藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)

1、藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第1頁(yè)清潔五種基礎(chǔ)原因 Sinners Circle Five Cleaning Basis FactorsMECHANICALACTION機(jī)械作用TEMPERATURE溫 度CHEMICALACTION化學(xué)作用TIME時(shí)間PROCEDURE藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第2頁(yè)清潔其它原因Extended Sinners Circle Cleaning FactorsMECHANICALACTION機(jī)械作用TEMPERATURE溫度CHEMICALACTION化學(xué)作用TIME時(shí)間 HEALTH & SAFETYPROCEDUREENVIRONMENT藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第

2、3頁(yè)選擇清潔劑五種原因Five Factors污垢特征水質(zhì)量需要清潔表面清潔方法對(duì)環(huán)境關(guān)注藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第4頁(yè)污垢種類Nature of Soils肉眼可察見(jiàn)處理方法: 使用正確清潔劑不能用肉眼察見(jiàn) (細(xì)菌)處理方法: 使用正確消毒劑藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第5頁(yè)食品飲料制造業(yè)污垢分類Classification of Soils油脂蛋白質(zhì)碳水化合物礦物鹽藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第6頁(yè)Fat Removal 去除油脂 68O 90.5O 113O 135.5O 158OCF水清潔劑 溫度藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第7頁(yè)油脂F(xiàn)ats乳化 (Emulsification): - 表面活性劑 (Surfactant

3、)分散 (Dispersion): 堿 (Alkali)皂化 (Saponification): - 強(qiáng)堿 (Strong Alkali)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第8頁(yè)蛋白質(zhì)Protein堿或酸 Alkaline or Acid溶解蛋白質(zhì)氧化劑 Oxidizing Agent水解蛋白質(zhì) Hydrolyze proteins酶 Enzyme (蛋白酶 Protease)催化水解蛋白質(zhì)過(guò)程藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第9頁(yè)酪素 Casein蛋白質(zhì)溶解速度Solubility of Protein藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第10頁(yè)碳水化合物Carbohydrates糖 Sugars可溶于溫水淀粉 Starches堿性或酸性

4、清潔劑淀粉酶 (Amylase)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第11頁(yè)礦物鹽Mineral Salts來(lái)自食物及水 - 奶石 (milk-stone), 啤酒石 (beer-stone)可溶于普通酸螯合 (Chelates) 最正確溶解劑預(yù)防水垢形成 - 水處理劑藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第12頁(yè)清潔溶液Cleaning Solution清潔劑水藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第13頁(yè)常見(jiàn)水中雜質(zhì)Typical Impurities in Water藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第14頁(yè)水硬度Water Hardness是水最主要化學(xué)特質(zhì)零時(shí)性硬度碳酸鈣或碳酸鎂遇熱加速形成水垢遇堿加速形成水垢永久性硬度氯化鈣或氯化鎂, 硫化鈣或硫化鎂加熱

5、后更穩(wěn)定遇堿加速水硬度與水垢形成藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第15頁(yè)水硬度Water HardnessCalcium Carbonate CaCO3U.S. Geological SurveyGrains perGallonPPMSoft 軟水0 - 3.50 - 60Moderately Hard中度3.5 - 7.060 - 120Hard 硬7.0 - 10.5120 - 180Very Hard 非常硬Over 10.5Over 18017.1 ppm Ca CO3 = 1 gpgHardness 硬度藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第16頁(yè)酸堿度pH介乎中性: pH 6.5 - pH 8.5普通酸性或堿性清

6、潔劑均不受水酸堿度所影響藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第17頁(yè)礦物及其它雜質(zhì)Minerals and Other Impurities鐵和鎂 Iron and manganese引致污點(diǎn)氧化物混合產(chǎn)生沉淀微生物 Microorganisms藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第18頁(yè)清潔/消毒應(yīng)使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水Suggested Water StandardsCleaning/Sanitizing Applications濁度 Turbidity顏色 Color氣味 Taste/Odor總可溶性固形物 Total Dissolved Solids硬度 Hardness as CaCO3堿度 Alkalinity as CaCO3

7、 pH含鐵量 Iron含鎂量 Manganese含銅量 Copper氯化物 Chlorides硫化物 Sulfates硅 Silica有機(jī)物 Microorganisms標(biāo)準(zhǔn)平均計(jì)數(shù) Standard Plate Count大腸菌 Coliforms球菌 Psychrotropes1-105-10低5002502506-80.30.1220020015無(wú)病原體 Pathogen free少于 500 cfu/ml.少于 1 cfu/100 ml.少于 20 cfu/ml.原因 指標(biāo) (mg/L)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第19頁(yè)需要清潔表面Surface/Material to be Cleaned不

8、銹鋼 Stainless Steel鋁 Aluminum銅 Copper and brass生鐵 Mild steel非金屬表面 Nonmetallicsurfaces表面性質(zhì) Nature of Surface光滑性 Smoothness易受腐蝕性 Corrosion藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第20頁(yè)清潔方法Methods of ApplicationTypical Cleaning Solutions藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第21頁(yè)清洗方法Method of Application需考慮原因:員工所接觸皮膚接觸及對(duì)空氣污染手洗清潔:介乎 pH 4 -10.5高壓噴洗式清潔泡沫式清潔機(jī)械式清潔 (CIP)

9、藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第22頁(yè)環(huán)境保護(hù) Environmental全部污水排放前必需先預(yù)先處理必需先中和或降低水酸堿度, 以降低對(duì)環(huán)境污染含磷量 (Phosphates)控制污水中 BOD 或 COD 藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第23頁(yè)清潔化學(xué)原理Chemistry of Cleaning清潔劑成份 Detergent Components表面活性劑 (Surfactants)主要成份 Builders:堿 Alkaline Builders酸 Acid Builders酶 Enzymes水處理劑 Water Conditioners氧化劑 Oxidizing Agents填充劑 Fillers其它添加劑

10、 Miscellaneous Additives藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第24頁(yè)清潔化學(xué)原理Chemistry of Cleaning清潔劑與污垢所產(chǎn)生物理作用改變其溶解特征清潔劑與污垢所產(chǎn)生化學(xué)作用使污垢變成易溶于水物質(zhì)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第25頁(yè)表面活性劑 (Surfactant)疏水性 Hydrophobic親水性 Hydrophilic藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第26頁(yè)滲透作用 Wetting Penetration只用水:形成水珠 水 + 表面活性劑:潤(rùn)濕表面污垢 罅隙污垢藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第27頁(yè)乳化表面活性劑Emulsification Surfactants油脂肪表面活性劑藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第

11、28頁(yè)表面活性劑 Surfactants提供三種作用:滲透乳化懸浮藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第29頁(yè)表面活性劑Surfactants-+-+陰離子陽(yáng)離子非離子兩性:陰性 陽(yáng)性中性陰離子陽(yáng)離子 堿性 酸性 藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第30頁(yè)泡沫抑制劑 Defoamers70OF 90OF 110OF 130OF 150OF低泡沫量臨界點(diǎn) 高藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第31頁(yè)綜合成份Builders能增加清潔力物質(zhì)堿性酸性酶水處理劑氧化劑藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第32頁(yè)排斥作用Charge Repulsion堿性成份Alkaline Builders污垢污垢污垢污垢污垢污垢藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第33頁(yè)堿性成份Alkaline B

12、uilders堿性起源:苛性鈉 (Caustic soda)氫氧化鉀 (Caustic potash)三磷酸鹽 (Trisodium phosphate)碳酸鉀及碳酸鈉 (Sodium and potassium carbonate)硅酸鹽 (Silicates)胺 (Amines)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第34頁(yè)堿度量度Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide堿性起源 Equivalent Sodium Oxide Na2O Total Active苛性堿 氫氧化鈉 Sodium Hydroxide0.760.75 氫氧化鉀 Potassium Hydroxide0.490.48偏硅酸

13、鈉 Sodium Metasilicate0.500.47碳酸鈉 Sodium Carbonate0.570.28三磷酸鈉 Sodium Tripolyphosphate0.180.05藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第35頁(yè)酸性成份Acid Builders食品 /飲料用以去除或預(yù)防污垢形成, 比如: 奶石或啤酒石磷酸 (Phosphoric acid)硝酸 (Nitric acid)有機(jī)酸 (Organic acids)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第36頁(yè)酶Enzyme一個(gè)蛋白質(zhì)催化劑或分子, 能加速整個(gè)化學(xué)作用污垢蛋白質(zhì)脂肪碳水化合物酶蛋白酶 (Protease)脂肪酶 (Lipase)淀粉酶 (Amylase

14、)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第37頁(yè)酶蛋白質(zhì)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第38頁(yè)水處理劑Water Conditioners用以處理水中雜質(zhì)多價(jià)螯合劑 (Sequestering agents)與鎂鈣離子螯合比如: 磷酸鹽螯合劑 (Chelates) - 或形成可溶于水合成物 - 比如: 乙二胺三醋酸 (EDTA), 葡糖 酸鈉 (Sodium Gluconates) 藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第39頁(yè)氧化劑Oxidizing Agents用以加強(qiáng)堿清潔能力 - 次氯酸鈉 (Sodium Hypochlorite) - 高硼酸鈉 (Sodium Perborate)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第40頁(yè)填充劑Fillers增加容量

15、及重量加入清潔劑中稀釋, 以降低危險(xiǎn)性降低成本液體產(chǎn)品: 水是最普遍填充劑粉裝產(chǎn)品: 鹽是最普遍填充劑藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第41頁(yè)其它成份Miscellaneous Ingredients防腐劑 (Corrosion inhibitors)溶劑 (Solvents)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第42頁(yè)堿性清潔劑Alkaline Detergents性能對(duì)照表 Comparative AbilityA - 最正確 ExcellentB - 良好 GoodC - 無(wú)效能 No AbilityD - 負(fù)效能 Negative Performance基礎(chǔ)堿BasicAlkalis復(fù)合磷酸鹽ComplexPhosp

16、hates有機(jī)物質(zhì)OrganicMaterials藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第43頁(yè)酸性清潔劑Acid Detergents性能對(duì)照表 Comparative Ability無(wú)機(jī)礦物酸 MineralAcids有機(jī)酸OrganicAcidsA - 最正確 ExcellentB - 良好 GoodC -無(wú)效能 No AbilityD -負(fù)效能 Negative Performance藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第44頁(yè)明智選擇Making The Right Choice消毒劑Sanitizers藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第45頁(yè)為何要使用消毒劑Why Do We Sanitize?保障產(chǎn)品安全保障產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量 - 延長(zhǎng)保留

17、期恪守政府法例藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第46頁(yè)消毒過(guò)程能確保產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量及安全Sanitation ProtectsProduct Quality & Safety藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第47頁(yè)正確選擇益處Benefits of “Making The Right Choice”良好口碑降低財(cái)務(wù)損失合乎法規(guī)準(zhǔn)則滿足用戶及照料食品安全帶來(lái)利潤(rùn)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第48頁(yè)微生物種類Types of Microorganisms螺旋菌Spiral Bacteria球菌Cocci Bacteria桿菌Rod-Shaped Bacteria霉菌Molds酵母Yeast藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第49頁(yè)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第50頁(yè)

18、常見(jiàn)詞匯Sterilant / Sterilize徹底殺滅全部活微生物包含細(xì)菌孢子,細(xì)菌, 病毒及真菌高溫及化學(xué)處理于特定情況下最為有效主要用于醫(yī)學(xué)界及試驗(yàn)室藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第51頁(yè)常見(jiàn)詞匯Disinfectant / Disinfect去除100%可繁殖細(xì)胞不能殺滅全部細(xì)菌孢子廣為醫(yī)院所采取常見(jiàn)于泳池和食水消毒藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第52頁(yè)常見(jiàn)詞匯Sanitizer / Sanitize降低微生物污染程度 (99.999%)可分為兩類:無(wú)需過(guò)水消毒劑, 用于接觸食物表面 (No-rinse food contact surface sanitizer)非接觸食物表面消毒劑 (Non-food

19、contact surface sanitizer)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第53頁(yè)接觸食物表面消毒劑Food Contact Surface SanitizerAOAC Germicidal Detergent Sanitizer Test25oC 99 ml 配制殺菌液 加 1 ml大腸菌或葡萄球菌(最少含細(xì)胞 7.5 x 107 /ml)30秒接觸時(shí)間中和 1 ml存活細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù)所需效率在30秒 25oC 殺滅率為 99.999%01530藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第54頁(yè)United States Environmental Protection Agency有效去除微生物證實(shí)資料 產(chǎn)品化學(xué)成份 毒理

20、學(xué)資料 標(biāo)簽及技術(shù)上資料EPAFIFRAFederal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act注冊(cè)消毒劑Sanitizer Registration藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第55頁(yè)EPA Reg. No. 1677-58藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第56頁(yè)Food and Drug Administration - FDA藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第57頁(yè)U.S. Departmentof Agriculture - USDA藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第58頁(yè)Health Canada / Canadian Agriculture Food Safety藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第59頁(yè)

21、DIRECTIONS FOR USE:It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling.藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第60頁(yè)使用準(zhǔn)則Usage RestrictionsKey Points: Potable Water 自來(lái)水稀釋后即時(shí)使用 - 非循環(huán)再用準(zhǔn)確濃度不能過(guò)低 - 效力受質(zhì)疑不能過(guò)高 - 違反法例藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第61頁(yè)NOTE: FOR MECHANICAL OPERATIONS prepared use solutions may not be

22、reused for sanitizing but may be reused for other purposes such as cleaning.FOR MANUAL OPERATIONS fresh sanitizing solutions should be prepared at least daily or more often if the solution becomes diluted or soiled.藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第62頁(yè)獲FDA同意無(wú)需過(guò)水消毒劑(1998)FDA Approved No-Rinse Food Contact Surface Sanitizers

23、“ 氯” (Chlorine)二氧化氯 (Chlorine dioxide / mixture of oxychloro species)“ 碘” 消毒劑 (Iodophors)“ 季銨 ” (Quaternary ammonium compounds)酸性陰離子消毒劑 (Acid-anionic sanitizers)羧酸消毒劑 (Carboxylic acid sanitizers)過(guò)氧醋酸 (Peroxy acid compounds)酚 (Phenolic)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第63頁(yè)氯氣Chlorine Gas氯氣 (Chlorine Gas)次氯酸鈉,次氯酸鈣,次氯酸鋰(Sodium

24、, calcium, lithium hypochlorites)粉狀有機(jī)氯性起源: 最高濃度 - 200 ppm available chlorine藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第64頁(yè) NaOCl + H2O HOCl + NaOH Ca(OCl)2 + 2H2O 2HOCl + Ca(OH)2 Cl2 + H2O HOCl + H+ + Cl-“ 氯 ” 于液體化學(xué)作用Chemistry of Chlorinein Solution藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第65頁(yè) “ 氯 ” 優(yōu)點(diǎn)Chlorine Advantages用途廣泛能抵受硬水于低溫下仍有高效能較為經(jīng)濟(jì)不留殘余物/不會(huì)形成水垢100%50%0%

25、HOCI Activity4 5 6 7 8 9 10pH藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第66頁(yè) “ 氯 ” 缺點(diǎn)Chlorine Disadvantages可能形成有毒氯氣腐蝕性刺激性不穩(wěn)定 - 保留期短可能形成有毒副產(chǎn)品, Trihalomethane Compounds (THMs)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第67頁(yè)“ 碘” 消毒劑 Iodophors碘 (Iodine) + 表面活性劑 ( Surfactant) + 酸 (Acid)最高濃度 - 25 ppm藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第68頁(yè) “ 碘” 消毒劑優(yōu)點(diǎn)Iodophors Advantages用途廣泛較“ 氯” 溫和低毒有效酸堿度較“ “氯” 廣泛 -

26、 pH 2-8腐蝕性較“ 氯” 低穩(wěn)定 - 保留期長(zhǎng)顏色輕易識(shí)別藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第69頁(yè)酸堿度對(duì)“ 碘” 消毒劑影響Effect of pH on Iodophor SanitizersNote: I2 是最有活性形態(tài)pH4610Chemical SpeciesI2IO-, HIOI3-, IO3-, I-Color顏色混濁Amber澄清ClearActivity 活性 有活性Active無(wú)活性Inactive藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第70頁(yè) “ 碘” 消毒劑缺點(diǎn)Iodophors Disadvantages沾污非光滑表面及膠制物質(zhì)對(duì)噬菌體作用較低于低溫下不能發(fā)揮效能高溫下會(huì)造成腐蝕性不能加熱至攝

27、氏120度當(dāng)使用CIP時(shí), 可能引致過(guò)多泡沫較“ 氯” 昂貴氣味藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第71頁(yè)“ 季銨”QuaternaryAmmonium ChlorideCompoundsFDA 所允許于食物接觸表面，無(wú)需過(guò)水之消毒濃度 - 200 ppm藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第72頁(yè) “ 季銨” 優(yōu)點(diǎn)Quaternary Ammonium Chloride Compound Advantages無(wú)毒, 無(wú)嗅, 無(wú)色不含腐蝕性溫度穩(wěn)定對(duì)有機(jī)污垢有較穩(wěn)定效能用途廣泛有較長(zhǎng)殘效期有清潔及滲透污垢能力穩(wěn)定 - 保留期長(zhǎng)控制霉菌具辟味功效藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第73頁(yè)“ 季銨” 缺點(diǎn)Quaternary Ammonium C

28、hloride Compound Disadvantages不可與陰離子滲透劑一起使用抵受硬水能力低于低溫下只能發(fā)揮有限效能于機(jī)械式操作下會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量泡沫殺菌能力隨配方不一樣而有差異藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第74頁(yè)酸性陰離子Acid Anionics陰離子表面活性劑 (Anionic Surfactants) + 酸 (Acid)雙重作用:消毒及酸性過(guò)水 (sanitize & acid rinse)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第75頁(yè)酸性陰離子優(yōu)點(diǎn)Acid AnionicsAdvantages穩(wěn)定 - 保留期較長(zhǎng)普通不含腐蝕性無(wú)染色副作用較少難聞氣味不受硬水影響去除及控制礦物質(zhì)形成水垢對(duì)噬菌體有良好反應(yīng)藝康清

29、洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第76頁(yè)酸性陰離子缺點(diǎn)Acid AnionicsDisadvantages高成本對(duì)酸堿度敏感，(理想酸堿度 pH2 - 3)有限殺菌力不能殺滅酵母及霉菌潛在腐蝕性 (當(dāng)水質(zhì)含過(guò)高氯化物)高泡沫刺激皮膚受陽(yáng)離子表面活性劑抑制藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第77頁(yè)羧酸 Carboxylic Acid脂肪酸 (Fatty acids) + 有機(jī)酸(organic acids) + 礦物酸 (mineral acid)雙重作用:消毒及酸性過(guò)水 sanitize & acid rinse低泡藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第78頁(yè)羧酸優(yōu)點(diǎn) Carboxylic Acid Advantages用于 CIP 清潔時(shí)，泡沫

30、較少?gòu)V泛控制細(xì)菌活動(dòng)穩(wěn)定 - 保留期較長(zhǎng)不受硬水影響去除及控制礦物質(zhì)形成水垢無(wú)染色副作用藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第79頁(yè)羧酸缺點(diǎn)Carboxylic Acid Disadvantages不能完全控制真菌對(duì)酸堿度敏感 - 理想酸堿度 55oC潛在腐蝕性，需依據(jù)器材、物料使用而定藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第80頁(yè)熱水Hot WaterPMO (Pasteurized Milk Ordinance) - 最少攝氏170度 , 5 分鐘IDF (International Dairy Federation) - 最少攝氏185度 , 15 分鐘結(jié)合 “ 時(shí)間 ” 和 “ 溫度” 是熱水消毒 (Hot Water S

31、anitizing)最主要一環(huán)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第81頁(yè)熱水優(yōu)點(diǎn)Hot Water Advantages經(jīng)濟(jì)輕易供給廣泛殺菌能力不含腐蝕性滲透藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第82頁(yè)熱水缺點(diǎn)Hot Water Disadvantages過(guò)程遲緩形成水垢損害器材凝聚水點(diǎn)不安全成本高 (能源, 器材, 水處理)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第83頁(yè)二氧化氯優(yōu)點(diǎn)Chlorine Dioxide - CIO2 Advantages氧化力強(qiáng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)較“ 氯” 能抵受有機(jī)物質(zhì)對(duì)不銹鋼腐蝕性較低對(duì)酸堿度敏感性較低藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第84頁(yè)二氧化氯缺點(diǎn)Chlorine Dioxide - CIO2Disadvantages不安全有點(diǎn)毒

32、性對(duì)光及熱敏感成本高藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第85頁(yè)臭氧優(yōu)點(diǎn)Ozone - O3 Advantages強(qiáng)烈氧化氣體廣泛控制細(xì)菌活動(dòng)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第86頁(yè)臭氧缺點(diǎn)Ozone - O3 Disadvantages不穩(wěn)定對(duì)酸堿度敏感對(duì)溫度敏感安全問(wèn)題有毒成本高腐蝕性藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第87頁(yè)紫外光優(yōu)點(diǎn)Ultraviolet - UV Advantages不受酸堿度及溫度影響不會(huì)留下味道及氣味低毒性藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第88頁(yè)紫外光缺點(diǎn)Ultraviolet - UV Disadvantages滲透力低安全問(wèn)題細(xì)菌重新滋生受外在原因影響成本高藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第89頁(yè)過(guò)氧化物 PeroxyCompound

33、sH2O2CH2COOHHHHHCCOOO+HydrogenPeroxideAceticAcidPeroxyacetic Acid藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第90頁(yè)過(guò)氧醋酸消毒劑Peroxyacetic Acid SanitizerOne of the Most Effective Sanitizers Against BiofilmsA conductance-based surface disinfection test for food hygiene.Letters in Applied Microbiology. 1990. 11, 255-259.Conclusion: The perac

34、ids were the most effective of the compounds tested against organisms present as biofilms.Effect of Cleaners and Sanitizers on Listeria monocytogenes Attached to Product Contact Surfaces.Journal of Food Protection. 1992. Vol. 55, No. 4, 246-251Conclusion: The most effective sanitizers against attach

35、ed cells on varioussurfaces included OXONIA ACTIVE.Control of Biofilms in Breweries Through Cleaning and Sanitizing.MBAA Technical Quarterly. 1992. Vol 29, 86-88.Conclusion: Peracetic acid sanitizer provided the greatest reduction in viable biofilm bacteria after a 2 minute contact time.The followin

36、g are articles from scientific journals that indicateperoxyacetic acid sanitizers are most effective in controlling biofilms:藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第91頁(yè)過(guò)氧醋酸消毒劑Peroxyacetic Acid SanitizerOne of the Most Effective Sanitizers Against BiofilmsBiofilms and their consequences, with particular reference to hygiene in th

37、e food industry.Journal of Applied Bacteriology. 1993. 75, 499-511.Conclusion: The most effective of the products tested on biofilms was peracetic acid.Scientific Status Summary: Microbial Attachment And Biofilm Formation: A New Problem For The Food Industry. Food Technology. 1994. Vol. 48, No. 7, 1

38、07-114.Biofims & Disinfection Development of a Microorganism Carrier-Surface Method.Sciences Des Aliments. 1992. Vol. 12, 721-728. The following are articles from scientific journals that indicateperoxyacetic acid sanitizers are most effective in controlling biofilms:藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第92頁(yè)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第93頁(yè)過(guò)氧醋酸優(yōu)點(diǎn)

39、Peroxyacetic Acid Advantages低泡適合任何溫度結(jié)合消毒及酸性過(guò)水不留殘余物質(zhì)不會(huì)腐蝕不銹鋼及鋁較能抵受有機(jī)污垢不含磷環(huán)境保護(hù)殺菌力廣泛能于酸堿值達(dá)7.5發(fā)揮消毒效能藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第94頁(yè)過(guò)氧醋酸 - 環(huán)境保護(hù)Peroxyacetic Acid, Environmentally Responsible過(guò)氧醋酸 (Peroxyacetic Acid)和過(guò)氧化氫 (Hydrogen Peroxide)分解 水 (Water)氧 (Oxygen)醋酸 (Acetic Acid)(Vinegar)藝康清洗與消毒培訓(xùn)第95頁(yè)溫度對(duì)消毒劑效能影響Effect of Temperatureon Sanitizer Efficacy過(guò)氧酸 vs. 酸性消毒劑酸堿度對(duì)消毒劑效能影響Effect of pH onSanitizer Efficacy過(guò)氧酸 vs.酸性消毒劑葡萄球菌 Staphylococcus aureus大腸菌 Escherichia coli 3.0 pH 5.0 40oF 70oF51LOG REDUCTIONSLOG REDUCTIONS51過(guò)氧酸 酸 過(guò)氧酸 酸 過(guò)氧酸 酸 過(guò)氧酸 酸 Acid藝