2022年高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試B級(jí)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

1、高等學(xué)校英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力考試(B級(jí))PRACTICALENGLISHTESTFORCOLLEGES【應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作（Practical Writing）Personal/Business letters （私人/商務(wù) 書(shū)信）私人信函一般涉及一下5個(gè)部分：日期（Date）：一般出目前信頁(yè)的右上方。稱(chēng)呼語(yǔ)（Opening）： 稱(chēng)呼收信者，一般是“Dear”后跟收信者姓名，再加上逗號(hào)或者冒號(hào)。正文（Body）：寫(xiě)信者要傳達(dá)的信息，一種或者多種段落。結(jié)尾（Closing）：表達(dá)禮貌，謙恭，祝愿等的短語(yǔ)（如All the best，Best wishes，或者Yours Truly，Yours Sincerel

2、y，Yours Faithfully），后跟都逗號(hào)。簽名（Signature）：如收信者是熟人，簽上寫(xiě)信者的名即可，否則，簽上全名（名+姓）。注：如是商務(wù)書(shū)信，須在日期前面加上信內(nèi)地址（Inside address） 2. 書(shū)信格式： 英文書(shū)信基本上可以分為三種：板塊式，半板塊式和縮進(jìn)式。板塊式又成為齊頭式（Block style），其特點(diǎn)是所有部分都從左邊開(kāi)。每行左邊上下對(duì)齊，成始終線。半板塊式（Modified Block Style）與板塊式基本相似，只是日期，結(jié)尾，簽名均從信紙中央偏右起寫(xiě)，其他部分從左邊起寫(xiě)，左對(duì)齊?？s進(jìn)式（Indented Style）與半板塊式基本相似，其不同之處

3、在： 正文中的每一段第一行需要縮進(jìn)4到5個(gè)字母。 3. 地址的寫(xiě)法； 信封上收信人地址寶庫(kù)奧收信人的姓名，地址（按照順序?yàn)殚T(mén)牌號(hào)，街道名，都市名，國(guó)家名）和郵政編碼。應(yīng)當(dāng)注意的是:收信人的姓名，街道，地址的首字母都要答謝。稱(chēng)呼“Mr”或“Mrs”可寫(xiě)可不寫(xiě)。頭銜或者職稱(chēng)寫(xiě)在人名之后。當(dāng)信函需要第三者轉(zhuǎn)收時(shí)，則需要收信人名字下方協(xié)商轉(zhuǎn)收人的姓名，并在其姓名前面寫(xiě)上C/o（care of 的縮寫(xiě)，相稱(chēng)于“請(qǐng)收轉(zhuǎn)”）。 如：Mr. Mattthew Fox C/o Mrs. Olgan E. Cintron 82 Fifth Street New York, NY10012 AmerSamples：

4、Sample1（板塊式）： April 30, 1996Dear Ms. Connolly:Thanks for your recent letter to Mr. Jack Smith, our manager,regarding the return of the computer.Mr. Smith is absent from our company until May 12, 1996. Upon his return, I will advise him of your inquiry. I am sure that he will be in touch with you at

5、that time.Sincerely yours,Larry JacksonAssistant ManagerSample2（半板塊式）： April 30, 1996Dear Ms. Connolly:Thanks for your recent letter to Mr. Jack Smith, our manager,regarding the return of the computer.Mr. Smith is absent from our company until May 12, 1996. Upon his return, I will advise him of your

6、 inquiry. I am sure that he will be in touch with you at that time.Sincerely yours,Larry JacksonAssistant Manager Sample3 （縮進(jìn)式）： April 30, 1996Dear Ms. Connolly:Thanks for your recent letter to Mr. Jack Smith, our manager,regarding the return of the computer.Mr. Smith is absent from our company unti

7、l May 12, 1996. Upon his return, I will advise him of your inquiry. I am sure that he will be in touch with you at that time.Sincerely yours,Larry JacksonAssistant ManagerSample 4：（含信內(nèi)地址） 12 Peter StreetTorontoM6C 3B4April 30, 1996Ms. Concetta ConnollySecretarial Services Co-ordinator1750 Finch Aven

8、ue, EastNorth YorkCanada M1t 2E5Dear Ms. Connolly:Thanks for your recent letter to Mr. Jack Smith, our manager, regarding the return of the computer.Mr. Smith is absent from our company until May 12, 1996. Upon his return, I will advise him of your inquiry. I am sure that he will be in touch with yo

9、u at that time.Sincerely yours,Larry JacksonAssistant ManagerNotes（便條）闡明：便條是書(shū)信的一種形式。特點(diǎn)在于其內(nèi)容比一般的書(shū)信更簡(jiǎn)短，用于詢問(wèn)，李揚(yáng)，告知，規(guī)定等，便條分為兩種形式：一種是請(qǐng)假條（病假，事假，續(xù)假）；一種是留言，告知。便條的基本構(gòu)成部分是：日期，稱(chēng)呼，正文和簽名。日期： 便條日期一般是在右上角。一般只要寫(xiě)上星期幾或者上下午的具體時(shí)刻。 寫(xiě)上幾月幾號(hào)也很普遍，但無(wú)需年份：稱(chēng)呼： 給熟人，朋友留言可直呼其名，不用任何頭銜。但請(qǐng)假條或下級(jí)給上級(jí)的留言稱(chēng)呼仍應(yīng)保存頭銜，昂首的“Dear”可用可不用。簽名： ?？缮碥|書(shū)信

10、中的結(jié)束敬語(yǔ)，署上寫(xiě)便條者姓名或姓或名即可。 Samples： Sample 1 （假條） Jan. 10thDear Ms. Jiang,I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend this mornings two periods of English Class due to a bad cold and high fever. Enclosed is a certificate from the doctor who said I must stay in bed for a few days. I will go back

11、 to school as soon as I recover. Yours respectfully,Tian YeTelephone Message（電話留言）闡明：電話留言應(yīng)涉及：來(lái)電日期，時(shí)間，來(lái)電者的姓名，來(lái)電內(nèi)容，來(lái)電者的電話號(hào)碼，電話留言記錄者的名字等。電話留言可以用公司或機(jī)構(gòu)專(zhuān)用的電話留言，或者采用便條的形式。電話留言的語(yǔ)言應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)潔，常用簡(jiǎn)略構(gòu)造，如省略主語(yǔ)，冠詞及使用縮略語(yǔ)等。Samples：To: Mr. WhiteFrom: Mr. Johnson of Honeywell CoTel No: 0799 267968Time : 10 a.m., June 25th, Me

12、ssage: Mr. Johnson of Honeywell Co. is going to Beijing on business tomorrow. His appointment with you on the morning of the 27th has to be cancelled. Mr. Johnson will contact you fro another appointment when he is back.Signed: Helen (secretary) Date: Monday, June 25th Time: 10 a.m.4. Memos (備忘錄)闡明：

13、備忘錄是公司內(nèi)部最基本，最常用的一種信息傳遞方式，如會(huì)議安排，狀況報(bào)告，責(zé)任確認(rèn)，問(wèn)題解決等等，備忘錄一般由公司批準(zhǔn)印制成原則的表格備忘錄中To一欄中收箋人和From一欄中發(fā)箋人可以四姓名后加上其職位和部門(mén)，也可只寫(xiě)職位。收箋人的姓名前可寫(xiě)上Mr.，Mrs.，Ms.， Dr.等，而發(fā)箋人的姓名前則不寫(xiě)。Subject即內(nèi)容標(biāo)題，一般用名詞或動(dòng)名詞詞組等少數(shù)幾種字做簡(jiǎn)略論述。內(nèi)容部分是備忘錄的重要部分，應(yīng)力求簡(jiǎn)要，確切。最后，結(jié)束時(shí)不同簽名。如果備忘錄同步還發(fā)給出收箋人以外的其她人，在末端cc：（或c：）之后寫(xiě)上其姓名即可。Samples：Sample 1： TO: All Support St

14、aff SupervisorsFROM: Jack Birt, General ManagerDATE: May 12, 1996SUBJECT: Year-end Bonus for Support StaffI am pleased to announce that we will be distributing a year-end bonus to all support staff and middle management this year. We have increased sales by 25 percent in the past eight months and ar

15、e up 40 percent from the same period last year.You have contributed to the rise in sales revenue this year. The bonus is one way of expressing our appreciation for your outstanding effort. We will issue your bonus checks on May 18, 1996 along with your regular paychecks.Sample 2：DATE： June16th， TO：

16、Managers of all the departmentsFROM: John Green ( The Sales Manager )SUBJECT：Discussion on the sales plan of 3rd quarter in Our department has made the sales plan of the 3rd quarter in . To discuss the plan, a meeting will be held in the Conference Room of our corporation at 1:00 on June 19th, . It

17、is hoped that managers of all the departments will come to the meeting. If anyone cannot attend it, please notify the secretary of the Sales Department in advance.5. Notices （告知）英語(yǔ)中的Notices涉及告示，啟事，告知等，目的是告訴公眾某件事情或某項(xiàng)互動(dòng)，在商業(yè)應(yīng)用上特別廣泛。從使用范疇來(lái)分類(lèi)，可分為內(nèi)部告知（面向本單位或公司職工）和外部告知（面向大眾）。1. 內(nèi)部告知：內(nèi)部告知重要是有關(guān)會(huì)議，講座或某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的簡(jiǎn)樸告

18、知及有關(guān)公司的某些政策，措施和安排等，應(yīng)至少涉及三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容：時(shí)間：星期，日，月，時(shí)刻地點(diǎn)互動(dòng)內(nèi)容 有些告知還涉及某些細(xì)節(jié)，有的簡(jiǎn)介演講者，有的詳述活動(dòng)內(nèi)容或背景知識(shí)2. 外部告知：面向大眾的告知重要指有關(guān)商場(chǎng)或公司開(kāi)業(yè)，搬遷，尋人，征稿等啟事。啟事的語(yǔ)言規(guī)定樸實(shí)，簡(jiǎn)潔。文字篇幅不適宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)。啟事的格式，與內(nèi)部告知同樣，除了需要有標(biāo)題，正文（活動(dòng)內(nèi)容）和時(shí)間以外，一般還需加上聯(lián)系地址或聯(lián)系人及電話號(hào)碼。啟事的標(biāo)題規(guī)定醒目，可以吸引讀者的注意力。3. Samples：Sample 1： NoticeReaders are requested to note that from May 2, 1996,

19、 the library will be open during the following hours: 8.00 a.m. 12.00 a.m.1.30 p.m. 5.00 p.m Library Office Sample 2： Notice of Meeting Subject: Financial program of the company Participants: Heads of all sections Time: 2 p.m., July 7th, Friday Place: Meeting Hall of Office Notes : Each participant

20、is required to hand in a written Proposal. The Administrative Office Samples 3: Notice A well-known professor named Mr. John Smith will give us a talk inthe lecture hall at 7 p.m. next Friday. He will talk about the economicdevelopment in the world and the future of the light industry in China after

21、Chinas entering WTO. If you are interested in it, please ask Li Ming for Tickets. He will be available in Room 601 Building 5, from 7 to 9 every Evening6. Faxes（傳真）1. 闡明：傳真一般由三部分構(gòu)成：第一部分：發(fā)，收傳真雙方的姓名，職位，地址，傳真號(hào)，日期，稱(chēng)呼和主題。 第一部分的格式為：第一行從左到右先寫(xiě)收傳真人的姓名（職位）和地址，然后是收件人的傳真號(hào)。第二行為發(fā)傳真人的姓名(職位)，地址和傳真號(hào)。第三行寫(xiě)發(fā)傳真的日期和傳真頁(yè)數(shù)。

22、第二部分：正文（含主題）。主題是傳真內(nèi)容的簡(jiǎn)樸概括。目的是讓對(duì)方在看正文之前對(duì)內(nèi)容有個(gè)大概的理解，主題往往不是完整的句子而是由短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成，放在稱(chēng)呼后的第一行。第三部分：結(jié)束語(yǔ)及簽名。與書(shū)信格式同樣Samples：To: Customer Enquiries Section Fax : 26759122 Electromark Ltd. From: Maria King, General Manager, Fax: 25251427 Office-Equip Date: March 12th, Page(s): 1Dear Sir: Re：Wooden domestic products We w

23、ould lie you to send us a catalogue and a price list regarding your wooden domestic products. We are interested in discussing terms with you and want to know the discounts you offer on large orders. I look forward to gearing from you soon. Yours Faithfully Maria King General ManagerSchedules/Timetab

24、les （活動(dòng)日程表/時(shí)刻表）活動(dòng)日程表的目的是讓有關(guān)人員清晰理解某一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)具體安排的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)以及主管人員等。在日程表的開(kāi)頭要用醒目的字體寫(xiě)明是什么活動(dòng)的安排籌劃，然后每項(xiàng)中先寫(xiě)明具體時(shí)間，再寫(xiě)互動(dòng)內(nèi)容，地點(diǎn)，或負(fù)責(zé)人等。安排按照時(shí)間順序依次書(shū)寫(xiě)即可語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)：不使用完整的句子而是用名詞短語(yǔ)或分詞替代以求簡(jiǎn)潔。附錄1：幾種常用書(shū)信范文：1、邀請(qǐng)信 Dear Mr./Ms, We should like to invite your Corporation to attend the 1997 International Fair which will be held from April 29

25、 to May 4 at the above address. Full details on the Fair will be sent in a week. We look forward to hearing from you soon, and hope that you will be able to attend. Yours faithfully2、肯定答復(fù) Dear Mr./Ms, Thank you for your letter of March 20 inviting our corporation to participate in the 1997 Internati

26、onal Fair. We are very pleased to accept and will plan to display our electrical appliances as we did in previous years. Mr. Li will be in your city from April 2 to 7 to make specific arrangements and would very much appreciate your assistance. Yours faithfully 3、否認(rèn)的答復(fù) Dear Mr./Ms, Thank you very mu

27、ch for your invitation to attend the 1997 International Fair. As we are going to open a repair shop in your city at that time, we are sorry that we shall not be able to come. We hope to see you on some future occasion. Yours faithfully4. 投訴： April 10, Dear Sir: Im writing about a washing machine whi

28、ch I bought from your store on March 20. Unfortunately, after only one week, I find something wrong with the washing machine that it leaks when working. I have telephoned to the service center of your store. The reply I got was that the assistant would contact with the manufacturer and they would of

29、fer an on-site repair service. What really makes me extremely annoyed is the fact that no one has ever come to repair it during the week. In view of the inconvenience the it has caused, and the disappointment, I feel I should return this washing machine and look forward to receiving a full refund (退

30、款)。 Yours Faithfully Shen Jun 5. 求職 Dear Sir or Madam: I would like to apply for the position of a translator in your company which was advertised in China Daily on May 10, . I graduated from Shanghai International I will be looking forward to hearing from you and appreciate your consideration of my

31、 application. Yours Faithfully ZhangLi祝賀： 20 Nov. Dear Prof. Cai, We have just been informed that your lifework on elementary Chinese teaching methodology had been fully recognized during the recent International Conference on Language Education where your article “Teaching Chinese as Foreign Langua

32、ge” was awarded first prize. This is the first honor ever won by a Chinese scholar. Since we are your students ,we know, of course, how youve worked. You are fully worthy of it!. Please accept our heartiest congratulations! Respectfully yours Mabel感謝 15 March, Dear Mrs. Long: It was so good of you t

33、o give my husband and me so much of your time. We enjoy and appreciate all your gracious hospitality to us more than we can see. We hope that you and Mr. Long may come into China before long and we may have the pleasure of seeing you then in our home. Thanks again for your kindness and my husband jo

34、ins me in sending our best regards to you and your family. Very sincerely yours, Mary Qi 附錄2：Useful Expressions：簡(jiǎn)介：Im pleased to introduce to you Mrs. Wang我不久樂(lè)向你簡(jiǎn)介王夫人It gives us great pleasure to introduce to you by this letter Mr. Su 借此信謹(jǐn)向你簡(jiǎn)介蘇先生Any assistance rendered him would be highly appreciate

35、d如能給與她協(xié)助本人將不勝感謝I would greatly appreciate it if you would kindly assist Mr. Li in gaining an opportunity for further studies.如能協(xié)助李先生獲得進(jìn)修的機(jī)會(huì)，我將十分感謝。 We would consider it a great favour if you would give him your advice and experience 你如能為她提供指點(diǎn)和版主，我們將不勝感謝。2. 祝賀： Please accept our best and sincerest wi

36、shed for. 請(qǐng)接受我最美好最誠(chéng)摯的.祝愿 Wishing you many happy returns of your birthday. 祝你生日快樂(lè) Congratulations on your latest promotion. I know that you will make good in your new job because you thrive on responsibility. 祝賀你的榮升。我懂得你是那種責(zé)任感很強(qiáng)的人，到了新的崗位一定會(huì)干的杰出 I am so glad to hear of your winning the Award of . I co

37、ngratulate you on this marvelous opportunity. 不久樂(lè)獲悉你榮獲.， 祝賀你有此機(jī)會(huì)獲此殊榮 We wish we could be with you to share the occasion. 我們但愿與你分享這一時(shí)刻3. 感謝： This is to thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and to tell you how much weenjoyed seeing you again.再次感謝你的盛情款待。這次充足我們感到十分快樂(lè) I appreciate very much you

38、r. 非常感謝你給于我們的 Many thanks for remembering our anniversary/birthday and for you flattering remarks 非常感謝你對(duì)我們紀(jì)念日/生日的惦記，以及熱情洋溢的賀詞 Than you for your letter which has meant great a great deal to me at this time 感謝你的來(lái)信。此時(shí)此刻，這封信對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)意義重大 4. 投訴/索賠 There were several aspects of the service that we were not sat

39、isfactory 你們的服務(wù)有幾方面我們感到不滿意 My first complaints is the fee 我一方面要對(duì)費(fèi)用進(jìn)行投訴 We shall have to ask you to make compensation for the loss that we have suffered 我們將規(guī)定你方對(duì)我方受到的損失予以補(bǔ)償 We claim on the goods for recovery of the loss 我方規(guī)定補(bǔ)償貨品損失 We feel that we must make a claim against you 我們規(guī)定向你方索賠 We will certai

40、nly replace the damaged goods 我們將更換這些破損貨品 We are ready to cancel your order and compensate for the loss incurred 我方將撤銷(xiāo)你方的訂單并補(bǔ)償你方遭到的損失 5. 邀請(qǐng)： We would like to know if you could 不知你能否前來(lái). I would like to invite you to 我請(qǐng)你. Is there any chance of your coming. 你與否能來(lái). We would be very happy if you could c

41、ome to 如蒙光顧，不勝榮幸 I cordially invite you to join us 我真心邀請(qǐng)你來(lái)參與我們的. I would like to take this opportunity to invite you to 借此機(jī)會(huì)，我想邀請(qǐng)你 Cover travel and other expenses 支付差旅及其她費(fèi)用 Please let us know as soon as possible if you can come and tell us when you can make the trip 請(qǐng)您盡早與我們聯(lián)系，并告訴能否成行及具體時(shí)間 Please acc

42、ept our warm welcome and sincere invitation 請(qǐng)接受我們熱情的歡迎及誠(chéng)摯的邀請(qǐng) On the occasion of . 值此.之際 Anniversary 周年齡念 R.S.V.P. 請(qǐng)賜復(fù)6. 求職 I am writing to apply for , which was advertised 我欲申請(qǐng)?jiān)趶V告上提供的職位I should like to apply for the position ( of .) mentioned in your advertisement in 你們登在的廣告上提到要招聘一名， 我想申請(qǐng)這一職位 In applying for the position of , I offer my qualifications ,which I believed will meet your requirements 我欲申請(qǐng)職位，我相信我的條件能滿足你們的現(xiàn)行規(guī)定 A copy of my antecedents is enclosed for your reference 茲附上