2014屆高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解復(fù)習(xí)課件：輕松掌握英語(yǔ)閱讀技巧

1、你也可以做到的高效英語(yǔ)閱讀快速泛讀fast extensive reading 廣泛閱讀大量涉及不同領(lǐng)域的書(shū)籍，要求讀得快、理解和掌握書(shū)中的主要內(nèi)容就可以了。要確定一個(gè)明確的讀書(shū)定額，定額要結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際，可多可少。如每天讀20頁(yè)，一個(gè)學(xué)期以18周計(jì)算，就可以讀21本中等厚度的書(shū)。2. 計(jì)時(shí)閱讀timed reading 每次進(jìn)行510分鐘即可，不宜太長(zhǎng)。因?yàn)橛?jì)時(shí)閱讀需要精力高度集中，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)那么容易疲勞，精力分散。 閱讀時(shí)先記下起讀時(shí)間閱讀完畢，記下止讀時(shí)間，計(jì)算出本次閱讀速度。隨手記下，長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持，必收到明顯效果。3. 略讀 skimming 略讀是一種專門的，非常實(shí)用的快速閱讀技能。指以盡可

2、能快的速讀閱讀，如同從飛機(jī)上鳥(niǎo)瞰birds eye view地面上的明顯標(biāo)志一樣，迅速獲取文章大意或中心思想。換句話說(shuō)，略讀是要求讀者有選擇地進(jìn)行閱讀，可跳過(guò)某些細(xì)節(jié)，以抓住文章大概，從而加快閱讀速度。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，訓(xùn)練有素的略讀者閱讀速度可以到達(dá)每分鐘30004000詞。 先把文章粗略地瀏覽一下，看看文章中是否有自己工作和學(xué)習(xí)所需要的或自己感興趣的資料和信息，然后確定這篇文章是否值得細(xì)讀。在查找資料時(shí)，如果沒(méi)有充分時(shí)間，而又不需要高度理解時(shí)，就可以運(yùn)用略讀技巧。不需要高度理解并非指略讀時(shí)理解水平可以很低，而是說(shuō)略低于一般閱讀速度所取得的理解水平是允許的。 一般閱讀的目標(biāo)是在保持一般閱讀速度的條件下

3、，獲得盡可能高的理解水平，通常到達(dá)70%或80%.略讀時(shí)，理解水平略低一些是預(yù)料之中的事，平均理解率達(dá)50%或60%就可以了。略讀特點(diǎn)1以極快的速度閱讀大量的材料，尋找字面上或事實(shí)上的主要信息和少量的闡述信息。2可以跳過(guò)某個(gè)局部或某些局部不讀。3理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。4根據(jù)文章的難易程度和這到的目的，不斷靈活地調(diào)整閱讀速度。 略讀技巧1利用印刷細(xì)節(jié)，如書(shū)或文章的標(biāo)題、副標(biāo)題、小標(biāo)題、斜體詞、黑體詞、腳注、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等，對(duì)書(shū)和文章進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)preview skimming。預(yù)測(cè)要了解作者的思路、文章模式，以便把握大意，有關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)及其相互關(guān)系。2以一般閱讀速度200250w/m，閱讀文章

4、開(kāi)頭的一、二段，力求抓住文章大意，背景情況，作者的文章風(fēng)格，口吻或語(yǔ)氣等。3閱讀段落的主題句和結(jié)論句。抓住主題句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去細(xì)節(jié)不讀，以求得略讀速度。4注意轉(zhuǎn)折詞和序列詞。轉(zhuǎn)折詞如however，moreover，in addition等；序列詞firstly，secondly等。4.尋讀Scanning 尋讀是一種從大量的資料中迅速查找某一項(xiàng)具體事實(shí)或某一項(xiàng)特定信息，如人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字等，而對(duì)其它無(wú)關(guān)局部那么略去不讀的快速閱讀方法。運(yùn)用這種方法，讀者就能在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)掠過(guò)盡可能多的印刷材料，找到所需要的信息。 例如:在車站尋找某次列車或汽車的運(yùn)行時(shí)刻，在機(jī)場(chǎng)尋找某次

5、班機(jī)的飛行時(shí)刻，在圖書(shū)館查找書(shū)刊的目錄，在文獻(xiàn)中查找某一日期、名字、數(shù)字或號(hào)碼等，都可以運(yùn)用這種方法。 尋讀帶有明確的目的性，有針對(duì)性地選擇問(wèn)題的答案。因此，可以把整段整段的文字直接映入大腦，不必字字句句過(guò)目。視線在印刷材料上掠過(guò)時(shí)，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)有關(guān)的內(nèi)容，就要稍作停留，將它記住或摘下，既保證尋讀的速度，又做到準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤，所以尋讀技巧也很有實(shí)用價(jià)值。尋讀技巧1利用材料的編排形式。資料多半是按字母順序排列的。如詞典、索引、 簿等。當(dāng)然并非所有資料都是按字母順序排列的。不管資料來(lái)源怎樣，它都是按照某種邏輯方法排列的。例如，要知道某事是何時(shí)發(fā)生的，要查日期；某事是誰(shuí)做的，要查人名等。2利用章節(jié)標(biāo)題和說(shuō)明。

6、尋讀之后，首先看看文章標(biāo)題或章節(jié)標(biāo)題，確定文章是否包含自己所需要的材料，或者哪一局部包含哪些材料，這樣可以直接翻到那個(gè)局部，進(jìn)行尋找。3抓提示詞和關(guān)鍵詞。找到包含所需信息的章節(jié)，準(zhǔn)備尋讀。這時(shí)，要留心與那個(gè)具體信息有關(guān)的提示詞。例如，在報(bào)紙?bào)w育運(yùn)動(dòng)版上尋找某田徑運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)的某項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)，他的國(guó)名是提示詞。在百科全書(shū)上尋找紐約市的人名，翻到New York City那一章后，population，census，inhabitants等詞就是提示詞，找到提示詞，就可以采用一般閱讀速度，獲得所需要的信息。Attention 以上4種閱讀方法，前2種可以大量用于日常的自我閱讀培養(yǎng)；后2種更多應(yīng)用于某些特殊

7、場(chǎng)合，如考試中。 接下來(lái)，請(qǐng)一起看一篇英語(yǔ)統(tǒng)考短文，試用講解的閱讀方法。 What will man be like in the future in 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses, of course, (15) but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man,

8、 even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we stil

9、l make use of only about 20% of the brains capacity (容量). As time goes on, however, (11) we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger. Nowadays our

10、eyes are in constant use. (12) In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stronger. On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are li

11、kely to grow weaker. (14) At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? (13) This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the

12、 future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald. Perhaps all this gives people the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a

13、human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own.1. The size of mans forehead will probably grow bigger because .A. he will use his brain more and more as time goes onB. he makes use only 20 % of the brains capacityC. his brain has grown larger over the past centuries D. the other 80% of h

14、is brain will grow in due time 2. What is NOT true according to the text?A. Man has been growing taller over the past 500 years. B. Man has got stronger eyes now than he ever had.C. Mans hair is will probably disappear. D. Mans arms and legs are likely to become weaker.3. What will be TRUE about a h

15、uman being in the future? A. He will be hairless because hair is no longer useful. B. He will have smaller eyes and will wear better glasses. C. His fingers will grow weaker because he wont use themD. He will think and feel in a different way.4. It is implied that .A. human beings will become more attractive in the futureB. body organs will become poorer if they are not used oftenC. human beings hope for a change in the future lifeD. fut