比較級(jí)最高級(jí)講解及練習(xí)

1、比較級(jí)最高級(jí)講解及練習(xí)形容詞，副詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)講解一、概說英語中的形容詞和副詞有三個(gè)等級(jí)，即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和高最級(jí)。比較級(jí)主要用于兩者比較，最高級(jí)主要用于多者比較。二、比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成通過加后綴 -er 和-est 構(gòu)成。單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞通過加后綴er 和 -est 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)tall( 高)tallertallestquiet( 安靜的 )quieterquietestearly( 早)earlierearliest注：若原級(jí)以字母 e 結(jié)尾，則只加 -r 和 -st：fine finer finest 。若原級(jí)以 “輔音字母 +y”結(jié)尾，則應(yīng)將 y 改為 i

2、，再加 -er 和 -est 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)： dry drier driest 。 (例外： shy(害羞的 )shyer shyest)若原級(jí)為重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾， 且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母， 則雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母后加詞尾-er 和-est 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)： big bigger biggest。 2. 通過在其前加 more 和 most 構(gòu)成。多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞通過在其前加more 和 most 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)：原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)difficult( 困難的 )more difficultmost difficultdangerous(危險(xiǎn)的 )more dangerousmost

3、 dangerousbravely( 勇敢地 )more bravelymost bravely注：有的雙音節(jié)詞 (如 clever, common, gentle, handsome, happy, narrow, polite, quiet, shallow, simple, stupid ， often, seldom) 可以有兩種方式構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)級(jí)： clever cleverer / more clever cleverest / most cleveroften more often / oftener most often / oftenest 。等。(2) 某些帶有否定前

4、綴un- 的三音節(jié)詞 (如 uncommon, unhappy, unpleasant, untidy等 )可以用兩種比較級(jí)形式：unhappy unhappier/ more unhappy unhappiest/ mostunhappy 。三、形容詞與副詞比較等級(jí)的不規(guī)則變化常見的不規(guī)則形容詞與副詞的比較等級(jí)變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good(好的 )betterbestwell( 好，健康的 )betterbestbad(壞的 )worseworstbadly( 壞地，惡劣地 )worseworstill( 有病的 )worseworstmuch(多 )moremostmany(多 )more

5、mostlittle( 少)lessleastfar( 遠(yuǎn))farther / furtherfarthest / furthest注：2當(dāng)比較級(jí)后接名詞時(shí)， 比較級(jí)前可能用冠詞， 此時(shí)的冠詞不是修飾比較級(jí)， 而是修飾其后的名詞：Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 中國(guó)和澳大利亞，哪個(gè)國(guó)家更大？當(dāng)要特指兩者中 “較(更) ”時(shí)，比較級(jí)前通常要帶定冠詞，此時(shí)可視為比較級(jí)后省略了有關(guān)的名詞或代詞 one，即定冠詞實(shí)為修飾被省略的名詞或代詞 one：This dictionary is the more useful of the tw

6、o. 在兩本詞典中，這本更有用。用于 “ the+比較級(jí)， the+ 比較級(jí) ”，表示 “越來越 ”：The sooner, the better. 越快越好。The more dangerous it is, the more I like it.事情越是危險(xiǎn)我越喜歡。最高級(jí)前冠詞使用規(guī)律在形容詞最高級(jí)前通常有 the：This is the best room in the hotel.這是這個(gè)賓館里最好的房間。當(dāng)最高級(jí)形容詞用作表語 (尤其是當(dāng)在 which 后)且不帶比較范圍時(shí)， the 有時(shí) (尤其是非正式場(chǎng)合 )可以省略：This dictionary is (the) best.

7、 這本詞典最好。但是，當(dāng)處于表語位置的最高級(jí)帶有比較范圍或帶有限定性修飾語時(shí)，其前的the 通常不能省去：This dictionary is the best I could find.這是我能找到的最好的詞典。當(dāng)要對(duì)同一個(gè)人或事物在不同情況下進(jìn)行對(duì)比時(shí)， 處于表語位置的最高級(jí)形容詞前不能加 the：Vegetables are best when they are fresh. 蔬菜新鮮時(shí)最好吃。比較： Hes busiest on Sunday.他星期天最忙。 (他與自己平時(shí)比 )He s the busiest of all the people.在所有人當(dāng)中他最忙。(他與別人比 )在

8、副詞最高級(jí)前可用 the，也可省略：Among them, he studies (the) hardest.在他們當(dāng)中，他學(xué)習(xí)最刻苦。與形容詞的最高級(jí)一樣， 當(dāng)要對(duì)同一個(gè)人或事物在不同情況下進(jìn)行對(duì)比時(shí)， 副詞最高級(jí)前也不能加 the：She works hardest when shedoings something for her family. 她為自己家干活時(shí)最賣力。比較： Of all the workers, he works (the) hardest.在所有工人中，他干活最賣力。than 后的省略。若 than 所連接的兩個(gè)待比較的句子有相同成分，通常有所省略，He is mu

9、ch taller than I (am). 而不能說 He is much taller than I am tall.但是，若所連接的兩個(gè)待比較的句子沒有相同成分，則不能省略，否則意思會(huì)有所變化。比較：He swims faster than I run.他游泳比我跑步還快。He swims faster than I.他游泳比我 (游泳 )快。比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的常見修飾語比較級(jí)的修飾語有 far, even, still, a lot, lots, a great deal, a bit, rather, three times, any, no, very much 等：This is

10、very much better.這個(gè)好得多。Japanese is much far more difficult than English.日語比英語難多了。He knew a great deal more than I did.他所了解的比我了解的多得多。He works hard, but she works still harder harder still.他工作很努力，但她工作更努力。4最高級(jí)的常見修飾語有 (by) far, much, nearly, almost, not quite, by no means, very, second, next 等：He is far

11、 more careful than I am.他比我仔細(xì)得多。This is by the best news for a long time.這是很久以來最最好的消息。This is much the most important.這是最最重要的。I think this is the very best dictionary.我想這是最最好的詞典。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河流。Of the three boys Jim is by no means the cleverest. 在這三個(gè)男

12、孩子中，吉姆絕不是最聰明的。注： very 不能修飾比較級(jí)，卻可修飾最高級(jí)，但它與一般的修飾最高的副詞有所不同，即它要放在最高級(jí)前定冠詞之后，而不是之前 (另外， second, third, next 等也要入在定冠詞之后 )。五、常見比較等級(jí)句型當(dāng) A B 時(shí)，用 “比較級(jí) + than + 比較對(duì)象 ”來表示。如：My room is smaller than yours. 我的房間比你的小。注意：一般來說，比較對(duì)象為人稱代詞時(shí)，用主格或賓格均可。但是，當(dāng)句子中謂語動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，人稱代詞用主格或賓格意義不同。如：I like you better than he (likes you

13、).我比他更喜歡你。I like you better than (he likes) him.我喜歡你勝過喜歡他。用 A B，表示最高級(jí)（1）直接使用比較級(jí)How beautiful she sings! Ive never heard a better voice.She has the best voice Ive ever heard.她唱得多好??！這是我聽到的最美的歌喉。I have never read a more interesting novel.It is the most interesting novel Ive ever read.這是我讀過的最有趣的小說。（2）比較

14、級(jí)+ than + the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí) + than+ the rest of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí) + than+ any of the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級(jí) + than+ any other +單數(shù)名詞（比較雙方屬于同一類別或同一范圍內(nèi)。即表示“同一范圍內(nèi)的一者比其他的更. ）?！北容^級(jí)+ than+ any+ 單數(shù)名詞（比較雙方不屬于同一類別或同一范圍內(nèi)。即表示 “不同范圍內(nèi)的一者比其他任何一者都更. ）。”She goes to school earlier than the other girls.她比其他女孩早上學(xué)。He works harder than a

15、ny other student.她學(xué)習(xí)最用功。China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.中國(guó)是亞洲最大的國(guó)家（3）比較級(jí) + than + anything/ anyone elseGeorge did more work than anyone else.喬治干活最多。Tom cared more for money than for anything else 湯姆最喜歡錢。（4）在比較句型中使用no, nobody, nothing等詞。5I like nothing better than swimming.我最喜

16、歡游泳。Nobody can do the work better than he did.這項(xiàng)工作他做得最出色。No other building is as grand as the new hotel.新建的賓館是當(dāng)?shù)刈詈廊A的。當(dāng) A = B 時(shí)，用 “ as +原級(jí) + as + 比較對(duì)象 ”來表示。如：She is as tall as me。她與我一樣高。He gets up as early as his parents. 他起床與他父母起得一樣早。5. 當(dāng) A B 時(shí)，用 “ not so /as +原級(jí)+ as +比較對(duì)象 ”來表示。如：I m not as so lucky

17、as you. 我不像你那么幸運(yùn)。He doesn t study as so hard as Mary.他學(xué)習(xí)不如瑪麗努力。當(dāng) A = 數(shù)字 B 時(shí)，用下列結(jié)構(gòu)來表示：用“數(shù)字 + times + as + 原級(jí) + as +比較對(duì)象 ”來表示。如：Their house is about three times as big as ours.他們的房子大約有我們房子三倍大。(2) 用“數(shù)字 + times + the size / length / depth / height / width + of +比較對(duì)象 ” 來表示。如：Your office is three times th

18、e size of ours.你的辦公室是我們辦公室的三倍大。用“數(shù)字 + times + 比較級(jí) + than + 比較對(duì)象 ”來表示。如：He runs three times faster than Jack. 他比杰克跑得快三倍。注：若指兩倍，以上各句型中的“數(shù)字 +times”則應(yīng)換成 twice。如：This room is twice the length of the other, but much narrower. 這個(gè)房間的長(zhǎng)度是那個(gè)房間的兩倍 , 但窄得多。7. 在三者或三者以上的人或物中，用最高級(jí)表示，結(jié)構(gòu)為“ the + 最高級(jí)+ 比較范圍 ”。如：She is t

19、he best player in the team. 她是隊(duì)里最優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。He works the hardest of all the students.他是所有學(xué)生中最用功的。表示 “越來越 ”時(shí)，用 “比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí) ”。如：Your English is getting better and better. 你的英語越來越好了。It s becoming more and more difficult to find a job. 找工作越來越困難了。表示 “越 就越 ”時(shí)，用 “ the + 比較級(jí)， the + 比較級(jí) ”。如：The younger you

20、are, the easier it is to learn. 年紀(jì)越輕，學(xué)習(xí)越容易。The more money you make, the more you spend. 你掙的錢越多，花的錢也越多。否“定詞 +謂語 +比較級(jí) ”相當(dāng)于最高級(jí)。如：I ve never seen a nicer bird than this one.=This bird is the nicest bird I ve ever seen.這是我所見過的最好的鳥。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.她唱得多好??！我從來沒有聽

21、過這么動(dòng)聽的聲音。11.Who / Which + be + 比較級(jí) ， A or B ？Who is taller ， Tom or John ？12 + be + the 比較級(jí) + of the two. （兩個(gè)之中比較 的那一個(gè)， 包含在兩個(gè)之中） Tom is the taller of the two. = Tom is taller than the other boy.13 much / a lot / even / far +比較級(jí)A compute is much more expensive than a bicycle.計(jì)算機(jī)比自行車貴多了。614. Who / Whi

22、ch + be + 最高級(jí)， A， B， or C ？Who is the tallest ，Tom， Jack ，or David ？ Tom， Jack 與 David 三個(gè)人中誰最高？15、 + be + one of the +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示 “最 的 之一 ”。The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黃河是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流之一。16、 + be +the + 序數(shù)詞 +最高級(jí) +單數(shù)名詞 + 范圍 ”，表示 “是 。的第幾”。She is the second tallest student in our c

23、lass. 她是我們班第二高的學(xué)生。17、 + be + the 最高級(jí) that 某人 have/ has ever + 過去分詞。This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 這是我看過的最有趣的書。六 比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換原級(jí)與比較級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)換的常見句型：not so (as) +單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞 + as 單音節(jié)形容詞或副詞的反義詞比較級(jí)+ than 。例如：Tom is not so(as) tall as John. Tom is shorter than John. not so (as) + 多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞

24、+ as less + 多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+ than 。例如：Tom is not so(as) careful as Mary. Tom is less careful than Mary.比較級(jí)間的轉(zhuǎn)換：常改變比較對(duì)象的位置并使用形容詞或副詞的反義詞。例如：John is younger than Bill. Bill is older than John.Li Mei comes earlier than Ma Hong every day. Ma Hong comes later than Li Mei every day.比較級(jí)轉(zhuǎn)換為最高級(jí)的常見句型：比較級(jí) +than + a

25、ny other + 單數(shù)名詞。例如： Zhang Lei is taller than any other student in his class. Zhang Lei is the tallest student in his class.比較級(jí) + than + the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞。例如： Mike is younger than the other boys in his class. Mike is the youngest boy in his class. 比較級(jí) + than + anyone/ anythingelse。例如：Mr Smith is fatte

26、r than anyone else in his office.Mr Smith is the fattest in his office.never +比較級(jí)。例如：I have never seen a better film.This is the best film I have ever seen. I have never slept better .This is th e best sleep I have ever had.7單項(xiàng)選擇1 Which city has _population, Beijing, Guiyang or Nanchong?Beijing, of

27、course.A. the largestB. the smallestC. the mostD. the least2 Lin Shuhao is now one of_basketball players in the NBA.A. popularB. more popularC. the most popular3 I work hard this term, but Peter works much _.D. the hardestA. hardB. harderC. hardest4 Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in G

28、ansu Province. Its_ one that Ihave ever heard of.B. a more seriousA. a very seriousC. the most seriousD. the least seriousdirtier.5 If there is _ pollution, the air in our city will beA less; more B more; much C less; lessD more; more6 The_ you work at your lessons, the_ results you will get.A. hard

29、; goodB. harder; goodC. hard; betterD. harder; better7 Theworld populationsis growing_, and there is _ land and water forgrowing rice.B. larger; fewerC. more; lessD. more; fewerA. larger; less8Let s go shopping at the new mall.Why not shop online? Its.A. expensiveB. more expensiveC. less expensive D

30、. the most expensive9 A number of volunteerswilling to teach in Chinaareasrural.Yes, the number is getting.A. is; bigger and biggerB. are; bigger and biggerC. is; more and moreD. are more and moreof the three.10 This schoolbag is not expensive. And the price of it is theA. lowestB. biggestC. highest

31、D. smallest11 She sang a song I believe I can flyin Yangzhou English Classics Reading Contest. Ihave never heard avoice than that before.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best12. He speaks French well, but of course not _ a person born in France.A. as clear asB. clearer thanC. as clearly asD. the more clear

32、ly13 You should practice more to improve your English, then youatll beit.A. goodB. betterC. bestD. the best14.Today its normal for married women to go out to work, but it was _ in the past.A. commonB. more commonC. less commonD. the most common15. You are doing great! Ive never had_ answer before.A.

33、 betterB. bestC. a betterD. the best16. Helen, can I wear jeans and a T-shirt to the school talent show?OK, but a dress might be _.D. worseA. goodB. badC. better17 In the talent show, I performed well and Ann did even_.A. wellB. betterC. moreD. worse18 Breakfast is _ meal of the day. It provides us

34、with energy after a long night withoutfood.A. importantB. more importantC. the most importantD. very important19Tom is_ than any other players in the school team A tallBtallerCtallestDmore tall20 Peter has changed a lot, hasn t he?Yes. He used tothe guitar, but now he is morein playing soccer.A. pla

35、ys; interestedB. play; interestedC. play; interestingD. playing; interest21 Mike always does his homework as_the exams.A. goodB. wellC. Better822 Which do you like _, summer or winter? I d prefer winter.A. better B. bestC. good D. well23 Who listens _, Tom, Jack or Bill?D. more carefulA. the most ca

36、refullyB. more carefullyC. the most careful24What do you think of the film you saw yesterday?Oh! It s one offilms I ve ever seen.A. interestingB. more interestingC. most interestingD. the most interesting25 -Its summer now the weather is getting_.D. colder and colderA. higher and higherB. lower and

37、lowerC. hotter and hotter26 When winter comes, days get _.A. long and longB. short and shortC. longer and longerD. shorter and shorter27 Someone says Time is money.But I think time is_ important than money.A. lessB. muchC. evenmoreD. much least28 At present, blogs aretraditional diaries ( 日記 ) among

38、 young people.A. very popularB. as popular as C. notso popularasD. much morepopular than29.- Is Tokyo the largest city in Japan?- Yes, its larger thanin Japan .A. any cityB. any other cityC. any citiesD. all the cities .30. China is larger than _ in Asia and also larger than _ in Europe.A. any country; any countryB. any country; any other countryC. any other country; any countryD. any other country; any other country31.Mr Smith ,our English teacher , is older thanstudent in our class.A. any otherB. the otherC. anyD. any o