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1、如何提高聽力技巧順利地通過四級聽力考試在語言的四個技能中,聽與讀屬“接受型”技能,說與寫屬“創(chuàng)造型”技能。聽力的“接受”性質(zhì)決定了聽能的提高必須依大量的聽力實踐訓(xùn)練來實現(xiàn)。初期階段會出現(xiàn)“坐飛機”的現(xiàn)象,但不必?fù)?dān)憂,因為在這種不斷“轟擊”下,耳朵會逐漸敏銳,從開始只能抓住只言片語到能接受一個完整句子,直至大腦完全適應(yīng)了這種語速,接下來便是行使其記憶與判斷的功能了。四級聽力能力的訓(xùn)練和應(yīng)試方法二、 如何聽好對話(Short Conversation)如何聽好短文(Short Passage)如何聽好復(fù)合式聽寫(Compound Dictation) 四級聽力能力的訓(xùn)練和應(yīng)試方法(一)聽力訓(xùn)練中注

2、意培養(yǎng)幾種能力(二)聽力考試的應(yīng)試方法(一)在聽力訓(xùn)練中注意培養(yǎng)幾種能力1、短期記憶能力 1)復(fù)述記憶法 2)情景記憶法 3)重點記憶法4)關(guān)鍵詞、句記憶法短時記憶能力在聽力考試中是非常重要的,只有記住了所聽的信息,才能將信息進(jìn)行綜合、歸納,填出滿意的答案。聽力測試中的短文相對較長,這對考生抓細(xì)節(jié)的能力要求較高,不但要聽懂,而且還要能將聽懂的信息記住,如果聽了就忘,到做題時,什么也想不起來,豈不是令人遺憾?因此,在平日練習(xí)時,應(yīng)有意識地培養(yǎng)自己短時記憶的能力,養(yǎng)成邊聽邊記的好習(xí)慣。2、實戰(zhàn)中聽音會意的能力培養(yǎng)在只聽一遍連貫錄音的情況下捕捉主要信息的能力。3、快速閱讀的能力 為了提高閱讀速度,我

3、們在平時的閱讀中,可以根據(jù)文章的頁碼和字?jǐn)?shù)的多少來限定讀完的時間。(二)應(yīng)試方法 1、聽前(Pre-listening)充分利用考試中可以利用的時間。在放音之前抓緊時機速讀書面選擇項,對可能提出的問題及涉及的內(nèi)容方面作出粗略的預(yù)測和推斷。 2、聽時(While-Listening)在聽音中要利用在預(yù)測中得到的潛在信息和讀音的快慢、高低等聲音手段抓好聽音的重點,并利用符號、圖示等方法迅速記錄要點,促進(jìn)有效記憶。這就需要同學(xué)們學(xué)會巧記,如可以先記下較長單詞的首字母,使自己在做題時回憶起聽過的內(nèi)容。還可以自己創(chuàng)造一些小符號,如上升、增加、得到改善等,可以用個向上的小箭頭來表示,以幫助掌握聽力材料的重

4、點??傊?,要養(yǎng)成眼耳并用的習(xí)慣,一邊用耳聽,一邊用眼瀏覽答案,把捕捉信息與選擇答案結(jié)合起來同時進(jìn)行。同時一邊聽音,一邊進(jìn)行分析、整理。在對話或短文的試題中,如有做不出來的題目,請先空在那里,集中精力聽好下道題。 3、聽后(Post-Listening) 聽完錄音后要迅速回憶整理所聽懂的內(nèi)容,并根據(jù)提問來選擇或檢驗答案。要嚴(yán)格控制答題時間,在短暫的10秒鐘左右的時間內(nèi)作出自信的反應(yīng)。二、 如何聽好對話(Short Conversation)(一)從書面選擇項中尋找潛在的信息(二)捕捉對話中的重點信息(三)提高數(shù)字與計算題的訓(xùn)練技巧(四)理解對話的內(nèi)涵意義(五)聽懂對話必先把握動詞(一)從書面選擇

5、項中尋找潛在的信息預(yù)測的兩大作用預(yù)測的四個時機預(yù)測的三種方法 1、預(yù)測的兩大作用 1)有一條魚分別在一條大河里、一個池塘里和一個水盆里,哪種情況下更容易捕捉到它? 2)在射擊中準(zhǔn)星為什么要瞄準(zhǔn)靶心?因為范圍越小就越容易捕捉到目標(biāo),故預(yù)測的第一個作用就是“縮小”捕捉信息的范圍,又因為瞄準(zhǔn)方向才能擊中目標(biāo),故預(yù)測的第二個作用就是朝著要搜尋的目標(biāo)“定向”,有的放矢地去聽。 2、預(yù)測的時機1)完成快速閱讀后,中間有5分鐘的收卷時間,即可預(yù)習(xí)聽力部分(短文,長對話)。2)在Section A開始時有一段介紹試題做法的Directions 和Example, 時間約為1分5O秒, 在Section B的開

6、頭也有一段Directions,時間約為40秒,考生如已熟悉它們的內(nèi)容,這些時間也可以全部利用。2)正式考試前將書面選擇項瀏覽一遍,可以對試題的內(nèi)容有一個粗略的印象。但在錄音播放每道題目前,如能將注意力再次集中到該題的書面選擇項中,作具體的預(yù)測分析,會取得更好的效果。這要求考生控制好答題的時間,在每兩題間約15秒的空隙時間里,用l0秒鐘左右的時間答完本題的答案,然后用剩余的時間速讀下一道題的四個選擇項,預(yù)測試題內(nèi)容和問題,做好聽音準(zhǔn)備。這樣依次類推,環(huán)環(huán)緊扣,直到聽力考試結(jié)束。 3、預(yù)測的兩種方法 根據(jù)交際語言的特點進(jìn)行預(yù)測根據(jù)書面選擇項的語言結(jié)構(gòu)來預(yù)測根據(jù)選擇項的異同進(jìn)行預(yù)測1) 根據(jù)交際語

7、言的特點進(jìn)行預(yù)測Example 1 A)In a hospital. C)In an office. B)In a restaurant D)At an airport. (如果書面選擇項的地點是國家或城市的名稱,這種方法不適用,因為上述地名沒有必然要交流的信息。) 在聽到fax 等詞時,就可以知道聽力的內(nèi)容可能是發(fā)生在辦公室,而聽到steak、salad等詞時,就應(yīng)該知道對話可能發(fā)生在餐館,Example 2: A)Boss and secretary. C) Teacher and student B) Customer and salesperson. D) Guest and wait

8、ress 這種題一般是判斷兩個人之間的關(guān)系,聽時則要注重說話者的用詞和語氣。 Example 3: A)Secretary B) Doctor C) Teacher D) Manager 這種題一般是判斷職業(yè),注意出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞跟何種職業(yè)有關(guān)。2)根據(jù)書面選擇項的語言結(jié)構(gòu)來預(yù)測選擇項語言結(jié)構(gòu)Example題對話題型問題1(in, on, at)+地點名詞A) At a hospital.B) In a restaurant.C) At the theater. D) In a bank.地點型(對話發(fā)生的地點或某人現(xiàn)在某處)Where? e.g. 1. Where does the conver

9、sation most probably take place? 2. Where is the man (woman) now? 在聽到fax 等詞時,就可以知道聽力的內(nèi)容可能是發(fā)生在辦公室,而聽到steak、salad等詞時,就應(yīng)該知道對話可能發(fā)生在餐館2職業(yè)名詞A) novelist.B) shop assistant.C) secretary.D) reporter.職業(yè)型(對話中某人的職業(yè))What? e.g. 1. What is the womans probable occupation? 2. What is the man? 這種題一般是判斷職業(yè),注意出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞跟何種職業(yè)

10、有關(guān)。3職業(yè)名詞+and+職業(yè)名詞A) Husband and wife.B) Doctor and patient.C) Boss and secretary.D) Teacher and student.關(guān)系型(對話中兩者之間的關(guān)系)What? e.g. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?聽時則要注重說話者的用詞和語氣4(at)+時刻數(shù)(或數(shù)詞時間單位詞)1. A) 12:27. B) 1:10. C) 1:33 D) 1:26 2. A) One hour.B) Two hours.C) Three ho

11、urs.D) Four hours.時間數(shù)字計算型(某時刻或做某事需要的時間)When,What,How long.? E.g. 1. When did sth. Begin ? 2. What time is it now? 3. How long does sb. need to do sth?一看這道題,就能預(yù)測出對話中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字將是考點,等聽到數(shù)字時,就要特別注意,將數(shù)字記下,再核對答案。注意:在短對話測試中,答案往往不是聽到的某個簡單的數(shù)字而是需要把聽到的數(shù)字加減乘除。5$+數(shù)詞或數(shù)詞+(量詞)1. A) $90.00 B) $75.00 C) $60.00 D) $150.00 2

12、.A) 160 pounds.B) 163 pounds.C) 150 pounds. D)153 pounds.價格數(shù)字計算型(買某物花了多少錢, 買了多少物,多少人參加)How much (many)?e.g. 1. How much does sb. spend (pay for sth)? 2.How many pounds of sth. does sb. want?注意把聽到的數(shù)字加減乘除6Because(so that)+從句(詞組)(或動詞不定式)A)Because she doesnt like it.B) Because it does not fit her.C) Bec

13、ause it is too formal for the occasion.D) Because the man likes an other dress better因果型(事情發(fā)生的原因)Why (What is the reason)?e.g. Why does (not) sb. do sth?答案往往跟第二個說話者相關(guān)7動名詞(詞組)(或動詞詞組)1.A) Walking. B) Boating.C) Shopping. D) Driving.2.A) Visit friends.B)Wash clothes.C)Go to the laundry.D)Do some shoppi

14、ng動作型(打算或正在做某事,已做了或要做什么。動名詞前加by,則是如何去做。)What? e.g. 1. What is sb going to do? 2. What is sb doing now? 3.What happened to sb? 4. What does (did) sb want to do? 5. How did sb do sth?8名詞(詞組)或名詞、形容詞名詞(詞組)1.A)The pear. B)The weather. C)The cold. D)The sea food.2.A) Some salad.B)Some dessert.C) Just hims

15、elf.D) Enough food.辨別型(對話者談?wù)撌裁?,選擇什么,是什么。若名詞是人名,則問是誰。)What (Which)? e.g. 1. What are they talking about? 2. What has sb. wanted? 3. What probably caused sth.?9主語+be的變化+形容詞(過去分詞)A)Better. B) Sick.C)Fine. D) Tired.2. A) He is sick.B)He is worriedC)He is confident.D) He is angry.反應(yīng)型(感覺或反應(yīng)如何)What (How)?

16、e.g. 1. How does sb. feel? 2. What is ones attitude (response) to sth? 3)根據(jù)選擇項的異同進(jìn)行預(yù)測Example 1 A)Mary has never studied mathematics. B)Mary must be good at mathematics. c)Mary enjoys learning mathematics. D)Mary probably is poor at mathematics.Example 2 A)He often visits the department. B)He has not

17、 found the department. C)He wants to go to the department. D)He has no idea of the location of the department.(這時要特別注意男性speaker 說的話)Example 1和Example 2的聽力原文如下:Example 1 M:Whats the matter with Mary? W:She becomes nervous whenever she comes to learning mathematics Q:What do we learn from the conversa

18、tion?Example 2 W:Excuse meWhere can I find the Foreign Language Department? M:Sorry, I cant help you. Im a stranger here. Q:What does the man mean?另外,注意選項的獨特性:Example 3 A)The train leaves from another platform.B)The train may not leave because of a strike.C)The train is about to leave from platform

19、7.D)The train has already left from platform 7. 對于句子結(jié)構(gòu)差別很大,無法從字面上區(qū)分異同的選擇項,要設(shè)法從語義和內(nèi)容中尋找一些共同點和不同點。Example 4 A) Its too late for the man to go to concert. B) The man must wait for two hours to buy a ticket C) The man can buy standing-room ticket tomorrow. D) People have already been standing in line fo

20、r two hours. 請看聽力原文: M: Do you have a seat for concert tomorrow? W: No seats at a11,but we sell standing-room tickets two hours before the performance. Q: what does the woman mean? Example 5 A) The teacher postponed the meeting. B) There wont be a test this afternoon. C) The students will be attendi

21、ng the meeting D) The students will take an English test this afternoon. 錄音中的聽力原文是這樣的: W: Shall we have an English test this afternoon? M: Its postponed because the teacher has to attend a meeting. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? (二)捕捉對話中的重點信息領(lǐng)會對話中的重點句抓住話語中的意流指示詞弄清否定的含義把握對話中的關(guān)鍵詞 1、領(lǐng)會對話中的重

22、點句 按照對話中男女雙方的說話次序,我們把先說話者定為speaker 1, 后說話者定為speaker 2。根據(jù)對大量試題的統(tǒng)計,所提出的問題有90左右都與speaker 2的說話內(nèi)容有關(guān)。Example 1: M:Do the students have to do any homework? W: They are given homework once every two days Q:How often do the students have to do their homework?Example 2: M:How much are the tickets? W:They are

23、ten do11ars each for the general public,but student tickets are half price Q:How much will the man pay for two general tickets and two student tickets?Example 3: M:You call Henry a dreamer,but I think hes got a lot of good ideas W: Good ideas are on1y useful if you make something out of them Q:Why d

24、oes the woman think that Henry is a dreamer? 2、抓住話語中的意流指示詞 語氣性意流指示詞轉(zhuǎn)折性意流指示詞傾向性意流指示詞 1)語氣性意流指示詞 其中yes,no,sure,certainly,sorry等是表明說活人態(tài)度與反應(yīng)的語氣性意流指示詞。一般說來,如果在句子開頭聽到y(tǒng)es, sure, certainly,則表明說話人對某事的肯定或贊許,如果是no,not really,sorry,則表明說話人對某事反對或不同意。Example: W:Have you finished your homework,Bill? M:No,and Im not

25、 going to Q:Will the man do his homework? A) Yes,he may do it B) No,he doesnt want to do it C) Yes,he will by all means D) No, he is not allow to do it. 2)轉(zhuǎn)折性意流指示詞 but,yet,however是轉(zhuǎn)折性的意流指示詞。其中以but出現(xiàn)的頻率最高。當(dāng)話語中的話題一轉(zhuǎn),出現(xiàn)but一詞時,千萬不要被but前的詞語所迷惑,而要十分注意but后的內(nèi)容。Example 7: W:I need a car this weekend,mine has

26、 broken down. M:Im sorry to hear it,but you can a1ways rent one if you have license.Q: What does the man mean?Example 8: W: I wonder if you have some change,I want to make a call. M: I would like to lend you some change, but I have only three coins, and l need them for my bus fare. Q:What does the m

27、an want to do with the coins? 3)傾向性意流指示詞 would rather., prefer.to.,had better,Prefer.rather than.,是表示說話人通過比較與選擇,喜歡或情愿采取的某種行為,也可以說是傾向性意流指示詞。它們多用于購物、就餐、旅游等存在比較與選擇機會的場合。例如,當(dāng)顧客去商店購物時,售貨員常會這樣問:Which do you Prefer,A or B? 對話情景提供了A、B兩種可選擇的物品,如果選擇了A,那么回答時有以下幾種說法: a)I prefer A to B. b)I prefer A rather than

28、B. c)I would like A rather than B. d)I would rather get A than B. Example 9: W: Didnt Marion go shopping with you yesterday? M: Even if she hadnt a 1ot of studying, she would have preferred staying home to going shopping Q: What does the man imply about Marion? A) She doesnt like to go shopping. B)

29、She went shopping yesterday C) She doesnt live near the shops D) She prefers shopping to studying 3、弄清否定的含義 用否定詞來表達(dá)否定含義用短語表示否定含義否定意義的句型結(jié)構(gòu) 1)用否定詞來表達(dá)否定含義否定詞:no, not, never等含否定意義的詞:rarely, hardly, seldom,scarcely,few,1ittIe,none,nobody, nothing, neither,nor,beyond,fail,miss,refuse,dislike,impossible Ex

30、ample 10: When she heard that news, she could hardly control her feelingsExample 11: Nobody believe what he said. Example 12: Professor Wang seldom watch TV at night. Example 13: M: Have you read anything good lately? W: Nothing you would like Q: What does the woman mean?Example 14: M: What kind of

31、drink would you like? Coke or coffee? W: Neither, but actually l prefer Chinese tea to any other drink. Q: What does the woman mean?Example 15: The good and the beautiful do not always go together 2)用短語表示否定含義 短語表示否定含義的有: out of the question 完全不可能,辦不到,not in the least 一點也不,與not at all同義, notuntil 直到才

32、, no more than (或notany more than)和一樣地不., neither.nor.既不,也不,cant help but不禁, wont.unless. 除非不會 Example 16: M:Can you possibly lend me $10 until payday? W:Its out of the question Q:what do you learn about the woman? Example 17: M:Its very hot,isnt it? W: Yes,there isnt the least wind todayExample 18:

33、 Neither I nor he knows anything about it Example 19: One does not know the value of health until he loses it Example 20: Jack is no more diligent (not diligent any more) than John 3)否定意義的句型結(jié)構(gòu)含有否定意義的句型結(jié)構(gòu)主要有:1)too.to. 太.以至不能 2)It is impossible to是不可能的 3)the last十名詞十動詞不定式(或從句)極少可能的, 最不合適的 4)Never befo

34、re十(倒裝語序) 從來沒有 Example 21: Are you sure youre speaking the truth? It sounds too good to be true Example 22: He was so excited as to forget most what he meant to sayExample 23: He is the last man l want to see注意:否定形式表達(dá)肯定意義。(I cant like it more.)4、把握對話中的關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵詞的特征和作用對話中常用的關(guān)鍵詞1)關(guān)鍵詞的特征和作用 所謂關(guān)鍵詞是指在這類試題中最能

35、反映某種場所、環(huán)境特征或職業(yè)特征的詞匯。 Example 26: M: Could you te11 me the departure time of this flight? W: Certainly. The flight takes off at 2pm Q: Where does the conversation take P1ace?Example 27:W:You were absent from class yesterday,Tom. Where were you? M:1 couldnt come,MsSmithI hurt my foot and my father too

36、k me to the doctors. Q:What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?Example 28:W:The music and the flowers are lovely M:Yes,I hope that the food is good,tooQ: Where does this conversation most probably take place?Example 29:W:Can l help you, sir? M:Yes Do you have this coat in a larger

37、 size? Q:What is the woman? 2)對話中常用的關(guān)鍵詞 (1)有關(guān)學(xué)校的常用詞和詞組: scholarship, credits, degree (academic degree), day student, boarder, required course, optional(elective)course, mark, grade, excellent, good, pass, failure, academic(school)record, diploma (graduation certificate),thesis, term paper, teaching

38、program, break (interval), absent from school, individual study, open-book test (2)有關(guān)圖書館的常用詞和詞組due,over-due,fine,renew,loan desk,library card,bookshelf,book catalog,periodical,publication,reference room,reference book,(3)有關(guān)銀行、郵局的常用詞和詞組check,cash,deposit, interest rate,saving account,passbook(銀行存折),s

39、tamps counter(window),ordinary letter,overweight,air mail, registered letter, parcel form(包裹單), ordinary telegram, urgent telegram, (4)有關(guān)機場、車站的常用詞和詞組airliner, departure time, take off, to board a plane, flight(flying), booking (ticket) office, express trains, soft(cushioned) berth(軟臥),hard berth(硬臥)

40、 platform, waiting room, Gate., direct flight, check-in procedure, passport, visa, 5 minutes behind schedule, conductor, car attendant, make reservation(5)有關(guān)餐館、商店的常用詞和詞組go Dutch, dinner, snack, dessert, refreshments, cold dish, soup, Chinese food, Western style food, order, menu, banquet, soft drink

41、, be full , packing(wrapping), fixed prices, bargain, be worth the money, treat sb. to sth., pay a bill, rare (underdone, tender),well-done, do some shopping, style, out of style, fashion, on sale, out of stock(all sold out), daily necessities, check-out stand(cash desk), (6)有關(guān)醫(yī)院、旅社的常用詞和詞組physician,

42、 surgeon, dentist, doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, fever, cough, headache, stomach-ache, sore throat, sneeze, suffer from (be ill with, toothache, flu, vomit, catch cold, blood pressure, injection, take ones temperature, guest house, reception desk, suite, double room, check in, check out (三

43、)提高數(shù)字與計算題的訓(xùn)練技巧數(shù)字與計算題在對話中的應(yīng)用聽力計算題的解題技巧 1、數(shù)字與計算題在對話中的應(yīng)用計算型辨認(rèn)型替換型 1)計算型:四個選擇項中有加減乘除關(guān)系。 Example 1: A)Five lessons B)Three lessons C) Twelve lessons D)Fifteen lessonsW: Professor Clark said that the mid-term exam would cover the first 15 lessons.M: Really? I thought it only included the first 12 lessons.

44、 Then I must spend the weekend to go over the rest of the lessons.Q: How many lessons must the man review over the weekend? 2)辨認(rèn)型 數(shù)字與計算中的辨認(rèn)型試題主要有以下幾種情況: a) 對近音、近形數(shù)字的辨認(rèn)。如fifteen與fifty,twentieth與twenty等。 b)對信息中較長數(shù)字(如電話號碼、郵政編碼)的確認(rèn)。 c)當(dāng)信息中出現(xiàn)多個數(shù)字時,要求根據(jù)提問,對其中某一數(shù)詞加以辨認(rèn)。Example 2 M: Does the film start at 7:

45、00 or 7:15? W:It starts at 7:30 and ends at 9:18 Q:When does the film start? A)At 7:13 B)At 7:30 C)At 7:15 D)At 9:18 3)替換型 這類試題主要用于天數(shù)、鐘點數(shù)、星期等不同表示方法的同義異形的替換。書面選擇項的正確答案與聽力原文的有關(guān)數(shù)字在音、形上不同,而在意義上相同。Example 3 M:Have you seen my brother? W: No, I havent seen him since the day before yesterday. Q:When did sh

46、e last see the mans brother? A) Yesterday. C)Three days ago. B) Two days ago D) Early last week. 2、聽力計算題的解題技巧 1)聽清數(shù)字間表示和差(倍數(shù))關(guān)系的關(guān)系詞。 在加減法計算題中,這些數(shù)字之間的關(guān)系往往是用多少(more、less)、遲早(1ate、early)、快慢(fast, slow)、前后(before、after)之類的形容詞、副詞來表示的。計算時用加法還是用減法就取決于這些詞。一般說來,表示增加、延遲、向后意義的用加法,而表示減少、提前意義的用減法。Example 4 W:Hav

47、e the children 1eft for school yet? M:Sally left at 8:00 and Julie did as usual,dashing out 20 minutes later Q:What time did Julie leave? A)8:00 B)8:20 C)7:40 D)8:10Example 5 W:Whats time by your watch? M:Nine-thirty But its three minutes fast Q:Whats the correct time? A)9:33 B)9:27 C)9:10 D)9:30 除了

48、上面提到的形容詞、副詞和介詞之外,還有一些能夠說明數(shù)的存在或引起數(shù)的變化的動詞,也有助于確定數(shù)字間的加減關(guān)系?,F(xiàn)將這些動詞列舉如下:have, get, postpone, arrive, increase, start, begin, decrease, spend,cost, borrow, save, 1end, miss, loan, de1ay, add, prolong 在這些動詞中,具有增加、延長、借入意義的要用加法,具有減少、提前、借出、失去意義的用減法。但由于提問的角度不同,加減變化的方向也會隨之改變。Example 6 W:Mary bought this pen for

49、5 dollars, saving 4 dollars and 50 cents. M:1ts a good bargain Q:Whats the original price of the pen? A) $5 B) $4 C) $45 D) $95 在四級聽力測試題中,我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)有些數(shù)字與計算題的書面選擇項沒有明顯的標(biāo)識數(shù)(如At 8:00,3 hours,$5等),甚至提問中也一反計算題的提問形式,不以When或How much (many).開頭,給應(yīng)試者在題型上造成錯覺,但卻要通過簡單的加減法計算才能選擇出正確的答案。Example 7 W:Excuse me. When will

50、 the 7:15 bus arrive? M:Its been delayed two hours, because a bridge was broken Q:What do we learn from this conversation? A) The bus has broken down and will not arrive. B) The bus was in a terrible accident. C) The bus will probably arrive at 9:15 D) The bus may arrive tonight, but the man isnt su

51、re. 乘除法計算題的解題方法與加減法相似,仍然是要聽清對話中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字,以及數(shù)字間的關(guān)系詞,不過這種關(guān)系詞是用具有倍數(shù)或分?jǐn)?shù)意義的名詞、形容詞、副詞或動詞來表示的。常用的詞或詞組有:times, twice, couple, double, percentage, pair(a pair of), quarter, one-third, half(a half), one and a half, one-fifth, divide當(dāng)信息中出現(xiàn)twice,couple,double,pair等詞時,一般都要將原來的數(shù)乘以2。而當(dāng)信息中出現(xiàn)quarter,half, one-third 等詞時,

52、要將原來的數(shù)分為幾個等份。Example 8 M: How much money will I have to spend to rent an apartment in America? I only have $500 a month W: Your rent should be about a quarter of that. Q: How much should the mans rent be? A) $500 B) $125 C) $25 D) $400 2)熟悉一些句型所表示的數(shù)的變化 Example 9: I bought this $200 camera at 25 disc

53、ount. buysth at.discount指“打了多少折扣買了某物”。 How much?Example 10: I bought this $200 camera for 150 dollars. buy sth for指“花多少錢買某物”。Example 11: I bought this 150 camera for(a) quarter off the regular price. buy.sthforoff the regular price指“以比原價便宜多少的價格買了某物”。 下面將聽力測試中常見的句型和搭配再舉幾例,請注意其中數(shù)的變化:be a half(fifty pe

54、rcent)more than.比.多了一半(漲了50) Its twice as much as.是.的兩倍 主語十謂語十times as十被比對象是多少倍(例如This book costs two times as it did last year.這本書的價格是去年的兩倍) knock l0 off the price 降價IO take two pills three times a day 一日3次, 每次2粒(每天6粒)be a do11ar more 多一個美元 from 9 a.mto 5 p.m.從上午9點到下午5點(共8小時) from 9 amto noon從上午9點到

55、中午12點(共3小時) 3)預(yù)測數(shù)的和差(倍數(shù))關(guān)系Example 12: A) 10:00 B)10:45 C)10:30 D)10:15 請看錄音原文: W:Wasnt our appointment for 10:30? M:It wasBut I had to be l5 minutes late Q:what time did the man arrive? 4)判斷數(shù)字的計算結(jié)果Example l3 M:This pen costs $1100,but I have only got $7.00. W:Ive got $600,so Ill lend you the rest. Q

56、:How much will the woman lend the man? A) $4.00 B)$6.00 C)$7.00 D)$ll.00 根據(jù)計算題的特點,當(dāng)信息中出現(xiàn)兩個以上的數(shù)字時,這些數(shù)字往往是作為已知條件而存在的,真正的答案往往要通過簡單的計算后得出,不會直接在信息中出現(xiàn)(這里指的是計算型試題)。在這種情況下應(yīng)采取聽到什么不選什么的方法。Example 14 M:The roast beef is 27 yuan a kg. now. W:Yes,its exactly a half more than it was two years ago. Q: What was the

57、 price of a kgroast beef two years ago? A)13.5 yuan B) 18 yuan C) 27 yuan D)54 yuan (四)理解對話的內(nèi)涵意義語調(diào)不同,含義有異重復(fù)詞句,兩種含義3、反問句式,陳述含義4. 隱含意義,順藤摸瓜虛擬語氣,相反含義1、語調(diào)不同,含義有異 1)伴隨一般疑問句出現(xiàn)的降調(diào)Example 1 W:I dont think English is going to be the international 1anguage of the future. M:Oh, are you going to learn Chinese?

58、Q:What do we learn from his conversation? Example 2 W: Where do you want to eat? M: Is there anything wrong with the coffee shop? Q: What does the man mean? A) He wonders if anything happened at the coffee shop B) He doesnt know why the coffee tastes bad C) He only wants coffee because he isnt hungr

59、y. D) He thinks that they ought to go to the coffee shop 2)伴隨陳述句出現(xiàn)的升調(diào) You understand the possible consequences? You mean you have to go tomorrow? 我們可以把這樣的句子作為陳述句形式的疑問句。另外在陳述句的句末使用升調(diào),還可以表示說話人的婉轉(zhuǎn)口氣和不肯定的態(tài)度。 M:Ma,I cant finish math homework,Its too difficult to do W:You know what to do,if theresa proble

60、m? Q:What does the woman mean? A) You should know how to solve math Problems B) There wont be any difficulty in math homework C) Can you find a way out of the difficulty? D) What do you find out about the math problems? 重復(fù)詞句,兩種含義Example 4 W: Do you enjoy majoring in mathematics? M:Enjoy? If I could

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