2024屆高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)?wù)Z法填空時(shí)政專題課件

ThomasPerlmann,secretaryoftheKarolinskaInstituteNobelCommitteeandNobelAssembly,announcesKatalinKarikoandDrewWeissmanaslaureatesofthisyear'sNobelPrizeinMedicineduringapressconference,inStockholm,Sweden,Oct2,2023.[Photo/Agencies]STOCKHOLM-Twoscientists,KatalinKarikoandDrewWeissman,wonthe2023NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinefortheirdiscoveries

1.___________(concern)

nucleosidebasemodifications,theNobelCommitteeannouncedonMonday.Throughtheirgroundbreakingfindings,2._________

havefundamentallychangedtheunderstandingofhowmRNAinteractswiththehumanimmunesystem,thelaureatescontributedtotheunprecedentedrateofvaccinedevelopmentduringoneofthegreatest3._________(threat)

tohumanhealthinmoderntimes,thecommitteesaidinastatement.“Through4.______(they)

discoveriesthatbasemodificationsbothreducedinflammatoryresponses5._______

increasedproteinproduction,KarikoandWeissmanhadeliminatedcriticalobstacleson

thewaytoclinicalapplicationsofmRNA,”thestatementsaid.“Theimpressive6.________(flexible)

andspeedwithwhichmRNAvaccinescanbedevelopedpavetheway7.______

usingthenewplatformalsoforvaccinesagainstotherinfectiousdiseases,”thestatementadded,stressingtheprospectsforthetechnologytobeusedtodelivertherapeuticproteinsandtreatsomecancertypes.ThomasPerlmann,secretaryoftheNobelCommitteeforPhysiologyorMedicine,announcedthewinnersattheKarolinskaInstitute.Hesaidbothscientistshadreceivedthenews.Karikoexpressedbeing“sooverwhelmed”andWeissmansaidhewas“8.________(enormous)

gratefultoreceivetheprize,”Perlmannsaid.Bornin1955inSzolnok,Hungary,KarikoreceivedherPh.DfromtheUniversityofSzegedin1982.Since2021,shehasbeenaprofessorattheUniversityofSzegedand9._________

adjunctprofessoratthePerelmanSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Weissman,bornin1959inMassachusetts,theUnitedStates,10.______(receive)

hisMD-Ph.DdegreefromBostonUniversityin1987.HeistheRobertsFamilyProfessorinVaccineResearchandservesasthedirectorofthePennInstituteforRNAInnovationsattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Theprizeamountis11millionSwedishkronor($1million)andwillbesharedequallybetweenthetwolaureates.北京時(shí)間10月5日19:00，2023年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)揭曉：挪威作家約恩·福瑟（JonFosse）獲獎(jiǎng)，因其創(chuàng)新性的戲劇和散文表達(dá)了無(wú)法言說(shuō)的心聲。（forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable）gotosb/sthgoto無(wú)人不知，無(wú)人不曉。但今天我們要揭開(kāi)它的另一面。眾多媒體報(bào)道諾貝爾把某獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)頒給誰(shuí)時(shí)，多用了

award

一詞。STOCKHOLM-Twoscientists,KatalinKarikoandDrewWeissman,wonthe2023NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinefortheirdiscoveries

1.___________(concern)

nucleosidebasemodifications,theNobelCommitteeannouncedonMonday.1.concerning斯德哥爾摩

-

諾貝爾委員會(huì)周一宣布，兩位科學(xué)家KatalinKariko和DrewWeissman因其關(guān)于核苷堿基修飾的發(fā)現(xiàn)而獲得了2023年諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。Throughtheirgroundbreakingfindings,2._________

havefundamentallychangedtheunderstandingofhowmRNAinteractswiththehumanimmunesystem,thelaureatescontributedtotheunprecedentedrateofvaccinedevelopmentduringoneofthegreatest3._________(threat)

tohumanhealthinmoderntimes,thecommitteesaidinastatement.2.which3.threats該委員會(huì)在一份聲明中說(shuō)，通過(guò)他們的突破性發(fā)現(xiàn)，從根本上改變了對(duì)mRNA如何與人體免疫系統(tǒng)相互作用的理解，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咴诂F(xiàn)代人類健康面臨的最大威脅之一期間為前所未有的疫苗開(kāi)發(fā)速度做出了貢獻(xiàn)?！癟hrough4.______(they)

discoveriesthatbasemodificationsbothreducedinflammatoryresponses5._______

increasedproteinproduction,KarikoandWeissmanhadeliminatedcriticalobstacleson

thewaytoclinicalapplicationsofmRNA,”thestatementsaid.4.their5.and“通過(guò)他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)，堿基修飾既減少了炎癥反應(yīng)，又增加了蛋白質(zhì)的產(chǎn)生，Kariko和Weissman消除了mRNA臨床應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵障礙，”聲明說(shuō)?！癟heimpressive6.________(flexible)

andspeedwithwhichmRNAvaccinescanbedevelopedpavetheway7.______

usingthenewplatformalsoforvaccinesagainstotherinfectiousdiseases,”thestatementadded,stressingtheprospectsforthetechnologytobeusedtodelivertherapeuticproteinsandtreatsomecancertypes.6.flexibility7.for“開(kāi)發(fā)mRNA疫苗的令人印象深刻的靈活性和速度為使用新平臺(tái)也用于其他傳染病疫苗鋪平了道路，”聲明補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了該技術(shù)用于提供治療性蛋白質(zhì)和治療某些癌癥類型的前景。ThomasPerlmann,secretaryoftheNobelCommitteeforPhysiologyorMedicine,announcedthewinnersattheKarolinskaInstitute.Hesaidbothscientistshadreceivedthenews.諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)委員會(huì)秘書托馬斯·珀?duì)柭═homasPerlmann）在卡羅林斯卡學(xué)院宣布了獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。他說(shuō)，兩位科學(xué)家都收到了這個(gè)消息。Karikoexpressedbeing“sooverwhelmed”andWeissmansaidhewas“8.________(enormous)

gratefultoreceivetheprize,”Perlmannsaid.8.enormously帕爾曼說(shuō)，卡里科表示“不知所措”，韋斯曼說(shuō)他“非常感謝獲得這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)”。Bornin1955inSzolnok,Hungary,KarikoreceivedherPh.DfromtheUniversityofSzegedin1982.Since2021,shehasbeenaprofessorattheUniversityofSzegedand9._________

adjunctprofessoratthePerelmanSchoolofMedicineattheUniversityofPennsylvania.9.anKariko于1955年出生于匈牙利索爾諾克，1982年獲得塞格德大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。自2021年以來(lái)，她一直擔(dān)任塞格德大學(xué)的教授和賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)佩雷爾曼醫(yī)學(xué)院的兼職教授。Weissman,bornin1959inMassachusetts,theUnitedStates,10.______(receive)

hisMD-Ph.DdegreefromBostonUniversityin1987.10.received魏斯曼，1959年出生于美國(guó)馬薩諸塞州，1987年獲得波士頓大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)博士學(xué)位。HeistheRobertsFamilyProfessorinVaccineResearchandservesasthedirectorofthePennInstituteforRNAInnovationsattheUniversityofPennsylvania.他是羅伯茨家族疫苗研究教授，并擔(dān)任賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)RNA創(chuàng)新研究所所長(zhǎng)。Theprizeamountis11millionSwedishkronor($1million)andwillbesharedequallybetweenthetwolaureates.獎(jiǎng)金為1100萬(wàn)瑞典克朗（100萬(wàn)美元），將由兩位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咂骄峙?。?

瑞典克朗

=0.091

美元）KatalinKarikóa(chǎn)ndDrewWeissman,whotogetheridentifiedachemicaltweaktomessengerRNA,wereawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicineonMonday.TheirworkenabledpotentCovidvaccinestobemadeinlessthanayear,avertingtensofmillionsofdeathsandhelpingtheworldrecoverfromtheworstpandemicinacentury.TheapproachtomRNAthetworesearchersdevelopedhasbeenusedinCovidshotsthathavesincebeenadministeredbillionsoftimesgloballyandhastransformedvaccinetechnology,layingthefoundationforinoculationsthatmayonedayprotectagainstanumberofdeadlydiseaseslikecancer.KatalinKarikó和DrewWeissman因共同識(shí)別出使信使RNA發(fā)生化學(xué)變化的方法，于周一被授予諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。他們的工作使得強(qiáng)效的新冠疫苗在不到一年的時(shí)間內(nèi)被成功研制，從而預(yù)防了數(shù)千萬(wàn)人的死亡，幫助世界從一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的大流行中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。這兩位研究者開(kāi)發(fā)的mRNA技術(shù)已經(jīng)在全球范圍內(nèi)被數(shù)十億次用于新冠疫苗接種，并已改變疫苗技術(shù)，為可能有朝一日針對(duì)多種致命疾?。ㄈ绨┌Y）的疫苗接種奠定了基礎(chǔ)。北京時(shí)間10月4日下午5點(diǎn)45分許，瑞典皇家科學(xué)院決定將2023年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予美國(guó)科學(xué)家MoungiG.Bawendi、LouisE.Brus，俄羅斯科學(xué)家AlexeiI.Ekimov，以表彰他們對(duì)量子點(diǎn)的發(fā)現(xiàn)和合成。The2023

NobelPrizeinchemistry

wasawardedtoMoungiG.Bawendi,LouisE.BrusandAlexeiI.EkimovonWednesdayforthediscoveryand

synthesis

of

quantum

dots.These

nanoparticles

have

wide-rangingapplications

acrossfieldslikeelectronics,advanced

surgery,andquantumcomputing.本周三，2023

年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了蒙吉·巴文迪、路易斯·布魯斯和阿列克謝·葉基莫夫，以表彰他們發(fā)現(xiàn)并合成了量子點(diǎn)。這些納米粒子在電子學(xué)、先進(jìn)外科手術(shù)和量子計(jì)算等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。?synthesis[?s?nθ?s?s]n.

綜合，綜合體；（化學(xué)物質(zhì)的）合成Instead,headvocatesasynthesisofthesetwoviews.相反，他主張綜合這兩種觀點(diǎn)。?quantum

[?kwɑ?nt?m]n.

量子；量子論；

adj.

量子的Itdoeshappeninquantummechanics.它確實(shí)發(fā)生在量子力學(xué)中。?dot

[dɑ?t]n.

點(diǎn)，小圓點(diǎn)，點(diǎn)狀物拓展:在網(wǎng)址中經(jīng)常能看到.com，這里的.的英文就是“dot”?nanoparticle

[?n?no?pɑ?rt?kl]n.

納米顆粒；毫微粒Ananoparticlearrayconsistsofmetalparticleswithadiameterof0.5-5nanometers.一個(gè)納米顆粒組合由直徑在零點(diǎn)五到五納米的金屬粒子組成。?surgery[?s??rd??ri]n.

外科手術(shù)；<英>診所Theprizeitselfwas

embroiled

insome

controversy

earlierwhenthenamesofwinnerswerereportedly

leaked

toaSwedishnewspaper.ButJohan?qvist,thechairofthedecidingcommittee,saidthedecisionhadn’tbeenfinalatthetime.“Therewasa

pressrelease

sentoutforstillunknownreasons.

Wedeeplyregretthatthishappened.Theimportantthingisthatitdidnotaffecttherecipientsinanyway,”hewas

quoted

assayingbyTheGuardian.早些時(shí)候，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)呙麊螕?jù)說(shuō)被泄露給了一家瑞典報(bào)紙，因此該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)本身也陷入了一些爭(zhēng)議。但決定委員會(huì)主席約翰-奧奎斯特（Johan?qvist）說(shuō)，當(dāng)時(shí)還沒(méi)有最終決定。他說(shuō)："有一份新聞稿發(fā)出去了，原因至今不明。我們對(duì)此深表遺憾。重要的是，這并沒(méi)有對(duì)獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咴斐扇魏斡绊懀?《衛(wèi)報(bào)》援引他的話說(shuō)。?embroil[?m?br??l]vt.

使卷入；使混亂在連續(xù)劇《邪惡力量

第十三季

SupernaturalSeason13》中就出