were seen as nearly worthless.DThey were written mostly by women.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Novels， for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad。可知，那時印刷技術(shù)落后，人們

9、識字率低，很多作品上沒有作者名字,小說被認(rèn)為是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透頂?shù)?。故選C項。2Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress _。Ahis reputation in FranceBhis interest in modern artChis success in publicationDhis importance in literatureD推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂） of English literature would ma

10、ke about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.”可知,把他從英國文學(xué)的名人堂移除就跟盧浮宮廉價出售蒙娜麗莎的感覺一樣，可見狄更斯在英國文學(xué)史上的重要性，由此可推知D項正確。3What is the authors purpose in writing the text？ATo remember a great writer.BTo introduce an English novel.CTo encourage studies on culture.DTo promote values of the Victori

11、an age.A寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文中對查爾斯狄更斯及其作品在英國小說史上重要性的介紹和文章最后一句可知,本文寫于查爾斯狄更斯誕辰200周年前夕，由此可知作者寫本文是為了紀(jì)念查爾斯狄更斯這位偉大的作家。B（2016全國卷A）You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below， who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 yea

12、rs？Jane Addams (18601935）Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank。 Addams helped the poor and worked for peace。 She encouraged a sense of community(社區(qū)） by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first Am

13、erican woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize。Rachel Carson （19071964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes

14、and oceans。Sandra Day OConnor (1930present）When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952， she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator （參議員） and， in 1981， the first woman to join the U。 S. Supreme Court. OCon

15、nor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks （19132005）On December 1， 1955, in Montgomery， Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger。 Her simple act landed Parks in prison。 But it also set off the Montgomery bus

16、 boycott。 It lasted for more than a year， and kicked off the civil。rights movement。 “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in，” said Parks.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了不同領(lǐng)域的四位女性先驅(qū)。4What is Jane Addams noted for in history？AHer social work.BHer teaching skills。CHer efforts to win a prize.DHer community ba

17、ckground.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jane Addams下的第一句話“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank?！?任何一個受到社會工作者幫助的人都要感謝Jane Addams)可知,在歷史上，Jane Addams因她的社會工作而出名，與A項相符.5What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm？AHer lack of proper training in law。BHer little work e

18、xperience in court。CThe discrimination against women.DThe poor financial conditions。C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Sandra Day OConnor下的第一句“When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School 。.?！笨芍?她沒能在法律事務(wù)所找到工作，是因為她是一名女性，這與C項“對于女性的歧視相符，故選C項.6Who made a great contribution to the civilrights movemen

19、t in the US。？AJane Addams.BRachel Carson.CSandra Day OConnor。DRosa Parks.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Rosa Parks下的“。. it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year， and kicked off the civilrights movement.可知，它導(dǎo)致了蒙哥馬利巴士抵制運動，這場運動持續(xù)了一年多，開始了民權(quán)運動，故選D項。7What can we infer about the women mentioned

20、 in the text?AThey are highly educated.BThey are truly creative。CThey are pioneers.DThey are peace.lovers.C推理判斷題。通讀全文可知這四位女性都是各自領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)者，都在各自領(lǐng)域作出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)，故選C項。完形填空（2017浙江卷)Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 1 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 2 var

21、ious matters all over the world。 When the war was near， Alia was 3 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 4 to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language new books， ancient books， 5 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked th

22、e government for 6 to move the books to a 7 place, but they refused。 So Alia took matters into her own hands. 8 ， she brought books home every night， 9 her car late after work。 Her friends came to 10 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 11 to hide some books。 All through the 12 ，

23、Alia， Anis， his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 13 them over the seven.foot wall and 14 them in the restaurant。 The books stayed hidden as the war 15 . Then nine days later, a fire burned the 16 to the ground。One day， the bombing stopped and the 17 left. But the war was not

24、over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe， they must be 18 again while the city was 19 . So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs （郊區(qū)）。 Now Alia waited for the war to end and 20 peace and a new library.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了在戰(zhàn)火中，艾麗婭貝克和身邊的人勇敢地保護(hù)書籍的

25、故事。1A。meetingBworkingCpersonalDreligiousA根據(jù)下文可知，愛書人士經(jīng)常到艾麗婭的圖書館看書、分享知識,對于這些人來說，該圖書館是一個聚會處，故選meeting。2A。raisedBhandled CreportedDdiscussedD結(jié)合語境可知，他們在這里討論全世界各種各樣的事情，故選discussed。3A。worriedBangry CdoubtfulDcuriousA根據(jù)上文提到的戰(zhàn)爭即將來臨,以及下文提到的艾麗婭和身邊的人保護(hù)圖書館書籍的內(nèi)容可知，此處指艾麗婭很擔(dān)心書籍在戰(zhàn)火中被毀掉，故選worried。4A。practicalBpreciou

26、sCreliableDexpensiveB根據(jù)語境及下文的“mountains of gold”可知,艾麗婭認(rèn)為這些書比金山還要珍貴，故選precious。5A。thenBstill CevenDratherC空處上下文在語義上表示遞進(jìn),指甚至（even)還有700年前的有關(guān)伊拉克歷史的書籍.6A。permissionBconfirmationCexplanationDinformationA根據(jù)語境可知，她希望得到政府的允許（permission）把書搬到安全的（safe）地方，但他們拒絕了。ask sb.for permission表示“請求某人的許可”,符合語境。7A.largeBpub

27、lic CdistantDsafeD參見上題解析。8A。FortunatelyBSurprisinglyCSeriouslyDSecretlyD根據(jù)語境可知，每晚很晚下班后,艾麗婭偷偷地把書帶回家。secretly“秘密地，偷偷地，符合語境。9A。startingBparking CfillingDtestingC根據(jù)上下文語境及空后的“her car”可知，艾麗婭把書裝到她的汽車?yán)镞\回家。10A.stopBhelp CwarnDrescueB根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后,她的朋友們也趕來幫助（help）她。11A.intendedBpretendedChappenedDagreedD根據(jù)下

28、文可知,安尼斯同意把一些書藏在自己的餐館里，agree to do 。 表示“同意做”.12A。warBnight CbuildingDwayB根據(jù)語境可知，他們整晚都在從圖書館里搬書,這也照應(yīng)了上文中的“every night”。13A。putBopened CpassedDthrewC根據(jù)上下文可知,他們要把書遞過(passed)7英尺的高墻，并把它們藏在(hide）餐館里。14A.hidBexchanged CburntDdistributedA參見上題解析。15A。approachedBeruptedCcontinuedDendedC根據(jù)語境及上文中的“the war broke ou

29、t”可知,戰(zhàn)爭還在繼續(xù)（continued）.16A。restaurantBlibraryCcityDwallB根據(jù)語境及下文中的“a new library”可知，圖書館被全部焚毀了，故選library。17A。neighboursBsoldiersCfriendsDcustomersB一天，轟炸停止了，士兵們也離開了，所以選soldiers.18A.soldBread CsavedDmovedD根據(jù)下文可知,艾麗婭知道，盡管城市是安靜的(quiet)，如果要想這些書安全，他們必須把這些書再轉(zhuǎn)移(moved）出去。19A。occupiedBbombed CquietDbusyC參見上題解析.

30、20A。dreamed ofBbelieved inCcared aboutDlooked forA根據(jù)語境可知，艾麗婭等待著戰(zhàn)爭的結(jié)束，夢想著（擁有)和平和一個新圖書館.語法填空（2019全國卷)A 90year。old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 1。_(be) Britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesf

31、ield， 2._ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3._(final） been acknowledged after a customer nominated（提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 4._(declare） she had no plans 5。_（retire） from her 36。year。old busine

32、ss. Irene said, “I dont see any reason to give up work。 I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6。_（make） over the years。 I work not because I have to， 7._ because I want to?！盙randdaughter Gayle Parks， 31who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as

33、to who nominated Irene for the award。 She said， “We dont have any idea who put grandma forward。 When we got a call 8._(say） she was short。listed， we thought it was 9。_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its 10._（wonder)”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。介紹了一位90歲的英國

34、女性仍然堅持每周工作40個小時而獲得“年度女性獎”的事跡.語篇以積極工作為切入點，宣揚(yáng)勞動精神，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生培養(yǎng)勞動意識.1being考查非謂語動詞。介詞for后跟動詞時,要用其動名詞形式.2which考查非限制性定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，逗號后是非限制性定語從句，the pet shop是先行詞，定語從句中缺少opened的賓語，故用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。3finally考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞acknowledge.4declared考查時態(tài).分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主句中缺少謂語動詞；結(jié)合后面的had可知,此處應(yīng)使用一般過去時.5to retire考查非謂語動詞。此處用不定式短語

35、作plans的后置定語，表示“她沒有退休的計劃 。6have made考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)空格后的時間狀語over the years可知，句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時。7but考查連詞.not.。but。.不是而是。句意：我工作不是因為我必須工作，而是因為我想工作。8saying考查非謂語動詞。say與前面的a call之間是主動關(guān)系，故填saying，現(xiàn)在分詞短語saying.。.作后置定語，修飾a call。9a考查冠詞。joke“笑話,玩笑” ，是可數(shù)名詞.空格后用了單數(shù)joke，故其前用a。10wonderful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（名詞變形容詞).系動詞is后面跟形容詞作表語。wonder對應(yīng)的形容詞是w

36、onderful.。寫出所給單詞的漢語意思1professionally adv。 專業(yè)地2fiction n。 小說；虛構(gòu)出來的事3mourn v. 哀痛;哀悼4beloved adj. 被喜愛的5readership n. 讀者人數(shù);讀者群6touchstone n. 試金石7unchallenged adj. 不成問題的8distinguished adj。 杰出的；卓越的9anniversary n. 周年紀(jì)念（日）10shelter n。 遮蔽物;棲身之地11deciding adj。 起決定作用的12boycott n。 聯(lián)合抵制13background n。 背景14discri

37、mination n。 歧視15religious adj. 宗教的16confirmation n. 證實;確認(rèn)17distribute v. 分配；分發(fā)18customer n. 顧客19short。listed adj。 列入入圍名單的。根據(jù)所給漢語寫出英文單詞1social adj. 社會的2energy n. 能量;活力3movement n。 運動4practical adj。 實用的5precious adj. 珍貴的6achievement n. 成就7official adj。 官方的；正式的。根據(jù)所給提示寫出派生單詞1moral adj。 道德的immoral adj. 非

38、道德的2publish v. 出版publication n. 出版publisher n。 出版商3politics n。 政治political adj. 政治的4science n. 科學(xué)scientific adj。 科學(xué)的5pollute v. 污染pollution n。 污染6harm n. & v。 傷害harmful adj。 有害的7rely v。 信賴reliable adj. 可靠的；可信賴的8explain v. 解釋explanation n. 解釋9wonder n. 奇跡；驚奇wonderful adj. 極好的;精彩的。根據(jù)所給漢語寫出慣用習(xí)語1for_the

39、_most_part 大部分;多半2be_looked_upon_as 被看作3set_off 引燃；引起4break_out 爆發(fā)5burn_._to_the_ground 把燒成平地即時演練單句語法填空1In fact， smoking is a bad habit, which is harmful(harm） to peoples health.2If you drop a lighted cigarette in the wood， you could set off a big fire。3His first book was_published（publish） last yea

40、r and it turned out to be a best。seller。4He is not a reliable(rely) person， for he never carries out his promises。5Summers in the south of France are for the most part dry and sunny.6Many people in the village fell ill because of drinking the polluted(pollute) water. 7Even in his late years of life，

41、 the old man is still doing scientific（science) research。8Several houses have been burned to the ground when the blaze is put out.9The high official was forced to resign because of his immoral（moral） conduct.。熟詞生義(寫出句中黑體詞的漢語意思）1Novels， for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just pl

42、ain bad. 完全;簡直2In 1870， when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved， who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim were held up as moral touchstones。 驟

43、增3Her simple act landed Parks in prison。 使陷入。似易實難（將句中黑體詞部分譯成漢語）1Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress。 譯文狄更斯的寫作風(fēng)格吸引了來自各行各業(yè)的讀者，這在一定程度上來說是正確的;部分原因是他的著作掀起了社會、政治和科學(xué)進(jìn)步

44、的浪潮。2But then we got an official letter and we were blown away.譯文但是后來我們收到了一封公函，令我們大為驚訝。.復(fù)雜晦澀(分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并譯成漢語)1In 1870， when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher， famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readers

45、hip and whose characters from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim - were held up as moral touchstones。 分析本句是一個復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher是主句，who和whose分別引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞first professional writer and publisher。譯文1870年狄更斯去世，全世界都沉痛悼念這個世界上第一位職業(yè)作家和出版商，他聲名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng)

46、而且受人愛戴，他使小說的出版數(shù)量和讀者人數(shù)急劇增加,他小說中的主人公-從奧利弗_特維斯特到小蒂姆-被視為道德的試金石。2But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible and important for our own culture to understand how he made himself a lasting one.分析本句是一個復(fù)合句.要注意as引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，而主句中 and important for our own culture是插入語。譯文但是在狄更斯200周年誕辰之際，我

47、們自己的文化有可能,也需要去弄明白他永恒歷史的原因。3When the war was near, Alia was worried that the fires of war would destroy the books， which are more precious to her than mountains of gold. 分析本句是一個復(fù)合句。When the war was near是when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，that the fires of war would destroy the books是was worried的賓語從句，which are more precio

48、us to her than mountains of gold是非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞the books.譯文戰(zhàn)爭臨近時，艾麗婭很擔(dān)心戰(zhàn)火會毀了這些書，對她來說，這些書比金山還要珍貴。4Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award。分析本句是一個復(fù)合句。who works alongside her in the family business為非限制性

49、定語從句修飾先行詞Granddaughter Gayle Parks，said后是省略that的賓語從句，who nominated Irene for the award作as to的賓語。譯文31歲的孫女蓋爾帕克斯與艾琳一起在自己家的寵物店里工作.她說,至于誰提名艾琳獲獎，目前尚不得而知。1remove v。 遷移,搬遷；脫掉，摘掉；開除；消除一詞多義寫出下列句中remove的含義Some of them are being removed and some are being put into museums. 遷移，搬遷It is a custom among the Japanese

50、 to remove their footwear before entering a house。 脫掉,摘掉As far as I know， three children were removed from school for bad behaviour. 開除remove .。. from .。 把從移開remove from .。 to .。. 從搬遷到remove sb. from school/office 開除/免職某人remove poverty and injustice 消除貧窮和不公be removed from office 被罷免職務(wù)with the misund

51、erstanding removed 隨著誤解被消除基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)-單句語法填空Teenagers shouldnt be_removed（remove) from school although they dont do well in studies。Will you please remove your handbag from the seat?The misunderstanding being_removed（remove） the two boy made up again.能力提升完成句子由于空氣污染嚴(yán)重，這家人決定從城市搬到鄉(xiāng)下。Because of the serious air

52、 pollution， the family decided to remove_from_the_ city_to_the_countryside.2sense n。 感覺;意義 v. 感覺到（1）a sense of. 的感覺in a sense 在某一方面;就某種意義來講in no sense 決不（位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝）(2）make sense有意義；有道理；講得通，可理解make sense of 了解的意義；懂得(3）It makes sense to do sth。 做某事是有意義的There is no sense in （doing) sth. 做某事是沒有道理/意義

53、的.have a good sense of humour 很有幽默感g(shù)ive me a sense of great achievement 給我巨大的成就感try to make sense of what was going on outside 努力弄清外面出了什么事基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Only those who have a sense of responsibility can hold such an important position.Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense of it.There

54、is no sense in pretending to know what you actually dont know。能力提升一句多譯抱怨是沒有意義的，我們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該采取行動了。It doesnt_make_sense to complain。 We should take action now.There_is_no_sense in complaining. We should take action now。3mix v。 使混合；使結(jié)合；相融合(1）mix 。. with/and 。 把和混合mix with sb. 與某人交往mix up 混合，摻和;混淆（2)mixed adj

55、. 混合的mixture n. 混合物mix red paint with yellow paint to make orange paint 把紅色和黃色涂料混合成橙色涂料get mixed up in a fight with another player 卷進(jìn)了與另一位球員的斗毆a mixture of Chinese tradition with western style 中國傳統(tǒng)與西方風(fēng)格的融合基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空He is famous for mixing Chinese musical traditions with/and western forms and instrum

56、entation.He looked at her with a mixture（mix) of amusement and happiness。I must admit that I have mixed（mix) feelings about my new deskmate.能力提升完成句子我認(rèn)為保持年輕的秘訣就是與年輕人交往。I think the secret of staying young is to_mix_with younger people。4danger n. 危險;危險的人或物(1)in danger 處于危險之中in danger of 有的危險out of dang

57、er 脫離危險(2）dangerous adj。危險的endanger v. 危及；危害；使遭受危險endangered adj。 瀕危的a danger to the public 對大眾來說是個危險in danger of losing his job 他有失去工作的危險stop illegal trade in endangered animals 阻止瀕危動物的非法交易基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空People who drink and drive are a danger both to themselves and to others。Tigers are dangerous（danger

58、） to man， but they are in danger of dying out now。The operation was a success and she is now out of danger。能力提升-一句多譯確實到了我們采取措施保護(hù)瀕危動物的時候了。Its time for us to_take_measures_to_protect_endangered_animals。Its time that we_took_measures_to_protect_endangered_animals。5pretend v。 假裝；佯作pretendeq blcrc （avs4a

59、lco1（to ben。/adj. 假裝是，to do sth。假裝做某事,to be doing sth。假裝正在做某事,to have done sth.假裝已經(jīng)做過某事，that.。假裝）)pretend to be angry 假裝生氣pretend to be doing his homework 他假裝正在做作業(yè)pretend to have known the answer to the problem 假裝已經(jīng)知道了那道題的答案基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空If you pretend to_know（know) what you dont know， youll only make a

60、 fool of yourself。He pretended to_be_reading (read) an important paper when the boss came in。The boy pretended nothing had_happened(happen) after breaking the window.能力提升-完成句子他們很快就識破了那個騙子，那人偽裝成該領(lǐng)域的一個專家。It didnt take long for them to see through the cheat， who_pretended_to_be_an_ expert_in_this_area。