高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一 unit5單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)估測(cè)試B卷（解析版）(全國(guó)高考課標(biāo)甲乙卷地區(qū)使用)

1、Unit 5 Working the Land 單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)估B卷第一部分 聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A“People still want plastic bottles, because they reseal and are lightweight，” said Ms Perez, Coca Colas head of sustainability.The firm, which is one of the biggest producers of pl

2、astic waste, has claimed to use at least 50% recycled material in its packaging by 2030.But environmental campaigners argue many Coke bottles would still go uncollected and end up in landfill. Elsewhere, plastic were clogging up (堵塞)the seas, harming marine life.The drinks giant produces about three

3、 million tonnes of plastic packaging a year equivalent to 200,000 bottles a minute. In 2019, it was found to be the most polluting brand in a global audit (調(diào)查)of plastic waste.But speaking at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Ms Perez said the firm recognized it now had to be part of the solution.H

4、owever, Ms Perez said the firm could not ditch plastic outright, as some campaigners wanted, saying this could hit sales. She also said using only aluminum and glass packaging could push up the firms carbon footprint. “Business wont be in business if we dont accommodate consumers，” she added. “So as

5、 we change our bottling infrastructure, move into recycling and innovate, we also have shown the consumer what the opportunities are. They will change with us.”Ms Perez said she respected the idealism of youth activists and also agreed with calls for Coca Cola to reach its environmental goals sooner

6、 than 2030although she would not say whether she would step down if the plans failed. 21According to the text, what bad effects do plastic bottles have?AIt is impossible to recycle plastic.BPlastic debris causes damage.CPlastic is seen as the most polluting material. DPlastic production leads to hig

7、her carbon footprint.22What does the underlined word “ditch” in Paragraph 6 mean?Agive outBgive upCchange Ddoubt23What can we infer from Perezs words in Paragraph 6?ACoca Cola balances their needs with those of customers.BThe question remains whether nonplastic bottles will affect market.CThe firm c

8、reates whatever customers need.DCampaigners urge Coca Cola to solve the problem step by step. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，介紹了作為最大塑料制品之一的生產(chǎn)公司可口可樂(lè)公司在環(huán)保人士的呼吁下，企圖在滿足消費(fèi)者需求與達(dá)到環(huán)保目標(biāo)之間尋找一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)。21B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“But environmental campaigners argue many Coke bottles harming marine life.”可知，丟棄的塑料在陸地上變成垃圾，在海洋里影響海洋生物的生存，總而言之，塑料殘

9、渣造成了破壞。22B詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段中的“ However, Ms Perez said the firm could not ditch plastic outright, as some campaigners wanted, saying this could hit sales.”可知，然而佩雷斯女士說(shuō)公司不會(huì)像環(huán)保人士想要的那樣完全放棄塑料，那樣的話不利于銷售。從關(guān)鍵句后部分“這樣會(huì)打擊銷量”，“就像環(huán)保人士想要的那樣”，可猜測(cè)出是指完全放棄塑料。23A推理判斷題。文章第六段主要是講公司會(huì)在環(huán)保目標(biāo)上做出行動(dòng)，而第五段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了不要沖擊銷售，在迎合消費(fèi)者需求同時(shí)尋求改變，表明了要

10、在公司與顧客的需求之間尋找一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)。BBig changes in agriculture are taking place in Singapore. The small, Southeast Asian nation is leading a farming revolution, according to the Reuters news agency.Singapore covers around 720 square kilometers of land and only one percent of that land area is used for agriculture.

11、Food production costs are higher there than the rest of Southeast Asia. As climate change and population growth threaten food supplies, the pressure on new farmers is to answer the governments call to “grow more with less”“Whenever I talk about food security in Singapore, I tell people not to think

12、about landthink about space, because you can go upwards and sideways，” said Paul Teng, an agriculture professor at Nanyang Technological University.There are more than 30 vertical (垂直的) farms in Singaporeones that grow up, not across, the land. Sustenir Agriculture is one of these businesses. Its hy

13、droponic (無(wú)土栽培的) farm grows nonnative foods like cherry tomatoes and strawberries inside buildings under artificial lighting. Then it sells the produce to local supermarkets and online stores. Sustenir raised $16 million from investors (投資者) last year. The money will be used to expand operations in

14、Singapore.However, not everyone thinks the new technology is best. Egg farmer William Ho says the government should not depend so much on agriculture technology businesses. “Many of them have failed. Thats why Im always asking the government why it doesnt invest in us oldtimers. We are more practica

15、l，” he said. Professor Paul Teng said an issue for urban farmers is that the high cost of the technology makes their products too pricey for many people.24What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?AHigh food production costs.BReasons for changes in agriculture.CAgricultural technology businesses

16、.DSale expansion of food markets.25Which is the way to achieve food security according to Paul Teng?AExploring more space.BBuying more food.CEnlarging farmland.DInvesting more money.26What do we know about the oldtimers?AThey work on hightech farms.BThey benefit from pricey products.CThey reduce pro

17、duction costs.DThey need the governments support.27Where is this passage probably taken from?AA guidebook. BA brochure. CA newspaper. DA journal.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹了新加坡建設(shè)空中農(nóng)場(chǎng)以解決國(guó)內(nèi)食品供應(yīng)短缺問(wèn)題的情況。24答案與解析：B考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，新加坡用于農(nóng)業(yè)的耕地面積少、食品生產(chǎn)成本高，而氣候變化和人口增長(zhǎng)對(duì)其糧食供應(yīng)構(gòu)成了威脅，再結(jié)合上文中的“Big changes in agriculture are

18、 taking place in Singapore.”可知，本段主要解釋了新加坡農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)生變革的原因，故選B。25.答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenever I talk about food security in Singapore, I tell people not to think about landthink about space, because you can go upwards and sideways”可知，Paul Teng認(rèn)為實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食保障的途徑是向上或向側(cè)面開(kāi)發(fā)空間，故A項(xiàng)符合文意。26.答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Im al

19、ways asking the government why it doesnt invest in us oldtimers”可知，禽蛋養(yǎng)殖戶William Ho問(wèn)政府為什么不在他們這些傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)戶身上投資，言外之意是他們這些傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)戶需要政府的支持，故選D。27.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要報(bào)道了新加坡建設(shè)空中農(nóng)場(chǎng)以解決國(guó)內(nèi)食品供應(yīng)短缺問(wèn)題的事情，屬于新聞范疇，因此文章最有可能出自報(bào)紙，故選C。CHave you ever heard of agritourism where you can experience the farm life? If not, Dr. Cin

20、dy AyersElliott will tell you the real story of Foot Print Farms.The original concept of building Foot Print Farms was simple. When AyersElliott returned to her hometown after graduation, she didnt have to look any further than her states alarming health statistics to find a mission. Everywhere she

21、turned, there were reports of high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity and heart disease. “The problem was already identified，” explains AyersElliott. “Too many Mississippians were seriously unhealthy and it didnt take research to see that. And many of the states greatest health challenges could direc

22、tly result from poor diet.”These days, Foot Print Farms, which started with a few raised beds of herbs and vegetables, is making fresh, naturally grown food. “When speaking of the key to my success, the coop model works because we share the work and rewards，” notes AyersElliott “A perfect example is

23、 the Wingfield High School football team. To earn the money for equipment and other items, players committed to working five hours a week on the farm, and by the end of the summer they produced 1,000 melons and the profits from their sales helped to buy weights, Tshirts, sweat suits and pregame meal

24、s. But the lessons they learned about the rewards of hard work and working together to accomplish something were even more valuable products of their efforts.”“Its a model that can easily be learned in other places and Im looking forward to seeing some of our current partners do just thatto take wha

25、t they have learned here and spin it off in other communities.” AyersElliott remarks. She is now looking forward to developing an agritourism area to the farm, where visitors can experience the farm life, learn new skills and take with them seeds of inspiration they can sow in their own communities

26、when they return home.28What made AyersElliott set up Foot Print Farms?AThe problems faced by local farmers.BHer further research into heart disease.CThe failure of her career after graduation.DThe health state of people in her hometown.29Why does the author take the football team as an example?ATo

27、advocate the concept of independence.BTo stress the importance of teamwork.CTo support the idea of coop model.DTo explore the key to success.30What is AyersElliotts attitude towards the future of Foot Print Farms?AOptimistic. BSkeptical.CCautious. DAmbiguous.31What is the main idea of the text?ANatu

28、rally grown food benefits peoples health.BFood Print Farms is making a difference in Mississippi.CAyersElliott encourages people to experience the farm life.DAgritourism is becoming increasingly popular in America.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)旅游基地Foot Print Farms建立的原因及其發(fā)展情況。28答案與解析：D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段提到AyersEll

29、iott畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng)，看到到處有高血壓、糖尿病、肥胖癥和心臟病的報(bào)道，而且不需要研究就能發(fā)現(xiàn)這里很多人的身體嚴(yán)重不健康，并且最大的健康挑戰(zhàn)可能直接來(lái)源于不良飲食，因此她決定建立Foot Print Farms。29答案與解析：C推理判斷題。文章第三段第二句AyersElliott談到了其成功的關(guān)鍵在于合作社模式，他們共同工作，共享回報(bào)；緊接著舉Wingfield High School football team的例子正是為了支持這一觀點(diǎn)，故選C。30答案與解析：A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Im looking forward to.and spin it off in other c

30、ommunities和“She is now looking forward to.they can sow in their own communities when they return home.”可知，AyersElliott對(duì) Food Print Farms的發(fā)展充滿期待。由此可推知，她對(duì)Foot Print Farms的未來(lái)持樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度。31答案與解析：B主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了Foot Print Farms的情況生產(chǎn)新鮮、自然生長(zhǎng)的食物，采用合作社模式，這對(duì)改善AyersElliott家鄉(xiāng)當(dāng)?shù)厝说娘嬍秤泻艽笞饔茫蔬xB項(xiàng)。DIn the basement o

31、f a landmark 27story tower in Stockholm, Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution. He is the chief executive of Plantagon, a new urban farming factory set to kick off operations in the basement of an office block in the Swedish capital.He is by no means the first en

32、thusiast for indoor farming, which has become increasingly fashionable in recent years. Claims for the practice of growing food in basements range from feeding people in desert environments to transforming the negative environmental effects of monoculture farming.Plantagons early promises reflect th

33、is new optimism. Petterson calls the farms approach “agritechture”： the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat.The_term may be new, but the concept isnt. Indoor farming is made possible by agricultural technologies such as hydroponics (gro

34、wing plants without soil) and aeroponics (in which plants are grown in air over containers) . Food can be produced without direct sunlight or soil.Plantagon plans to grow highvalue foods in a pumicelike material rather than soil. Water for the plants is measured precisely. It will also dehumidify(除濕

35、) the air and reuse any extra water to ensure zero waste. Compared with conventional agriculture, it will need much less water to produce the same amount of crops. Energy is also a key issue for indoor urban farms, which have to create artificial sunlight. Although advances in the efficiency of LED

36、lights have helped bring down energy consumption in recent years, plants use only about 1 percent of the artificial light produced. This leads to a great waste of energy, most of which disappears as heat. The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heati

37、ng system of the office block above. Oxygen produced by the plants will be sent to office workers via the buildings air conditioners.32What does Plantagon plan to do in the basement?AGrow crops.BDo operations. COpen a seed company.DGive lectures about farming. 33What does the underlined phrase “the

38、term” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AAeroponics.BHydroponics.CMonoculture. DAgritechture. 34What do indoor farms do with energy waste?AProduce oxygen.BRun air conditioners. CHeat offices.DCreate artificial sunlight. 35What is the text mainly about?AA farming revolution.BPettersons achievement. CA watersav

39、ing farming project.DAn environmentfriendly system. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】在斯德哥爾摩一座地標(biāo)性的27層塔樓的地下室里， 彼得森希望播下室內(nèi)都市農(nóng)業(yè)革命的種子。他將在瑞典首都的一座辦公大樓的地下室開(kāi)始運(yùn)營(yíng)。32A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution. ”可知， 他要在地下室內(nèi)開(kāi)辦室內(nèi)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。33D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Petterson calls the farms approach agritechtu

40、re: the combination of agriculture, technology and architecture hoping to revolutionize how we live and eat. ”可知， 此處的the term指的就是“agritechture”。34C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中的“The basement farm will capture around 70 percent of this wasted heat and pipe it into the heating system of the office block above. ”可知， 地下

41、室農(nóng)場(chǎng)將捕獲約70%的這種廢熱， 并將其注入辦公大樓上方的供暖系統(tǒng)。35A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主題句“Petterson is hoping to sow the seeds of an indoor urban farming revolution. ”可知， 本文主要介紹的是“農(nóng)業(yè)革命”。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Have you ever had a wonderful idea and thought it would make a great invention, but didnt

42、know what to do next？_1_ They will help you make your dreams come true and become a famous inventor. The first thing that you should do is do some research on the Internet to see if anyone else has invented it. If not, you should search through the U. S. Patent (專利) information to see if a patent wa

43、s ever created for your type of invention. _2_ The easiest thing to do is working with an agency(代理機(jī)構(gòu)) that can help you to make your dreams a reality. It can help you present your ideas and get your product to the right companies. One agency that is very reputable (聲譽(yù)好的) is “Lambert in Minnesota”.

44、_3_If they think your product is marketable (有銷路的), they will help you to get it to the right company. Call the agency and make an appointment. You will want to bring in a model of your invention and a complete description of your ideas. _4_Then when you meet with them, you can present it and they w

45、ill tell you how marketable it is. If they decide to help you, they will work to present it to different companies and help you to go to the next step. Once your invention has been sold to a large company, get ready to get the benefits of becoming the next great inventor. _5_ But the benefits are wo

46、rth the wait. AIt may take a year or two.BIf not, go to the next step.CYou will find something new on the Internet.DYou will be the next inventor.EWrite down exactly about your invention.FHere are some steps that you can take.GThey offer free advice for good ideas.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。很多人有好點(diǎn)子， 但是不知道如何把好點(diǎn)子

47、變成偉大的發(fā)明， 文章對(duì)此提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。1F根據(jù)本段第一句可知很多人有很棒的想法， 認(rèn)為自己的想法會(huì)成為偉大的發(fā)明， 但是不知道該如何去做。橫線句要把上下文串聯(lián)起來(lái)， F項(xiàng)“Here are some steps that you can take(下面是你可以采取的步驟)”承上啟下。2B本段告訴我們首先要對(duì)自己的發(fā)明項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行研究， 查看是否已經(jīng)有人發(fā)明出類似的物品。如果沒(méi)有， 查一下相關(guān)的專利情況。如果沒(méi)有類似的專利被申請(qǐng)， 那么你就可以繼續(xù)做下一步工作。故B項(xiàng)“If not, go to the next step.”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。3G根據(jù)前句 “One agency that is

48、very reputable is Lambert in Minnesota” 可知“Lambert in Minnesota”是一家聲譽(yù)非常好的代理機(jī)構(gòu)。本句應(yīng)該介紹這一機(jī)構(gòu)的良好服務(wù)， 故G項(xiàng)“They offer free advice for good ideas(他們會(huì)為好點(diǎn)子提供免費(fèi)建議)”與之對(duì)應(yīng)。4E根據(jù)前句可知你和代理機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)系好了以后， 你要帶著模型以及對(duì)這個(gè)好點(diǎn)子的敘述。最好是把你的想法確切地寫下來(lái)， 然后與對(duì)方交流。故E項(xiàng)“Write down exactly about your invention.”與上下文語(yǔ)境一致。5A此處表示： 如果你的發(fā)明被某一公司購(gòu)買， 那么

49、你只要等待發(fā)明給你帶來(lái)的好處即可。雖然等待的時(shí)間可能會(huì)比較長(zhǎng)， 但這樣的等待是值得的。故A項(xiàng)“It may take a year or two.”符合上下文語(yǔ)境。第三部分 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。It was a great shock to me to discover that I had a serious disease. I had never been very well coordinated (協(xié)調(diào))physically

50、 when I was_41_. But things seemed to change when I went to university, at the age of 17, I started to _42_ some sports.In my third year at university, however, I noticed that it seemed to be difficult for me, and I fell over once or twice for no obvious _43_ My father took me to the family doctor w

51、ho led me to a good _44_. Two days later, I went into hospital for examinations. I stayed in the _45_ for two weeks, during which I had a wide variety of tests. But after all the _46_, they didnt tell me what I had, except that I was a special case. However, they _47_ it to continue to get worse. Th

52、e doctor felt sorry because he could do _48_ except giving me vitamins (維生素), I could see that he didnt _49_ the vitamins to have much effect on my disease. I didnt feel like asking for more details, because the disease was obviously _40_ .I realized that I had a(n) _41_ disease. It was a bit of a s

53、hock. However, while I had been in hospital, I had seen a boy who had leukemia (白血病) and he _42_ died of that kind of disease. Clearly there were people who were _43_ than me. At least my condition didnt make me feel sick, so whenever I felt _44_, I remembered that boy.The doctors told me to go back

54、 to university. I _55_ doing the research I had started before going to hospital. My dreams at that time were rather hard to _56_ Before my condition had been diagnosed (診斷), I had been very bored with life. But shortly after I came out of hospital, I _57_ realized that there were a lot of worthy th

55、ings I could _58_. I began to make progress in my _59_ and I got married to a girl called Jane, whom I had met just about the time my condition was diagnosed. That marriage _60_ my life. It gave me something to live for.A. strongB. youngC. oldD. calmA. tryB. watchC. recordD. destroyA. resultB. notic

56、eC. reasonD. excuseA. doctorB. teacherC. engineerD. patientA. houseB. hospitalC. parkD. streetA. discoveriesB. examplesC. examinationsD. inventionsA. requiredB. forecastedC. askedD. wishedA. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothingA. knowB. realizeC. fearD. expectA. goodB. terribleC. entireD. fan

57、tasticA. commonB. seriousC. incorrectD. importantA. finallyB. selflesslyC. sincerelyD. uselesslyA. richerB. betterC. worseD. luckierA. confidentB. cheerfulC. discouragedD. satisfiedA. turned upB. dug outC. gave upD. went onA. achieveB. ruinC. cancelD. createA. wronglyB. simplyC. suddenlyD. possiblyA

58、. rescueB. attackC. sufferD. doA. researchB. mistakesC. preparationsD. violenceA. botheredB. doubtedC. trappedD. changed【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. C 55. D 56. A 57. C 58. D 59. A 60. D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在大三時(shí)被診斷出得了重病，生活一片黑暗。每當(dāng)作者沮喪時(shí)，總想起住院期

59、間一個(gè)死于白血病的男孩，這讓作者意識(shí)到還有人比自己情況更糟，出院后作者意識(shí)到有很多值得去做的事情。最后，作者的研究取得了進(jìn)展并且結(jié)了婚，生活也因?yàn)檫@場(chǎng)婚姻而有了改變?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我年輕的時(shí)候身體協(xié)調(diào)性不太好。A. strong堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；B. young年輕的；C. old老的；D. calm平靜的。根據(jù)后文“when I went to university, at the age of 17”可知，是指作者年輕時(shí)身體協(xié)調(diào)性不好。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我17歲上大學(xué)時(shí)，情況似乎發(fā)生了變化，我開(kāi)始嘗試一些運(yùn)動(dòng)。A. try嘗試；B. watc

60、h觀看；C. record記錄；D. destroy破壞。根據(jù)上文“things seemed to change”以及后文“some sports”可知，作者本來(lái)身體協(xié)調(diào)性不好，但是在上大學(xué)時(shí)情況發(fā)生了變化，所以開(kāi)始嘗試一些運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在大學(xué)三年級(jí)時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)似乎很困難，有一兩次我無(wú)緣無(wú)故就摔倒了。A. result結(jié)果；B. notice通知；C. reason原因，理由；D. excuse借口。結(jié)合后文“My father took me to the family doctor”父親帶作者去看醫(yī)生，可知作者是無(wú)緣無(wú)故地摔倒。故選C?！?/p>