高中英語選擇性必修三 同步課時強化訓(xùn)練Unit 2 Reading and Thinking-Language Points

1、Period TwoReading and ThinkingLanguage Points.重點單詞1abuse n濫用；虐待；辱罵 vt.濫用；虐待；辱罵2dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢3cue n提示；暗示；信號 vt.給(某人)暗示(或提示)4reward n回報；獎勵；報酬 vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬5facilitate vt.促進；促使；使便利6negative adj.消極的；有害的；否定的7pessimistic adj.悲觀的；悲觀主義的8discipline n自制力；紀(jì)律；學(xué)科 vt.自我控制；管教；處罰9physical adj.身體的；客觀存在

2、的；物理學(xué)的physics n物理10repeatedly adv.重復(fù)地repeat vt.重復(fù)11psychology n心理學(xué)；心理；心理影響psychological adj.心理學(xué)的12rely vi.依賴；依靠；信賴reliable adj.可信賴的13examine vt.(仔細)檢查；審查；測驗examination n測試；檢查掌握規(guī)律巧記單詞psychology n.心理學(xué)；心理；心理影響psychological adj.心理學(xué)的例如：historyhistoricalrely vi.依賴；依靠；信賴reliable adj.可信賴的例如：affordaffordable

3、examine vt.仔細檢查；審查；測驗examination n.測試；檢查例如：combine combination.核心短語1in response to回答；答復(fù)2rely on依賴；依靠；信賴3straight away立即；馬上4decide on決定；選定5lead to導(dǎo)致6over and over again一遍又一遍地7aside from除了還有8give up放棄9after all畢竟，終究.經(jīng)典句式1狀語從句的省略These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when th

4、ey become adults.這些壞習(xí)慣，如果不加以控制，在他們長大后會變成更糟糕的壞習(xí)慣。2過去分詞短語作定語There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.”有一條基于亞里士多德哲學(xué)思想的著名諺語說道：“重復(fù)的行為造就了我們?！?not.but.不是而是In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time.事實上，最成功的改變方法不是突然的

5、，而是要經(jīng)過一段時間。重點詞匯 To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential.避免這樣的壞習(xí)慣控制青少年的生活是非常必要的。dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有優(yōu)勢be dominated by.被控制domination n.控制；支配dominant adj.占支配地位的；占優(yōu)勢的；顯著的(1)Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stab

6、le over the long term.(2019天津)食物網(wǎng)或許被很多弱的連接控制，因為那種安排從長遠看更穩(wěn)定。(2)In recent years，social policy has been dominated(dominate) by cutting down expenses.最近幾年，社會政策一直以削減開支為主。(3)It is natural that some companies are fighting for domination(dominate) of the market.一些公司爭取市場控制權(quán)，這很正常。(4)The firm has achieved a do

7、minant(dominate) position in the world market.這家公司在國際市場上占有舉足輕重的地位。高級表達(5)As he was dominated by his father，he couldnt make his own decision.Dominated by his father，he couldnt make his own decision.(用非謂語動詞改寫) Secondly，there is a “routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.其次，有一個“日常行為

8、”，即你回應(yīng)暗示的常規(guī)行為。in response to 回答；回復(fù)response n回答；回復(fù)respond vi.回答；回復(fù)respond to 回答；回復(fù)(1)The product was developed in response to customers demand.為了滿足顧客的要求，開發(fā)了這個產(chǎn)品。(2)I asked him his name，but he didnt respond.我問他的名字，可他沒有回答。(3)I received an encouraging response(respond) to my advertisement.我的廣告宣傳有了令人鼓舞的回

9、應(yīng)。一句多譯(4)他舉行了一個大的派對來回應(yīng)那個消息。He held a big party to respond to the news.(respond)He held a big party in response to the news.(response) Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.第三，有“回報”，即我們從日常行為中得到的好東西或感覺。reward n.回報；獎勵；報酬 vt.獎勵；獎賞；給以報酬give/offer a reward to sb.f

10、or (doing) sth.為(做)某事而給某人報酬in reward (for)作為(對的)回報、獎賞reward sb.with sth.for (doing) sth.為(做)某事用某物獎賞/酬謝某人rewarding adj.有益的；有意義的(1)The researchers then tested how the monkeys combinedor addedthe symbols to get the reward.(2019全國)研究者隨后測試了這些猴子如何組合或添加這些符號來獲得獎勵。(2)She started singing to the baby and was r

11、ewarded with a smile.她開始對著嬰兒唱歌，嬰兒對她回報以微笑。(3)Its unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.他辛苦工作卻得到很少回報是不公平的。(4)Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding(reward) experience.(2018北京)沿著古絲綢之路旅行是一次有趣而又有意義的經(jīng)歷。易混辨析award，reward，prizeaward：作名詞指“獎品，獎金”等；作動詞表示“授予，給予；判給

12、”，可以跟雙賓語，award sb.sth.把某物授予/判給某人。reward：作名詞表示“賞金，獎勵”或一些非金錢的報酬；作動詞表示“獎賞，酬謝”，只能以人或人的行為作賓語。prize：只能作名詞，表示“獎賞，獎金，獎品”，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽。選詞填空award，reward，prize(5)Hundreds of prizes can be won in our newspaper competition.(6)A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.(7)After graduation he was

13、 awarded a lot of money to do research.一句多譯(8)他們因他救了那個小孩而獎賞他。They gave a reward to him for saving the child.(reward n)They rewarded him for saving the child.(reward v) To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.想要促使壞習(xí)慣朝著積極的

14、方向變化，首先必須審視自己的壞習(xí)慣回環(huán)，然后盡力去調(diào)整。facilitate vt.促進；促使；使便利facilitation n.促進；便利facilitator n.推動者；促進者(1)The wise man may facilitate communication between the couple.這位智者或許能促進這對夫婦之間的交流。(2)We welcome them and will provide all possible facilitation(facilitate) and assistance.我們對他們表示歡迎，并將提供一切可能的便利和協(xié)助。(3)There is

15、 no doubt that he is the best facilitator(facilitate)毫無疑問，他是最好的推動者。高級表達(4)The local government will build a new airport which facilitates the development of tourism.The local government will build a new airport facilitating the development of tourism.(用非謂語動詞改寫)examine vt.(仔細)檢查；審查；測驗examination n.測試

16、；審查examiner n.主考人；考官(5)In one study，Dr Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents.(2019全國)在一項研究中，普林斯頓博士測試了235個青少年的兩種受歡迎程度。(6)In his opinion，he should have the new system examined(examine) as soon as possible.在他看來，他應(yīng)該盡快讓人檢驗這種新系統(tǒng)。(7)With the examination(examine) approaching，the

17、students began to feel nervous.隨著考試的臨近，學(xué)生們開始覺得緊張了。 Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up.我們中的很多人都想很快改掉壞習(xí)慣，如果我們沒有立刻成功，我們經(jīng)常會變得悲觀，從而放棄。straight away立即；馬上“立刻，馬上”的其他表達：right away；right now；at once；in no time；as soon

18、as possible(1)Hearing the news，I gave him a call straight away.聽到這個消息，我立刻給他打了電話。(2)Seeing the policeman，the thief ran away at once.看到警察，那個小偷立刻逃跑了。(3)When they approached the tree，the bird flew away in no time.他們靠近這棵樹時，鳥兒立刻飛走了。pessimistic adj.悲觀的；悲觀主義的be pessimistic about對悲觀optimistic adj.樂觀的be optim

19、istic about對樂觀(4)I think you are being far too pessimistic.我覺得你過于悲觀了。(5)The doctors are pessimistic about his chances of recovery.醫(yī)生們對他康復(fù)的可能性不樂觀。(6)He was badly injured，but he was very optimistic about his future.他傷得很重，但是他對未來很樂觀。 After all，it is not easy to break bad habits.畢竟，改掉壞習(xí)慣并不容易。after all畢竟，

20、終究all in all總而言之in all總共；共計at all根本；全然常用于否定句、疑問句、條件句中加強語氣above all首先；最重要的是first of all首先(1)“After all，everyone has bad days and good days，”he said.(2019浙江)他說：“畢竟每個人都有壞日子和好日子。”(2)All in all，I appreciated being taken to this nice island.總之，我很感激被帶到這個美麗的島上來。(3)First of all，it is now easier to replace an

21、 object than to spend time and money to repair it.首先，現(xiàn)在替換一樣?xùn)|西比花時間和金錢來修補它更容易。(4)We must work，and above all we must have faith in ourselves.我們必須工作，最重要的是我們必須相信自己。 .you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.你必須考慮一下你的壞習(xí)慣，決定做些改變。decide on決定；選定decide to do sth.決定做某事decision n決定make

22、 a decision做出決定arrive at/come to/reach a decision做出決定(1)Have you decided on a date for the wedding?你們定好婚禮日期了嗎？(2)It is hard to decide(decide) for me which one to choose.我很難決定選哪一個。(3)Choosing your future career is an extremely important decision(decide)選擇你未來的職業(yè)是極為重要的決定。經(jīng)典句式These bad habits，if left un

23、checked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.這些壞習(xí)慣，如果不加以控制，在他們長大后會變成更糟糕的壞習(xí)慣。句中的if left unchecked是狀語從句的省略，補充完整為：if they are left unchecked。狀語從句省略的條件：從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且從句的謂語中含有be動詞，可以將從句的主語和be動詞一起省略。如果狀語從句中出現(xiàn)了it is/was時，可以把it is/was一起省略。(1)While staying in the village，James shared what

24、ever he had with the villagers.待在村子里的那段時間，詹姆斯同村民分享了他所擁有的一切。(2)While wandering(wander) around，she met this lovely woman.在閑逛時，她遇到了這位可愛的女士。(3)Once begun(begin)，the project is hard to stop.一旦開始，這個項目就很難停下來了。(4)If necessary，I will go there to have a talk with her.如果有必要，我會去和她談一談。.單句語法填空1Youd better not be

25、too strict with her.After all，she is only four.2The young couple decided on the nice island for their holiday.3She used to be pessimistic about her life，but now she has changed.4In this situation，you must manage to inform him straight away.5The old man went to the hospital to have his body examined(

26、examine) regularly.6What will the new actor do in response(respond) to the funny news?7He had been a dominant(dominate) figure in her life.8I will lend her some money in reward for her timely help.9She is so strongminded that she wont give up her dream easily.10The teacher will offer you some method

27、s of facilitating(facilitate) learning.完成句子11When asked about the accident，he kept silent in order not to lose his job.當(dāng)被問及這個事故時，他保持了沉默，為的是不丟掉這份工作。12At last，the girl remembered the long sentence repeated many times.最后，這個女孩記住了這個被重復(fù)了多次的長句子。13What he is worried about is not your physical health but you

28、r mental health.他擔(dān)心的不是你的身體健康而是你的心理健康。14The young man is reliable so you can rely on him when you get into trouble.這個年輕人很可靠，所以你遇到困難時可以依靠他。15The scientist decided to find a way to help the children dominated by computer games.這位科學(xué)家決定找到一個辦法來幫助這些被電腦游戲控制的孩子?；A(chǔ)鞏固.單詞拼寫1As a reward for good behavior，treat y

29、our child to a new toy.2When he was at college，he was crazy about psychology(心理學(xué))3Little children shouldnt drink something containing alcohol(酒精)4Everything will go well，so you neednt be so pessimistic about your future.5It was that image of calm and discipline(自制力) that appealed to voters.6She told

30、 me that she was often disturbed by some negative(消極的) thoughts.7The woman examined the bag carefully，only to find that it contained some papers.8He argued that the economic recovery had been facilitated by his tough power.單句語法填空9They asked him to give a speech，but he made no response(respond)10I re

31、ally didnt know why they had decided on that boy to help them.11As a matter of fact，not everyone is so pessimistic about the future.12Applicants are selected for jobs on the results of a competitive examination(examine)13It is a hard job，but at the same time it is a rewarding(reward) job.14When I go

32、 on a journey，my mother often reminds me repeatedly(repeat)15The young man rushed into the castle to rescue the boy dominated(dominate) by the group.16Youd better pay attention to their physical(physics) health as well as their mental health.單句寫作17這位老人選定了一個日子慶祝我們的成功。(decide on)The old man has decide

33、d on a date to celebrate our success.18檢查過這些包裹，他就派人去送了。(examine)Having examined these parcels，he sent someone to deliver them.19顯然，他渴望做些事情來回報他們的善意。(reward)It is clear that he is eager to do something in reward for their kindness.20最后，她離開家來回應(yīng)丈夫的惡行。(in response to)At last，she left their home in respon

34、se to her husbands bad behavior.能力提升.閱讀理解What do you usually do when you have some free time？Do you take part in any form of hobby？If your answer is no，then you should think twice.Cultivating some types of interest or hobbies might be the ideal way to develop your brain and improve your creative thi

35、nking.Here is a common problem that many older people have.They have spent such a great deal of time raising their family that once their children are grown and left home，they all of a sudden start to experience their age.Quite often，it is not their age that is the concern.It is the fact that they a

36、re unexpectedly offered more time on their hands.When you put in too much time not doing anything，this can affect your brain.This is just where the expression “If you dont use it，you lose it” definitely is the truth.Your mind needs working out much like any other muscles in your body.This is why get

37、ting a hobby matters.It offers you something to do and is a perfect way to meet new people.Enjoying a hobby is also a perfect way to improve creative thinking at any age.Even young children can profit from taking a new hobby.For retired people，enjoying a hobby which they can find entertainment in wi

38、th their grandchildren will help keep them active and feel young at heart.Several hobbies that are terrific for both your mind and your body include yoga，biking，swimming and golf.If you arent fond of sports，even taking a walk regularly is a wonderful way to keep active.It helps you to appreciate fre

39、sh scenery and it has been suggested that the colors green and blue help make you more creative.As you can see above，you can get pretty much from taking a hobby.With so many choices waiting for you，begin your journey right away!語篇解讀文章介紹了業(yè)余愛好對老年人的好處：鍛煉腦力、強身健體。作者呼吁人們馬上行動起來。1What can be implied about m

40、any older people from Paragraph 2?AThey lack creative thinking.BThey should develop their brain.CThey concern about their age.DThey used to have little free time.答案D解析推理判斷題。由第二段內(nèi)容可知，很多老年人年輕時把時間主要用來養(yǎng)家糊口，年老之后，他們擔(dān)心的不是變老，而是他們有了過多的可以自由支配的時間。由此推知，他們原來很少有自由時間。故D選項正確。2Why does getting a hobby matter accordi

41、ng to the text?AIt strengthens ones brain.BIt helps build up ones muscles.CIt enables one to make friends.DIt improves ones living conditions.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Your mind needs working out much like any other muscles in your body.This is why getting a hobby matters.”可知，就像你身體的其他部位一樣，你的大腦需要鍛煉。這就是業(yè)余愛好重要

42、的原因。由此可知，業(yè)余愛好可以鍛煉大腦、增強腦力。故A選項正確。3What does the underlined word “terrific” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?ASpecific. BDisgusting.CWonderful. DFundamental.答案C解析詞義猜測題。第三段和第四段主要介紹了業(yè)余愛好可以鍛煉腦力，同時對身體有好處。結(jié)合選項可知，該畫線單詞意思應(yīng)為C選項。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ATrying Different HobbiesBS

43、pending Your Free TimeCExperiencing Your Hobby NowDFeeling Young at Heart答案C解析標(biāo)題歸納題。文章主要介紹了業(yè)余愛好對老年人的好處。最后一段是總結(jié)段，提到了你可以從業(yè)余愛好中受益。你可以有很多選擇，馬上開始吧。故C項適合作該文標(biāo)題。.完形填空I have forgotten the name of the old lady，who was a customer on my newspaper route.Yet it remains in my memory that she taught me a lesson in

44、1 that I shall never forget.On a winter afternoon，a friend and I were throwing stones onto the roof of the old ladys house near her garden.The 2 was to observe how the stones changed to missiles as they 3 to the roofs edge and fell into the yard like comets(彗星) falling from the sky.I found myself a

45、perfectly smooth rock and threw it.The stone was too 4 ，however，so it slipped from my hand as I let it go and headed straight for a small window.At the sound of broken glass，we knew we were in 5 .We ran faster than any of our stones flying off her roof.I was too 6 about getting caught that first nig

46、ht to be 7 about the old lady with the broken window in winter. 8 ，a few days later，when I was sure that I hadnt been discovered，I started to feel 9 for her trouble.She still greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the newspaper，but I was no longer able to act 10 when seeing her.I decided t

47、hat I would save my paper delivery money，and in three weeks I had the seven dollars that I thought would 11 the cost of her window and sent it to her in an envelope.The next day，I handed the old lady her paper.She thanked me for the paper and gave me a bag of biscuits she had made herself.I thanked

48、her and ate the biscuits 12 I continued my route.After several cookies，I felt an envelope and pulled it out of the 13 .When I opened the envelope，I was 14 .Inside were the seven dollars and a short note that 15 ， “Im proud of you.”語篇解讀本文是記敘文。作者在不小心打碎鄰居家的玻璃以后逃跑了，并希望不要被發(fā)現(xiàn)。后來卻因為愧疚主動去彌補過失，結(jié)果得到了對方的原諒。1A.

49、forgiveness Bvalue Chonesty Dgratefulness答案A解析forgiveness寬恕，原諒；value價值；honesty誠實；gratefulness感激。根據(jù)后文可知，老太太并沒有責(zé)怪作者和作者朋友的行為， 也原諒了他們把玻璃打碎的事情， 故選A。2A.subject BthemeCtopic Dobject答案D解析subject主題，學(xué)科； theme主題，話題； topic主題； object目標(biāo)。根據(jù)句意可知，作者和朋友扔石子的目的是觀察石頭在空中運動的軌跡， 故選D。3A.shot BrolledCgot Ddropped答案B解析根據(jù)句意可知，

50、作者是想要觀察石頭從屋頂上滾落下來到院子中的那個過程， 故選B。4A.smooth BsquareCheavy Dbeautiful答案A解析根據(jù)句意和后文可知， 這塊石頭十分光滑， 故選A。5A.danger BtroubleCsurprise Dcomfort答案B解析根據(jù)句意可知，因為打碎了別人家的玻璃， 作者和朋友意識到他們遇到了麻煩， 故選B。6A.scared BexcitedCdisappointed Dconfused答案A解析scared害怕的；excited興奮的；disappointed沮喪的， 失望的；confused困惑的。根據(jù)句意可知，作者十分害怕因為打碎了人家的窗

51、戶而被抓到， 故選A。7A.frightened BdepressedCpuzzled Dconcerned答案D解析frightened害怕的； depressed沮喪的， 抑郁的； puzzled困惑的； concerned擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)句意可知，作者當(dāng)晚十分害怕， 根本就沒有擔(dān)心在寒冷的冬天窗戶被打破的老太太， 故選D。8A.However BThereforeCBesides DFurthermore答案A解析根據(jù)句意和語境可以推斷，過了幾天都沒事， 作者以為自己沒被發(fā)現(xiàn)， 這里表轉(zhuǎn)折， 故選A。9A.honoured BguiltyCpleased Dpressed 答案B解析hono

52、ured光榮的，榮幸的； guilty內(nèi)疚的；pleased愉快的；pressed(時間、資金等)緊缺的，短缺的，壓平的。根據(jù)句意可知，因為沒被發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者現(xiàn)在看到老太太就會感到很愧疚， 故選B。10A.proud BactiveCcomfortable Denergetic 答案C解析proud自豪的； active積極的；comfortable舒服的， 自然的；energetic有活力的。根據(jù)句意可知，作者因為心懷愧疚，所以面對那位老太太時會覺得心里不舒服， 故選C。11A.include BincreaseCcover Dmend答案C解析include包括；increase增加； cov

53、er足以支付； mend修理。根據(jù)句意可知，作者積攢了一點錢，想要交給那個老太太來賠償自己打破窗戶造成的損失， 故選C。12A.because BwhereCsince Das答案D解析根據(jù)句意可知，作者謝謝老婦人給了自己餅干，一邊吃著餅干，一邊繼續(xù)送報紙。as在此引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故選D。13A.paper BpocketCbag Dwallet答案C解析根據(jù)前文可知，餅干是裝在一個袋子里的， 此時作者在其中摸到了一個信封， 故選C。14A.annoyed BsurprisedCamused Ddelighted答案B解析annoyed煩惱的； surprised驚訝的；amused愉快的； delighted高興的。根據(jù)前后文可知，作者此時看到信封里的東西是感到很驚訝的， 故選B。15A.attached BsaidCtold Dwrote答案B解析便簽條上或信上寫著什么一般用say來表達， 故選B。.語法填空A healthy lifestyle is related 1. physical and mental fitness.Do you