高二英語閱讀理解強化訓(xùn)練附解析Day262

1、 Martin says there is no shortage of material to fill that demand.going to run out of water bottles any time soon. So we have a limitless supply of material, and I think that is a good sign for our future.environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that

2、 uses the recycled materials to make other products.For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future.How are used plastic bottles usually dealt with?They are buried or burned.They are used to mak

3、e shoes.They are changed into soft materials.They arc returned to factories for reuse.What does the underlined word knitted in the third paragraph mean?A. Attached.B. Fixed.C. Combined.D. Repaired.Which of the following directly helped to increase the sales of Rothy shoes?The design and color.The re

4、asonable price.The company s advertisement.The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow.What is the purpose of the text?To advertise a new kind of shoes.To describe the process of making shoes.To introduce a new way of recycling plastic waste.To stress the importance of environmental protection.Passage 2By the

5、 end of the century, if not sooner, the world s oceans willand greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms胸洋 微生物）called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colou

6、rful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the oceans appearance.Phytoplankton live a

7、t the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the oceans warming trend. Warming changes

8、 key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not onlysunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MITs Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the

9、century. In a world that warms up by 3 , it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for p

10、hytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “ Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. said, “ but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?The various patterns at the ocean surface.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

11、The way light reflects off marine organisms.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.What does the underlined word“ vulnerable ” in Paragraph 3 probablymean?A. Sensitive.B. BeneficialC. SignificantD. UnnoticeableWhat can we learn from the passage?Phytoplankton play a declining role in the mar

12、ine ecosystem.Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changesPhytoplankton have been used to control global climateOceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.What is the main purpose of the passag？ eTo assess the consequences of ocean colour changesTo analyse the composition of the oc

13、ean food chainTo explain the effects of climate change on oceansTo introduce a new method to study phytoplanktonPassage 3In 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimov stated the Three Laws of Robotics. These laws come from the world of science fiction, but the real world is catching up. A law firm ga

14、ve Pittsburgh C arsnegie Mellon University $10 million to explore artificial intelligence. Peter Kalis, chairman of the law firm, K&L Gates, said the development of technology had led to questions that were never taken seriously before. What will happen when you make robots that are smart, independe

15、nt thinkers and then try to limit their freedom?Researcher Kalis said, “ One expert said we ll be at a point when we give an instruction to our robot to go to work in the morning and it turns around and says, I d rather go to the beach. ” He said that one da would want laws to keep our free-thinking

16、 robots from running wild.With the law firm s gift, the university will be able to explore problemsnow appearing within automated industries. “ Takedriverless cars forexample, ” Kalis said. “ If there s an accident concerned with a driverless car, what policies do we have in place? What kind of insu

17、rance policies do they have? ” In fact, people can take a ride in a driverless car in Pittsburgh where an American online transportation network company uses the city as a testing ground for the company s driverless cars.The problems go beyond self-driving cars and robots. Think about thenext genera

18、tion of smartphones, those chips fixed in televisions, computers, fridges, etc., and the ever-expanding collection of personal data being stored in the“ cloud ” . So can Asimov s Three Laws of Robe used in reality? Is it necessary to have a moral guideline that everyone can understand? Whatever it i

19、s, doing no harm should be the very first one.What can we learn from the first paragraph?Robot should have more freedom.Technology is running ahead of laws.The Three Laws of Robotics are practical.Peter wants to explore artificial intelligence.What makes humans worry about robots?Robots may be out o

20、f control.Robots can do something illegal.Robots can become angry easily.Robots may have many requests.What is the third paragraph intended to tell us?It s hard for robots to obey rules.A law on robotics is really a must.Driverless cars can cause accidents.Driverless cars are being tested out now.Wh

21、at should the basic law on robotics be according to the text?Robots should be cautiously used in life.Robots should obey Asimov s Three Laws.Robots should be easy for people to operate.Robots should help with people s life and work.Passage 4Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer who helped shape the

22、 course of American literature. His life was full of tragedies, but he had the great influence on the 19th-century American literature and continues to influence writers to this day.The early life of Edgar Allan Poe was quite unhappy. Born in 1809, Poe was not yet three years old when his parents di

23、ed. Adopted by a wealthy family, he got into trouble at school. He entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, but he dropped out without graduating. His misery （不幸 ） continued to his adult life. Later, because of a failed marriage, he suffered from mental illness. He was so upset abou

24、t real life that he turnedto writing. Expressing himself in an unreal and imaginary world was his only comfort.The tragedies in Poe s life influenced the tone, style and contents of his writing. His stories usually include death, which help build his reputation as a master of “ dark l” iterature. In

25、 his The Tell-Tale Heart, the main character goes crazy and kills his roommate while in The Black Cat, the main character kills his cat in a fit of madness.Poe died at the age of 40 in 1849. His life is short, but his influence isvery great. Poe is credited with 被譽為() creating crime fiction, and man

26、ysay he contributed greatly to the appearance of science fiction. Fascinated (著迷 ) by the scientific theories and new inventions of his time, he wrote about imaginary societies in the future. Writers such as Arthur Conan Doyle, the author of Sherlock Holmes, regarded Poe as the father of detective f

27、iction. Jules Verne, a French writer who helped popularizescience fiction, said Poe s work had a direct influence on the stories he wrote.1. Poe began to write to A. earn his livingbuild a good reputationA. earn his livingbuild a good reputationIt can be learnt that Poesoldiers lifeC. a sense of pea

28、cefind comfort in writingcreate a beautiful world s works often reflect _B. his own life storiesD. some political problemsWhich can best show Poe s influence on literature according to the last paragraph?His creation of crime fiction.His unique writing experience.His creation of scientific theories.

29、His contribution to new inventions.What s the best title of the text?American literature and writersEscape from real life and find comfortEdgar Allan Poe: a misunderstood poetEdgar Allan Poe： a tragic yet talented writerPassage 5A serious problem for today s society is who should be responsible for

30、our elderly and how to improve their lives. It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society. I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.First, employers should take the responsibility for their retired employees. To make this possi

31、ble, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose. But when a company must take life-long responsibility for its employees, it may suffer from a commercial disadvantage due to higher employee costs. Another way of solving theproblem is to return the responsibility to the individual.

32、This means each person must save during his working years to pay for his years of retirement. This does not seem a very fair model since some people have enough trouble paying for their daily life without trying to earn extra to cover their retirement years. This means the government might have to s

33、tep in to care for the poor.In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. This could be financed through government taxes to increase the level of pensions. Furthermore, some institutions should be created for senior citizens, which can help provide a comfortable

34、 life for them. Unfortunately, as the present situation in our country shows, this is not a truly viable answer. The government can seldom afford to care for the elderly, particularly when it is busy trying to care for the young.One further solution is that the government or social organizations est

35、ablish some working places especially for the elderly where they are independent.To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.W

36、hat is the writer s main purpose in writing this article?To discuss some possible solutions to an important social problem.To make general readers aware of the problems of retired people.To point out the need for government support for old people.To instruct retired people on how they can have a hap

37、pier life.What does the underlined word“ viable ” in Paragraph 3 most probablymean?A. Impossible.B. Practical.C. Useful.D. Successful.According to the passage, how can the government help to improve the lives of retired people?Set aside some profits to help people with problems after they retire.Inc

38、rease savings levels of people during their working years.Increase the discounts for food and transport for the old.Make available pensions for those who have retired.What can be concluded from the passage?Taking care of the old is mainly an issue of money.Employers should allow their workers to ret

39、ire at a later age.There is no single solution to the problems of the old.Becoming independent should be the goal of most old people.參考答案Passage 1A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Many of the plastic bottlesend up in landfills or are burned with other waste products可知, 廢棄塑料瓶的處理方法是被埋葬或焚燒。故選A。C 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中Those fiber

40、s are then combinedtogether. （這些纖維結(jié)合在一起。） This is done by a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes.（它的設(shè)計目 的是在制造鞋子的同時減少浪費。） The knitted stuff and the inner part of theshoe are then attached to the shoes outer part,鞫闞.theisole （些 knitted 東西和鞋的內(nèi)部部分被連接到鞋的外部分, 叫做鞋底）由此推出劃線詞的意思是“

41、結(jié)合的 ”。故選C。D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中After American actress GwynethPaltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes gre 豌國女演員 Gwyneth Paltrow 發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種鞋后, 對這種鞋的需求增加了。可知，D 項（The star power of Gwyneth Paltrows 直接幫助增加 Rothy 鞋 TOC o 1-5 h z 子的銷售。故選D。C 目的意圖題。根據(jù)第一段 A company in San Francisco, California,has fou

42、nd a way to turn used plastic bottles into women 加利福尼 s shoes.亞舊金山的一家公司發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種把用過的塑料瓶變成女鞋的方法。可知本文是為了介紹一種回收塑料垃圾的新方法。故選C。Passage 2B 推理判斷題。第一段“ By the end of the century. If not sooner, theworlds oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study可知，到本世紀末，一項新的研究表明，由于 氣候

43、變暖 , 如果不盡快的話, 世界上的海洋將會變得更藍、更綠。結(jié)合 第 二 段 “ At the heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called.anconcentration可知,這種現(xiàn)象的核心是一種叫做浮游植 物的微小海洋微生物, 在光線的作用下在海洋表面形成了五顏六色的圖案。海洋的顏色從綠色到藍色不等, 這取決于海洋的類型和浮游植物濃度。由此可推斷出這兩段主要敘述了海洋生物是海洋顏色變化的原因。分析選項可知B 符合題意 , 故選 B。A 詞 義 猜 測 題 。 根 據(jù) 劃 線 詞 后 的 “ Warmingchanges key

44、 characteristics of the ocean and.but alsOOtrientS.變暖會 ”改變海洋的主要特征, 并會影響浮游植物的生長。由此可判斷“ Butphytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean s麗amningt植nd”物對海洋變暖很敏感。故劃線部分單詞意思為“敏感的； 靈敏的 ”可知A 項正確。D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“The model projects that .and theseareas will turn greener 可知 , D” utkiewicz 的模型預(yù)測, 目前只有少量浮游植物的藍色區(qū)域可能會變得

45、更藍。但是在一些水域, 比如北極, 氣候變暖會使浮游植物的生長條件更加成熟, 而這些水域會變得更綠了 ”。 由此可推斷, 浮游植物的生長條件更加成熟, 浮游動植物就更多了 , 這些水域會變得更綠了。分析選項可知D 項符合題意。C 主旨大意題。第一段提出文章的主旨“ Bythe end of thecentury according to a new studyj知，至U本世紀末。項新的研究表明 , 由于氣候變暖, 如果不盡快的話, 世界上的海洋將會變得更藍、 更綠。 再結(jié)合第三段“ But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean swarning t

46、rendWarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,可知,浮游植物很容易受到海洋警告趨勢的影響, 變暖改變了海洋的關(guān)鍵特征, 并能影響浮游植物的生長 ” ,可知本文主要解釋氣候變化對海洋的影響。故選C。Passage 3B 推理判斷題。第一段 “ In 1941, science fiction writer Isaac Asimovstated .that were never taken seriously befo麗知，機器人三條定律 來處于科幻小說, 但現(xiàn)實世界

47、正在迎頭趕上。技術(shù)的發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了以前從未認真考慮過的問題。第二段“ one day we would want laws to keep TOC o 1-5 h z our free-thinking robots from running wild. 總有一天我們會想要法律”來阻止我們的自由思考機器人的失控?？芍? 科技的出現(xiàn), 才導(dǎo)致了問題的出現(xiàn), 才會想要有法律來制約。由此判斷出科技走在法律的前頭了。故選B 項。A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段 Researcher Kalis said, .to keep our free-thinking robots from running wild.

48、研究員 Kalis 說： “一位專家說,我們將會出現(xiàn)這種情形, 當我們指示我們的機器人早上去上班時, 它轉(zhuǎn)過身來說：我寧愿去海灘。 ”他說 , 總有一天我們會想要法律來阻止我們的自由思考的機器人失控。第三、 四段用無人駕駛的汽車及機器人為例來說明我們制造了聰明的獨立行為的機器人時, 如果失控可能出現(xiàn)的問題?？芍? 我們使用機器人做事時, 可能會出現(xiàn)的這種不可控制性, 為此很擔憂。故選A。B 推理判斷題。第二段內(nèi)容講述以后機器人可能會失控。根據(jù)第三段 With the law firm s gift, .what policies do we have inplace? 知 , 大學(xué)能探索到自動化產(chǎn)業(yè)目前出現(xiàn)的問題。其中以無人駕駛的汽車發(fā)生事故, 我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對為例。由此判斷第三段想告訴我們關(guān)于機器人的法律是迫在眉睫的。故選B 項。D 推 理 判 斷 題 。 根 據(jù) 最 后 一 段 最 后 一 句 “ Socan Asimov s .doing no harm should be the ve