新滬教版英語初初一下冊Unit5Water(基礎(chǔ)知識)

1、精編資料綜合應(yīng)用精編文檔僅供參考精編資料 綜合應(yīng)用精編文檔 僅供參考滬教版初中英語一年級下冊精編試題及知識點(diǎn)匯總學(xué)生姓名： 班級： 學(xué)號：Unit 5 Water詞句精講精練詞匯精講1 voicevoice 作名詞，意為 “聲音 ;嗓音 ”。用于人時(shí)，指說話、歌唱或發(fā)笑的聲音，也可指發(fā)言權(quán)。用于其它方面時(shí)，常含悅耳之聲，如鳥鳴聲，樂器聲音等。例如：Please speak in a louder voice. 請大聲說。He talked of his trip to Hong Kong in a cheerful voice. 他興高采烈地談了他的香港之行。She has a sweet v

2、oice. 她聲音很甜美。【拓展】（1）noise 可以作可數(shù)名詞， 也可以用作不可數(shù)名詞， 表示 “人們不愿聽到的聲音或嘈雜聲 ”例如：I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我聽見一些奇怪的響聲。There s a lot of noise here這. 個(gè)地方人聲嘈雜。（2）sound 泛指自然界的任何聲音，不論其高低、是否悅耳等。例如：I heard the sound of running water. 我聽見流水聲。Light travels faster than sound. 光比聲音傳播得快。2 drop（1）作不及物動詞，意為 “

3、丟下，掉下，落下 ”。例如：The apple dropped from the tree to the ground.蘋果從樹上掉到地上。The ball dropped out of his hand.球從他手里掉了下來。（2）作及物動詞，意為 “使掉下，使落下 ”。例如：Mary dropped the vase on the floor.瑪麗失手把花瓶掉在地板上。【拓展】（1） drop in /around 表示 “探望，串門 ”。例如：Please drop in to see us if you are in Bradford.如果你到布拉福特，請順便來看看我們。My siste

4、r dropped around last night. 昨晚我姐姐順便來看了我。（2）drop in（順便拜訪 ）是不及物動詞短語， 其后不能接賓語。若語義上需要接賓語， 根據(jù)情 況可用 on（ 針對人 ）或 at（針對地方 ）。例如：She dropped in at his office. 她去了他的辦公室找他。I thought I d drop in on you while I was passing.我曾想路過時(shí)就來看看你。add to 作動詞，意為“加，增加”，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：（1） add to 意為“把加到”。例如： Dont add salt to the water. 別

5、再往水里加鹽了。（2）add up 意為“把加起來”。Add up all the numbers and you will see how much you have. 把所有的數(shù)字加起來你就明白有多少。（3）add up to 意為“總計(jì)；加起來結(jié)果是 ”。All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有數(shù)加起來一共 900。throughthrough 作介詞，意為“通過，穿過”，多指從物體的中間穿過。例如： The River Thames flows through London. 泰晤士河流經(jīng)倫敦?！就卣埂勘嫖觯?through, across與

6、crossthrough介詞，指從物體的內(nèi)部傳過。across介詞，指從物體表面的一邊到另一邊。cross動詞，指從物體表面的一邊到另一邊。例如：He went through the forest the next day. 次日他穿過了森林。We walked across the road. 我們穿過馬路。We found it impossible to cross the road. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)過馬路是不可能的。journeyjourney 作名詞，指從一地到另一地，通常指陸地上的遠(yuǎn)距離 “旅行”，有時(shí)也可以表示經(jīng)常 走的或長或短的“路程”。例如：I took a journey fr

7、om Beijing to Shanghai last year. 我去年從北京旅游到上海。 How long is your journey to school? 你到學(xué)校的路程是多遠(yuǎn)？ Only about 10 minutes wa僅lk.步 行 10 分鐘?！就卣埂浚?） trip 作名詞，一般指時(shí)間短、距離近的 “旅行、遠(yuǎn)足”，也可以指長途旅行。在非正式 用語中可代替 journey 。例如：We made a boat trip to the island last week and had a good time. 上周我們坐船游島，玩得很開心。I will be on a tr

8、ip to / journey to the south next summer holiday. 下個(gè)暑假我們要到南方去玩。（2）travel 可作動詞和名詞，意為 “旅行、游歷”，一般表示從一地到另一地旅行這一總的概 念。常指長時(shí)間、遠(yuǎn)距離的 “旅行”，尤指出國旅行。例如：At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time. 目前，許多人喜歡在空閑的時(shí)間去旅行。They came home after years of foreign travel. 他們從國外旅行回來了。Light travels faster t

9、han sound. 光比聲音傳播的速度快。valuable（ 1） valuable 作形容詞，意為“貴重的，有價(jià)值的”。例如：Thank you for your valuable time.謝謝你寶貴的時(shí)間。Real friendship is more valuable than money. 真正的友誼比金錢更寶貴。（2） be valuable to 意為“對有用”。to 是介詞，表示“對于”。例如： Your advice will be valuable to me.你的建議對我具有重大價(jià)值。turn offturn off 是動副結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞短語， 意為“關(guān)閉（煤氣，自來水，電

10、燈等） ”。它的反義詞為“ turn on。 Turn on/off the heat ， please.請打開 /關(guān)掉暖氣?！就卣埂浚?） off 還可作“（離）開；（走）開； 下；關(guān)掉”講。例如： I must be off. 我該走了。He took off his coat. 他脫掉了大衣。 The gas is off. 煤氣關(guān)了。（2） off 和動詞搭配，表示不同的含義： take off 脫下；起飛fall off 從掉下來 turn off 關(guān)上break off 終止 pay off 付清 get off 下車too muchtoo much 意為“許多，大量”，后接不可數(shù)

11、名詞，也可作代詞短語。例如：I ate too much meat. I我吃m 太fa多t. 肉了，我胖了。I had too much. I m full no我w.吃 的太多了，現(xiàn)在飽了。 【拓展】too much / too many / much too 的辨析：詞語詞形特點(diǎn)too much形容詞短語后跟不可數(shù)名詞，也可作代詞短語too many形容詞短語后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，也可作代詞短語much too副詞短語后跟形容詞或副詞例如：Dont eat too much sweet. Its bad for 不yo要ur吃 te太et多h. 的糖，對牙齒不好。There are too

12、many books in the room. You can choose any one to read. 房間里有太多的書了，你可以選擇任何一本來讀。It s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat. 外面太冷了，你應(yīng)該穿上外套。a few（1）a few 意為“幾個(gè)；少許” 相當(dāng)于 several，只修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，表肯定含義。例如： He has a few friends. 他有幾個(gè)朋友。（2）few 意為“少數(shù)的；很少的”，只修飾可數(shù)名詞，表否定含義。例如：I can see few birds in the tre

13、e. 我?guī)缀蹩床坏綐渖嫌续B?！就卣埂浚?1） little 意為“很少；一點(diǎn)兒”，用于 “量；額；價(jià)值”等概念，修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表否定 含義。 little 還表示“小的”之意。例如：There is little milk in the cup. 杯子里沒有牛奶了。A little boy is coming. 一個(gè)小男孩過來了。（2）a little 意為“有點(diǎn)兒；少量” 修飾不可數(shù)名詞， 表示肯定含義。例如： He has a little money with him. 他隨身帶了點(diǎn)兒錢。詞匯精練英漢詞組互譯。add.to.dry up 5. come out of 7.（be） ma

14、de up of 根據(jù)首字母和句子意思把單詞補(bǔ)充完整。關(guān)上（電燈、自來水等） 記得要做（某事） 6.零花錢 8. 一滴水 We should save every d of fresh water.“Be quiet, ” said Tom in a low v to his classmates.The workers a chemicals（化學(xué)物質(zhì) ） the swimming pool to keep it clean.Go t the forest and you will find a beautiful lake.These old books are v to my fathe

15、r.Life is a pleasant j.The tap is running. Can you t it off?R to post the letter for me.從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并用其適當(dāng)形式完成句子。fall from ，too much, a few, make up of,t hurt herself. t use it any more.turn off, add to, come out of, pocket moneyYesterday， Lily her bike but luckily she didnYou should your computer if

16、 you donHow much sugar do you want to your coffee?The machine is of three parts.I don t know much French, but words.We saw him the room.I think Americans eat meat, and it s bad for their body.Although Tom has lots of , he never wastes it. He saved it up to buy books.IV. 聽力鏈接。2015 湖北襄陽中考）Whom did Dav

17、id go to the zoo with?C. Ann.C. By bus.C. It was great.His parents.B. Frank.How did they get to the zoo?A. By car. B. By bike.What did David think of the animal show?A. It was scary.B. It was awful.V. 用 few. a few, little 或 a little 填空。There s still water in the bottle.The old man has money with him

18、, only five yuan.My father is a man with words. He is always very quiet. of us go to Shanghai every year. Now were talking about it.There is time left, I must go.At midnight there are people in the street. Most of them are asleep.精編資料 綜合應(yīng)用精編文檔 僅供參考參考答案英漢詞組互譯。把加入2.turn off從出來6.pocket money干涸4. rememb

19、er to do.由組成 8.a drop of water根據(jù)首字母和句子意思把單詞補(bǔ)充完整。4.through8. Remember4. made up ofdrop2.voice3.add,to5.valuable6. journey7. turn從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，并用其適當(dāng)形式完成句子。8. pocket moneyfell from2.turn off3.add to5.a few6. come out of7.too muchIV. 聽力鏈接。 參考答案及聽力材料1. B 2. A 3. CW: Hi, David. What did you do last Sunday?M

20、: Hi, Ann. I visited the zoo. It was so interesting.W: Really? Would you like to say something about it?M: Of course. Do you know Frank, my best friend? W: Yes.M: I went there with him. And his father took us there in his car.W: What did you do at the zoo?M: We saw a lot of animals there. And we wat

21、ched an animal show, too.W: How was the animal show?M: It was great. The animals were so clever. And we took some photos.W: Can you show me the photos?M: No problem.Questions:1. Whom did David go to the zoo with?How did they get to the zoo?What did David think of the animal show?V.用 few. a few, litt

22、le 或 a little 填空。1. a little 2.a little 3.few 4.A few 5.little 6.few 句式精講1. Don t use the pool today. （ 1）這是一個(gè)否定祈使句。以動詞短語開頭，表示命令、請求、禁止或建議等語氣的句子叫祈使句。祈使句通常省去主語 you 。有時(shí)為了表達(dá)較委婉或客氣的語氣， 可在句子開頭或末尾加 please。其肯定結(jié)構(gòu)通常 以動詞原形開頭；否定結(jié)構(gòu)在動詞前加don。t例如：Open the door. 把門打開。Don t do it like that. 不要像那樣做。（ 2）祈使句的結(jié)構(gòu)類型如下 :1）D

23、o 型：即 “動詞原形 （+賓語 ）+其它成分 ”。例如 : Please have a seat here. 請這邊坐。2）Be型：即“ Be +表 語（名詞或形容詞 ）+其它成分 ”。例如 :Be a good boy! 要做一個(gè)好孩子 !3）Let 型：即 “Let + 賓語 + 動詞原形 + 其它成分 ”。例如 :Let me help you. 讓我來幫你。4）有些可用 no 開頭 ,用來表示禁止性的祈使句。例如 :No smoking! 禁止吸煙 ! No fishing! 禁止釣魚 !Do you know where I come from?本句是由疑問副詞 where 引導(dǎo)的

24、賓語從句， 賓語從句要用陳述語序， 時(shí)態(tài)要根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài) 而定。如果主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等） ，從句時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，根據(jù)需要 選用， 如果主句時(shí)態(tài)是過去時(shí)態(tài)， 從句時(shí)態(tài)要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)， 但是如果從句陳述的是客觀 真理或格言警句，永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不受主句限制。例如：Please tell me when well have the meeting. （從句用一般將來時(shí)） 請告訴我什么時(shí)候開會。I dont know who they are talking about. （從句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)） 我不知道他們正在談?wù)撜l。She told us Lucy had returned

25、home. （從句用過去完成時(shí)） 她告訴我們露茜已經(jīng)回家去了。I didnt tell them where you were having the meeting. （從句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)） 我沒有告訴他們你們正在哪兒開會。Granny told me that the earth moves around the sun. （從句陳述客觀真理，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)） 奶奶告訴我地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3it was time for people to clean me.（1） It tsim e to+動詞原形，意為 “該到做某事的時(shí)間了 ”；It tsim e for 后接名詞或動詞 -ing 形式，也表

26、示 “該到做某事的時(shí)間了 ”。例如：It is time to leave. = It is time for leaving. 該是離開的時(shí)候了。It s time for schoo該l. 上學(xué)了。（2）It s time to中間也可以加上 for sb， 表示“該到某人該做某事的時(shí)間了 ”。例如： It is time for us to go to bed. 該是我們睡覺的時(shí)候了。People should not waste or pollute it.should 后接動詞原形，表示“應(yīng)該做某事” 。否定形式是 should not do sth ，表示“不該做某 事”用法如下：

27、（1）用于第一人稱疑問句，表征詢意見。例如：Should I open the window? 我可以開窗戶嗎？（2） should 表義務(wù)，可用于各種句式，通常指將來。例如：You should do what your parents tell you.你應(yīng)該照你父母的話去做事。He should do some work, but he doesn t want to.他應(yīng)該做些工作，但是他不想做。（3）should 表推測，暗含很大的可能。如：It s 4:30. They should be in New York by now.現(xiàn)在是四點(diǎn)半，他們應(yīng)該到達(dá)紐約了。Where woul

28、d you like to go on holiday?would like 意為 想要 ，語氣非常委婉。具體用法如下：（1） would like 后接名詞或代詞，表示 “要 ”某樣?xùn)|西。例： I would like a cup of coffee. 我要一杯咖啡。My mother would like an apple. 我的媽媽想要一個(gè)蘋果。（2） would you like 后接動詞不定式（ to do形式），表示意愿、喜愛，常用于有禮貌地提出 邀請、請求或建議。例如： Would you like to help me ？ 你愿意幫助我嗎？Would you like to d

29、rink some tea? 你要喝茶嗎？（ 3） would like sb. to do sth. 意為 “想要某人做某事 ”。例： Id like you to meet them. 我想要你見他們?！咀⒁狻克目隙ɑ卮鸲嘤?Yes, please./Yes, Id （Wed） like （love） to./Certainly./Yes, thank you. 等； I d love /like to. 的to 不能省略。否定回答常用 No, thanks./No, thank you. 等。例如： Would you like some coffee? 你要點(diǎn)兒咖啡嗎？ No, th

30、anks. 不要了，謝謝。 Would you love to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我一起去看電影嗎？ Yes, I d love t是o.的 ，我很愿意。It told me to turn the tap off.tell 經(jīng)常作及物動詞，意為 “講述，告訴 ”，后常接雙賓語，側(cè)重把一件事情傳達(dá)給別人。常 用結(jié)構(gòu)是 tell sb. to do sth. 意為 “告訴某人做某事 ”，其否定形式為 tell sb. not to do sth. ，意為 “告訴某人不要做某事 ”， tell sb. about sth. 意為 “告訴某人關(guān)于某事 ”。例

31、如：My mother tells me to get up early. 我媽媽告訴我早點(diǎn)起床?！就卣埂縿釉~ ask、tell、want 的后面可以用動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，意思是“要求 / 告訴/ 想要某人做某事 ”。例如：My teacher often tells us to do our homework at home. 我們的老師經(jīng)常告訴我們在家做我們的家庭作業(yè)。 What did your father say just now? 你父親剛才說什么？ He asked me to help him clean his car. 他要我?guī)退淋?。句式精練I. 按要求完成下列句子。

32、1. I d like to drink some wat（er改. 為一般疑問句）She asked me. Where are you going? （合并為一句 ）He d like stoe e a film.（ 對劃線部分提問 ）Learning English is necessary for me.（ 改為同義句 ）It isThey should have more kids. （ 改為否定句 ）Draw some pictures on the wall. （ 改為否定句 ）根據(jù)漢語意思及英文短語完成下列句子。1. 小心 ! 別把盤子掉了 .（be careful ， dro

33、p）在世界的每一個(gè)地方，潔凈的水都是非常寶貴的。( valuable ， every part of)該到你做作業(yè)的時(shí)間了。 (It s time) to4.請?jiān)诿娣劾锛右恍┨?.( add.to，flour ）5.記住邀請 Tom 到你的宴會。（ remember， invite ）6. 你把這本書還給圖書館好嗎？(return.to）7.你要來點(diǎn)米飯嗎？( would like ，a little ）8.我們班由 20 個(gè)女生和 23 個(gè)男生組成。 （be made up of）從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a(bǔ)全對話。Lucy: Hi, Jane. Are you free this evenin

34、g?Jane: Yes. 1Lucy: I hear Titanic in 3D is on at Zhenzhou Theater this evening.Jane: Really? 2Lucy: Would you like to go with me?Jane: 3 What time will it start?Lucy: At 7:00. Let s go together.Jane: Great. 4Lucy: At the gate of the theater.Jane: 5Lucy: All right. See you then.Jane: see you.A. Yes, I d love to.Then let s make it 6:45.Sorry, I don t have time.What s up?What s wrong with you?Where shall we meet?I m looking forward to watching it.IV .用所給動詞的正確形式填空（必要時(shí)可加助詞）2016 河北滄州獻(xiàn)縣期中）At the moment ，we